The record of accidents on the ski slopes is kept in order to monitor and ensure safety and order on the ski slopes and contains the parameters set out in Article 35 of the Skiing Safety Act (ZVS Ski-1).

Due to the entry into force of ZVS Ski-1, which specifies the contents of the records, it is shown separately, from the ski season 2013/2014 to 2016/2017 and separately for the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons.

Until 31. 8. In 2016, the record of accidents on ski slopes contained records of tours of ski slopes accidents.

Evidence-based injury prevention programmes for youth competitive alpine skiers are widely absent. The aims of this controlled 12-month experimental study were to introduce a novel injury prevention programme targeted to the injury patterns of youth skiers, called ISPAInt, and to compare the differences in injury occurrence between an intervention group (IG) additionally performing the ISPAInt programme and an independent, historical control group (CG) following their regular training routines. None of the skiers of the CG were part of the IG and vice versa. The study was directly conducted within the real-world youth development structures of skiers competing at the under 16 years (U16) level in Switzerland. Seventy-one skiers (aged 14.4 ± 0.3 years) assigned to the IG were compared to 58 age- and gender-matched controls. The IG was offered the ISPAInt programme with the recommendation to perform it at least once per week. Skiers’ adherence to this recommendation was surveyed but not enforced. Injuries were recorded using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire. Primary outcomes were the absolute injury rates (number of injuries/100 athletes per season) and epidemiological incidence proportion (number of injured athletes/100 athletes per season). The secondary outcome was the average 2-weekly prevalence of traumatic knee, knee overuse, and lower back overuse injuries. There were lower absolute rates of all traumatic injuries [rate/risk difference, RD: −57.1 (−98.1, −16.0); rate/risk ratio, RR: 0.665 (0.485, 0.884)] and overuse injuries [RD: −35.9 (−71.0, −0.7); RR: 0.699 (0.493, 0.989)] in the IG than in the CG. Likewise, the epidemiological incidence proportion for all overuse injuries was smaller in the IG [RD: −28.4 (−44.8, −12.0); RR: 0.598 (0.435, 0.822)], while the proportion of skiers suffering from traumatic injuries did not significantly differ between the groups. Notably, the IG particularity differed from the CG in the average 2-weekly prevalence of knee trauma, knee overuse, and lower back overuse complaints, three of the major injury-related hot spots in youth skiers. Based on these promising results, the ISPAInt programme may have great potential to prevent injuries in youth competitive alpine skiers, and the underlying exercises should be considered complementary training content at the U16 level.

In February 2024, the number of ski and snowboarding injuries recorded at ski resorts in Japan amounted to approximately 3.34 thousand. This was the second-highest number during the surveyed period.

ABSTRACT Introduction Ski training presents the high ability of athletes and strong demand on the physical conditioning of the knee joint, which is frequently injured. Objective Study the sports injuries of the knee joint in ski training and explore its preventive measures. Methods The interview method was used with ski instructors, enthusiasts, and athletes by questionnaire with design and distribution of topics related to the occurrence of injuries. Sport injury factors are discussed internally and externally. Preventive measures and protective equipment for knee sports injuries are presented. Results Currently, the proportion of serious sports injuries to the knee joint is relatively high, and problems such as collision are the most common injury factors, and differences exist between male and female athletes. Among the causes of injury, the highest-scoring technical factor for injury was “deviation from technical movements”, and the highest-scoring preventive measures were “strength training for vulnerable parts” and “sufficient preparation for activities”. Conclusion The instructors should provide effective training programs according to the actual situation of the athletes, pay attention to monitoring the skiing environment, and recommend the appropriate protective equipment for the sport. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

The statistic displays the total number of injuries in the Alpine Ski World Cup reported between the 2006 and the 2019 season, by body part. In the given time frame of 13 seasons, the International Ski Federation (FIS) recorded a total of 1,083 reported injuries in the Alpine Ski World Cup of which 447 were knee injuries.

The statistic displays the total number of injuries in the Ski World Cup reported between the 2006 and the 2019 season, by discipline. In the given time frame of 13 seasons, the International Ski Federation (FIS) recorded a total of 1,083 reported injuries in the Ski World Cup of which 422 occurred in the discipline of alpine skiing.

In the 2023/2024 season, the number of fatal accidents recorded at ski resorts in Japan amounted to seven, three skiers and four snowboarders. Overall, the number of accidents of snowboarders was higher than the number of accidents of skiers.

