The record of accidents on the ski slopes is kept in order to monitor and ensure safety and order on the ski slopes and contains the parameters set out in Article 35 of the Skiing Safety Act (ZVS Ski-1).

Due to the entry into force of ZVS Ski-1, which specifies the contents of the records, it is shown separately, from the ski season 2013/2014 to 2016/2017 and separately for the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons.

Until 31. 8. In 2016, the record of accidents on ski slopes contained records of tours of ski slopes accidents.

ObjectiveTo validate the reliability and validity of the Contextual Sensation-seeking Questionnaire for Skiing and Snowboarding (CSSQ-S) among Chinese adult skiers, and to explore the relationship between sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior.MethodsSnowball sampling was employed to gather data from 515 individuals, aged between 18 and 40 years old, with at least one year of experience in skiing or snowboarding. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and other statistical methods were utilized for data analysis.ResultsThe CSSQ-S demonstrated strong factor validity, internal consistency, and construct validity. Sensation seeking was significantly positively correlated with injury frequency, and risk perception mediated this relationship.ConclusionThe CSSQ-S can be regarded as a reliable and valid tool for measuring sensation-seeking levels and potential injury risks among Chinese adult skiers, providing a useful reference for ski safety management and training.

In February 2024, the number of ski and snowboarding injuries recorded at ski resorts in Japan amounted to approximately 3.34 thousand. This was the second-highest number during the surveyed period.

Evidence-based injury prevention programmes for youth competitive alpine skiers are widely absent. The aims of this controlled 12-month experimental study were to introduce a novel injury prevention programme targeted to the injury patterns of youth skiers, called ISPAInt, and to compare the differences in injury occurrence between an intervention group (IG) additionally performing the ISPAInt programme and an independent, historical control group (CG) following their regular training routines. None of the skiers of the CG were part of the IG and vice versa. The study was directly conducted within the real-world youth development structures of skiers competing at the under 16 years (U16) level in Switzerland. Seventy-one skiers (aged 14.4 ± 0.3 years) assigned to the IG were compared to 58 age- and gender-matched controls. The IG was offered the ISPAInt programme with the recommendation to perform it at least once per week. Skiers’ adherence to this recommendation was surveyed but not enforced. Injuries were recorded using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire. Primary outcomes were the absolute injury rates (number of injuries/100 athletes per season) and epidemiological incidence proportion (number of injured athletes/100 athletes per season). The secondary outcome was the average 2-weekly prevalence of traumatic knee, knee overuse, and lower back overuse injuries. There were lower absolute rates of all traumatic injuries [rate/risk difference, RD: −57.1 (−98.1, −16.0); rate/risk ratio, RR: 0.665 (0.485, 0.884)] and overuse injuries [RD: −35.9 (−71.0, −0.7); RR: 0.699 (0.493, 0.989)] in the IG than in the CG. Likewise, the epidemiological incidence proportion for all overuse injuries was smaller in the IG [RD: −28.4 (−44.8, −12.0); RR: 0.598 (0.435, 0.822)], while the proportion of skiers suffering from traumatic injuries did not significantly differ between the groups. Notably, the IG particularity differed from the CG in the average 2-weekly prevalence of knee trauma, knee overuse, and lower back overuse complaints, three of the major injury-related hot spots in youth skiers. Based on these promising results, the ISPAInt programme may have great potential to prevent injuries in youth competitive alpine skiers, and the underlying exercises should be considered complementary training content at the U16 level.

Polish people going on a skiing vacation abroad in 2019 were most likely to have an accident in Italy (50 percent) or Austria (30 percent).

The statistic displays the total number of winter sport competition injuries reported between the 2006 and the 2019 season, by severity. In the regarded time frame of 13 seasons, a total of 3,950 injuries were recorded by the International Ski Federation (FIS) of which 1,500 resulted in more than 28 days of absence from full participation in training and competition of the athlete.

The statistic displays the total number of injuries in the Ski World Cup reported between the 2006 and the 2019 season, by discipline. In the given time frame of 13 seasons, the International Ski Federation (FIS) recorded a total of 1,083 reported injuries in the Ski World Cup of which 422 occurred in the discipline of alpine skiing.

