This dataset and map service provides information on the U.S. Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) low to moderate income areas. The term Low to Moderate Income, often referred to as low-mod, has a specific programmatic context within the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. Over a 1, 2, or 3-year period, as selected by the grantee, not less than 70 percent of CDBG funds must be used for activities that benefit low- and moderate-income persons. HUD uses special tabulations of Census data to determine areas where at least 51% of households have incomes at or below 80% of the area median income (AMI). This dataset and map service contains the following layer.

This dataset represents the geospatial extent as polygons and the corresponding attribution for census block groups that meet the definition of low-income communities according to the Virginia 2020 Environmental Justice Act: “Low-income community” definition: “’Low-income community’ means any census block group in which 30 percent or more of the population is composed of people with low income.”

The referenced “low income” definition is also provided below: “Low income” definition: “’Low income’ means having an annual household income equal to or less than the greater of (i) an amount equal to 80 percent of the median income of the area in which the household is located, as reported by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and (ii) 200 percent of the Federal Poverty Level.”

This map is made using content created and owned by the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (Esri user HUD.Official.Content). The map uses their Low to Moderate Income Population by Tract layer, filtered for only census tracts in Monroe County, NY where at least 51% of households earn less than 80 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI). The map is centered on Rochester, NY, with the City of Rochester, NY border added for context. Users can zoom out to see the Revitalization Areas for the broader county region.The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income. For CDBG, a person is considered to be of low income only if he or she is a member of a household whose income would qualify as "very low income" under the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments program. Generally, these Section 8 limits are based on 50% of area median. Similarly, CDBG moderate income relies on Section 8 "lower income" limits, which are generally tied to 80% of area median. These data are derived from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS) and based on Census 2010 geography.Please refer to the Feature Layer for date of last update.Data Dictionary: DD_Low to Moderate Income Populations by Tract

This service identifies U.S. Census Block Groups in which 51% or more of the households earn less than 80 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI). The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income.

Thumbnail image by Tony Moody.This dataset includes all housing developments approved by the City of Boise’s (“city”) Planning Division since 2020 that are known by the city to have received or are expected to receive support or incentives from a government entity. Each row represents one development. Data may be unavailable for some projects and details are subject to change until construction is complete. Addresses are excluded for projects with fewer than five homes for privacy reasons.

The dataset includes details on the number of “homes” in a development. We use the word "home" to refer to any single unit of housing regardless of size, type, or whether it is rented or owned. For example, a building with 40 apartments counts as 40 homes, and a single detached house counts as one home.

The dataset includes details about the phase of each project. The process for build a new development is as follows: First, one must receive approval from the city’s Planning Division, which is also known as being “entitled.” Next, one must apply for and receive a permit from the city’s Building Division before beginning construction. Finally, once construction is complete and all city inspections have been passed, the building can be occupied.

