Created for the 2023-2025 State of Black Los Angeles County (SBLA) interactive report. To learn more about this effort, please visit the report home page at https://ceo.lacounty.gov/ardi/sbla/. For more information about the purpose of this data, please contact CEO-ARDI. For more information about the configuration of this data, please contact ISD-Enterprise GIS. table name indicator name Universe timeframe source race notes source url

below_fpl_perc below 100% federal poverty level percent (%) Population for whom poverty status is determined 2016-2020 American Community Survey - S1703 Race alone; White is Non-Hispanic White https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US06037&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1703

below_200fpl_perc below 200% federal poverty level percent (%) Total population 2021 Population and Poverty Estimates of Los Angeles County Tract-City Splits by Age, Sex and Race-Ethnicity for July 1, 2021, Los Angeles, CA, April 2022 All races are Non-Hispanic LA County eGIS-Demography

median_income Median income (household) Households 2016-2020 American Community Survey - S1903 All races are Non-Hispanic; Race is that of householder https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=S1903&g=0500000US06037

percapita_income Mean Per Capita Income Total population 2016-2020 American Community Survey - S1902 Race alone; White is Non-Hispanic White https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=0500000US06037&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1902

college_degree_any College degree AA, BA, or Higher % Population 25 years and over 2021 American Community Survey - B15002B-I Race alone; White is Non-Hispanic White https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=b15002b&g=0500000US06037

graduate_professional_degree Graduate or professional degree % Population 25 years and over 2021 American Community Survey - B15002B-I Race alone; White is Non-Hispanic White https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=b15002b&g=0500000US06037

unemployment_rate Unemployment Rate Population 16 years and over 2016-2020 American Community Survey - S2301 Race alone; White is Non-Hispanic White https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=S2301%3A%20EMPLOYMENT%20STATUS&g=0500000US06037&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S2301

below_300fpl_food_insecure Percent of Households with Incomes <300% Federal Poverty Level That Are Food Insecure Percent of Households with Incomes <300% Federal Poverty Level 2018 Los Angeles County Health Survey

https://publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

below_185fpl_snap Percent of Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) with Household Incomes <185% Federal Poverty Level Who Are Currently Receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Also Known as Calfresh Adults (Ages 18 Years and Older) with Household Incomes <185% Federal Poverty Level Los Angeles County Health Survey 20182018 https://publichealth.lacounty.gov/ha/LACHSDataTopics2018.htm

B24010 Sex by Occupation for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over Civilian employed population 16 years and over

VITAL SIGNS INDICATOR
Poverty (EQ5)

FULL MEASURE NAME
The share of the population living in households that earn less than 200 percent of the federal poverty limit

LAST UPDATED
January 2023

DESCRIPTION
Poverty refers to the share of the population living in households that earn less than 200 percent of the federal poverty limit, which varies based on the number of individuals in a given household. It reflects the number of individuals who are economically struggling due to low household income levels.

DATA SOURCE
U.S Census Bureau: Decennial Census - http://www.nhgis.org
1980-2000

U.S. Census Bureau: American Community Survey - https://data.census.gov/
2007-2021
Form C17002

CONTACT INFORMATION
vitalsigns.info@mtc.ca.gov

METHODOLOGY NOTES (across all datasets for this indicator)
The U.S. Census Bureau defines a national poverty level (or household income) that varies by household size, number of children in a household, and age of householder. The national poverty level does not vary geographically even though cost of living is different across the United States. For the Bay Area, where cost of living is high and incomes are correspondingly high, an appropriate poverty level is 200% of poverty or twice the national poverty level, consistent with what was used for past equity work at MTC and ABAG. For comparison, however, both the national and 200% poverty levels are presented.

For Vital Signs, the poverty rate is defined as the number of people (including children) living below twice the poverty level divided by the number of people for whom poverty status is determined. The household income definitions for poverty change each year to reflect inflation. The official poverty definition uses money income before taxes and does not include capital gains or non-cash benefits (such as public housing, Medicaid and food stamps).

For the national poverty level definitions by year, see: US Census Bureau Poverty Thresholds - https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html.

For an explanation on how the Census Bureau measures poverty, see: How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty - https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html.

