Hydrogen demand in the United States is projected to reach up to ** million metric tons by 2050, considering an ambitious deployment scenario. In the ambitious scenario outlook, hydrogen demand will be largely driven by its use as transportation fuel. Transportation fuel consumption could be as high as ** million metric tons per year, should hydrogen be promoted as an economic growth driver on a federal level.

United States US: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data was reported at 0.450 % in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.450 % for 2049. United States US: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 0.700 % from Jun 2001 (Median) to 2050, with 50 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.980 % in 2006 and a record low of 0.450 % in 2050. United States US: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

The sea level rise (SLR) coastal inundation layers were created using existing federal products: the (1) NOAA Coastal Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and (2) 2022 Interagency Sea Level Rise Technical Report Data Files. The DEMs for the Continental United States (CONUS) are provided in North American Vertical Datum 1988 (NAVD 88) and were converted to Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) using the NOAA VDatum conversion surfaces; the elevation values are in meters (m). The NOAA Scenarios of Future Mean Sea Level are provided in centimeters (cm). The MHHW DEMs for CONUS were merged and converted to cm and Scenarios of Future Mean Sea Level were subtracted from the merged DEM. Values below 0 represent areas that are below sea level and are “remapped” to 1, all values above 0 are remapped to “No Data”, creating a map that shows only areas impacted by SLR. Areas protected by levees in Louisiana and Texas were then masked or removed from the results. This was done for each of the emissions scenarios (Lower Emissions = 2022 Intermediate SLR Scenario Higher Emissions = 2022 Intermediate High SLR Scenario) at each of the mapped time intervals (Early Century - Year 2030, Middle Century - Year 2050, and Late Century - Year 2090). The resulting maps are displayed in the CMRA Assessment Tool. County, tract, and tribal geographies summaries of percentage SLR inundation were also calculated using Zonal Statistics tools. The Sea Level Rise Scenario year 2020 is considered “baseline” and the impacts are calculated by subtracting the baseline value from each of the near-term, mid-term and long-term timeframes. General Disclaimer The data and maps in this tool illustrate the scale of potential flooding, not the exact location, and do not account for erosion, subsidence, or future construction. Water levels are relative to Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) (excludes wind driven tides). The data, maps, and information provided should be used only as a screening-level tool for management decisions. As with all remotely sensed data, all features should be verified with a site visit. Hydroconnectivity was not considered in the mapping process. The data and maps in this tool are provided “as is,” without warranty to their performance, merchantable state, or fitness for any particular purpose. The entire risk associated with the results and performance of these data is assumed by the user. This tool should be used strictly as a planning reference tool and not for navigation, permitting, or other legal purposes. SLR visualizations and statistics are not available in CMRA for Hawaii, Alaska, or U.S. territories at this time. Levees Disclaimer Enclosed levee areas are displayed as gray areas on the maps. Major federal leveed areas were assumed high enough and strong enough to protect against inundation depicted in this viewer, and therefore no inundation was mapped in these regions. Major federal leveed areas were taken from the National Levee Database. Minor (nonfederal) leveed areas were mapped using the best available elevation data that capture leveed features. In some cases, however, breaks in elevation occur along leveed areas because of flood control features being removed from elevation data, limitations of the horizontal and vertical resolution of the elevation data, the occurrence of levee drainage features, and so forth. Flooding behind levees is only depicted if breaks in elevation data occur or if the levee elevations are overtopped by the water surface. At some flood levels, alternate pathways around—not through—levees, walls, dams, and flood gates may exist that allow water to flow into areas protected at lower levels. In general, imperfect levee and elevation data make assessing protection difficult, and small data errors can have large consequences. Citations 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report - Sweet, W.V., B.D. Hamlington, R.E. Kopp, C.P. Weaver, P.L. Barnard, D. Bekaert, W. Brooks, M. Craghan, G. Dusek, T. Frederikse, G. Garner, A.S. Genz, J.P. Krasting, E. Larour, D. Marcy, J.J. Marra, J. Obeysekera, M. Osler, M. Pendleton, D. Roman, L. Schmied, W. Veatch, K.D. White, and C. Zuzak, 2022: Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States: Updated Mean Projections and Extreme Water Level Probabilities Along U.S. Coastlines. NOAA Technical Report NOS 01. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Silver Spring, MD, 111 pp. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/hazards/sealevelrise/noaa-nostechrpt01-global-regional-SLR-scenarios-US.pdf