In February 2024, 60.5 percent of injuries recorded at ski resorts in Japan were suffered by men, while injuries incurred by women accounted for roughly 39.7 percent. One reason for this might be the higher number of men who participate in skiing and snowboarding.

Here are a few use cases for this project:

1. Safety Monitoring: This model could be used in ski resorts for real-time monitoring of skiers, enabling authorities to enforce helmet rules and reduce the risk of injury.

2. Sport Event Analysis: During professional ski competitions, this model might provide real-time analysis, identifying which competitors are wearing helmets and potentially categorizing them based on the type or color of their helmets.

3. Development of Smart Cameras: Integrating this model into smart cameras could enable them to automatically identify and focus on skiers with helmets, useful for specific filming or photography needs.

4. Insurance Investigations: Insurance companies might use this model to enhance their investigation process for winter sport accidents and determine if claimants were following safety protocols like wearing a helmet.

5. AI Ski Coaching: This model can be incorporated into an AI-based ski coaching system in which the model identifies if the trainee is wearing a helmet or not, providing real-time feedback, enhancing safety, and providing an all-around learning experience.

In the 2023/2024 season, the number of fatal accidents recorded at ski resorts in Japan amounted to seven, three skiers and four snowboarders. Overall, the number of accidents of snowboarders was higher than the number of accidents of skiers.

In epidemiological studies related to winter sports, especially alpine skiing, an unresolved methodological challenge is the quantification of actual on-snow activity exposure. Such information would be relevant for reporting meaningful measures of injury incidence, which refers to the number of new injuries that occur in a given population and time period. Accordingly, accurate determination of the denominator, i.e., actual “activity exposure time”, is critical for injury surveillance and reporting. In this perspective article, we explore the question of whether wearable sensors in combination with mHealth applications are suitable tools to accurately quantify the periods in a ski day when the skier is physically skiing and not resting or using a mechanical means of transport. As a first proof of concept, we present exemplary data from a youth competitive alpine skier who wore his smartphone with embedded sensors on his body on several ski days during one winter season. We compared these data to self-reported estimates of ski exposure, as used in athletes' training diaries. In summary, quantifying on-snow activity exposure in alpine skiing using sensor data from smartphones is technically feasible. For example, the sensors could be used to track ski training sessions, estimate the actual time spent skiing, and even quantify the number of runs and turns made as long as the smartphone is worn. Such data could be very useful in determining actual exposure time in the context of injury surveillance and could prove valuable for effective stress management and injury prevention in athletes.

Among Poles going on skiing holidays abroad, 70 percent of accidents happened to skiers and 30 percent to snowboarders.

Ski Gloves and Mittens Market Outlook

The global ski gloves and mittens market size is expected to grow from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to USD 2.0 billion by 2032, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%. This significant growth can be attributed to the increasing popularity of winter sports and outdoor activities, rising disposable incomes, and the growing awareness about the importance of protective gear during skiing and snowboarding activities.

One of the primary growth factors of the ski gloves and mittens market is the surge in winter sports activities globally. With the increasing number of ski resorts and the rising popularity of skiing and snowboarding among both amateurs and professionals, the demand for high-quality protective gear has escalated. Ski gloves and mittens are essential for providing warmth and protection against injuries, thereby enhancing the overall skiing experience. Additionally, advancements in material technology have led to the development of more durable and efficient products, further propelling market growth.

Another significant factor contributing to market growth is the rising disposable income of consumers, particularly in developing nations. As people have more spending power, they are more likely to invest in premium quality outdoor gear. The trend of adventure tourism and the inclination towards experiencing exotic and thrilling activities, including skiing, have also resulted in higher expenditure on ski equipment, including gloves and mittens. Furthermore, the increasing focus on health and fitness has encouraged more individuals to participate in physical activities, including winter sports, thereby driving demand.

