Financial overview and grant giving statistics of Extra Terrestrial Projects Inc

This statistic depicts the share of people in the U.S. who think extraterrestrial life visits our planet in 2019, broken down by gender. During the survey, over 29 percent of respondents who were male said they believe extraterrestrial life exists and that they visit our planet.

Data that was used for the preparation of the article "Formation of extraterrestrial peptides and their derivatives"

The overall objective of the proposed work is to provide a better understanding of the transport of ejected lunar regolith during spacecraft landing on extraterrestrial bodies (Moon, Mars, asteroids, etc.) and to incorporate this knowledge into a first-principles model for wide particle size distributions. In order to develop this model, computer simulations using both the discrete element method and continuum theory, along with experimental data, will be used. This model will then be transferred to NASA engineers for use as a practical predictive tool in a variety of scenarios to assist in the design of systems to mitigate the effects of regolith ejection. Such a predictive tool is crucial for the safety and future of space exploration.

In the deep-sea, the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is often marked by clay-rich condensed intervals caused by dissolution of carbonate sediments, capped by a carbonate-rich interval. Constraining the duration of both the dissolution and subsequent cap-carbonate intervals is essential to computing marine carbon fluxes and thus testing hypotheses for the origin of this event. To this end, we provide new high-resolution helium isotope records spanning the Paleocene-Eocene boundary at ODP Site 1266 in the South Atlantic. The extraterrestrial 3He, 3HeET, concentrations replicate trends observed at ODP Site 690 by Farley and Eltgroth (2003, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00017-7). By assuming a constant flux of 3HeET we constrain relative changes in accumulation rates of sediment across the PETM and construct a new age model for the event. In this new chronology the zero carbonate layer represents 35 kyr, some of which reflects clay produced by dissolution of Paleocene (pre-PETM) sediments. Above this layer, carbonate concentrations increase for ~165 kyr and remain higher than in the latest Paleocene until 234 +48/-34 kyr above the base of the clay. The new chronology indicates that minimum d13C values persisted for a maximum of 134 +27/-19 kyr and the inflection point previously chosen to designate the end of the CIE recovery occurs at 217 +44/-31 kyr. This allocation of time differs from that of the cycle-based age model of Röhl et al. (2007, doi:10.1029/2007GC001784) in that it assigns more time to the clay layer followed by a more gradual recovery of carbonate-rich sedimentation. The new model also suggests a longer sustained d13C excursion followed by a more rapid recovery to pre-PETM d13C values. These differences have important implications for constraining the source(s) of carbon and mechanisms for its subsequent sequestration, favoring models that include a sustained release

No abstract

Paleomagnetic, rock magnetic, or geomagnetic data found in the MagIC data repository from a paper titled: No significant post-Eocene rotation of the Moesian Platform and Rhodope (Bulgaria): Implications for the kinematic evolution of the Carpathian and Aegean arcs

