Abstract

The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) Complete Count Data include more than 650 million individual-level and 7.5 million household-level records. The microdata are the result of collaboration between IPUMS and the nation’s two largest genealogical organizations—Ancestry.com and FamilySearch—and provides the largest and richest source of individual level and household data.

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Documentation

This dataset was created on 2020-01-10 22:52:11.461 by merging multiple datasets together. The source datasets for this version were:

IPUMS 1930 households: This dataset includes all households from the 1930 US census.

IPUMS 1930 persons: This dataset includes all individuals from the 1930 US census.

IPUMS 1930 Lookup: This dataset includes variable names, variable labels, variable values, and corresponding variable value labels for the IPUMS 1930 datasets.

Section 2

Historic data are scarce and often only exists in aggregate tables. The key advantage of historic US census data is the availability of individual and household level characteristics that researchers can tabulate in ways that benefits their specific research questions. The data contain demographic variables, economic variables, migration variables and family variables. Within households, it is possible to create relational data as all relations between household members are known. For example, having data on the mother and her children in a household enables researchers to calculate the mother’s age at birth. Another advantage of the Complete Count data is the possibility to follow individuals over time using a historical identifier.

In sum: the historic US census data are a unique source for research on social and economic change and can provide population health researchers with information about social and economic determinants.Historic data are scarce and often only exists in aggregate tables. The key advantage of historic US census data is the availability of individual and household level characteristics that researchers can tabulate in ways that benefits their specific research questions. The data contain demographic variables, economic variables, migration variables and family variables. Within households, it is possible to create relational data as all relations between household members are known. For example, having data on the mother and her children in a household enables researchers to calculate the mother’s age at birth. Another advantage of the Complete Count data is the possibility to follow individuals over time using a historical identifier. In sum: the historic US census data are a unique source for research on social and economic change and can provide population health researchers with information about social and economic determinants.

The historic US 1930 census data was collected in April 1930. Enumerators collected data traveling to households and counting the residents who regularly slept at the household. Individuals lacking permanent housing were counted as residents of the place where they were when the data was collected. Household members absent on the day of data collected were either listed to the household with the help of other household members or were scheduled for the last census subdivision.

Notes

• We provide IPUMS household and person data separately so that it is convenient to explore the descriptive statistics on each level. In order to obtain a full dataset, merge the household and person on the variables SERIAL and SERIALP. In order to create a longitudinal dataset, merge datasets on the variable HISTID.

• Households with more than 60 people in the original data were broken up for processing purposes. Every person in the large households are considered to be in their own household. The original large households can be identified using the variable SPLIT, reconstructed using the variable SPLITHID, and the original count is found in the variable SPLITNUM.

• Coded variables derived from string variables are still in progress. These variables include: occupation and industry.

• Missing observations have been allocated and some inconsistencies have been edited for the following variables: SPEAKENG, YRIMMIG, CITIZEN, AGEMARR, AGE, BPL, MBPL, FBPL, LIT, SCHOOL, OWNERSHP, FARM, EMPSTAT, OCC1950, IND1950, MTONGUE, MARST, RACE, SEX, RELATE, CLASSWKR. The flag variables indicating an allocated observation for the associated variables can be included in your extract by clicking the ‘Select data quality flags’ box on the extract summary page.

• Most inconsistent information was not edite

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA by Year: 1930; Census Place: Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Page: 7A; Enumeration District: 1078; FHL microfilm: 2341870 - .

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Swanzey, Cheshire, New Hampshire, USA by Year: 1930; Census Place: Swanzey, Cheshire, New Hampshire; Page: 7B; Enumeration District: 0029; FHL microfilm: 2341034 - .

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA by United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls. Year: 1930; Census Place: Upper Dublin, Montgomery, Pennsylvania; Page: 8A; Enumeration District: 0143; FHL microfilm: 2341819 - .

This dataset includes all individuals from the 1930 US census.

The Census Tree is the largest-ever database of record links among the historical U.S. censuses, with over 700 million links for people living in the United States between 1850 and 1940. These links allow researchers to construct a longitudinal dataset that is highly representative of the population, and that includes women, Black Americans, and other under-represented populations at unprecedented rates. Each .csv file consists of a crosswalk between the two years indicated in the filename, using the IPUMS histids. For more information, consult the included Read Me file, and visit https://censustree.org.

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Montpelier, Washington, Vermont, USA by Ancestry.com. 1930 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2002.; Year: 1930; Census Place: Montpelier, Washington, Vermont; Page: 11B; Enumeration District: 0023; FHL microfilm: 2342165; Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls. - .

This dataset includes all households from the 1930 US census.

This dataset includes variable names, variable labels, variable values, and corresponding variable value labels for the IPUMS 1930 datasets.

PERIOD: Oct. 1, 1920, Oct. 1, 1930. SOURCE: [Survey by the Statistics Bureau, Imperial Cabinet].

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Caribou, Aroostook, Maine, USA by Year: 1930; Census Place: Caribou, Aroostook, Maine; Page: 1B; Enumeration District: 0010; FHL microfilm: 2340563 - .

1930 United States Federal Census contains records from Barre, Washington, Vermont, USA by Year: 1930; Census Place: Barre, Washington, Vermont; Page: 14B; Enumeration District: 0002; FHL microfilm: 2342165 - .

