This reference houses a collection of quarter section maps, and related documents, of the Woodworth Study Area in Woodworth, North Dakota. The maps are hand-drawn and labeled with quarter and unit numbers. Information noted in the additional related documents include the history of land use and treatments applied by year. Land use histories date back to 1890, while treatment information typically encompasses the years between 1964 and 1995.

Metadata record for the Wyoming State Archives website; link in record. Included are samples of three types of State and Territorial maps: the Holt's maps, the US Department of Interior maps and the Transportation/Postal Route maps. The Holt's maps were produced between 1883 and ca.1890. They show the development and settlement of Wyoming and include the location of some early ranches and trails. The Archives has US Department of Interior State maps from 1876 to 1947. They are extremely detailed, including information as diverse as the location of US land offices, Indian and Military Reservations, forest and bird reserves, etc. The Transportation/Postal Route maps vary greatly depending on the reason they were produced. Many of the early Postal Route maps don't even show roads or trails, but include the amount of time to travel from one stop to the next. Later Transportation maps include bus routes, airport locations, etc.

description: In the late 1880's and early 1900's the Mississippi River Commission (MRC) conducted an extensive high-resolution survey of the Mississippi River from Cairo, Illinois to Minneapolis, Minnesota. These data were published as a series of 89 survey maps and index. In the 1990's, the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) in conjunction with the US Army Corps of Engineers Upper Mississippi River Restoration- Environmental Management Program -- Long Term Resource Monitoring Program element (LTRMP) for the Upper Mississippi River automated the maps' land cover/use symbology to create a turn of the century/pre-impoundment land cover/use data set. Other data on the maps that were not automated include; elevation contours, water depth soundings, proposed water control structures (e.g., wing dams), levees, benchmarks, railroads, and city streets.; abstract: In the late 1880's and early 1900's the Mississippi River Commission (MRC) conducted an extensive high-resolution survey of the Mississippi River from Cairo, Illinois to Minneapolis, Minnesota. These data were published as a series of 89 survey maps and index. In the 1990's, the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) in conjunction with the US Army Corps of Engineers Upper Mississippi River Restoration- Environmental Management Program -- Long Term Resource Monitoring Program element (LTRMP) for the Upper Mississippi River automated the maps' land cover/use symbology to create a turn of the century/pre-impoundment land cover/use data set. Other data on the maps that were not automated include; elevation contours, water depth soundings, proposed water control structures (e.g., wing dams), levees, benchmarks, railroads, and city streets.

Although the founding fathers declared American independence in 1776, and the subsequent Revolutionary War ended in 1783, individual states did not officially join the union until 1787. The first states to ratify the U.S. Constitution were Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, in December 1787, and they were joined by the remainder of the thirteen ex-British colonies by 1790. Another three states joined before the turn of the nineteenth century, and there were 45 states by 1900. The final states, Alaska and Hawaii, were admitted to the union in 1959, almost 172 years after the first colonies became federal states. Secession in the American Civil War The issues of slavery and territorial expansion in the mid nineteenth century eventually led to the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 until 1865. As the U.S. expanded westwards, a moral and economic argument developed about the legality of slavery in these new states; northern states were generally opposed to the expansion of slavery, whereas the southern states (who were economically dependent on slavery) saw this lack of extension as a stepping stone towards nationwide abolition. In 1861, eleven southern states seceded from the Union, and formed the Confederate States of America. When President Lincoln refused to relinquish federal property in the south, the Confederacy attacked, setting in motion the American Civil War. After four years, the Union emerged victorious, and the Confederate States of America was disbanded, and each individual state was readmitted to Congress gradually, between 1866 and 1870. Expansion of other territories Along with the fifty U.S. states, there is one federal district (Washington D.C., the capital city), and fourteen overseas territories, five of which with a resident population (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). In 2019, President Trump inquired about the U.S. purchasing the territory of Greenland from Denmark, and, although Denmark's response indicated that this would be unlikely, this does suggest that the US may be open to further expansion of it's states and territories in the future. There is also a movement to make Washington D.C. the 51st state to be admitted to the union, as citizens of the nation's capital (over 700,000 people) do not have voting representation in the houses of Congress nor control over many local affairs; as of 2020, the U.S. public appears to be divided on the issue, and politicians are split along party lines, as D.C. votes overwhelmingly for the Democratic nominee in presidential elections.

Forest Ecosystem Dynamics (FED) Project Spatial Data Archive: Edinburg Township Forest Map

The Biospheric Sciences Branch (formerly Earth Resources Branch) within the Laboratory for Terrestrial Physics at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and associated University investigators are involved in a research program entitled Forest Ecosystem Dynamics (FED) which is fundamentally concerned with vegetation change of forest ecosystems at local to regional spatial scales (100 to 10,000 meters) and temporal scales ranging from monthly to decadal periods (10 to 100 years). The nature and extent of the impacts of these changes, as well as the feedbacks to global climate, may be addressed through modeling the interactions of the vegetation, soil, and energy components of the boreal ecosystem.

The Howland Forest research site lies within the Northern Experimental Forest of International Paper. The natural stands in this boreal-northern hardwood transitional forest consist of spruce-hemlock-fir, aspen-birch, and hemlock-hardwood mixtures. The topography of the region varies from flat to gently rolling, with a maximum elevation change of less than 68 m within 10 km. Due to the region's glacial history, soil drainage classes within a small area may vary widely, from well drained to poorly drained. Consequently, an elaborate patchwork of forest communities has developed, supporting exceptional local species diversity.

This data layer contains forest polygons with information on cover type, volume, and crown closure for both the forest overstory and understory for the Township of Edinburg located in Penobscot County, Maine. The map was digitized, projected and differentially corrected using Global Positioning System points. Forest types were determined by delineation from color infrared photographs.

Note that the USGS records show that the orthophotoquads from which the data were digitized are in the Transverse Mercator projection. The printed map grid on both Howland and Edinburg maps is in the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. So, although the Edinburg map states that base map and control are from a Polyconic projection, (the Howland does not mention projection) the original base maps were assumed to be in the Transverse Mercator.

Information about the FED project and other datasets can be found at the FED Home Page: "https://forest.gsfc.nasa.gov/".

This dataset contains the years beech scale (Cryptococcus fagisuga; a predisposing agent of beech bark disease) was first detected in counties of Canada and the United states. These data were aggregated from observations made from 1890 to 2015 in order to map the spread of the insect throughout its invaded range in eastern North America. Detection year data are organized by country, province/state, and county for a total of 389 records with references to their original reporting literature.