The dataset also includes data on the affordability level of each development. To receive a government incentive, a developer is typically required to rent or sell a specified number of homes to households that have an income below limits set by the government and their housing cost must not exceed 30% of their income. The federal government determines income limits based on a standard called “area median income.” The city considers housing affordable if is targeted to households earning at or below 80% of the area median income. For a three-person household in Boise, that equates to an annual income of $60,650 and monthly rent or mortgage of $1,516. See Boise Income Guidelines for more details.Project Address(es) – Includes all addresses that are included as part of the development project.Address – The primary address for the development.Parcel Number(s) – The identification code for all parcels of land included in the development.Acreage – The number of acres for the parcel(s) included in the project.Planning Permit Number – The identification code for all permits the development has received from the Planning Division for the City of Boise. The number and types of permits required vary based on the location and type of development.Date Entitled – The date a development was approved by the City’s Planning Division.Building Permit Number – The identification code for all permits the development has received from the city’s Building Division.Date Building Permit Issued – Building permits are required to begin construction on a development.Date Final Certificate of Occupancy Issued – A certificate of occupancy is the final approval by the city for a development, once construction is complete. Not all developments require a certificate of occupancy.Studio – The number of homes in the development that are classified as a studio. A studio is typically defined as a home in which there is no separate bedroom. A single room serves as both a bedroom and a living room.1-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly one bedroom.2-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly two bedrooms.3-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly three bedrooms.4+ Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have four or more bedrooms.# of Total Project Units – The total number of homes in the development.# of units toward goals – The number of homes in a development that contribute to either the city’s goal to produce housing affordable at or under 60% of area median income, or the city’s goal to create permanent supportive housing for households experiencing homelessness.Rent at or under 60% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at or below 60% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Rent 61-80% AMI – The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at between 61% and 80% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Rent 81-120% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at between 81% and 120% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details.Own at or under 60% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be sold at or below 60% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Own 61-80% AMI – The number of homes in a development that are required to be sold at between 61% and 80% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Own 81-120% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be sold at between 81% and 120% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details.Housing Land Trust – “Yes” if a development receives or is expected to receive this incentive. The Housing Land Trust is a model in which the city owns land that it leases to a developer to build affordable housing.City Investment – “Yes” if the city invests funding or contributes land to an affordable development.Zoning Incentive - The city's zoning code provides incentives for developers to create affordable housing. Incentives may include the ability to build an extra floor or be subject to reduced parking requirements. “Yes” if a development receives or is expected to receive one of these incentives.Project Management - The city provides a developer and their design team a single point of contact who works across city departments to simplify the permitting process, and assists the applicants in understanding the city’s requirements to avoid possible delays. “Yes” if a development receives or is expected to receive this incentive.Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) - A federal tax credit available to some new affordable housing developments. The Idaho Housing and Finance Association is a quasi-governmental agency that administers these federal tax credits. “Yes” if a development receives or is expected to receive this incentive.CCDC Investment - The Capital City Development Corp (CCDC) is a public agency that financially supports some affordable housing development in Urban Renewal Districts. “Yes” if a development receives or is expected to receive this incentive. If “Yes” the field identifies the Urban Renewal District associated with the development.City Goal – The city has set goals to produce housing affordable to households at or below 60% of area median income, and to create permanent supportive housing for households experiencing homelessness. This field identifies whether a development contributes to one of those goals.Project Phase - The process for build a new development is as follows: First, one must receive approval from the city’s Planning Division, which is also known as being “entitled.” Next, one must apply for and receive a permit from the city’s Building Division before beginning construction. Finally, once construction is complete and all city inspections have been passed, the building can be occupied.

A Home for Everyone is the City of Boise’s (city) initiative to address needs in the community by supporting the development and preservation of housing affordable to residents on Boise budgets. A Home for Everyone has three core goals: produce new homes affordable at 60% of area median income, create permanent supportive housing for households experiencing homelessness, and preserve home affordable at 80% of area median income. This dataset includes information about all homes that count toward the city’s Home for Everyone goals.

While the “produce affordable housing” and “create permanent supportive housing” goals are focused on supporting the development of new housing, the preservation goal is focused on maintaining existing housing affordable. As a result, many of the data fields related to new development are not relevant to preservation projects. For example, zoning incentives are only applicable to new construction projects.

Data may be unavailable for some projects and details are subject to change until construction is complete. Addresses are excluded for projects with fewer than five homes for privacy reasons.

The dataset includes details on the number of “homes”. We use the word "home" to refer to any single unit of housing regardless of size, type, or whether it is rented or owned. For example, a building with 40 apartments counts as 40 homes, and a single detached house counts as one home.

The dataset includes details about the phase of each project when a project involves constructing new housing. The process for building a new development is as follows: First, one must receive approval from the city’s Planning Division, which is also known as being “entitled.” Next, one must apply for and receive a permit from the city’s Building Division before beginning construction. Finally, once construction is complete and all city inspections have been passed, the building can be occupied.

