In 2022, the air pollution level from particulate matter (PM10) in South Korea amounted to approximately ** micrograms per cubic meter. It is a decrease from ** micrograms per cubic meter in 2008.

The dataset is a large-scale dataset that consists of 5-year spatiotemporal data in Seoul city, Korea, from 2015 to 2019. This dataset includes air pollutants, such as PM2.5, meteorological data, like temperature, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall,...; traffic volume of main roads; average driving speed on roads; and the air pollution from 3 areas in China (Beijing, Shanghai, and Shandong) that affects Seoul’s air quality.

Context

This dataset deals with air pollution measurement information in Seoul, South Korea. Seoul Metropolitan Government provides many public data, including air pollution information, through the 'Open Data Plaza' I made a structured dataset by collecting and adjusting various air pollution related datasets provided by the Seoul Metropolitan Government

Content

This data provides average values for six pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, O3, PM10, PM2.5). - Data were measured every hour between 2017 and 2019. - Data were measured for 25 districts in Seoul. - This dataset is divided into four files.

1. Measurement info: Air pollution measurement information

   • 1 hour average measurement is provided after calibration
   • Instrument status:
     • 0: Normal, 1: Need for calibration, 2: Abnormal
     • 4: Power cut off, 8: Under repair, 9: abnormal data

2. Measurement item info: Information on air pollution measurement items

3. Measurement station info: Information on air pollution instrument stations

4. Measurement summary: A condensed dataset based on the above three data.

Acknowledgements

Data is provided from here. - https://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/OA-15526/S/1/datasetView.do - https://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/OA-15516/S/1/datasetView.do - https://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/OA-15515/S/1/datasetView.do

Thank you to Seoul City, Seoul Open Data Plaza, and Air Quality Analysis Center for providing data.

In 2022, the air pollution level of ozone (O3) in South Korea amounted to around ** parts per billion. It is up from about ** parts per billion in 2008.

Data collected for this research provides information on mixing layer heights and in-situ formaldehyde concentrations at Olympic Park during the KORUS-AQ field campaign.

This dataset is associated with the following publication: Kim, H., J. Gil, J. Jung, A. Whitehill, J. Szykman, G. Lee, D. Kim, S. Cho, J. Ahn, J. Hong, and M. Park. Factors controlling surface ozone in the Seoul Metropolitan Area During the Korus AQ campaign. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. University of California Press (UC Press), Oakland, CA, USA, NA, (2020).

In 2022, the air pollution level of particulate matter (PM10) in Daegu, South Korea, amounted to approximately ** micrograms per cubic meter, a decrease from ** micrograms per cubic meter in the previous year.

Context

This dataset is an update from this one: https://www.kaggle.com/bappekim/air-pollution-in-seoul

Content

I gathered the data from 2020, transformed it, and saved only the important data from the dataset. If you wish to check the locations of each station, please check the original dataset. It's important to notice that I removed lines with negative or zero readings of the instrument.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to the original creator of this dataset and to the City of Seoul to make this data available for download.

Inspiration

I had the idea to create this dataset to try to make predictions for the 2020 year using the 2017-2019 data. And then compare the actual results with the predicted values. I'm now working on it.

You can see work with this dataset on my blog: https://datasciencerecruit.wordpress.com/

South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Energy data was reported at 1.850 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.084 % for 2021. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Energy data is updated yearly, averaging 7.027 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.552 % in 2001 and a record low of 1.850 % in 2022. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Energy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmentally Related Tax Revenue: Environmental Protection Domains: OECD Member: Annual.

South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Pollution data was reported at 0.000 % in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 % for 2020. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Pollution data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 % in 2021 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2021. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of Total Tax Revenue: Pollution data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmentally Related Tax Revenue: Environmental Protection Domains: OECD Member: Annual.

Air pollution is closely associated with the development of respiratory illness. Behavioral adaptations of people to air pollution may influence its impact, yet this has not been investigated in the literature. Our hypothesis is that people experience and learn the underlying air quality to decide their adaptation, and they have a stronger incentive to behaviorally adapt to the air quality as it deteriorates. We tested our hypothesis on a sample of approximately 25,700 individuals from South Korea from 2002 to 2013 that contained information on daily doctor’s visits due to respiratory disease. We matched individuals to the mean of the past seven-day concentration of the particulate matter of size between 2.5 and 10 micrometers (PM10) in their county of residence. We examined whether people living in counties with greater air pollution suffer less from respiratory disease when the concentration increases. For the analysis, we separated counties into quintiles based on their mean seven-day PM10, and regressed the binary indicator of a daily doctor’s visit with a resulting diagnosis of respiratory disease on the seven-day PM10 concentration of the county of residence interacted with the quintile dummies. The key findings are that a 1-standard-deviation increase in the seven-day PM10 concentration in the two lowest quintiles is associated with an increase of 0.054 percentage points in the likelihood of a doctor’s visit with a resulting diagnosis of respiratory disease, which is about 40% larger than the effect in higher quintiles, and the size of 1-standard-deviation gradually increases from 0.037 percentage points in the third quintile to 0.040 percentage points in the fifth quintile. The smaller increase in the likelihood of respiratory disease in more polluted locations can be explained by the behavioral adaptation to the environment, but the effectiveness of the adaptation seems limited among the highly polluted locations.

