This statistic shows the ten biggest cities in Canada in 2020, by number of inhabitants. In 2020, approximately 2.73 million people lived in Toronto, making it the biggest city in Canada.

Overview of educational characteristics for Canada, provinces, territories and cities, with percent distribution of fields of study.

Canada's largest metropolitan area is Toronto, in Ontario. In 2022. Over 6.6 million people were living in the Toronto metropolitan area. Montréal, in Quebec, followed with about 4.4 million inhabitants, while Vancouver, in Britsh Columbia, counted 2.8 million people as of 2022.

The City of Montreal assesses the level of satisfaction of citizens with municipal services. A first wave of satisfaction surveys took place in the fall of 2014. The City of Montreal's satisfaction study includes four surveys. This set aims to compare the quality of services and certain perceptions between the City of Montreal and the eight (8) other major municipalities in Quebec. The City of Montreal satisfaction study includes three satisfaction surveys conducted among Montreal citizens, as well as a satisfaction survey among businesses in the City of Montreal: 1. Survey of citizen satisfaction with collective and individual services; 2. Survey of citizen satisfaction with telephone service 311; 3. Satisfaction survey among citizens of the nine largest municipalities in Quebec; 4. Survey of satisfaction of businesses with regard to collective and individual services. ### Objectives of the survey: - Evaluate indicators relating to Montreal's reputation in comparison with the eight other major municipalities in Quebec; - Evaluate the satisfaction of municipalities with certain municipal services.

This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (247 items: Carbonear; Newfoundland and Labrador; Corner Brook; Newfoundland and Labrador; Grand Falls-Windsor; Newfoundland and Labrador; Gander; Newfoundland and Labrador ...), Type of structure (4 items: Apartment structures of three units and over; Apartment structures of six units and over; Row and apartment structures of three units and over; Row structures of three units and over ...), Type of unit (4 items: Two bedroom units; Three bedroom units; One bedroom units; Bachelor units ...).

Canada's urban population now accounts for over 80 percent of it's total population. Canada's urbanization rate has increased steadily in recent years, as technological advancements have lowered the labor demand in the agriculture and energy sectors, while Canada's service industries have grown. The vast majority of Canada's population lives in the south, with over half the population found in the southeast between Quebec City and the Great Lakes region.

Estimated number of persons by quarter of a year and by year, Canada, provinces and territories.

In 2022, Canada had a population density of about 4.43 people per square kilometer. The country has one of the lowest population densities in the world, as the total population is very small in relation to the dimensions of the land. Canada has a relatively stable population size, consistently with a growth of around one percent compared to the previous year. A small population in a large territory In terms of total area, Canada is the second largest country in the world. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Pacific to the Atlantic and northward to the Arctic Ocean, and this in total covers about 9.9 million square miles. The most densely populated area of Canada is what’s known as the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. Canada has a degree of urbanization of around 81 percent, because most Canadians prefer to live in cities where opportunities for work and leisure are in close proximity to each other and conditions are less rough.

This dataset contains spatial and temporal data on urban parks and their usage in Toronto, Canada. It was used to examine how anonymized mobility data from Mapbox can help identify and reduce inequality in the availability and use of green spaces. The dataset consists of four files:Toronto 2021 Census.shp: A shapefile that contains census data for the park catchments in Toronto, including variables such as housing density and car ownership.greenSpaceActivityWithWeather.csv: A spreadsheet that contains the daily Mapbox activity value for each park, as well as the average temperature and total precipitation from local weather stations.Simplified Large Parks.shp: A shapefile that contains the polygons of the target parks used in the study, which are larger than 10 hectares and have more than 1000 visits per year.Park amenities.csv: A spreadsheet that contains the amenities available in each park, such as sports fields, transportation options, gardens, and playgrounds.The dataset supports a manuscript published in People and Nature titled: “Using anonymized mobility data to reduce inequality in the availability and use of urban parks”. The manuscript presents the methods and results of the analysis, as well as the implications and recommendations for urban planning and policy.

The map title is Yellowknife. Tactile map scale. 1.7 centimetres = 4 kilometres North arrow pointing to the north. Yellowknife and surrounding area. Main roads. Lakes. Airport. Tactile maps are designed with Braille, large text, and raised features for visually impaired and low vision users. The Tactile Maps of Canada collection includes: (a) Maps for Education: tactile maps showing the general geography of Canada, including the Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps of the provinces and territories showing political boundaries, lakes, rivers and major cities), and the Thematic Tactile Atlas of Canada (maps showing climatic regions, relief, forest types, physiographic regions, rock types, soil types, and vegetation). (b) Maps for Mobility: to help visually impaired persons navigate spaces and routes in major cities by providing information about streets, buildings and other features of a travel route in the downtown area of a city. (c) Maps for Transportation and Tourism: to assist visually impaired persons in planning travel to new destinations in Canada, showing how to get to a city, and streets in the downtown area.