American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year data is used for larger geographies – Bay counties and most metropolitan area counties – while smaller geographies rely upon 5-year rolling average data due to their smaller sample sizes. Note that 2020 data uses the 5-year estimates because the ACS did not collect 1-year data for 2020.

To be consistent across metropolitan areas, the poverty definition for non-Bay Area metros is twice the national poverty level. Data were not adjusted for varying income and cost of living levels across the metropolitan areas.

This layer is part of source data for the State of Poverty 2018-2022 Los Angeles County Dashboard.Layers include estimates of total population and population in poverty by demographics at each geography level in LA County.Source: Annual Population and Poverty Estimation, Los Angeles County ISD-Demography.Datasets for all years available in the State of Poverty dashboard:PAI Poverty Map Data 2018PAI Poverty Map Data 2019PAI Poverty Map Data 2020PAI Poverty Map Data 2021PAI Poverty Map Data 2022 Included Boundary LayersSplit Census TractsCensus TractsCountywide Statistical Areas (CSA)Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA)Service Planning Area (SPA)Supervisor District (SD)Los Angeles County Split Census Tract and CSA boundaries correspond to the year of the population and poverty estimates (2021). Census Tract, PUMA, SPA, SD, and county boundaries are current as of 2020 US Census. Field NamesPlease see Field Aliases for detailed field names.Field name logic:1st character Race/Ethnicityt = Totala = Asianb = Black or African Americanh = Hispanic or Latinoi = American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN)p = Pacific Islanderw = White2nd character Gendert = Totalf = Femalem = Male3-4th characters Year2-digit year (2018-22)Possible 5th character Poverty Level (%FPL)a = Below 100% FPLd = Below 200% FPLg = Below 266% FPLRemaining characters after underscoret = Total (all ages)

VITAL SIGNS INDICATOR
Poverty (EQ5)

FULL MEASURE NAME
The share of the population living in households that earn less than 200 percent of the federal poverty limit

LAST UPDATED
January 2023

DESCRIPTION
Poverty refers to the share of the population living in households that earn less than 200 percent of the federal poverty limit, which varies based on the number of individuals in a given household. It reflects the number of individuals who are economically struggling due to low household income levels.

DATA SOURCE
U.S Census Bureau: Decennial Census - http://www.nhgis.org
1980-2000

U.S. Census Bureau: American Community Survey - https://data.census.gov/
2007-2021
Form C17002

CONTACT INFORMATION
vitalsigns.info@mtc.ca.gov

METHODOLOGY NOTES (across all datasets for this indicator)
The U.S. Census Bureau defines a national poverty level (or household income) that varies by household size, number of children in a household, and age of householder. The national poverty level does not vary geographically even though cost of living is different across the United States. For the Bay Area, where cost of living is high and incomes are correspondingly high, an appropriate poverty level is 200% of poverty or twice the national poverty level, consistent with what was used for past equity work at MTC and ABAG. For comparison, however, both the national and 200% poverty levels are presented.

For Vital Signs, the poverty rate is defined as the number of people (including children) living below twice the poverty level divided by the number of people for whom poverty status is determined. The household income definitions for poverty change each year to reflect inflation. The official poverty definition uses money income before taxes and does not include capital gains or non-cash benefits (such as public housing, Medicaid and food stamps).

For the national poverty level definitions by year, see: US Census Bureau Poverty Thresholds - https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html.

For an explanation on how the Census Bureau measures poverty, see: How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty - https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html.

American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year data is used for larger geographies – Bay counties and most metropolitan area counties – while smaller geographies rely upon 5-year rolling average data due to their smaller sample sizes. Note that 2020 data uses the 5-year estimates because the ACS did not collect 1-year data for 2020.

To be consistent across metropolitan areas, the poverty definition for non-Bay Area metros is twice the national poverty level. Data were not adjusted for varying income and cost of living levels across the metropolitan areas.

