During the period beginning roughly in the mid-1980s until the Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008), the U.S. economy experienced a time of relative economic calm, with low inflation and consistent GDP growth. Compared with the turbulent economic era which had preceded it in the 1970s and the early 1980s, the lack of extreme fluctuations in the business cycle led some commentators to suggest that macroeconomic issues such as high inflation, long-term unemployment and financial crises were a thing of the past. Indeed, the President of the American Economic Association, Professor Robert Lucas, famously proclaimed in 2003 that "central problem of depression prevention has been solved, for all practical purposes". Ben Bernanke, the future chairman of the Federal Reserve during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and 2022 Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, coined the term 'the Great Moderation' to describe this era of newfound economic confidence. The era came to an abrupt end with the outbreak of the GFC in the Summer of 2007, as the U.S. financial system began to crash due to a downturn in the real estate market.

Causes of the Great Moderation, and its downfall

A number of factors have been cited as contributing to the Great Moderation including central bank monetary policies, the shift from manufacturing to services in the economy, improvements in information technology and management practices, as well as reduced energy prices. The period coincided with the term of Fed chairman Alan Greenspan (1987-2006), famous for the 'Greenspan put', a policy which meant that the Fed would proactively address downturns in the stock market using its monetary policy tools. These economic factors came to prominence at the same time as the end of the Cold War (1947-1991), with the U.S. attaining a new level of hegemony in global politics, as its main geopolitical rival, the Soviet Union, no longer existed. During the Great Moderation, the U.S. experienced a recession twice, between July 1990 and March 1991, and again from March 2001 tom November 2001, however, these relatively short recessions did not knock the U.S. off its growth path. The build up of household and corporate debt over the early 2000s eventually led to the Global Financial Crisis, as the bursting of the U.S. housing bubble in 2007 reverberated across the financial system, with a subsequent credit freeze and mass defaults.

Data Set Information:

The dataset is compiled from the National Accounts Main Aggregates Database that presents a series of analytical national accounts tables from 1970 onwards for more than 200 countries and areas of the world. It is the product of a global cooperation effort between the Economic Statistics Branch of the United Nations Statistics Division, international statistical agencies, and the national statistical services of these countries and is developed in accordance with the recommendation of the Statistical Commission at its first session in 1947 that the Statistics Division should publish regularly the most recent available data on national accounts for as many countries and areas as possible.

This dataset can be used to perform clustering, regression, and time series tasks.

This data collection is one in a series of financial surveys of consumers conducted annually since 1946. In a nationally representative sample, the head of each family unit was interviewed. Starting in 1966, in order to examine the effect that increased car ownership was having on American families, the data collected in this series were organized so that they could be analyzed by both family unit and car unit. The 1970 data are based on car unit. Survey questions regarding automobiles included number of drivers and car owners in the family, make and model of each car, purchase method, car financing and installment debt, and expectations of car purchases in the coming year. Other questions in the 1970 survey covered the respondent's attitudes toward national economic conditions (e.g., the effect of income tax, Vietnam War involvement, and relations with other communist countries on United States business) and price activity, as well as the respondent's own financial situation. Other questions examined the family unit head's occupation, and the nature and amount of the family's income, debts, liquid assets, changes in liquid assets, savings, investment preferences, and actual and expected purchases of major durables. In addition, the survey explored in detail the subject of housing, e.g., previous and present home ownership, value of respondent's dwelling, and mortgage information. Questions in this survey also focused on life insurance coverage, mutual funds, and credit card use. Personal data include age and education of head, household composition, and occupation.

Czechoslovakia's economy saw out the 1970s and 1980s with a positive trade balance and current account, making it just one of three Eastern Bloc states (along with Romania and the USSR) to do so. Overall, Czechoslovakia exported approximately 400 million U.S. dollars more goods and services than was imported in these two decades.

Graph and download economic data for Unemployment Rate - 70-74 Yrs., Women (LNU04024940) from Jan 1981 to Jun 2025 about 70 to 74 years, females, unemployment, rate, and USA.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Cuba was worth 107.35 billion US dollars in 2020, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of Cuba represents 0.10 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides - Cuba GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Field 70/71 Study for Resilient Economic Agricultural Practices in Ames, Iowa See REAP brochure Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Ames, IA Field 70/71 Study (IAAM7071) CSV data. File Name: IAAM7071_csv_data.zipResource Description: CSV format data on Experimental Units, Field Sites, Biomass, Harvest Fraction, Residue Management, Soil Chemistry, Soil Cover, Soil Physics, Amendments, Planting, Tillage, Persons, Treatments, Weather Daily, Weather Station.

Historical dataset showing Micronesia economic growth by year from 1970 to 2023.

Historical dataset showing Marshall Islands economic growth by year from 1970 to 2023.

United States - Unemployment Rate - 70 Yrs. & over, Women was 4.50% in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Unemployment Rate - 70 Yrs. & over, Women reached a record high of 18.90 in April of 2020 and a record low of 0.30 in December of 1984. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Unemployment Rate - 70 Yrs. & over, Women - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Panama Unemployment Rate: Female: Age Over 70 data was reported at 0.000 % in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 % for 2016. Panama Unemployment Rate: Female: Age Over 70 data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Aug 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.400 % in 2006 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2017. Panama Unemployment Rate: Female: Age Over 70 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.G008: Unemployment Rate.