In 2023, about 17.7 percent of the American population was 65 years old or over; an increase from the last few years and a figure which is expected to reach 22.8 percent by 2050. This is a significant increase from 1950, when only eight percent of the population was 65 or over. A rapidly aging population In recent years, the aging population of the United States has come into focus as a cause for concern, as the nature of work and retirement is expected to change to keep up. If a population is expected to live longer than the generations before, the economy will have to change as well to fulfill the needs of the citizens. In addition, the birth rate in the U.S. has been falling over the last 20 years, meaning that there are not as many young people to replace the individuals leaving the workforce. The future population It’s not only the American population that is aging -- the global population is, too. By 2025, the median age of the global workforce is expected to be 39.6 years, up from 33.8 years in 1990. Additionally, it is projected that there will be over three million people worldwide aged 100 years and over by 2050.

The 2018 edition of Woods and Poole Complete U.S. Database provides annual historical data from 1970 (some variables begin in 1990) and annual projections to 2050 of population by race, sex, and age, employment by industry, earnings of employees by industry, personal income by source, households by income bracket and retail sales by kind of business. The Complete U.S. Database contains annual data for all economic and demographic variables for all geographic areas in the Woods & Poole database (the U.S. total, and all regions, states, counties, and CBSAs). The Complete U.S. Database has following components: Demographic & Economic Desktop Data Files: There are 122 files covering demographic and economic data. The first 31 files (WP001.csv – WP031.csv) cover demographic data. The remaining files (WP032.csv – WP122.csv) cover economic data. Demographic DDFs: Provide population data for the U.S., regions, states, Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs), Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), Micropolitan Statistical Areas (MICROs), Metropolitan Divisions (MDIVs), and counties. Each variable is in a separate .csv file. Variables: Total Population Population Age (breakdown: 0-4, 5-9, 10-15 etc. all the way to 85 & over) Median Age of Population White Population Population Native American Population Asian & Pacific Islander Population Hispanic Population, any Race Total Population Age (breakdown: 0-17, 15-17, 18-24, 65 & over) Male Population Female Population Economic DDFs: The other files (WP032.csv – WP122.csv) provide employment and income data on: Total Employment (by industry) Total Earnings of Employees (by industry) Total Personal Income (by source) Household income (by brackets) Total Retail & Food Services Sales ( by industry) Net Earnings Gross Regional Product Retail Sales per Household Economic & Demographic Flat File: A single file for total number of people by single year of age (from 0 to 85 and over), race, and gender. It covers all U.S., regions, states, CSAs, MSAs and counties. Years of coverage: 1990 - 2050 Single Year of Age by Race and Gender: Separate files for number of people by single year of age (from 0 years to 85 years and over), race (White, Black, Native American, Asian American & Pacific Islander and Hispanic) and gender. Years of coverage: 1990 through 2050. DATA AVAILABLE FOR 1970-2019; FORECASTS THROUGH 2050

The American Trends Panel (ATP), created by Pew Research Center, is a nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. Panelists participate via self-administered web surveys. Panelists who do not have internet access at home are provided with a tablet and wireless internet connection. Interviews are conducted in both English and Spanish. The panel is being managed by Ipsos. The ATP Wave 41 focuses on views of America in 2050.

In total, 2,524 ATP members (both English- and Spanish-language survey-takers) completed the Wave 41 survey. Survey weights were provided for the total responding sample. The margin of sampling error for weighted estimates based on the full sample is +/- 2.51 percentage points.

This dataset contains the indicators included in the OneNYC 2050 Strategic Plan that will be used to assess progress in achieving the eight overreaching goals of the plan: (1) Vibrant Democracy; (2) Inclusive Economy; (3) Thriving Neighborhoods; (4) Healthy Lives; (5) Equity and Excellence in Education; (6) Livable Climate; (7) Efficient Mobility; and (8) Modern Infrastructure. Each line of data provides the goal, the relevant sub-initiative, the indicator, the baseline year and value for the indicator and the goal. Data is collected by the Mayor’s Office of Operations from the relevant agency.

