The Romanian city with the most permanent residents in 2023 was Bucharest, with over 2.14 million inhabitants. Iași was the second largest city, populated by around 392.6 thousand people, followed by Cluj-Napoca and Timișoara.

This statistic shows the degree of urbanization in Romania from 2013 to 2023. Urbanization means the share of urban population in the total population of a country. In 2023, 54.67 percent of Romania's total population lived in urban areas and cities. The shrinking population of Romania About half of Romania's population lives in urban areas, with the largest city and capital Bucharest only having about 1.9 million inhabitants - not very much considering that Romania reported a population of about 20 million people in 2015. Bucharest is also significantly larger than any of the other small cities around the country, which only have close to or less than 300,000 inhabitants each. The fact that Romania has not urbanized to the same level of most developed countries is an indicator that the country is still developing. As Romania progresses, it has an important advantage over other developing nations: It is a member of the European Union, and thus has access to the European market. However, unlike other developing countries, the Romanian population is decreasing and expected to shrink by more than half a million by 2020. This is caused by a low fertility rate, which is less than the replacement rate, by emigration and by an aging population. The median age of the Romanian population is expected to increase to as high as 44 years in 2020. A contributing factor to this may be the fact that while the older generation stays in Romania, the younger people migrate to other countries within the European Union which have stronger economies and more employment opportunities than Romania.

As of January 1, 2022, the number of people younger than 18 years in Ukraine was approximately *** million. The adult population aged 18 years and older amounted to **** million, representing around ** percent of the total inhabitants. Over ** million people, or ** percent of all residents, were aged 60 years and older. What is the population of Ukraine? Ukraine is the eighth-most populated country in Europe, ranking between Poland and Romania by the number of inhabitants. In 2023, an estimated ** million people resided in Ukraine, down approximately **** million from two years prior. The population size has decreased significantly during the Russian invasion, as millions of refugees fled to other countries. Demographics of Ukraine The number of women in Ukraine exceeded that of men by approximately ***** million as of January 1, 2022. At that point, the country’s male population stood at approximately ** million. Over the past two decades, it decreased by over ***** million. The majority, or ***** out of ten Ukrainian residents, lived in cities. Both the urban and rural population saw a decline in the past 20 years.