In 2023, the around 11.1 percent of the population was living below the national poverty line in the United States. Poverty in the United StatesAs shown in the statistic above, the poverty rate among all people living in the United States has shifted within the last 15 years. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines poverty as follows: “Absolute poverty measures poverty in relation to the amount of money necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. The concept of absolute poverty is not concerned with broader quality of life issues or with the overall level of inequality in society.” The poverty rate in the United States varies widely across different ethnic groups. American Indians and Alaska Natives are the ethnic group with the most people living in poverty in 2022, with about 25 percent of the population earning an income below the poverty line. In comparison to that, only 8.6 percent of the White (non-Hispanic) population and the Asian population were living below the poverty line in 2022. Children are one of the most poverty endangered population groups in the U.S. between 1990 and 2022. Child poverty peaked in 1993 with 22.7 percent of children living in poverty in that year in the United States. Between 2000 and 2010, the child poverty rate in the United States was increasing every year; however,this rate was down to 15 percent in 2022. The number of people living in poverty in the U.S. varies from state to state. Compared to California, where about 4.44 million people were living in poverty in 2022, the state of Minnesota had about 429,000 people living in poverty.

This dataset contains details about income below 200 percent of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) in King County by Health Reporting Area (HRA) for 2021. It has been developed for the Determinant of Equity - Jobs and Jobs Training presentation. It includes information about Poverty Rate equity indicator. Fields describe the total population for whom poverty status is determined (Denominator), population below 200% of FPL (Numerator), the type of equity indicator being measured (Indicator), and the value that describes this measurement (Indicator Value).

For more information about King County's equity efforts, please see:

Equity, Racial & Social Justice Vision Ordinance 16948 describing the determinates of equity Determinants of Equity and Data Tool

This layer is part of source data for the State of Poverty 2018-2022 Los Angeles County Dashboard.Layers include estimates of total population and population in poverty by demographics at each geography level in LA County.Source: Annual Population and Poverty Estimation, Los Angeles County ISD-Demography.Datasets for all years available in the State of Poverty dashboard:PAI Poverty Map Data 2018PAI Poverty Map Data 2019PAI Poverty Map Data 2020PAI Poverty Map Data 2021PAI Poverty Map Data 2022 Included Boundary LayersSplit Census TractsCensus TractsCountywide Statistical Areas (CSA)Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA)Service Planning Area (SPA)Supervisor District (SD)Los Angeles County Split Census Tract and CSA boundaries correspond to the year of the population and poverty estimates (2021). Census Tract, PUMA, SPA, SD, and county boundaries are current as of 2020 US Census. Field NamesPlease see Field Aliases for detailed field names.Field name logic:1st character Race/Ethnicityt = Totala = Asianb = Black or African Americanh = Hispanic or Latinoi = American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN)p = Pacific Islanderw = White2nd character Gendert = Totalf = Femalem = Male3-4th characters Year2-digit year (2018-22)Possible 5th character Poverty Level (%FPL)a = Below 100% FPLd = Below 200% FPLg = Below 266% FPLRemaining characters after underscoret = Total (all ages)

This layer is part of source data for the State of Poverty 2018-2022 Los Angeles County Dashboard.Layers include estimates of total population and population in poverty by demographics at each geography level in LA County.Source: Annual Population and Poverty Estimation, Los Angeles County ISD-Demography.Datasets for all years available in the State of Poverty dashboard:PAI Poverty Map Data 2018PAI Poverty Map Data 2019PAI Poverty Map Data 2020PAI Poverty Map Data 2021PAI Poverty Map Data 2022 Included Boundary LayersSplit Census TractsCensus TractsCountywide Statistical Areas (CSA)Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA)Service Planning Area (SPA)Supervisor District (SD)Los Angeles County Split Census Tract and CSA boundaries correspond to the year of the population and poverty estimates (2021). Census Tract, PUMA, SPA, SD, and county boundaries are current as of 2020 US Census. Field NamesPlease see Field Aliases for detailed field names.Field name logic:1st character Race/Ethnicityt = Totala = Asianb = Black or African Americanh = Hispanic or Latinoi = American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN)p = Pacific Islanderw = White2nd character Gendert = Totalf = Femalem = Male3-4th characters Year2-digit year (2018-22)Possible 5th character Poverty Level (%FPL)a = Below 100% FPLd = Below 200% FPLg = Below 266% FPLRemaining characters after underscoret = Total (all ages)