Future annual aridity index (AI, precipitation divided by potential evapotranspiration [PET]) was calculated from monthly temperature and precipitation data extracted from 10 General Circulation Models from the Coupled-Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) downscaled to 1/8° spatial resolution (Maurer et al. 2007, Bureau of Reclamation 2013). The models were selected for their independence (Knutti et al. 2013) and performance, assessed by comparing model hindcast results and observed climate values in the Pacific Northwest (Rupp et al. 2013) and southwest United States (David E. Rupp, personal communication). We selected projections based on the highest representative concentration pathway, or emissions scenario, available for CMIP5 projections, RCP8.5, which assumes “baseline” response to climate change without mitigation (8.5 W/m2; Riahi et al. 2011). We used the median prediction (average of the median two models out of ten) for each cell for the four variables (minimum, maximum, and mean temperature and precipitation) to account for model variability. This dataset represents the aridification trends, AI change per year, based on the slope of change from 2016 to 2075 (60-yr period). Additional details: Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) = 0.0023 x Solar Radiation x (Mean Temperature + 17.8) x Temperature Range^0.5 (Hargreaves and Samani 1985). Monthly solar radiation was calculated using mid-month daily extra-terrestrial radiation accounting for both latitude and season with solar angle and daylight hours (Table 2.6, Eq. 21, Allen et al. 1998). General Circulation Models: CESM1-CAM5, HadGEM2-ES, HadGEM2-CC, CanESM2, CMCC-CM, MIROC5, IPSL-CM5A-MR, NorESM1-M, CSIRO-Mk3-6-0, CNRM-CM5. Allen, R. G., L. S. Pereira, D. Raes, and M. Smith. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration: guidelines for computing crop requirements. 56, FAO, Rome, Italy. Bureau of Reclamation. 2013. Downscaled CMIP3 and CMIP5 Climate and Hydrology Projections: Release of Downscaled CMIP5 Climate Projections, Comparison with preceding Information, and Summary of User Needs. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Technical Services Center, Denver, Colorado. Hargreaves, G. H. and Z. A. Samani. 1985. Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 1:96-99. Knutti, R., D. Masson, and A. Gettelman. 2013. Climate model genealogy: Generation CMIP5 and how we got there. Geophysical Research Letters 40:1194-1199. Maurer, E. P., L. Brekke, T. Pruitt, and P. B. Duffy. 2007. Fine-resolution climate projections enhance regional climate change impact studies. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 88:504. Riahi, K., S. Rao, V. Krey, C. Cho, V. Chirkov, G. Fischer, G. Kindermann, N. Nakicenovic, and P. Rafaj. 2011. RCP 8.5-A scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions. Climatic Change 109:33-57. Rupp, D. E., J. T. Abatzoglou, K. C. Hegewisch, and P. W. Mote. 2013. Evaluation of CMIP5 20th century climate simulations for the Pacific Northwest USA. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 118:10884-10906.

An inventory was made of the alien macroinvertebrates occurring in Flanders. To this end large collections of biological samples were investigated and supplemented with own sampling campaigns. Mainly fresh and brackish surface waters were investigated. Three new macroinvertebrate species for Flanders were discovered. In total 41 alien macroinvertebrates were encountered in fresh and slightly brackish surface waters in Flanders. Additionally, 24 alien macroinvertebrate species have been reported for the Belgian part of the North Sea and its adjacent estuaries. Most alien macroinvertebrates belonged to the crustaceans and molluscs. Over 2,500 samples containing macrocrustaceans were identified to species level, which allowed us to accurately map their distribution in Flanders. Alien species found in the fresh and brackish water environment, mainly originated from the Ponto-Caspian area and North-America followed by Asia and South- and East-Europe. This overview shows that alien macroinvertebrates are widespread and abundantly present in many watercourses in Flanders. Based on observations in neighbouring countries, several additional species are expected to arrive in the near future. A follow-up of the invasive alien species together with a monitoring scheme to detect new incoming species is valuable to estimate the size of the problem and to be able to closely follow their ecological and economic impact

This dataset was originally created for research on the spread and impact of alien invasive macroinvertebrate species in Flanders. However, the dataset can be reused for a variety of purposes. However, this being an occurrence dataset, it can be used for understanding species richness, distribution pattern and modelling studies such as ecological niche modelling. In order to enhance the confidence of use, we have documented the metadata as well as subjected the data records to a series of quality assessment and enhancement processes as described in the earlier section quality control description.

To allow anyone to use this dataset, we have released the data to the public domain under a Creative Commons Zero waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). We would appreciate however, if you read and follow these norms for data use (http://www.inbo.be/en/norms-for-data-use) and provide a link to the original dataset (https://doi.org/10.15468/xjtfoo) whenever possible. If you use these data for a scientific paper, please cite the dataset following the applicable citation norms and/or consider us for co-authorship. We are always interested to know how you have used or visualized the data, or to provide more information, so please contact us via the contact information provided in the metadata, opendata@inbo.be or https://twitter.com/LifeWatchINBO.