The growing awareness about the importance of protective gear in preventing injuries is also a crucial driver for the ski gloves and mittens market. Manufacturers are increasingly emphasizing the safety aspects of their products, incorporating features such as better insulation, waterproof materials, and enhanced grip. The promotion of these safety features through various marketing channels has played a significant role in educating consumers about the benefits of using high-quality ski gloves and mittens, contributing to market expansion.

Regionally, North America and Europe remain the dominant markets for ski gloves and mittens, owing to the presence of numerous ski resorts and a high number of skiing enthusiasts. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. The increasing popularity of winter sports in countries like China, Japan, and South Korea, coupled with favorable government initiatives to promote tourism, is driving the demand for ski equipment in this region. Additionally, the entry of international brands and the expansion of local manufacturers are contributing to market growth in the Asia Pacific.

In recent years, the introduction of Sport Touchscreen Gloves has revolutionized the ski gloves and mittens market. These gloves are designed to offer not only warmth and protection but also the convenience of using touchscreen devices without having to remove them. This feature is particularly appealing to tech-savvy consumers who want to capture their skiing experiences on smartphones or use GPS navigation apps while on the slopes. The integration of conductive materials in the fingertips allows for seamless interaction with touchscreens, making these gloves a popular choice among younger skiers and snowboarders who value connectivity and functionality.

Product Type Analysis

The ski gloves and mittens market is primarily segmented by product type into gloves and mittens. Ski gloves are designed to provide individual finger movement, which is essential for activities requiring dexterity, such as adjusting ski gear and handling poles. These gloves often come with features like reinforced palms, wrist straps, and touch screen compatibility, making them highly functional and popular among avid skiers. The demand for ski gloves continues to rise, driven by their versatility and the increasing number of recreational and professional skiers.

Mittens, on the other hand, are designed to keep the fingers together, providing superior warmth compared to gloves. This makes them particularly suitable for extremely cold conditions. Mittens are often favored by snowboarders and those engaged in less gear-intensive winter activities. The market for mittens is growing steadily, sup

To address the growing concern regarding player safety and injury prevention in competitive sports, we present a synthetic dataset designed specifically for injury prediction. By leveraging Python libraries such as NumPy and Pandas, we aim to create a realistic representation of player health and injury data. Our synthetic dataset captures critical attributes such as player demographics, training intensities, recovery times, and previous injury histories. We establish correlations between these features and the likelihood of future injuries to accurately simulate real-world scenarios.

Previous research has shown that friction between ski and snow can vary substantially due to changes in snow conditions. The variation of friction affects the speed a freestyle skier or snowboarder (athlete) reaches during the in-run of a jump. Athletes risk severe injuries if their take-off speed is not within the right margin to land in the “sweet spot” zone. To reduce the risk of injury, snow park designers and competition managers need to calculate the speed athletes reach during the in-run. However, despite multiple attempts over the last decades, to date no model can predict ski-snow friction from snow physical quantities. Hence, simulations of in-run speeds suffer from insufficient validity. For the first time, this work combines kinematic athlete data and comprehensive snow surface measurements to infer the coefficient of friction of freestyle skis and snowboards across a wide range of snow conditions. Athletes’ point mass kinematics were recorded at more than 200 straight gliding runs with differential global navigation satellite systems. The subjects’ air drag and lift were deployed from wind tunnel measurements. Along with the kinematic data and data from wind measurements, a mechanical model of the athlete was established to solve the equation of motion for the coefficient of friction between ski/snowboard and snow. The friction coefficients for ski (snowboard) ranged from 0.023 ± 0.006 (0.026 ± 0.008) to 0.139 ± 0.018 (0.143 ± 0.017) and could be explained well (Radj2 = 0.77) from the measured snow parameters using a multivariate statistical model. Our results provide a new quantitative tool for practitioners to predict the friction of skis and snowboard on snow of various conditions, which aims to increase athletes’ safety in slopestyle and big air.