To contribute to a city goal, homes must meet affordability requirements based on a standard called area median income. The city considers housing affordable if is targeted to households earning at or below 80% of the area median income. For a three-person household in Boise, that equates to an annual income of $60,650 and monthly housing cost of $1,516. Deeply affordable housing sets the income limit at 60% of area median income, or even 30% of area median income. See Boise Income Guidelines for more details.Project Name – The name of each project. If a row is related to the Home Improvement Loan program, that row aggregates data for all homes that received a loan in that quarter or year. Primary Address – The primary address for the development. Some developments encompass multiple addresses.Project Address(es) – Includes all addresses that are included as part of the development project.Parcel Number(s) – The identification code for all parcels of land included in the development.Acreage – The number of acres for the parcel(s) included in the project.Planning Permit Number – The identification code for all permits the development has received from the Planning Division for the City of Boise. The number and types of permits required vary based on the location and type of development.Date Entitled – The date a development was approved by the City’s Planning Division.Building Permit Number – The identification code for all permits the development has received from the city’s Building Division.Date Building Permit Issued – Building permits are required to begin construction on a development.Date Final Certificate of Occupancy Issued – A certificate of occupancy is the final approval by the city for a development, once construction is complete. Not all developments require a certificate of occupancy.Studio – The number of homes in the development that are classified as a studio. A studio is typically defined as a home in which there is no separate bedroom. A single room serves as both a bedroom and a living room.1-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly one bedroom.2-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly two bedrooms.3-Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have exactly three bedrooms.4+ Bedroom – The number of homes in a development that have four or more bedrooms.# of Total Project Units – The total number of homes in the development.# of units toward goals – The number of homes in a development that contribute to either the city’s goal to produce housing affordable at or under 60% of area median income, or the city’s goal to create permanent supportive housing for households experiencing homelessness. Rent at or under 60% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at or below 60% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Rent 61-80% AMI – The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at between 61% and 80% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.Rent 81-120% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be rented at between 81% and 120% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details.Own at or under 60% AMI - The number of homes in a development that are required to be sold at or below 60% of area median income. See the description of the dataset above for an explanation of area median income or see Boise Income Guidelines for more details. Boise defines a home as “affordable” if it is rented or sold at or below 80% of area median income.

The Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List is published annually on or about February 1. The data for the Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List comes from different sources including federal, state and local programs. This makes it difficult to ensure complete accuracy, so DOH asks municipalities to provide a local administrative review of and input on the street addresses of units and projects as well as information on deed-restricted units. The responses received by DOH vary widely from each municipality. In developing the Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List, DOH counts: -Assisted housing units or housing receiving financial assistance under any governmental program for the construction or substantial rehabilitation of low and moderate income housing that was occupied or under construction by the end date of the report period for compilation of a given year’s list; -Rental housing occupied by persons receiving rental assistance under C.G.S. Chapter 138a (State Rental Assistance/RAP) or Section 142f of Title 42 of the U.S. Code (Section 8); -Ownership housing or housing currently financed by the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority and/or the U.S. Department of Agriculture; and -Deed-restricted properties or properties with deeds containing covenants or restrictions that require such dwelling unit(s) be sold or rented at or below prices that will preserve the unit(s) as affordable housing as defined in C.G.S. Section 8-39a for persons or families whose incomes are less than or equal to 80% of the area median income.

ACS Median Household IncomeThis map shows Census Tracts by Median Household Income based on 2019 ACS Data. The ramp displays each tract based on how the median household income in that tract compares to the area median. Once zoomed in, dot density will also display where each dot represents 50 households. Income Categorizations are based on the following scheme:LOW - Median Household Income is less than 50% of the area medianMODERATE - Median Household income is greater than 50% and less than 80% of the area medianMIDDLE - Median Household Income is greater than 80% and less than 120% of the area medianHIGH - Median Household Income is greater than 120% and less than 150% of the area medianVERY HIGH - Median Household Income is greater than 150% of the area medianArea Medians are defined based on which Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) the tract falls within. Tracts that don't fall within an MSA are compared to the nonmetro state median income value.

Housing-Burdened Low-Income Households. Percent of households in a census tract that are both low income (making less than 80% of the HUD Area Median Family Income) and severely burdened by housing costs (paying greater than 50% of their income to housing costs). (5-year estimates, 2013-2017).

