The Terra Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) Version 3 (ASTGTM) provides a global digital elevation model (DEM) of land areas on Earth at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meter horizontal posting at the equator).The development of the ASTER GDEM data products is a collaborative effort between National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). The ASTER GDEM data products are created by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was created from the automated processing of the entire ASTER Level 1A archive of scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. Stereo correlation was used to produce over one million individual scene based ASTER DEMs, to which cloud masking was applied. All cloud screened DEMs and non-cloud screened DEMs were stacked. Residual bad values and outliers were removed. In areas with limited data stacking, several existing reference DEMs were used to supplement ASTER data to correct for residual anomalies. Selected data were averaged to create final pixel values before partitioning the data into 1 degree latitude by 1 degree longitude tiles with a one pixel overlap. To correct elevation values of water body surfaces, the ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product was also generated. The geographic coverage of the ASTER GDEM extends from 83° North to 83° South. Each tile is distributed in both a Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) and NetCDF4 format through NASA Earthdata Search and in standard GeoTIFF format through the LP DAAC Data Pool. Data are projected on the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each of the 22,912 tiles in the collection contain at least 0.01% land area. Provided in the ASTER GDEM product are layers for DEM and number of scenes (NUM). The NUM layer indicates the number of scenes that were processed for each pixel and the source of the data.While the ASTER GDEM Version 3 data products offer substantial improvements over Version 2, users are advised that the products still may contain anomalies and artifacts that will reduce its usability for certain applications. Known Issues ASTER GDEM Version 3 tiles overlap by one pixel to the north, south, east, and west of the tile perimeter. In most cases the overlapping edge pixels have identical pixel values, but it is possible that in some instances values will differ. * ASTER GDEM Version 3 is considered to be void free except for Greenland and Antarctica. Users are reminded that because there are known inaccuracies and artifacts in the dataset, to use the product with awareness of these limitations. The data are provided "as is" and neither NASA nor METI/Earth Resources Satellite Data Analysis Center (ERSDAC) will be responsible for any damages resulting from use of the data.Improvements/Changes from Previous Version Expansion of acquisition coverage to increase the amount of cloud free input scenes from about 1.5 million in Version 2 to about 1.88 million scenes in Version 3. Separation of rivers from lakes in the water body processing.* Minimum water body detection size decreased from 1 square kilometer (km²) to 0.2 km².

The ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product provides global coverage of water bodies larger than 0.2 square kilometers at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meters) at the equator, along with associated elevation information. The ASTWBD data product was created in conjunction with the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) Version 3 data product by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was generated using ASTER Level 1A (https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_L1A.003) scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. The ASTWBD data product was then generated to correct elevation values of water body surfaces.To generate the ASTWBD data product, water bodies were separated from land areas and then classified into three categories: ocean, river, or lake. Oceans and lakes have a flattened, constant elevation value. The effects of sea ice were manually removed from areas classified as oceans to better delineate ocean shorelines in high latitude areas. For lake waterbodies, the elevation for each lake was calculated from the perimeter elevation data using the mosaic image that covers the entire area of the lake. Rivers presented a unique challenge given that their elevations gradually step down from upstream to downstream; therefore, visual inspection and other manual detection methods were required. The geographic coverage of the ASTWBD extends from 83°N to 83°S. Each tile is distributed in GeoTIFF format and referenced to the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each data product is provided as a zipped file that contains an attribute file with the water body classification information and a DEM file, which provides elevation information in meters.

The ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product provides global coverage of water bodies larger than 0.2 square kilometers at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meters) at the equator, along with associated elevation information. The ASTWBD data product was created in conjunction with the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) Version 3 data product by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was generated using ASTER Level 1A (https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_L1A.003) scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. The ASTWBD data product was then generated to correct elevation values of water body surfaces.To generate the ASTWBD data product, water bodies were separated from land areas and then classified into three categories: ocean, river, or lake. Oceans and lakes have a flattened, constant elevation value. The effects of sea ice were manually removed from areas classified as oceans to better delineate ocean shorelines in high latitude areas. For lake waterbodies, the elevation for each lake was calculated from the perimeter elevation data using the mosaic image that covers the entire area of the lake. Rivers presented a unique challenge given that their elevations gradually step down from upstream to downstream; therefore, visual inspection and other manual detection methods were required. The geographic coverage of the ASTWBD extends from 83°N to 83°S. Each tile is distributed in NetCDF format and referenced to the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each ASTWBD_NC data product DEM file, which provides elevation information in meters. The corresponding ASTWBD_ATTNC file contains an attribute file with the water body classification information.