In this study, organic petrology and Osmium isotope (187Os/188Os) stratigraphy, major and trace element, and programmed pyrolysis analysis were performed on five outcrop samples from western New York, USA. Seawater Os isotope composition is controlled by radiogenic input from weathering of the ancient land and nonradiogenic input from extraterrestrial and hydrothermal sources (Peucker-Ehrenbrink and Ravizza, 2000). Os is complexed by the organic matter present at the time of deposition without isotope fractionation. Seawater Os isotope composition is reconstructed by analysing the Os isotope composition of the organic-rich sedimentary rock (Turgeon et al., 2007). The short residence time of Os (10 – 50 kyrs) in seawater makes it homogenised in the ocean, thus the Os isotope record from an open marine setting is representative of the global signal (Peucker-Ehrenbrink and Ravizza, 2000; Rooney et al., 2016). Here, we report increased inertinite as evidence for enhanced wildfire events at the F-F boundary and give implications on the F-F mass extinction. O2 level is estimated to be around (24.8%) with the average inertinite abundance data. Unlike previously thought, our findings support a model with higher atmospheric oxygen level (Berner et al., 2003) during the Late Frasnian to early Famennian (Late Devonian). The atmospheric oxygen level may have reached the present level (21 %) at late Frasnian (25 Myrs earlier than previous thought). Our Osi record excludes extra-terrestrial impact or hydrothermal event as a trigger for the mass extinction. Also, we give implications on the mechanism of Re-Os enrichment and fractionation in the organic-rich sedimentary rocks.

Marine invasive species are currently recognized as one of the major direct causes of biodiversity loss and changes in ecosystem provisioning and supporting services. This dataset documents the recent progress in addressing their growing threat to ocean biodiversity and ecosystems.

Paleomagnetic, rock magnetic, or geomagnetic data found in the MagIC data repository from a paper titled: No vertical axis rotations during Neogene transpressional orogeny in the NE Gobi Altai: coinciding Mongolian and Eurasian early Cretaceous apparent polar wander paths

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1: Description of the MASE sampling sites. Supplementary Table 2: RSV table resulted by the "universal" primer approach. Supplementary Table 3: RSV table resulted by the "Archaea" primer approach. Supplementary Table 4: RSV table resulted by the "universal" primer approach (including negative controls). Supplementary Table 5: RSV resulted by the "Archaea" primer approach (including negative controls). Supplementary Table 6: Diversity calculations based on the archaea-targeted approach for each sampling site and biotope. Supplementary Table 7: Diversity calculations based on the microbiome data (universal dataset) for each sampling site and environment. Supplementary Table 8: Bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic taxonomic information derived from the metagenomics dataset. Supplementary Table 9: Comparison with metagenomic datasets from non-MASE sites. Supplementary table 10: Comprehensive information on isolates obtained within the frame of the MASE project and their respective environmental source. Supplementary Table 11: Core genome of retrieved genome bins.

The Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3, http://aag.bao.ac.cn/ast3/) consist of three 50/68cm modified Schmidt telescopes, equipped with 10k x 10k STA1600FT CCD cameras. The AST3 telescopes were designed for multi-band wide-field astronomical surveys at Dome A, Antarctica with a field-of-view of 4.3 square degrees. The first AST3 (AST3-1) was deployed to Dome A, Antarctica by the 28th Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) team in January 2012, and became the largest optical telescope in Antarctica. AST3-1 started operation in mid March 2012, when the polar day ended, but unfortunately stopped working on 8 May 2012 due to some malfunction in the power supply system. Until then, AST3-1 had repeatedly surveyed nearly 2,000 deg^2 to search SNe with more than 3,000 60-sec exposures, and monitored several fields, including the center of the Large Magellanic Cloud with greater than 4,700 frames, a field in the Galactic disk for exoplanet transit surveying with greater than 3,000 frames, and the Wolf-Rayet star HD 143414 with greater than 1,000 frames. The data were retrieved by the 29th CHINARE team in April 2013, then have been processed by the Antarctic Astronomy Group at NAOC.