The cost and availability of housing is an important determinant of well- being. Households with lower incomes may spend a larger proportion of their income on housing. The inability of households to afford necessary non-housing goods after paying for shelter is known as housing-induced poverty. California has very high housing costs relative to much of the country, making it difficult for many to afford adequate housing. Within California, the cost of living varies significantly and is largely dependent on housing cost, availability, and demand.

Areas where low-income households may be stressed by high housing costs can be identified through the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data. We measure households earning less than 80% of HUD Area Median Family Income by county and paying greater than 50% of their income to housing costs. The indicator takes into account the regional cost of living for both homeowners and renters, and factors in the cost of utilities. CHAS data are calculated from US Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS).

In 2023, just over 50 percent of Americans had an annual household income that was less than 75,000 U.S. dollars. The median household income was 80,610 U.S. dollars in 2023. Income and wealth in the United States After the economic recession in 2009, income inequality in the U.S. is more prominent across many metropolitan areas. The Northeast region is regarded as one of the wealthiest in the country. Maryland, New Jersey, and Massachusetts were among the states with the highest median household income in 2020. In terms of income by race and ethnicity, the average income of Asian households was 94,903 U.S. dollars in 2020, while the median income for Black households was around half of that figure. What is the U.S. poverty threshold? The U.S. Census Bureau annually updates its list of poverty levels. Preliminary estimates show that the average poverty threshold for a family of four people was 26,500 U.S. dollars in 2021, which is around 100 U.S. dollars less than the previous year. There were an estimated 37.9 million people in poverty across the United States in 2021, which was around 11.6 percent of the population. Approximately 19.5 percent of those in poverty were Black, while 8.2 percent were white.

The Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of 1992 (Safety and Soundness Act) provides for the establishment of single-family and multifamily goals each year, including a single-family purchase money mortgage goal for families residing in low-income areas. The Safety and Soundness Act defines "low-income area" as: (a) census tracts or block numbering areas in which the median income does not exceed 80 percent of area median income (AMI), (b) families with income not greater than 100 percent of AMI who reside in minority census tracts, and (c) families with income not greater than 100 percent of AMI who reside in designated disaster areas. A “minority census tract” is a census tract that has a minority population of at least 30 percent and a median income of less than 100 percent of the AMI. Census tract level data identifying these areas are available below for 2010 and 2011 based on 2000 Census tract geography, for 2012 through 2021 based on 2010 Census tract geography, and for 2022 and subsequent years based on 2020 Census tract geography.

The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program requires that each CDBG funded activity must either principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, aid in the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or meet a community development need having a particular urgency because existing conditions pose a serious and immediate threat to the health or welfare of the community and other financial resources are not available to meet that need. With respect to activities that principally benefit low- and moderate-income persons, at least 51 percent of the activity's beneficiaries must be low and moderate income. For CDBG, a person is considered to be of low income only if he or she is a member of a household whose income would qualify as "very low income" under the Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments program. Generally, these Section 8 limits are based on 50% of area median. Similarly, CDBG moderate income relies on Section 8 "lower income" limits, which are generally tied to 80% of area median. These data are from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS). To learn more about the Low to Moderate Income Populations visit: https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/acs-low-mod-summary-data/, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. Data Dictionary: DD_Low to Moderate Income Populations by Block GroupDate of Coverage: ACS 2020-2016

Analysis of ‘Affordable Housing by Town 2011-2020’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/12fb0759-dd5d-4701-a95d-3a7365723c24 on 27 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

The Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List is published annually on or about February 1. The data for the Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List comes from different sources including federal, state and local programs. This makes it difficult to ensure complete accuracy, so DOH asks municipalities to provide a local administrative review of and input on the street addresses of units and projects as well as information on deed-restricted units. The responses received by DOH vary widely from each municipality.