Estimated number of persons on July 1, by 5-year age groups and gender, and median age, for Canada, provinces and territories.

The Canadian luxury housing market, encompassing high-end apartments, condominiums, villas, and landed houses, is experiencing robust growth, driven by several factors. Strong economic performance in major cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary, coupled with increasing high-net-worth individuals and foreign investment, fuels demand for premium properties. The limited supply of luxury housing, particularly in desirable urban locations, further contributes to price escalation. While rising interest rates present a potential headwind, the overall market remains resilient due to persistent demand from domestic and international buyers seeking exclusive residences. The market segmentation reveals variations in performance across property types and cities. Toronto and Vancouver consistently rank among the most expensive markets globally, attracting significant investment. While the "Other Cities" segment experiences growth, its pace lags behind the top-tier urban centres due to factors such as lower population density and reduced economic activity compared to the major hubs. This dynamic creates opportunities for developers catering to the specific preferences within each segment. Looking ahead, the Canadian luxury housing market is projected to maintain a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 10% throughout the forecast period (2025-2033). Several trends are expected to shape market evolution, including the growing popularity of sustainable and smart-home features, an increasing preference for larger living spaces, and a rise in demand for properties with proximity to amenities and green spaces. However, regulatory changes aiming to cool down the market, such as stricter mortgage rules or increased property taxes, could act as restraints on future growth. Key players such as Westbank Corp, Mattamy Homes, and Oxford Properties Group, amongst others, continue to dominate the market through strategic acquisitions and new development projects. International market dynamics and global economic conditions may also impact investment flows into the Canadian luxury housing sector, shaping overall market performance in the coming years. Recent developments include: October 2021: The CHEO Foundation gave the first look inside Minto Dream Home, the 'Caraway.' The Minto Dream Home on Skysail Place is a customized bungalow, situated on an oversized corner lot. It's a collaboration by the Minto Group (a Canadian real estate company) with Tanya Collins Design (a residential and commercial interior designer). The Caraway features beautiful views of the Mahogany Pond with an incredible wrap-around porch to enjoy the views and the outdoors, while inside the 4,603 square-foot floor plan offers plenty of space. The Minto Dream Home has a net-zero approach to minimize its carbon footprint and improve the wellness of the planet., March 2021: Skydev (a real estate development and construction oversight company), held a private ceremony to celebrate the start of the development's construction. The new development, called Southfield Green, is owned by Skyline Apartment REIT (a private Canadian real estate investment trust). Once the development is complete, the complex will be managed by Skyline Living (a Canadian residential property management company). The Southfield Green development will comprise a four-storey complex with luxury suites and on-site amenities, including an indoor/outdoor lounge and terrace, a dog run, and an on-site gym and yoga studio. The site is well located within walking distance of grocery stores, restaurants, and transit. The suites will boast fantastic views of the adjacent Southfield Park.. Notable trends are: Pandemic Accelerated Luxury Home Sales in Major Canadian Markets.

Among Canadian provinces, Ontario had the largest number of hospitals with around 300 establishments, as of 2023. Canada has a publicly funded health care system based on a system of taxation, fees and private funding. Current reports estimate that health care expenditures account for over 11 percent of Canada’s gross domestic product (GDP). Health care expenditures for hospitals totaled 88 billion Canadian dollars in 2023. Hospital expenditures in Canada In total, there were 1,017 hospitals in Canada as of 2023. Hospital expenditures per capita appear to be highest in less populated territories. In 2021, the greatest expenditures for hospitals in Canada were staff compensation and supplies. Research, education and other areas accounted for just over ten percent of expenditures during that time. The hospital with the highest research spending in Canada in 2022bwas the University Health Network located in Ontario. Patients in Canadian hospitals In general, the average length of hospital stays in Canada appears to be on the decline, but has rebounded since 2018. Common reasons for hospitalizations in Canada include child birth, COPD, pneumonia, heart failure and mental health disorders. Canadian hospitals perform a large number of surgeries every year. During fiscal year 2022/23, C-sections, knee replacements and hip replacements were the most common surgeries in Canada.

Ontario was the province with the most immigrants in 2024, with 197,657 immigrants. Nunavut, Canada’s northernmost territory, had 56 immigrants arrive in the same period. Immigration to Canada Over the past 20 years, the number of immigrants to Canada has held steady and is just about evenly split between men and women. Asian countries dominate the list of leading countries of birth for foreign-born residents of Canada, although the United Kingdom, the United States, and Italy all make the list as well. Unemployment among immigrants In 2023, the unemployment rate for immigrants in Canada was highest among those who had been in the country for five years or less. The unemployment rate decreased the longer someone had been in Canada, and unemployment was lowest among those who had been in the country for more than ten years, coming more into line with the average unemployment rate for the whole of Canada.