United States - Unemployment Rate - 70-74 Yrs., Women was 5.20% in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Unemployment Rate - 70-74 Yrs., Women reached a record high of 18.50 in April of 2020 and a record low of 0.30 in March of 1991. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Unemployment Rate - 70-74 Yrs., Women - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Panama Unemployment: Age Over 70 data was reported at 357.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 187.000 Person for 2016. Panama Unemployment: Age Over 70 data is updated yearly, averaging 215.000 Person from Aug 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 790.000 Person in 2006 and a record low of 0.000 Person in 2007. Panama Unemployment: Age Over 70 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Census. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.G007: Unemployment.

Historical chart and dataset showing U.S. GDP by year from 1960 to 2023.

´For the first time, this study on East Germany presents data on the macroeconomic development in the period from 1970 until 2000, which are comparable as to their method, their price, and their structure. Hereby the domestic product, added value in the different economic fields, employment, and the consumption of the national economy according to their respective main deployment serve as indicators. The data collected so far are insufficient for a presentation of the development of major economic factors concerning the above-mentioned period, on a similar methodical basis, streamlined with regard to price changes, i.e. the prices of a basic year, and the structural definitions of today. As a matter of fact, the creation of comparable statistical findings for East Germany over the whole period of three decades is still difficult both in objective and subjective terms. The accession of East Germany to the former Federal Republic of Germany on 3rd October 1990, followed by the German Reunification, divides the period of this comparative study into two different phases: - from 1970 until 3rd October 1990: German Democratic Republic, - from 3rd October 1990 until 2000: the New Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany.

For each of these two periods, extensive statistical data are available, which have been collected from the different statistical systems of the GDR and the Federal Republic of Germany. These two systems originated and developed from different socio-economic and political backgrounds. As to the field of study examined here – the complete national economy in total figures -, this means that the generated figures for the quantitative representation of the national economic output, employment, and consumption rely on different theoretical basises and statistical analogies, which makes a direct comparison of the data impossible. With the publication at hand, the author intends to make a contribution to closing the existing data gap.´ (Heske, G., 2005: Gross Domestic Product, Consumption, and Employment in East Germany 1970-2000. New Results of Comprehensive Calculations on the National Economy. Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung. Supplement/Beiheft No. 17. Cologne: Zentrum für Historische Sozialforschung, S. 10-12).

Factual classification of the tables in HISTAT: 1. German Democratic Republic from 1970 until 1989 1.0.0 Gross domestic product, gross value added, gainfully employed persons, labour productivity, domestic utilisation 1.1.0 Gross value added per economic domain, in million euro 95 (1970-1989) 1.1.1 Gross value added, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 1.1.2 Gross value added in percent per economic domain (1970-1989) 1.2.0 Gainfully employed persons per economic domain (1970-1989) 1.2.1 Gainfully employed persons per economic domain, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 1.2.2 Gainfully employed persons in percent per economic domain (1970-1989) 1.3.0 Labour productivity per economic domain, in euro 95 (1970-1989) 1.3.1 Labour productivity per economic domain, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 1.3.2 Labour productivity, total percentage according to economic domain (1970-1989) 1.4.0 Utilisation of gross domestic product (GDP) in million euro 95 (1970-1989) 1.4.1 Utilisation of gross domestic product, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 1.4.2 Utilisation of gross domestic product, percentage of domestic utilisation (1970-1989)

1. Federal Republic of Germany 1970 until 1989 2.0.0 Gross domestic product, gross value added, gainfully employed persons, labour productivity, domestic utilisation (1970-1989) 2.1.0 Utilisation of gross domestic product, percentage of domestic utilisation (1970-1989) 2.1.1 Utilisation of gross domestic product, percentage of domestic utilisation (1970-1989) 2.1.2 Gross value added in percent according to economic domain (1970-1989) 2.2.0 Gainfully employed persons per economic domain (1970-1989) 2.2.1 Gainfully employed persons, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 2.2.2 Gainfully employed persons in percent per economic domain (1970-1989) 2.3.0 Labour productivity per economic domain, euro 95 (1970-1989) 2.3.1 Labour productivity per economic domain, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 2.3.2 Labour productivity, total percentage per economic domain (1970-1989) 2.4.0 Utilisation of gross domestic product (GDP) in million euro 95 (1970-1989) 2.4.1 Utilisation of gross domestic product, index of 1970 = 100 (1970-1989) 2.4.2 Utilisation of gross domestic product, percentage of ...

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Greenland was worth 3.33 billion US dollars in 2023, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of Greenland represents 0 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides - Greenland GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Industrial output across the OECD fell by significant amount between the 1960s and 1970s, when annual averages are compared. Overall, the OECD saw industrial output grow by almost six percent in each year between 1960 and 1970, whereas this growth fell to just 3.5 percent per year between 1971 and 1978. The largest individual decline of the major economies was observed in Japan, who saw a difference of nine percent between the two periods. The largest proportional decline of the given countries, however, was observed in Switzerland, where annual industrial output between 1971 and 1978 was less than one tenth of the rate in the previous period. The primary reason for this decline was due to the 1973-1975 recession that resulted from the oil embargo of 1973, which highlighted the developed world's increasing dependency on foreign oil imports. This recession also marked the end of the post-war economic boom, but saw the transition of economies such as Japan, West Germany, and wider European Economic Community in general (i.e. the predecessor to the EU) into global economic powers.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Palestine was worth 13.71 billion US dollars in 2024, according to official data from the World Bank. The GDP value of Palestine represents 0.01 percent of the world economy. This dataset provides - Palestine GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Flows of workers aged 50 to 70 years in the UK to economic inactivity between April to June and July to September for each year between 2016 and 2021, by demographic breakdowns, industry, and occupation, from the longitudinal Labour Force Survey.

Historical dataset showing Sao Tome and Principe economic growth by year from 1970 to 2023.