Previous research has shown that friction between ski and snow can vary substantially due to changes in snow conditions. The variation of friction affects the speed a freestyle skier or snowboarder (athlete) reaches during the in-run of a jump. Athletes risk severe injuries if their take-off speed is not within the right margin to land in the “sweet spot” zone. To reduce the risk of injury, snow park designers and competition managers need to calculate the speed athletes reach during the in-run. However, despite multiple attempts over the last decades, to date no model can predict ski-snow friction from snow physical quantities. Hence, simulations of in-run speeds suffer from insufficient validity. For the first time, this work combines kinematic athlete data and comprehensive snow surface measurements to infer the coefficient of friction of freestyle skis and snowboards across a wide range of snow conditions. Athletes’ point mass kinematics were recorded at more than 200 straight gliding runs with differential global navigation satellite systems. The subjects’ air drag and lift were deployed from wind tunnel measurements. Along with the kinematic data and data from wind measurements, a mechanical model of the athlete was established to solve the equation of motion for the coefficient of friction between ski/snowboard and snow. The friction coefficients for ski (snowboard) ranged from 0.023 ± 0.006 (0.026 ± 0.008) to 0.139 ± 0.018 (0.143 ± 0.017) and could be explained well (Radj2 = 0.77) from the measured snow parameters using a multivariate statistical model. Our results provide a new quantitative tool for practitioners to predict the friction of skis and snowboard on snow of various conditions, which aims to increase athletes’ safety in slopestyle and big air.

Ski Equipment Market Outlook

The global ski equipment market size was valued at USD 1.4 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2.0 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.1% during the forecast period. The market's growth is driven by factors such as the increasing popularity of skiing as a recreational activity, advancements in ski equipment technology, and the expansion of ski resorts globally.

One significant growth factor for the ski equipment market is the rising participation in skiing activities, particularly among younger demographics and emerging markets. The global tourism sector has also played an influential role by promoting ski destinations and providing comprehensive packages that include ski lessons and equipment rentals. Consequently, the demand for ski equipment has seen substantial growth in regions that were previously untapped. Additionally, the rising disposable income and changing lifestyle preferences towards adventure sports are contributing to this upward trend.

Technological advancements in ski equipment have further fueled market growth. Modern ski equipment is designed to enhance safety, performance, and user experience. Innovations such as lightweight materials, improved aerodynamics, and enhanced durability have made skiing more accessible and appealing to a broader audience. Moreover, the integration of smart technology into ski gear, such as GPS trackers in ski helmets and app-connected ski boots, has captivated tech-savvy consumers, thereby driving sales.

The increase in winter tourism also significantly contributes to the growth of the ski equipment market. Governments and private sectors in various countries are investing heavily in developing ski resorts and infrastructure. These investments aim to attract tourists and provide them with high-quality skiing experiences. The expansion of ski resorts in regions like Asia Pacific and Latin America has opened new avenues for market growth, as these areas witness a surge in winter sports enthusiasts.

Regionally, Europe and North America dominate the ski equipment market due to their well-established skiing culture and extensive ski resort infrastructure. However, regions such as Asia Pacific are emerging as significant markets due to growing interest in winter sports and increased investments in ski tourism infrastructure. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing gradual growth, driven by increasing disposable incomes and the introduction of ski resorts in these regions.

Product Type Analysis

The ski equipment market is segmented into various product types, including skis, ski boots, ski bindings, ski poles, ski helmets, ski goggles, ski apparel, and others. Skis remain the most essential equipment in the market, with continuous innovation leading to better performance and user comfort. The diversity in ski types, such as alpine, freestyle, and backcountry skis, caters to different skiing styles and environments. Modern skis incorporate advanced materials like carbon fiber and titanium, enhancing their strength and flexibility. This innovation is critical in attracting both amateur and professional skiers.

Another vital segment is ski boots, which are crucial for comfort and performance on the slopes. Recent developments in ski boot technology focus on enhancing fit, reducing weight, and improving heat retention. Customization options, such as heat-moldable liners and shells, have gained popularity among skiers for their ability to provide a personalized fit. As skiing becomes more mainstream, the demand for high-quality and comfortable ski boots is expected to rise significantly.