The purpose of "Product-related injuries: Epidemiology, Etiology and Preventive Measures, 1995" was to identify key factors that could be of importance on whether a product related accident would happen or not. A product related accident was characterised as an actitvity where a person was injured when a product was involved in the acitivity. The products that were part of the survey were skis and bicycles. Exposure to the product and experience with the use of the product were seen as important factors for if an accident was to happen. Age and sex were important variables as well. To find out if there was a connection between exposure, experience and being prone to accidents, a case-control investigation was made, based on post-enquete surveys, during the spring of 1995.

Previous research has shown that friction between ski and snow can vary substantially due to changes in snow conditions. The variation of friction affects the speed a freestyle skier or snowboarder (athlete) reaches during the in-run of a jump. Athletes risk severe injuries if their take-off speed is not within the right margin to land in the “sweet spot” zone. To reduce the risk of injury, snow park designers and competition managers need to calculate the speed athletes reach during the in-run. However, despite multiple attempts over the last decades, to date no model can predict ski-snow friction from snow physical quantities. Hence, simulations of in-run speeds suffer from insufficient validity. For the first time, this work combines kinematic athlete data and comprehensive snow surface measurements to infer the coefficient of friction of freestyle skis and snowboards across a wide range of snow conditions. Athletes’ point mass kinematics were recorded at more than 200 straight gliding runs with differential global navigation satellite systems. The subjects’ air drag and lift were deployed from wind tunnel measurements. Along with the kinematic data and data from wind measurements, a mechanical model of the athlete was established to solve the equation of motion for the coefficient of friction between ski/snowboard and snow. The friction coefficients for ski (snowboard) ranged from 0.023 ± 0.006 (0.026 ± 0.008) to 0.139 ± 0.018 (0.143 ± 0.017) and could be explained well (Radj2 = 0.77) from the measured snow parameters using a multivariate statistical model. Our results provide a new quantitative tool for practitioners to predict the friction of skis and snowboard on snow of various conditions, which aims to increase athletes’ safety in slopestyle and big air.

Polish people going on a skiing vacation abroad in 2019 were most likely to have an accident in Italy (50 percent) or Austria (30 percent).

OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH Goal of the review: The primary aim is to summarize and contextualize the available literature on alpine ski racing injury epidemiology, injury etiology, injury prevention measures, injury prevention context and implementation issues.

Aims of the study: (1) To describe the context, design, methods and study timeline of the available literature on injuries, their risk factors and mechanism, and prevention in elite alpine skiing; (2) To identify the injury risk factors, inciting events, and injury mechanisms as described in current literature; (3) To identify and describe evidence-based intervention strategies for injury prevention in elite alpine skiing; (4) To contextualise the available evidence on injury prevention in elite alpine skiing literature; and (5) To provide direction for future research based on the current evidence shortcomings.

How will we do this? • To categorise injury risk factors and intervention strategies using The Translating Research into Injury Prevention Practice (TRIPP) framework for research leading to real-world sports injury prevention and a modified and adapted version of the Haddon matrix as a conceptual framework for injury causation and prevention.

Here are a few use cases for this project:

1. Safety Monitoring: This model could be used in ski resorts for real-time monitoring of skiers, enabling authorities to enforce helmet rules and reduce the risk of injury.

2. Sport Event Analysis: During professional ski competitions, this model might provide real-time analysis, identifying which competitors are wearing helmets and potentially categorizing them based on the type or color of their helmets.

3. Development of Smart Cameras: Integrating this model into smart cameras could enable them to automatically identify and focus on skiers with helmets, useful for specific filming or photography needs.

4. Insurance Investigations: Insurance companies might use this model to enhance their investigation process for winter sport accidents and determine if claimants were following safety protocols like wearing a helmet.

5. AI Ski Coaching: This model can be incorporated into an AI-based ski coaching system in which the model identifies if the trainee is wearing a helmet or not, providing real-time feedback, enhancing safety, and providing an all-around learning experience.

Among Poles going on skiing holidays abroad, 70 percent of accidents happened to skiers and 30 percent to snowboarders.

Here are a few use cases for this project:

1. Safety Monitoring: This model could be used in ski resorts for real-time monitoring of skiers, enabling authorities to enforce helmet rules and reduce the risk of injury.

2. Sport Event Analysis: During professional ski competitions, this model might provide real-time analysis, identifying which competitors are wearing helmets and potentially categorizing them based on the type or color of their helmets.

3. Development of Smart Cameras: Integrating this model into smart cameras could enable them to automatically identify and focus on skiers with helmets, useful for specific filming or photography needs.