North Korea KP: PM2.5 Air Pollution: Population Exposed to Levels Exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 Value: % of Total data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2015. North Korea KP: PM2.5 Air Pollution: Population Exposed to Levels Exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 Value: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2016. North Korea KP: PM2.5 Air Pollution: Population Exposed to Levels Exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 Value: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s North Korea – Table KP.World Bank: Environment: Pollution. Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 3 (IT-3) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 15 micrograms per cubic meter. The Air Quality Guideline (AQG) of 10 micrograms per cubic meter is recommended by the WHO as the lower end of the range of concentrations over which adverse health effects due to PM2.5 exposure have been observed.; ; Brauer, M. et al. 2016, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.; Weighted Average;

This dataset includes MDA8 O3 and 24-hour NO2 concentrations measured in the Seoul Metropolitan Area from May 2018 to April 2021.

Additional file 2: Figure S1. The location of the Korean Air Quality monitoring stations (AQMS) in South Korea with highlighted box of Seoul Metropolis. Figure S2. The results of cross-validation for daily mean concentration of PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 in South Korea during 2012 and 2013. x-axis: observed values. y-axis: predicted values.

Adjusted association between exposure to ambient air pollutants and the incidences of otitis media in a nationwide population study for children in South Korea.

South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of GDP: Transport data was reported at 0.044 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.046 % for 2013. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of GDP: Transport data is updated yearly, averaging 0.056 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2014, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.060 % in 2006 and a record low of 0.026 % in 1995. South Korea Air Pollution: Tax Revenue: % of GDP: Transport data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Environmentally Related Tax Revenue: Environmental Protection Domains: OECD Member: Annual.

Korea PM2.5 Air Pollution: Mean Annual Exposure: Micrograms per Cubic Meter data was reported at 28.682 mcg/Cub m in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 28.676 mcg/Cub m for 2015. Korea PM2.5 Air Pollution: Mean Annual Exposure: Micrograms per Cubic Meter data is updated yearly, averaging 25.752 mcg/Cub m from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.682 mcg/Cub m in 2016 and a record low of 23.804 mcg/Cub m in 2011. Korea PM2.5 Air Pollution: Mean Annual Exposure: Micrograms per Cubic Meter data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Korea – Table KR.World Bank: Environment: Pollution. Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.; ; Brauer, M. et al. 2016, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.; Weighted average;

This information provided by Seoul Metro is about indoor air quality in subway stations managed by the Corporation. As of 2021, indoor air quality measuring devices have been installed in a total of 259 stations from Lines 1 to 8, and air quality within each station is collected on an hourly basis, nearly in real time. This information is public data for the health and safety of citizens, and measured items include fine dust (PM10), ultrafine dust (PM2.5), carbon dioxide (CO₂), formaldehyde (HCHO), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), allowing for a comprehensive understanding of air pollution levels within stations.

Time series data for the statistic Mortality rate attributable to ambient air pollution (deaths per 100 000 population) and country Korea, Rep.. Indicator Definition:

The Asia Pacific Air Quality Monitoring Market size was valued at USD 77.40 Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 105.68 Million by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 4.55 % during the forecasts periods. Air quality monitoring is the systematic process of measuring and assessing the concentration of pollutants in the air to ensure it meets established health and environmental standards. This process involves the use of various sensors and instruments to detect pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. These pollutants can originate from various sources, including vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and natural events like wildfires and dust storms. Air quality monitoring can be conducted at different levels, from local to global scales. Local monitoring networks provide detailed information about air quality in specific areas, while satellite-based monitoring offers a broader view of regional and global air quality trends. The collected data is often used to calculate the Air Quality Index (AQI), a standardized indicator that communicates the level of air pollution and its potential health impacts to the public. Recent developments include: Januaru 2023: The government of India launched the Technology for Air Quality Monitoring System (AI-AQMS v1.0) developed under MeitY-supported projects. The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Kolkata, in partnership with TeXMIN, ISM, Dhanbad under the ‘National program on Electronics and ICT applications in Agriculture and Environment (AgriEnIcs)’ has developed an outdoor air quality monitoring station to monitor environmental pollutants which includes parameters like PM 1.0, PM 2.5, PM 10.0, SO2, NO2, CO, O2, ambient temperature, relative humidity etc., for continuous air quality analysis of the environment., September 2022: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) launched the Asia Clean Blue Skies Program (ACBSP) to scale up ADB's investments in improving air quality in Asia and the Pacific. ADB launched the ACBSP at the Fourth Asia Pacific Clean Air Partnership joint forum in Seoul, Korea. The program supports the development and strengthening of policies and plans for ADB's developing member countries (DMCs) so that investments are stimulated in air quality projects, such as greenhouse gas reductions in energy, agriculture, transportation, industrial development, and urban development.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Increasing Awareness and Favorable Government Policies and Non-government Initiatives for Curbing Air Pollution. Potential restraints include: 4., High Costs of Air Quality Monitoring Systems. Notable trends are: Outdoor Segment to Witness Significant Growth.