United States US: Fertility Rate: per Woman data was reported at 1.860 NA in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.860 NA for 2049. United States US: Fertility Rate: per Woman data is updated yearly, averaging 1.870 NA from Jun 2010 (Median) to 2050, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.060 NA in 2012 and a record low of 1.860 NA in 2050. United States US: Fertility Rate: per Woman data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

The statistic depicts U.S. health expenditure as a percentage of the GDP from 2007 to 2009, and a forecast for 2050. In 2009, U.S. health expenditure accounted for 18 percent of the GDP.

This Excel spreadsheet is the primary output from the "county controls" development process. It includes forecasts of overall population for counties in the MORPC 15-county region in five-year intervals in the forecast horizon, as well as forecasts of housing, jobs, workers, and other variables related to these. It is updated approximately every four years in conjunction with updates to the Metropolitan Transportation Plan land use model (1), however it is also made available to the public as a standalone resource via the MORPC Population Hub (2). Referring to the MORPC Data User Personas (3), it includes summary tables intended for use by Engaged Elaine, Decisive Delaney, and Hopeful Hadiya, and a machine-readable long-form table intended for use by Savvy Sonja, Specialist Samir, and Coding Corey. The forecasts are produced using a proprietary time series model using historical population data from the U.S. Census Population Estimates Program (4) and various sources of contemporary data. A detailed methods document has not been released as of March 2023, however more information is available upon request.(1) MORPC Metropolitan Transportation Plan Appendix A: Future Land Use, p. v, https://www.morpc.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/A_LandUse.pdf(2) MORPC Population Resource Hub: County Forecasts, https://www.morpc.org/popforecast(3) MORPC Data User Personas, https://www.morpc.org/tool-resource/data-user-personas/(4) Population Estimates Program, U.S. Census, https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest.html

Statistics such as the 99th percentile are useful for identifying and providing context for local extremes. The maximum daily temperatures across the United States were analyzed from 1976-2005. The top 1% of the warmest average daily values per year were used as a baseline to compare future temperatures in 2036-2065. This layer shows the number of days that daily high temperatures are expected to exceed those top 1% of the historic values. This information is sourced from the high resolution LOCA climate models used in the 4th National Climate Assessment. Specifically, we are showing the number of days under a high CO2 emissions scenario (RCP 8.5). The original 6.5 km resolution gridded data was summarized into means for each county in the U.S. Original data can be downloaded from the LOCA-Viewer, maintained by NOAA and the US Global Climate Research Program.

Future Mean Monthly High Water (MMHW) projections for the 2050s from the New York City Panel on Climate Change (2019).

United States US: Crude Birth Rate: per 1000 Persons data was reported at 11.100 NA in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 11.100 NA for 2049. United States US: Crude Birth Rate: per 1000 Persons data is updated yearly, averaging 12.050 NA from Jun 2001 (Median) to 2050, with 50 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.300 NA in 2007 and a record low of 11.100 NA in 2050. United States US: Crude Birth Rate: per 1000 Persons data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Sea level rise projections for New York City in the 2050s from the New York City Panel on Climate Change (2019).