4. Insurance Investigations: Insurance companies might use this model to enhance their investigation process for winter sport accidents and determine if claimants were following safety protocols like wearing a helmet.

5. AI Ski Coaching: This model can be incorporated into an AI-based ski coaching system in which the model identifies if the trainee is wearing a helmet or not, providing real-time feedback, enhancing safety, and providing an all-around learning experience.

The global winter sports injury treatment market size is estimated to expand at a substantial CAGR during the forecast period, 2021–2028. The growth of the market is attributed to the high participation of people in winter sports activities, increasing awareness about the injuries, and rising fitness maintenance of the people.

Winter sports are the type of sports that are played or organized during the months of winter of the year. These sports activities include ice skating, luge, skiing, snowboarding, bobsleigh, sledding, snowmobiling, and ice hockey. These activities are performed in cold regions during the cold weather.

However, the sports are prone to several injuries which is causing various concerns for people especially among the athletes. Some of the most common injuries during winter sports can be summarized such as medial collateral ligament tear, wrist fractures, anterior cruciate ligament tear, snowboarder's ankle, skier's thumb, and head & spine injuries.



In 2013, the US recorded around 3.8 million cases of winter sports injuries and the cases of the injuries are widely occurred among cold areas including Iceland and Canada. Millions of more people were reported to have suffered from various injuries and the most common cause of injury is reported to be due to sledging. The sledging caused about 700,000 cases annually and mostly children and women are at high risk as compared to men.

Market Trends, Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities

• Growing interest in winter sports and rising organizing of various sports events globally are boosting the market growth in the near future.


• Increasing government initiatives to raise the awareness about the injuries related to the sports along with growing self-awareness regarding their health and fitness are propelling the market in the coming years.


• Expensive treatment of sports injuries and concerns related to reimbursement are key restraints that can hamper the market expansion.


• Limited awareness about different treatmen

Patellar tendon (PT) complaints are frequent in competitive alpine skiers and such complaints are characterized by a long-lasting affection. Since PTs are subject to maturation up to 1–2 years after growth spurt, this early career stage may be decisive for the further course of complaints. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of PT complaints and shear wave velocity patterns among competitive alpine skiers during a 4-year post-growth spurt follow-up. The PT complaints and SWV patterns of forty-seven skiers were analysed at baseline (i.e., immediately after their peak height growth at 13–15 years of age) and were re-analysed at 4-year follow-up. The PTs were scanned via three-dimensional SWE. Symptomatic skiers were identified based on pain sensation under loading and pressure-induced pain around the PT. The prevalence of PT complaints decreased from 29.8% at baseline to 12.8% at follow-up (Pearson’s χ2 = 9.429; p = 0.002). SWV decreased from the baseline assessment to the follow-up in the proximal and distal regions (p < 0.05). SWV coefficient of variation (CV) in the distal and mid-portion regions was greater at baseline than at follow-up (p < 0.05). At the follow-up assessment, compared to “healthy” skiers, “healed” skiers who recovered from PT complaints had lower SWVs in the proximal region (p = 0.020) and greater SWV CVs in the proximal region (p = 0.028). Moreover, symptomatic skiers had significantly greater SWV CVs in the mid-portion region than did “healthy” subjects with no history of PT complaints (p = 0.020). The average SWV was negatively correlated with the SWV (proximal: r = −0.74, p < 0.001; mid-portion: r = −0.37 p = 0.011; and distal: r = −0.58, p < 0.001). The occurrence of PT complaints decreased over a 4-year post-growth spurt follow-up. “Healed” skiers who were symptomatic at baseline had an even greater average decrease in the proximal and mid-portion SWV than “healthy” skiers with no history of PT complaints. This may lead to the hypothesis that PT complaints in adolescent skiers are not self-eliminating towards the end of adolescence, as at least structural irregularities appear to persist for several years after the onset of initial symptoms. Furthermore, “healed” and symptomatic tendons exhibited increased SWV variability, supporting the hypothesis that SWV CV may provide additional valuable information on the mechanical properties of PTs affected by overuse-related complaints.

Ski Gloves and Mittens Market Outlook

The global ski gloves and mittens market size is expected to grow from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to USD 2.0 billion by 2032, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%. This significant growth can be attributed to the increasing popularity of winter sports and outdoor activities, rising disposable incomes, and the growing awareness about the importance of protective gear during skiing and snowboarding activities.