The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Expedited Level 1A Reconstructed Unprocessed Instrument Data (AST_L1AE) global product contains reconstructed, unprocessed instrument digital data derived from the acquired telemetry streams of the telescopes: Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR), Shortwave Infrared (SWIR), and Thermal Infrared (TIR). This data product is similar to the (AST_L1A) (http://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_L1A.003) with a few notable exceptions. These include: The AST_L1AE is available for download within 48 hours of acquisition in support of field calibration and validation efforts, in addition to emergency response for natural disasters where the quick turn-around time from acquisition to availability would prove beneficial in initial damage or impact assessments. The registration quality of the AST_L1AE is likely to be lower than the AST_L1A, and may vary from scene to scene. The AST_L1AE data product does not contain the VNIR 3B (aft-viewing) Band. This dataset does not have short-term calibration for the Thermal Infrared (TIR) sensor.* The AST_L1AE data product is only available for download 30 days after acquisition. It is then removed and reprocessed into an AST_L1A product.

description: ASTER Global Emissivity Database, North America, Summer, 100 meter, Binary (Suggested Usage: Science Research); abstract: ASTER Global Emissivity Database, North America, Summer, 100 meter, Binary (Suggested Usage: Science Research)

description: The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection radiometer Global Emissivity Database (ASTER GED) was developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology. The North America portion of this collection was formerly called the North American ASTER Land Surface Emissivity Database (NAALSED) - a seasonal dataset consisting of mean summer (J-A-S) and winter (J-F-M) products. ASTER GED products are output on 1degree x 1 degree grids at 100-meter or 1-kilometer spatial resolution (nominal) and include the mean emissivity and standard deviation for all 5 ASTER thermal infrared bands, mean land surface temperature (LST) and standard deviation, a re-sampled ASTER GDEM (not included in the North America Winter products), land-water mask, mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and standard deviation, latitude, longitude, and observation count. Additional ASTER GED product information is available at https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/community_products_table. Product tiles are available in HDF and binary format and may be downloaded via HTTP by visiting the following data clients: NASA Reverb (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov), LP DAAC Data Pool (http://e4ftl01.cr.usgs.gov/ASTT/), or EarthExplorer (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov).; abstract: The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection radiometer Global Emissivity Database (ASTER GED) was developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology. The North America portion of this collection was formerly called the North American ASTER Land Surface Emissivity Database (NAALSED) - a seasonal dataset consisting of mean summer (J-A-S) and winter (J-F-M) products. ASTER GED products are output on 1degree x 1 degree grids at 100-meter or 1-kilometer spatial resolution (nominal) and include the mean emissivity and standard deviation for all 5 ASTER thermal infrared bands, mean land surface temperature (LST) and standard deviation, a re-sampled ASTER GDEM (not included in the North America Winter products), land-water mask, mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and standard deviation, latitude, longitude, and observation count. Additional ASTER GED product information is available at https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/community_products_table. Product tiles are available in HDF and binary format and may be downloaded via HTTP by visiting the following data clients: NASA Reverb (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov), LP DAAC Data Pool (http://e4ftl01.cr.usgs.gov/ASTT/), or EarthExplorer (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov).

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) dataset provides monthly emissivity uncertainty at 0.05 degree (~5 kilometer) resolution (CAM5K30UC). CAM5K30UC is an estimation of total emissivity uncertainty, comprising 3 independent components of variability: temporal, spatial, and algorithm. Each measure of uncertainty is provided for all 13 hinge points of emissivity and each latitude-longitude point. Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). Corresponding emissivity values can be found in the CAM5K30EM data product.

Provided in the CAM5K30UC product are layers for algorithm uncertainty, spatial uncertainty, temporal uncertainty, total uncertainty, latitude, longitude, spectral wavelength, CAMEL quality, and total uncertainty quality information.

Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * Version 2 includes two additional laboratory datasets to more accurately characterize snowy scenes.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/competitive-programs/measures)) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) dataset provides monthly emissivity at 0.05 degree (~5 kilometer) resolution (CAM5K30EM). The CAM5K30EM data product was created by combining the University of Wisconsin-Madison MODIS Baseline Fit (UWBF) emissivity database and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset Version 4 (GED V4). The two datasets have been integrated to capitalize on the unique strengths of each product's characteristics.The integration steps include adjustment of ASTER GED Version 3 emissivities for vegetation and snow cover variations to produce ASTER GED Version 4, aggregation of ASTER GED Version 4 emissivities from 100 meter resolution to the UWBF 5 kilometer resolution, merging of the five ASTER spectral emissivities with the UWBF emissivity to create CAMEL at 13 hinge points, and extension of the 13 hinge points to high spectral resolution (HSR) utilizing the Principal Component (PC) regression method. Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD).Provided in the CAM5K30EM product are layers for the CAMEL emissivity, ASTER Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), snow fraction derived from MODIS (MOD10), latitude, longitude, CAMEL quality, ASTER quality, and the UWBF emissivity quality information.Known Issues The following granules are missing from the product: January, February, and August of 2000; June and July of 2001; March of 2002; December of 2003; July of 2010; and February of 2016.Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions Version 3 includes new MODIS Terra and Aqua Land Surface Temperature and 3-Band Emissivity (MYD/MOD21) input data in the University of Wisconsin-Madison MODIS Baseline Fit (UWBF) emissivity database and the latest 6.1 version of MODIS Terra and Aqua Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (MYD/MOD11) and MYD/MOD21 products with the most up-to-date calibration corrections. Additional information on the Version 3 updates is provided in Section 2 of the User Guide and ATBD.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/community/community-data-system-programs/measures-projects) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) dataset provides monthly coefficients at 0.05 degree (~5 kilometer) resolution (CAM5K30CF). The CAMEL Principal Components Analysis (PCA) input coefficients utilized in the CAMEL high spectral resolution (HSR) algorithm are provided in the CAM5K30CF data product and are congruent to the temporally equivalent CAM5K30EM (https://doi.org/10.5067/MEaSUREs/LSTE/CAM5K30EM.003) emissivity data product. Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD).Provided in the CAM5K30CF product are layers for PCA coefficients, number of PCA coefficients, laboratory version, snow fraction derived from MODIS Snow Cover data (MOD10), latitude, longitude, and the CAMEL quality information. PCA coefficients are dependent on the version of lab Principal Component (PC) data and the number of PCs used.Known Issues The following granules are missing from the product: January, February, and August of 2000; June and July of 2001; March of 2002; December of 2003; July of 2010; and February of 2016.Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions Version 3 includes new MODIS Terra and Aqua Land Surface Temperature and 3-Band Emissivity (MYD/MOD21) input data in the University of Wisconsin-Madison MODIS Baseline Fit (UWBF) emissivity database and the latest 6.1 version of MODIS Terra and Aqua Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (MYD/MOD11) and MYD/MOD21 products with the most up-to-date calibration corrections. Additional information on the Version 3 updates is provided in Section 2 of the User Guide and ATBD.

This dataset represents multiple products archived at the Land Processes DAAC for ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) aboard the Terra satellite. This dataset is provided by NASA EOSDIS as a single point of entry for this suite of products. The provided access URL is link to EOSDIS's Earthdata Search tool with a pre-populated query that will bring up all products archived by EOSDIS with imagery provided by the ASTER instrument.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/competitive-programs/measures)) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) data suite has been expanded to include a monthly global uncertainty climatology product (CAM5K30UCCLIM). The product is provided at 0.05 degree (~5 kilometer) resolution. The 13 hinge-point uncertainty climatology is computed by taking an average over each available month from 2003 through 2021 (19 years) and includes three independent components of variability: temporal, spatial, and algorithm. Each measure of uncertainty climatology is provided for all 13 hinge points of emissivity and each latitude-longitude point. Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). Corresponding emissivity values can be found in the CAM5K30EMCLIM (https://doi.org/10.5067/MEaSUREs/LSTE/CAM5K30EMCLIM.003) data product.Provided in the CAM5K30UCCLIM product are variables for algorithm uncertainty, spatial uncertainty, temporal uncertainty, total uncertainty, latitude, longitude, spectral wavelength, and total uncertainty quality flag information.