AST3-1 was supported by UNSW's PLATO observatory infrastructure.

The data are available here:

http://explore.china-vo.org/?locale=en

and are described in the following peer-reviewed paper:

Ma, B., Shang, Z., Hu, Y., Hu, K., Liu, Q., Ashley, M. C. B., Cui, X., Du, F., Fan, D., Feng, L., Huang, F., Gu, B., He, B., Ji, T., Li, X., Li, Z., Liu, H., Tian, Q., Tao, C., Wang, D., Wang, L., Wang, S., Wang, X., Wei, P., Wu, J., Xu, L., Yang, S., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yu, C., Yuan, X., Zhou, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhou, J., Zhu, Z.-H., 2018, The first release of the AST3-1 Point Source Catalogue from Dome A, Antarctica, MNRAS, 479, 111–120., doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1392, Sep/2018

'''This product has been archived''' For operationnal and online products, please visit https://marine.copernicus.eu

'''Short description:'''

This RRS product is defined as the ratio of upwelling radiance and downwelling irradiance at 412, 443, 490, 510, 560 and 665 nm wavebands (corresponding to MERIS), and can also be expressed as the ratio of normalized water leaving Radiance (nLw) and the extra-terrestrial solar irradiance (F0). The ESA Climate Change Initiative is a 2-part programme aiming to produce “climate quality” merged data records from multiple sensors. The Ocean Colour project within this programme has a primary focus on chlorophyll in open oceans, using the highest quality Rrs merging process to date. This uses a combination of bandshifting to a reference sensor and temporally-weighted bias correction to align independent sensors into a coherent and minimally-biased set of reflectances. These are derived from level 2 data produced by SeaDAS l2gen (SeaWiFS) and Polymer (MODIS, VIIRS, MERIS and OLCI-3A) , and the resulting Rrs bias corrected.

'''Processing information:'''

ESA-CCI Rrs raw data are provided by Plymouth Marine Laboratory, currently at 4km resolution. These are processed to produce CMEMS representations using the same in-house software as in the operational processing. The entire CCI data set is consistent and processing is done in one go. Both OC CCI and the REP product are versioned. Standard masking criteria for detecting clouds or other contamination factors have been applied during the generation of the Rrs, i.e., land, cloud, sun glint, atmospheric correction failure, high total radiance, large solar zenith angle (70deg), large spacecraft zenith angle (56deg), coccolithophores, negative water leaving radiance, and normalized water leaving radiance at 560 nm 0.15 Wm-2 sr-1 (McClain et al., 1995). For the regional products, a variant of the OC-CCI chain is run to produce high resolution data at the 1km resolution necessary.

'''DOI (product) :'''
https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00077

Magma ocean simulation data for Lichtenberg et al. (2021), Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. For data usage, see the descriptions at: https://osf.io/m4jh7 and https://github.com/timlichtenberg/pub_21JGRP_Lichtenberg.

Several boxes of paper records belonging to Dr Peter Fenton (a cosmic ray physicist based at the University of Tasmania), were provided to the Australian Antarctic Data Centre by his daughter, Dr Gwen Fenton. The paper records included charts of data collected from Australian Antarctic stations between 1959 and 1986, as well as some explanatory notes, correspondence and administration records.

Dr Peter Fenton also had an older brother, Dr Geoff Fenton, who was also a cosmic ray physicist based at the University of Tasmania.

The download file contains scanned pdfs of the following items:

Charts_1959-1974a.pdf Charts_1959-1974b.pdf Correspondence_1986.pdf Explanatory_Notes_1962-1971.pdf Program_Description_1986.pdf

Processed image from Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) on board the Mars Odyssey spacecraft. Mars coordinates Center Latitude 53.123405 Center Longitude 240.12192

Building an open data-driven framework to support policy on invasive species