Environmental Justice Block Groups 2021 was created from Connecticut block group boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The poverty data used to determine which block groups qualified as EJ communities (see CT State statute 22a-20a) was based on the Census Bureau's 2019 ACS 5-year estimate- Table C17002. This poverty data was joined with the block group boundaries in ArcMap. Block groups in which the percent of the population below 200% of the federal poverty level was greater than or equal to 30.0 were selected and the resulting selection was exported as a new shapefile. The block groups were then clipped so that only those block groups outside of distressed municipalities were displayed. Maintenance – This layer will be updated annually and will coincide with the annual distressed municipalities update (around August/September). The latest ACS 5-year estimate data should be used to update this layer. Environmental Justice Distressed Municipalities 2021 was created from Connecticut town boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles (County Subdivisions). From this shapefile, "select by attribute" was used to select the distressed municipalities by town name (note: the list of 2021 distressed municipalities was provided by the CT Department of Economic and Community Development). The selection was then exported a new shapefile. The “Union” tool was used to unite the new shapefile with tribal lands (American Indian Area Geography) boundary data from the 2019 TIGER/Line files. In the resulting layer, the tribal lands were deleted so only the distressed municipalities remained. Maintenance – This layer will be updated annually when the DECD produces its new list of distressed municipalities (around August/September).

Analysis of ‘Environmental Justice Distressed Municipalities 2021’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/eabdfeeb-86f2-4c81-a6c5-654be73ff108 on 27 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Environmental Justice Block Groups 2021 was created from Connecticut block group boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The poverty data used to determine which block groups qualified as EJ communities (see CT State statute 22a-20a) was based on the Census Bureau's 2019 ACS 5-year estimate- Table C17002. This poverty data was joined with the block group boundaries in ArcMap. Block groups in which the percent of the population below 200% of the federal poverty level was greater than or equal to 30.0 were selected and the resulting selection was exported as a new shapefile. The block groups were then clipped so that only those block groups outside of distressed municipalities were displayed. Maintenance – This layer will be updated annually and will coincide with the annual distressed municipalities update (around August/September). The latest ACS 5-year estimate data should be used to update this layer.

Environmental Justice Distressed Municipalities 2021 was created from Connecticut town boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles (County Subdivisions).

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

This layer is part of source data for the State of Poverty 2018-2022 Los Angeles County Dashboard.Layers include estimates of total population and population in poverty by demographics at each geography level in LA County.Source: Annual Population and Poverty Estimation, Los Angeles County ISD-Demography.Datasets for all years available in the State of Poverty dashboard:PAI Poverty Map Data 2018PAI Poverty Map Data 2019PAI Poverty Map Data 2020PAI Poverty Map Data 2021PAI Poverty Map Data 2022 Included Boundary LayersSplit Census TractsCensus TractsCountywide Statistical Areas (CSA)Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA)Service Planning Area (SPA)Supervisor District (SD)Los Angeles County Split Census Tract and CSA boundaries correspond to the year of the population and poverty estimates (2021). Census Tract, PUMA, SPA, SD, and county boundaries are current as of 2020 US Census. Field NamesPlease see Field Aliases for detailed field names.Field name logic:1st character Race/Ethnicityt = Totala = Asianb = Black or African Americanh = Hispanic or Latinoi = American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN)p = Pacific Islanderw = White2nd character Gendert = Totalf = Femalem = Male3-4th characters Year2-digit year (2018-22)Possible 5th character Poverty Level (%FPL)a = Below 100% FPLd = Below 200% FPLg = Below 266% FPLRemaining characters after underscoret = Total (all ages)

Analysis of ‘Environmental Justice Block Groups 2021’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/cda5daec-4128-4d0c-9871-8669675e0f64 on 27 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Environmental Justice Block Groups 2021 was created from Connecticut block group boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The poverty data used to determine which block groups qualified as EJ communities (see CT State statute 22a-20a) was based on the Census Bureau's 2019 ACS 5-year estimate- Table C17002. This poverty data was joined with the block group boundaries in ArcMap. Block groups in which the percent of the population below 200% of the federal poverty level was greater than or equal to 30.0 were selected and the resulting selection was exported as a new shapefile. The block groups were then clipped so that only those block groups outside of distressed municipalities were displayed. Maintenance – This layer will be updated annually and will coincide with the annual distressed municipalities update (around August/September). The latest ACS 5-year estimate data should be used to update this layer.

