The yield on US 30 Year Bond Yield rose to 4.75% on September 19, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage point increase from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.15 points, though it remains 0.66 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. United States 30 Year Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Mutual Funds; Total Financial Assets in Municipal Bond Funds, Transactions (BOGZ1FA654091203Q) from Q1 1991 to Q2 2025 about municipal, mutual funds, transactions, bonds, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Bond Buyer Go 20-Bond Municipal Bond Index (DISCONTINUED) (MSLB20) from Jan 1953 to Sep 2016 about municipal, state & local, bonds, government, indexes, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for State and Local Governments; Municipal Bond Offering for Refunding; Liability, Transactions (BOGZ1FA213162703A) from 1970 to 2024 about municipal, retirement, state & local, transactions, liabilities, bonds, government, employment, and USA.

Index Time Series for Overlay Shares Municipal Bond ETF. The frequency of the observation is daily. Moving average series are also typically included. The fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve its objective by (i) investing in one or more other ETFs that seek to obtain exposure to the performance of investment grade municipal bonds and below investment grade municipal bonds or directly in the securities held by such ETFs and (ii) selling and purchasing listed short-term put options to generate income to the fund.

Both climate risk and race are factors that may affect municipal bond yields, yet each has received relatively limited empirical research attention. We analyzed > 712,000 municipal bonds representing nearly 2 trillion USD in par outstanding, focusing on credit spread or the difference between a debt issuer’s interest cost to borrow and a benchmark “risk-free” municipal rate. The relationship between credit spread and physical climate risk is significant and slightly positive, yet the coefficient indicates no meaningful spread penalty for increased physical climate risk. We also find that racial composition (the percent of a community that is Black) explains a statistically significant and meaningful portion of municipal credit spreads, even after controlling for a variety of variables in domains such as geographic location of issuer, bond structure (e.g., bond maturity), credit rating, and non-race economic variables (e.g., per capita income). Assuming 4 trillion USD in annual outstanding par across the entire municipal market, and weighting each issuer by its percent Black, an estimated 19 basis point (bp) penalty for Black Americans sums to approximately 900 million USD annually in aggregate. Our combined findings indicate a systemic mispricing of risk in the municipal bond market, where race impacts the cost of capital, and climate does not.

Graph and download economic data for Mutual Funds; Total Financial Assets in Municipal Bond Funds, Transactions (BOGZ1FA654091203A) from 1991 to 2024 about municipal, mutual funds, transactions, bonds, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Exchange-Traded Funds; Total Financial Assets in Municipal Bond Funds, Transactions (BOGZ1FA564091203Q) from Q4 2001 to Q1 2025 about municipal, ETF, transactions, bonds, assets, and USA.

Model 1 is the “hedonic” model, which includes bond structure only. Model 2 includes bond structure and non-race SES. Model 3 includes bond structure, non-race SES, and climate and race.

Graph and download economic data for Closed-End Funds; Total Financial Assets in Municipal Bond Funds, Transactions (BOGZ1FA554091203Q) from Q1 2007 to Q1 2025 about municipal, installment, transactions, bonds, assets, and USA.

Dataset characteristics for the whole market data and water and sewer revenue bonds only, for both response variables: market spread and spread at issue.

Graph and download economic data for State and Local Governments; Municipal Bond Offering for Refunding; Liability, Transactions (BOGZ1FA213162703Q) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about municipal, retirement, state & local, transactions, liabilities, bonds, government, employment, and USA.

Model 4 is the “hedonic” model, which includes bond structure and market condition. Model 5 includes bond structure, market condition, and non-race SES. Model 6 includes bond structure, market condition, non-race SES, and climate and race.