In developing the Affordable Housing Appeals Procedure List, DOH counts:

-Assisted housing units or housing receiving financial assistance under any governmental program for the construction or substantial rehabilitation of low and moderate income housing that was occupied or under construction by the end date of the report period for compilation of a given year’s list; -Rental housing occupied by persons receiving rental assistance under C.G.S. Chapter 138a (State Rental Assistance/RAP) or Section 142f of Title 42 of the U.S. Code (Section 8); -Ownership housing or housing currently financed by the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority and/or the U.S. Department of Agriculture; and -Deed-restricted properties or properties with deeds containing covenants or restrictions that require such dwelling unit(s) be sold or rented at or below prices that will preserve the unit(s) as affordable housing as defined in C.G.S. Section 8-39a for persons or families whose incomes are less than or equal to 80% of the area median income.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

Low income census tract designation as per criteria for identifying a census tract as low income from the Department of Treasury’s New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) program. Guidelines defined as census tract exceeding 20% population under Federal Poverty Level or median family income below 80% of state or metro area median. Derived from U.S. Census American Community Survey 5 YR 2011-2015 tables; B17001 and B19113. Metadata information provided at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-access-research-atlas/documentation/

description: Deed-restricted properties or properties with deeds containing covenants or restrictions that require such dwelling unit(s) be sold or rented at or below prices that will preserve the unit(s) as affordable housing as defined in C.G.S. Section 8-39a for persons or families whose incomes are less than or equal to 80% of the area median income.; abstract: Deed-restricted properties or properties with deeds containing covenants or restrictions that require such dwelling unit(s) be sold or rented at or below prices that will preserve the unit(s) as affordable housing as defined in C.G.S. Section 8-39a for persons or families whose incomes are less than or equal to 80% of the area median income.

This statistic shows the median household income in the United States from 1970 to 2020, by income tier. In 2020, the median household income for the middle class stood at 90,131 U.S. dollars, which was approximately a 50 percent increase from 1970. However, the median income of upper income households in the U.S. increased by almost 70 percent compared to 1970.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents median income data over a decade or more for males and females categorized by Total, Full-Time Year-Round (FT), and Part-Time (PT) employment in Sun. It showcases annual income, providing insights into gender-specific income distributions and the disparities between full-time and part-time work. The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into gender-based pay disparity trends and explore the variations in income for male and female individuals.

Key observations: Insights from 2023

Based on our analysis ACS 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates, we present the following observations: - All workers, aged 15 years and older: In Sun, the median income for all workers aged 15 years and older, regardless of work hours, was $54,063 for males and $10,833 for females.

These income figures highlight a substantial gender-based income gap in Sun. Women, regardless of work hours, earn 20 cents for each dollar earned by men. This significant gender pay gap, approximately 80%, underscores concerning gender-based income inequality in the village of Sun.

- Full-time workers, aged 15 years and older: In Sun, among full-time, year-round workers aged 15 years and older, males earned a median income of $76,056, while females earned $53,558, leading to a 30% gender pay gap among full-time workers. This illustrates that women earn 70 cents for each dollar earned by men in full-time roles. This analysis indicates a widening gender pay gap, showing a substantial income disparity where women, despite working full-time, face a more significant wage discrepancy compared to men in the same roles.

Surprisingly, the gender pay gap percentage was higher across all roles, including non-full-time employment, for women compared to men. This suggests that full-time employment offers a more equitable income scenario for women compared to other employment patterns in Sun.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. All incomes have been adjusting for inflation and are presented in 2023-inflation-adjusted dollars.

Gender classifications include:

• Male
• Female

Employment type classifications include:

• Full-time, year-round: A full-time, year-round worker is a person who worked full time (35 or more hours per week) and 50 or more weeks during the previous calendar year.
• Part-time: A part-time worker is a person who worked less than 35 hours per week during the previous calendar year.