Environmental Justice Distressed Municipalities 2021 was created from Connecticut town boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2019 TIGER/Line Shapefiles (County Subdivisions).

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

Environmental Justice Block Groups 2023 was created from Connecticut block group boundary data located in the Census Bureau's 2022 TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The poverty data used to determine which block groups qualified as EJ communities (see CT State statute 22a-20a) was based on the Census Bureau's 2021 ACS 5-year estimate. This poverty data was joined with the block group boundaries in ArcPro. Block groups in which the percent of the population below 200% of the federal poverty level was greater than or equal to 30.0 were selected and exported as a new feature class. Data for percent population minority and percent households that have limited English proficiency from the Census Bureau's 2021 ACS 5-year estimate were then added to the remaining block groups.

This archived dataset displays disproportionately impacted communities as defined by the demographic criteria listed in the Environmental Justice Act (HB21-1266), which are census block groups where greater than 40% of households are 1) low income, 2) housing cost-burdened, or 3) include people of color. This version of the map was effective from September 2021 to January 22, 2023. The disproportionately impacted community map layer was updated on January 23, 2023 to include census block groups with an EnviroScreen score over the 80th percentile. These areas reflect another criteria listed in the Environmental Justice Act for identifying disproportionately impacted communities based on cumulative environmental impacts. The Environmental Justice Action Task Force recommended using 80th percentile EnviroScreen scores to identify areas that meet this statutory criteria in its Final Recommendations published in November 2022. The updated map layer can be viewed and accessed through Colorado EnviroScreen. NOTE: Areas under the jurisdiction of the Southern Ute Indian Tribe and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe are not displayed on this map, pending further consultation with each sovereign tribal government.Footnotes:+ All data come from the American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2015-2019.+ Low income households are defined as households at or living below 200% of the federal poverty level.+ Percent people of color is defined as the percent of the population that is not non-Hispanic white+ Housing burden is defined as housing costs exceeding 30% of income. This measure is only available at the census tract level, so all block groups within a census tract received the census tract-level value.This is an archived map layer that CDPHE used to identify disproportionately impacted communities based on three demographic factors identified in the Environmental Justice Act (HB21-1266) from September 2021-January 22, 2023. It specifically identifies communities where more than 40% of the population is low-income, housing cost-burdened, or identifies as minority. CDPHE has added additional information on communities with cumulative impacts through the Colorado EnviroScreen project. Colorado EnviroScreen is the sole tool for identifying disproportionately impacted communities pursuant to the statutory definition after it is released. CDPHE will periodically update the tool, and the Air Quality Control Commission will undertake formal rulemakings to update the definition of Disproportionately Impacted Community at least every three years. Additionally, the Environmental Justice Action Task Force may recommend changes to the statutory definition of the Disproportionately Impacted Community to the legislature. If you have questions about these processes, please email cdphe_ej@state.co.us.

This layer is part of source data for the State of Poverty 2018-2022 Los Angeles County Dashboard.Layers include estimates of total population and population in poverty by demographics at each geography level in LA County.Source: Annual Population and Poverty Estimation, Los Angeles County ISD-Demography.Datasets for all years available in the State of Poverty dashboard:PAI Poverty Map Data 2018PAI Poverty Map Data 2019PAI Poverty Map Data 2020PAI Poverty Map Data 2021PAI Poverty Map Data 2022 Included Boundary LayersSplit Census TractsCensus TractsCountywide Statistical Areas (CSA)Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA)Service Planning Area (SPA)Supervisor District (SD)Los Angeles County Split Census Tract and CSA boundaries correspond to the year of the population and poverty estimates (2021). Census Tract, PUMA, SPA, SD, and county boundaries are current as of 2020 US Census. Field NamesPlease see Field Aliases for detailed field names.Field name logic:1st character Race/Ethnicityt = Totala = Asianb = Black or African Americanh = Hispanic or Latinoi = American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN)p = Pacific Islanderw = White2nd character Gendert = Totalf = Femalem = Male3-4th characters Year2-digit year (2018-22)Possible 5th character Poverty Level (%FPL)a = Below 100% FPLd = Below 200% FPLg = Below 266% FPLRemaining characters after underscoret = Total (all ages)

Low income cut-offs (LICOs) before and after tax by community size and family size, in current dollars, annual.