One of the primary growth factors of the ski gloves and mittens market is the surge in winter sports activities globally. With the increasing number of ski resorts and the rising popularity of skiing and snowboarding among both amateurs and professionals, the demand for high-quality protective gear has escalated. Ski gloves and mittens are essential for providing warmth and protection against injuries, thereby enhancing the overall skiing experience. Additionally, advancements in material technology have led to the development of more durable and efficient products, further propelling market growth.

Another significant factor contributing to market growth is the rising disposable income of consumers, particularly in developing nations. As people have more spending power, they are more likely to invest in premium quality outdoor gear. The trend of adventure tourism and the inclination towards experiencing exotic and thrilling activities, including skiing, have also resulted in higher expenditure on ski equipment, including gloves and mittens. Furthermore, the increasing focus on health and fitness has encouraged more individuals to participate in physical activities, including winter sports, thereby driving demand.

The growing awareness about the importance of protective gear in preventing injuries is also a crucial driver for the ski gloves and mittens market. Manufacturers are increasingly emphasizing the safety aspects of their products, incorporating features such as better insulation, waterproof materials, and enhanced grip. The promotion of these safety features through various marketing channels has played a significant role in educating consumers about the benefits of using high-quality ski gloves and mittens, contributing to market expansion.

Regionally, North America and Europe remain the dominant markets for ski gloves and mittens, owing to the presence of numerous ski resorts and a high number of skiing enthusiasts. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. The increasing popularity of winter sports in countries like China, Japan, and South Korea, coupled with favorable government initiatives to promote tourism, is driving the demand for ski equipment in this region. Additionally, the entry of international brands and the expansion of local manufacturers are contributing to market growth in the Asia Pacific.

Product Type Analysis

The ski gloves and mittens market is primarily segmented by product type into gloves and mittens. Ski gloves are designed to provide individual finger movement, which is essential for activities requiring dexterity, such as adjusting ski gear and handling poles. These gloves often come with features like reinforced palms, wrist straps, and touch screen compatibility, making them highly functional and popular among avid skiers. The demand for ski gloves continues to rise, driven by their versatility and the increasing number of recreational and professional skiers.

Mittens, on the other hand, are designed to keep the fingers together, providing superior warmth compared to gloves. This makes them particularly suitable for extremely cold conditions. Mittens are often favored by snowboarders and those engaged in less gear-intensive winter activities. The market for mittens is growing steadily, supported by their appeal to a segment of the population that prioritizes warmth and comfort over dexterity. Innovations in mitten designs, such as the inclusion of insulated liners and waterproof materials, are also enhancing their appeal.

Both gloves and mittens are essential components of ski gear, and their demand is influenced by factors such as weather conditions, the type of winter sport, and individual preferences. Manufacturers are continually striving to improve the functionality, comfort, and durability of these products to cater to the diverse needs of consumers. The introduction of eco-friendly materials and sustainable manufacturing practices is also gaining traction, reflecting the growing consumer demand for environmentally responsible products.

BackgroundAlpine skiers typically train using repeated practice runs requiring high bursts of muscle activity but there is little field-based evidence characterizing neuromuscular function across successive runs.PurposeTo examine the impact of repeated ski runs on electromyographic activity (EMG) of the knee extensors and flexors in elite alpine skiers.MethodsNineteen national team alpine skiers were tested during regular ski training [Slalom (SL), Giant Slalom (GS), Super Giant Slalom and Downhill (Speed)] for a total of 39 training sessions. The surface EMG of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF) and semimembranosus/semitendinosus (SMST) muscles was continuously recorded along with right knee and hip angles. The EMG root mean square signal was normalized to a maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC). The first and fourth runs of the training session were compared.ResultsThere was no meaningful main effect of run on EMG relative activation time or mean power frequency beyond the skier's intrinsic variability. However, EMG activity of the vastii increased from the first to the fourth run in SL [VM, ~+3%MVC for IL and outside leg (OL), p = 0.035)], speed (VL, IL:+6%/OL:+11%, p = 0.015), and GS (VM, IL:0/OL:+7%, p < 0.001); the later with an interaction with leg (p < 0.001) due to a localized increase on the OL. The run time and turn time did not change from the first to the fourth run. There were no meaningful changes in angular velocities, amplitude of movement, or maximal and minimal angles.ConclusionNeuromuscular activity remains highly stable in elite skiers with low variability across four runs.

The statistic displays the total number of reported snowboarding injuries recorded by the International Ski Federation (FIS) between the 2006 and the 2016 season, by body part. In the given time frame of 10 seasons, the FIS recorded a total of 986 reported snowboarding injuries of which 176 were knee injuries.