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column presents the data year. Expected values are 2010 to 2023
• Male Total Income: Annual median income, for males regardless of work hours
• Male FT Income: Annual median income, for males working full time, year-round
• Male PT Income: Annual median income, for males working part time
• Female Total Income: Annual median income, for females regardless of work hours
• Female FT Income: Annual median income, for females working full time, year-round
• Female PT Income: Annual median income, for females working part time

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Sun median household income by race. You can refer the same here

Eligible low-income census tracts are tracts in which:(1) The tract has a poverty rate of at least 20%; or(2)(A) For a census tract in a metropolitan area, the tract’s median family income does not exceed 80% of the greater of (A) the metropolitan area median family income or (B) statewide median family income; or(2)(B) For a census tract in a non-metropolitan area, the tract does not exceed 80% of the statewide median family income. However, in the case of a census tract located within a high migration rural county, low-income is defined by reference to 85% of statewide median family income.A “high migration rural county” is any rural county that, during the 20-year period ending with the year in which the most recent census was conducted, has a net outmigration of inhabitants from the county of at least 10% of the county population at the beginning of such period. Census tracts that are not low-income communities can be designated as Opportunity Zones if the tract is contiguous with a low income community that is designated as an Opportunity Zone and the median family income of the tract does not exceed 125% of the median family income of the low-income community with which the tract is contiguous. However, not more than 5% of the tracts designated as Opportunity Zones in a state may be designated under this provision. A determination that a tract is an Opportunity Zone shall remain in effect for ten calendar years.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents median income data over a decade or more for males and females categorized by Total, Full-Time Year-Round (FT), and Part-Time (PT) employment in Ludowici. It showcases annual income, providing insights into gender-specific income distributions and the disparities between full-time and part-time work. The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into gender-based pay disparity trends and explore the variations in income for male and female individuals.

Key observations: Insights from 2023

Based on our analysis ACS 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates, we present the following observations: - All workers, aged 15 years and older: In Ludowici, the median income for all workers aged 15 years and older, regardless of work hours, was $60,343 for males and $12,136 for females.

These income figures highlight a substantial gender-based income gap in Ludowici. Women, regardless of work hours, earn 20 cents for each dollar earned by men. This significant gender pay gap, approximately 80%, underscores concerning gender-based income inequality in the city of Ludowici.

- Full-time workers, aged 15 years and older: In Ludowici, among full-time, year-round workers aged 15 years and older, males earned a median income of $65,273, while females earned $27,422, leading to a 58% gender pay gap among full-time workers. This illustrates that women earn 42 cents for each dollar earned by men in full-time roles. This level of income gap emphasizes the urgency to address and rectify this ongoing disparity, where women, despite working full-time, face a more significant wage discrepancy compared to men in the same employment roles.

Remarkably, across all roles, including non-full-time employment, women displayed a similar gender pay gap percentage. This indicates a consistent gender pay gap scenario across various employment types in Ludowici, showcasing a consistent income pattern irrespective of employment status.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. All incomes have been adjusting for inflation and are presented in 2023-inflation-adjusted dollars.

Gender classifications include:

• Male
• Female

Employment type classifications include:

• Full-time, year-round: A full-time, year-round worker is a person who worked full time (35 or more hours per week) and 50 or more weeks during the previous calendar year.
• Part-time: A part-time worker is a person who worked less than 35 hours per week during the previous calendar year.

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column presents the data year. Expected values are 2010 to 2023
• Male Total Income: Annual median income, for males regardless of work hours
• Male FT Income: Annual median income, for males working full time, year-round
• Male PT Income: Annual median income, for males working part time
• Female Total Income: Annual median income, for females regardless of work hours
• Female FT Income: Annual median income, for females working full time, year-round
• Female PT Income: Annual median income, for females working part time

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

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Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Ludowici median household income by race. You can refer the same here

The Court Eviction Diversion Program provides financial assistance for both past due and future rent for households below 80% of area median income who are facing eviction and received a Forcible Detainer.Data Dictionary Field Name Field Type Field Description ID Integer Unique identifier Council_District text Council district the beneficiary resides. Amount Integer Amount paid to the beneficiary. Household Size Integer The total number of people in the household Race Text Race the beneficiary belongs to Ethnicity Text The Ethnicity of the beneficiary Gender Text The gender of the beneficiary DATE Date the date indicated on the invoice number: the date the case was created. Zip_Code Text Geographic indicator for the residence