Ski bindings and poles are also essential components of skiing equipment. Bindings have seen technological advancements aimed at improving safety features, such as adjustable release mechanisms to prevent injuries. Ski poles, while relatively simpler, have also undergone improvements in materials and ergonomics to enhance performance and reduce fatigue. The demand for high-performance bindings and poles is expected to grow in tandem with the overall increase in skiing activity.

Ski helmets and goggles are critical for safety and protection, and their demand is driven by increasing awareness of safety standards. Innovations in these products include impact-resistant materials, better ventilation systems, and integration with audio and communication devices. Ski apparel, which includes jackets, pants, and gloves, is another significant product category. Advanced materials that offer better

In February 2024, the share of snowboarding injuries recorded at ski resorts in Japan amounted to 56.9 percent. Most of the rest was incurred by people on skis.

Skier Bindings Sales Market Outlook

The global skier bindings sales market size was estimated at USD 1.2 billion in 2023, and with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5%, it is expected to reach approximately USD 1.8 billion by 2032. The growth in this market can be attributed to increasing participation in skiing activities globally, alongside a rising number of ski resorts and advancements in skier binding technologies. The demand for skier bindings is driven by an increased emphasis on safety and performance, which has led to continuous innovation and enhancement in this sector.

A key growth factor propelling the skier bindings sales market is the increasing popularity of skiing as both a recreational and professional sport. The tourism industry has seen significant growth, with more people traveling to ski destinations, thus boosting the demand for skier bindings. This trend is particularly prominent in regions with well-developed ski infrastructure, such as Europe and North America. Additionally, the development of artificial ski slopes in urban areas has facilitated the growth of skiing activities, contributing to the market expansion for skier bindings.

Technological advancements also play a crucial role in the growth of the skier bindings sales market. Manufacturers are consistently innovating to enhance the safety, comfort, and performance of skier bindings. Features such as adjustable release mechanisms, lightweight materials, and enhanced durability are attracting more consumers. Furthermore, the integration of smart technologies, such as binding systems that can communicate with ski boots and provide real-time feedback, is expected to offer new opportunities in this market.

Another significant growth factor is the increasing awareness about skiing safety. Skiing is an activity associated with high risks of injuries, making safety equipment like skier bindings essential. There is a growing emphasis on using high-quality bindings that minimize the risk of injuries, which is driving demand. Ski schools and professional skiing organizations are also advocating for the use of advanced bindings, further boosting the market growth. The rise of e-commerce platforms has also made it easier for consumers to access a wide range of products, thus fostering market growth.

Regionally, the skier bindings market is witnessing varying growth patterns. Europe continues to dominate the market due to the presence of numerous ski resorts and a strong skiing culture. North America is also a significant market, driven by the popularity of skiing in countries like the United States and Canada. The Asia Pacific region, particularly countries like China and Japan, is emerging as a lucrative market due to increasing disposable incomes and investments in winter sports infrastructure. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are relatively smaller markets but are experiencing gradual growth as skiing gains popularity in these regions.

Product Type Analysis

The skier bindings market can be segmented based on product type into Alpine bindings, Touring bindings, Telemark bindings, and others. Alpine bindings hold a substantial share of the market, driven by their widespread use in recreational and professional skiing. These bindings offer a balance of safety and performance, making them a preferred choice among skiers. The robustness and reliability of Alpine bindings have contributed significantly to their dominance in the market.

Touring bindings are gaining popularity, especially among backcountry skiers. These bindings are designed to provide flexibility for uphill climbing and stability for downhill skiing. The increasing interest in backcountry and off-piste skiing is driving the demand for touring bindings. Manufacturers are focusing on developing lightweight and durable touring bindings to cater to this growing segment of skiers. Moreover, the advent of hybrid bindings that combine features of Alpine and touring bindings is expected to further boost this segment.

Telemark bindings, known for their free-heel design, cater to a niche market of skiers who prefer Telemark skiing. This segment, although smaller compared to Alpine and touring bindings, has a dedicated consumer base. The unique skiing technique and the performance benefits offered by Telemark bindings are key factors contributing to their demand. Manufacturers are innovating to enhance the performance and safety of Telemark bindings, attracting more enthusiasts to this skiing style.

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