The average level of the ocean has been rising since we started measuring and recording this data. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA), since 1900 the global mean sea level has risen more than 200 millimeters (nearly 8 inches) and nearly half of that increase has occurred since 1993 in a concerning change in rate of rise.Sea level rise is one of the many effects of global warming. Scientists attribute sea level rise to two things, melting ice and increased ocean water temperatures. Increasing air temperatures, particularly in the polar regions, has encouraged the melting of land-based ice reserves such as glaciers, ice sheets, and permafrost. Historically, warm season ice melt was balanced by replenishment during the cold season but warming temperatures have created conditions where melting exceeds the buildup of ice. This water flows through rivers and streams to the ocean in quantities sufficient to contribute to sea level rise.Oceans are also massive heat sinks. They pull large quantities of atmospheric heat and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and store it in the ocean. The sea changes temperature much more slowly than the air and over time ocean temperatures have continued to build. As the ocean water warms it expands causing the sea levels to rise.Sea levels are not rising equally across Earth. Some areas are already experiencing significant impacts due to the rising water levels while others have seen minimal changes. This is due to a variety of reasons. First, despite how it is typically illustrated Earth is not perfectly round so the height of the ocean at any given point varies. This can be due to the Earth’s rotation, ocean currents, or prevailing wind speed and direction.Experts consider sea level rise and urgent climatic threat. Many low-lying places such as islands and coastal areas are already experiencing high waters. Higher waters also make storms such as hurricanes more dangerous due to higher storm surges and flooding. As coastlines could lose key infrastructure, land will become uninhabitable, and many people could lose their livelihoods. It is estimated 10 percent of the world’s population could be impacted as the waters rise. Many of the approximately 770 million people could be forced to migrate to higher ground, or in the case of island countries, such as Kiribati, to new countries once theirs sinks below the sea.This map was created with data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NASA, and the United States Geological Survey. Experts used an elevation data and the NOAA model Scenarios of Future Mean Seal Level to illustrate the scale of potential coastal flooding. The mapmaker chose to remove levees from the data, so the areas flooded include places, particularly in the states of Texas and Louisiana, that are presently protected by this infrastructure. It is important to note that these are possible outcomes. This model does not include possible erosion, subsidence, or construction that may occur between 2022 when this data was created and 2030, 2050, or 2090 respectively. While models are powerful tools it is difficult to calculate every aspect that shapes our environment.Learn more about how coastal communities are impacted by sea level rise with this StoryMap by NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management, The King Tides Project: Snap the shore, See the Future.

A dataset of modeled nearshore water levels (WLs) was developed for three states (Virginia, Georgia, and Florida) along the U.S. Atlantic coast. Water levels, defined for this dataset as the linear sum of tides and non-tidal residuals (NTR), were produced by Muis and others (2016) using a global tide and surge model (GTSM) forced by global atmospheric fields. Water level outputs were extracted from the global grid at approximately 20 km resolution along the Atlantic coastline. These data were then statistically downscaled using a signal-specific set of corrections to improve skill in comparison to tide gauge observations (Parker and others, 2023). Projected water levels were forced by CMIP6 future period data. Four CMIP6 climate models were selected from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison project (highresMIP; Haarsma and others, 2016) to sample variability in climate predictions. Similar modeled data for North Carolina and South Carolina are available from Barnard and others, 2023, at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W91314)

An estimated 662 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity is expected to be generated from coal in the United States in 2025. The U.S. production of power from this fossil fuel is projected to decrease to just seven billion kilowatt-hours by 2050.

In 2050, electricity generation from wood and other biomass in the United States is projected to be around 10.8 billion kilowatt hours. This figure represents a decrease of about 15 percent compared to the power generation from this source in 2021.

These raster datasets are derived from output of the Massachusetts Coast Flood Risk Model (MC-FRM) for Present Day - defined by the tidal epoch centered on 2008 (1999 to 2017), 2030, 2050, and 2070 sea level rise and coastal storm simulations as described in the report "Assessing the vulnerability of MassDOT’s coastal transportation systems to future sea level rise and coastal storms, and developing conceptual adaptation strategies" (2020). For each of these four sea level conditions the model output is provided as four separate raster datasets: (1) coastal flood exceedance probabilities (CFEP), (2) flood depths for 1% CFEP, (3) flood depths for 0.5% CFEP, and (4) flood depths for 0.1% CFEP. Details of the project and model are described in the final project report cited herein (Bosma, et. al., 2020).

This is the 100-Year Floodplain for the 2050s based on FEMA's Preliminary Work Map data and the New York Panel on Climate Change's 90th Percentile Projects for Sea-Level Rise (31 inches). Please see the Disclaimer PDF for more information. Data Provided by the Mayor's Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability (OLTPS) on behalf of CUNY Institute for Sustainable Cities (CISC) and the New York Panel on Climate Change (NPCC).