Monthly average retail prices for gasoline and fuel oil for Canada, selected provincial cities, Whitehorse and Yellowknife. Prices are presented for the current month and previous four months. Includes fuel type and the price in cents per litre.

This Web map contains four layers of data showing immigration to Canada. The data show total population and total new immigrant population for Canada every five years from 1901 - 2011, the number of new immigrants by birth country to each province and territory for 2006, the number of permanent residents to Canada by province and territory for 2003 - 2012, and the number of immigrants and recent immigrants to Canada by major city for 2011.Content Source(s): Statistics Canada, Citizenship and Immigration Canada, Library and Archives Canada, and ArcCanadaCoordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (WKID 102100)Update Frequency: As RequiredPublication Date: August 2014

The Canadian commercial building construction market is experiencing robust growth, projected to maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key drivers. Firstly, a burgeoning Canadian economy, particularly in major cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Ottawa, is stimulating demand for new office spaces, retail outlets, and hospitality facilities. Secondly, increasing urbanization and population growth are creating a need for more infrastructure and commercial buildings across the country. Thirdly, government initiatives promoting sustainable and green building practices are driving investment in environmentally conscious construction projects. Finally, technological advancements in construction methods and materials are enhancing efficiency and reducing project timelines. The market is segmented across various building types, with hospitality, office, and retail construction representing significant shares. While the "Other Types" segment also contributes, its exact breakdown requires further investigation.
However, the market faces certain restraints. Fluctuations in material costs, labor shortages, and potential economic downturns can impact project timelines and budgets. Furthermore, stringent building codes and regulations can increase project complexity and costs. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook remains positive, driven by ongoing urbanization, economic growth, and a sustained need for modern commercial spaces across diverse sectors. Key players like Pomerleau Inc, EllisDon Group, and PCL Construction are well-positioned to capitalize on these opportunities. Competitive pressures are high, encouraging innovation and efficiency within the industry. The ongoing development and revitalization projects in major Canadian cities, particularly in Toronto, Vancouver and Ottawa, are expected to continue attracting significant investments in the commercial construction sector throughout the forecast period. This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the Canada commercial building construction market, covering the period from 2019 to 2033. With a base year of 2025 and an estimated year of 2025, this report offers valuable insights into market size, growth drivers, challenges, and key players. The report utilizes data from the historical period (2019-2024) and forecasts market trends until 2033. It's an essential resource for industry professionals, investors, and anyone seeking to understand this dynamic market. Recent developments include: March 2022: Anthem Properties (a Canadian development, investment, and management company), along with KingSett Capital (a capital market company), have acquired an 8.34-acre mixed-use site located at Willingdon Avenue and Dawson Street in the City of Burnaby's active Brentwood Town Centre. The company developed this space into a four-phased master-planned community, including 2,100 market condominiums, 340 rental units, and 60,000 square feet of new retail and office spaces., January 2022: Bird Construction Inc. (a Canadian construction company) has entered into a three-year strategic partnership for the Building Good initiative along with Chandos Construction Inc. (North America's commercial builder). Building Good is a thought leadership initiative that aims to catalyze owners and industry partners to change the way the architecture, engineering, and construction industries design and build for the betterment of people and the planet.. Key drivers for this market are: Government Initiatives in the Infrastructure and Construction Sector to Boost the Industry, Need for Precast Concrete Technology Driving the Market. Potential restraints include: Higher Transportation Cost. Notable trends are: Office Building Construction is Expected to Dominate the Market.

Baseline characteristics of women participants in the Canadian At Home/Chez Soi study by randomization group (N = 653).

In 2023, the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador had the highest unemployment rate in Canada. That year, it had a ten percent unemployment rate. In comparison, Québec had the lowest unemployment rate at 4.5 percent.

Nunavut

Nunavut is the largest and most northern province of Canada. Their economy is powered by many industries which include mining, oil, gas, hunting, fishing, and transportation. They have a high amount of mineral resources and many of their jobs come from mining, however, the territory still suffers from a high unemployment rate, which has fluctuated since 2004. The lack of necessary education, skills, and mobility are all factors that play a part in unemployment. Most of the population identifies as Inuit. Their official languages include English, French, and several Inuit languages. The capital is Iqaluit, which is their largest community and only city. The climate in Nunavut is a polar climate due to its high latitude, and as a result, it rarely goes above 50 degrees Fahrenheit.