PERIOD: 1930. SOURCE: [Survey by the Statistics Bureau, Imperial Cabinet].

The 1930 census. Density of the population of each municipality of the Netherlands, in the 9 groups of municipalities, the 11 provinces and the Netherlands total according to the condition of 31 December 1930. The data are derived from Part 1, Tables VII, VIII and IX.

Data available for: 1930

Status of the figures: The data in this table are final.

Changes as of 1 June 2018: None, this table has been discontinued.

When are new figures coming? No longer applicable.

The Census Tree is the largest-ever database of record links among the historical U.S. censuses, with over 700 million links for people living in the United States between 1850 and 1940. These links allow researchers to construct a longitudinal dataset that is highly representative of the population, and that includes women, Black Americans, and other under-represented populations at unprecedented rates. Each .csv file consists of a crosswalk between the two years indicated in the filename, using the IPUMS histids. For more information, consult the included Read Me file, and visit https://censustree.org.

PERIOD: Oct.1, 1920, Oct. 1, 1925. SOURCE: [Survey by the Statistics Bureau, Imperial Cabinet].

The 3rd Population Census. In order to clarify the state of Japan’s population and households, the population census has been conducted in Japan almost every five years.More details on the "Population Census of Japan" overall including other years can be found here: https://d-infra.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/Japanese/statistical-yb/b001.html. 　　　　　The census introduced separate classifications for the type of occupation and the industry of occupation.

PLURAL (Place-level urban-rural indices) is a framework to create continuous classifications of "rurality" or "urbanness" based on the spatial configuration of populated places. PLURAL makes use of the concept of "remoteness" to characterize the level of spatial isolation of a populated place with respect to its neighbors. There are two implementations of PLURAL, including (a) PLURAL-1, based on distances to the nearest places of user-specified population classes, and (b) PLURAL-2, based on neighborhood characterization derived from spatial networks. PLURAL requires simplistic input data, i.e., the coordinates (x,y) and population p of populated places (villages, towns, cities) in a given point in time. Due to its simplistic input, the PLURAL rural-urban classification scheme can be applied to historical data, as well as to data from data-scarce settings. Using the PLURAL framework, we created place-level rural-urban indices for the conterminous United States from 1930 to 2018. Rural-urban classifications are essential for analyzing geographic, demographic, environmental, and social processes across the rural-urban continuum. Most existing classifications are, however, only available at relatively aggregated spatial scales, such as at the county scale in the United States. The absence of rurality or urbanness measures at high spatial resolution poses significant problems when the process of interest is highly localized, as with the incorporation of rural towns and villages into encroaching metropolitan areas. Moreover, existing rural-urban classifications are often inconsistent over time, or require complex, multi-source input data (e.g., remote sensing observations or road network data), thus, prohibiting the longitudinal analysis of rural-urban dynamics. We developed a set of distance- and spatial-network-based methods for consistently estimating the remoteness and rurality of places at fine spatial resolution, over long periods of time. Based on these methods, we constructed indices of urbanness for 30,000 places in the United States from 1930 to 2018. We call these indices the place-level urban-rural index (PLURAL), enabling long-term, fine-grained analyses of urban and rural change in the United States. The method paper has been peer-reviewed and is published in "Landscape and Urban Planning". The PLURAL indices from 1930 to 2018 are available as CSV files, and as point-based geospatial vector data (.SHP). Moreover, we provide animated GIF files illustrating the spatio-temporal variation of the different variants of the PLURAL indices, illustrating the dynamics of the rural-urban continuum in the United States from 1930 to 2018. Apply the PLURAL rural-urban classification to your own data: Python code is fully open source and available at https://github.com/johannesuhl/plural. Data sources: Place-level population counts (1980-2010) and place locations 1930 - 2018 were obtained from IPUMS NHGIS, (University of Minnesota, www.nhgis.org; Manson et al. 2022). Place-level population counts 1930-1970 were digitized from historical census records (U.S. Census Bureau 1942, 1964). References: Uhl, J.H., Hunter, L.M., Leyk, S., Connor, D.S., Nieves, J.J., Hester, C., Talbot, C. and Gutmann, M., 2023. Place-level urban–rural indices for the United States from 1930 to 2018. Landscape and Urban Planning, 236, p.104762. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104762 Steven Manson, Jonathan Schroeder, David Van Riper, Tracy Kugler, and Steven Ruggles. IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 16.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS. 2021. http://doi.org/10.18128/D050.V16.0 U.S. Census Bureau (1942). U.S. Census of Population: 1940. Vol. I, Number of Inhabitants. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. U.S. Census Bureau (1964). U.S. Census of Population: 1960. Vol. I, Characteristics of the Population. Part I, United States Summary. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Japan Population Census: Female: Age 65 to 69 Years data was reported at 4,984,205.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,288,399.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Female: Age 65 to 69 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 1,476,220.500 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,984,205.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 678,637.000 Person in 1930. Japan Population Census: Female: Age 65 to 69 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.

Japan Population Census: Age 65 to 69 Years data was reported at 9,643,867.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,210,173.000 Person for 2010. Japan Population Census: Age 65 to 69 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 2,793,526.000 Person from Dec 1920 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,643,867.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 1,255,830.000 Person in 1930. Japan Population Census: Age 65 to 69 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistical Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.G002: Population: Annual.