Unemployment in Canada

The unemployment rate in Canada had been decreasing since 2009, but increased to 9.7 percent in 2020 due to the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Since 2006, landed immigrants have faced higher unemployment rates compared to those born in Canada. Youth unemployment in Canada has fluctuated since 1998, but has always remained in the double digits. Additionally, the average duration of unemployment in Canada in 2023 was about 17.4 weeks.

As cities face rising temperatures, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and altered precipitation patterns, buildings are subjected to increasing energy demand, heat stress, thermal comfort issues, and decreased service life. Therefore, evaluating building performance under changing climate conditions is essential for building sustainable and resilient communities. Unique climate characteristics of cities, such as the urban heat island effect, are not well simulated by global or regional climate models, and is therefore often not included in typical building analyses. Consequently, a computationally efficient approach is used to generate “urbanized” climate data, derived from regional climate models, to prepare building simulation climate data that incorporate urban effects. We demonstrate this process using existing climate data for Toronto airport’s weather station and extend it to prepare projections for scenarios where nature-based solutions, such as increased greenery and albedo, were implemented. We find significant improvements in the representation of the urban heat island and subsequent cooling effects of nature-based solutions in the urbanized climate data. This dataset allows building practitioners to evaluate building performance under historical and potential future changes in climate, considering the complex interactions within the urban canopy and the implementation of mitigation efforts such as nature-based solutions.

This dataset contains hourly historical and future weather files for use in building simulations for the city of Toronto, Canada. While similar weather files are usually based on measurements taken at a city's nearby airport, the current dataset utilizes a novel statistical-dynamical downscaling technique which involves the use of the dynamical Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model combined with a statistical approach and climate projections from an ensemble of 15 Canadian Regional Climate Model 4 (CanRCM4) to generate urban climate data which includes the effects of the urban heat island and different nature-based solutions (NBS) as mitigation strategies (such as increasing surface albedo and greenery). Additionally, different levels of implementation of these mitigation strategies were produced, for example, when the albedo is increased to 0.40 (ALBD40) and 0.80 (ALBD80), and similarly for the green and combined scenarios, GRN40, GRN80, COMB40, and COMB80. The URBAN scenario is considered the control case where the urban heat island effects are accounted for in the data, but the NBS scenarios are not yet implemtned.

The data are stored in large CSV files, where the rows consists of all 15 realizations of the CanRCM4 ensemble and the variables make up the columns. For example, each 31-year period is repeated 15 times, once for each of the RCM realizations. Therefore, there are 4,073,400 (15x31x8760) rows in each file. We recommend viewing the data using packages from Python or R.

The historical and future global warming thresholds and their corresponding time periods are as follows:

Global Warming Scenario

Time Period

Historical

1991-2021

Global Warming 0.5ºC

2003-2033

Global Warming 1.0ºC

2014-2044

Global Warming 1.5ºC

2024-2054

Global Warming 2.0ºC

2034-2064

Global Warming 2.5ºC

2042-2072

Global Warming 3.0ºC

2051-2081

Global Warming 3.5ºC

2064-2094

The following variables are included in the files:

Variable Description

RUN Run number (R1-R15) of Canadian Regional Climate Model, CanRCM4 large ensemble associated with the selected reference year data

YEAR Year associated with the record

MONTH Month associated with the record

DAY Day of the month associated with the record

HOUR Hour associated with the record

YDAY Day of the year associated with the record

DRI_kJPerM2 Direct horizontal irradiance in kJ/m2 (total from previous HOUR to the HOUR indicated)

DHI_kJperM2 Diffused horizontal irradiance in kJ/m2 (total from previous HOUR to the HOUR indicated)

DNI_kJperM2 Direct normal irradiance in kJ/m2 (total from previous HOUR to the HOUR indicated)

GHI_kJperM2 Global horizontal irradiance in kJ/m2 (total from previous HOUR to the HOUR indicated)

TCC_Percent Instantaneous total cloud cover at the HOUR in % (range: 0-100)

RAIN_Mm Total rainfall in mm (total from previous HOUR to the HOUR indicated)

WDIR_ClockwiseDegFromNorth Instantaneous wind direction at the HOUR in degrees (measured clockwise from the North)

WSP_MPerSec Instantaneous wind speed at the HOUR in meters/sec

RHUM_Percent Instantaneous relative humidity at the HOUR in %

TEMP_K Instantaneous temperature at the HOUR in Kelvin

ATMPR_Pa Instantaneous atmospheric pressure at the HOUR in Pascal

SnowC_Yes1No0 Instantaneous snow-cover at the HOUR (1 - snow; 0 - no snow)

SNWD_Cm Instantaneous snow depth at the HOUR in cm