ASTER Global Emissivity Database, 1 kilometer, HDF5

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/competitive-programs/measures)) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) data suite has been expanded to include a monthly global covariances climatology product (CAM5K30COVCLIM). The product is provided at 0.25 degree (~25 kilometer) resolution. The CAMEL covariance product includes the mean and variance of the covariance matrixes created for each month from 2003 through 2021 (19 years) on a 0.25 x 0.25 degree grid of 416 spectral points from the V003 CAMEL Emissivity product (CAM5K30EM (https://doi.org/10.5067/MEaSUREs/LSTE/CAM5K30EM.003)). Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). Provided in the CAM5K30COVCLIM product are variables for the mean and variance of the emissivity, latitude, longitude, spectral frequencies, and number of observations.

The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection radiometer Global Emissivity Database (ASTER GED) was developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology. The North America portion of this collection was formerly called the North American ASTER Land Surface Emissivity Database (NAALSED) - a seasonal dataset consisting of mean summer (J-A-S) and winter (J-F-M) products.

ASTER GED products are output on 1degree x 1 degree grids at 100-meter or 1-kilometer spatial resolution (nominal) and include the mean emissivity and standard deviation for all 5 ASTER thermal infrared bands, mean land surface temperature (LST) and standard deviation, a re-sampled ASTER GDEM (not included in the North America Winter products), land-water mask, mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and standard deviation, latitude, longitude, and observation count.

Additional ASTER GED product information is available at https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/community_products_table. Product tiles are available in HDF and binary format and may be downloaded via HTTP by visiting the following data clients: NASA Reverb (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov), LP DAAC Data Pool (http://e4ftl01.cr.usgs.gov/ASTT/), or EarthExplorer (http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov).

The digital 3-dimenional (3D) mineral mapping suite of Queensland comprises ~20 “standardized” products at the spectral resolution of the ASTER (Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) sensor and generated from publicly-available satellite, airborne, field and drill core spectral data spanning the visible near infrared (VNIR; 0.4 to 1.0 µm), shortwave infrared (SWIR; 1.0 to 2.5 µm) and thermal infrared (TIR; 7.5 to 12.0 µm) wavelength regions, including: 1.\tSatellite ASTER maps at both 30 m and 90 m pixel resolution with complete coverage of the state of Queensland, i.e. 1.853 million km²; 2.\tAirborne HyMap maps at ~5 m pixel resolution with a coverage of ~25,000 km2 from areas across north Queensland; 3.\tField point samples (~300) from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) collected from a depth of 0-10 cm of flood overbank sediments; 4.\tDrill-core profiles (~20) of the National Virtual Core Library (NVCL) selected from the area around the Georgetown seismic line (07GA-IG2). Key to the processing of the remote sensing data-sets (ASTER and HyMap) was the implementation of unmixing methods to remove the effects dry and green vegetation. This unmixing was not applied to the Australian ASTER geoscience maps released in 2012 (called here Version 1 or V1) resulting in extensive areas with little/no mineral information because of the need to apply masks. The vegetation unmixing methods used in the Version 2 (V2) processing of the ASTER and HyMap imagery has resulted in very few areas without coherent mineral information. The resultant V2 “mineral group” products were designed to measure mineral information potentially useful for mapping: (i) primary rock composition; (ii) superimposed alteration effects; and (iii) regolith cover. These V2 products may assist in mapping soil properties and groundwater conditions. However their relatively low spectral resolution (based on ASTER’s 14 VNIR-SWIR-TIR bands) means that they do not provide the high level of mineralogical detail available from hyperspectral systems (>100 spectral bands), like HyMap and the HyLogger. Nevertheless, the relatively low spectral resolution of ASTER means that all other sensor data can be spectrally resampled to that resolution. Furthermore, the ASTER global data archive, which now spans entire Earth’s land surface <80degrees latitude, means that it can be used as global base-map for integrating all other spectral data.

Lineage: The raw ASTER data used in this project are freely available from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Centre (LPDAAC) (https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/dataset_discovery/aster/aster_products_table/ast_l1t) as well as NASA’s REVERB (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov) and Japan’s Advanced Institute for Science Technology (AIST) https://gbank.gsj.jp/madas/map. The Australian ASTER Geoscience (V1) Maps can be downloaded from CSIRO’s Data Access Portal (DAP) (https://data.csiro.au/dap/landingpage?pid=csiro%3A6182) and Geoscience Australia’s Australian Geoscience Information Network, Geoscience Australia (AUSGIN) (http://portal.geoscience.gov.au/gmap.html). The NVCL data can be downloaded from http://www.auscope.org.au/nvcl or http://portal.geoscience.gov.au/gmap.html. The National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) spectral data is accessible via CSIRO’s Data Access Portal http://www.ga.gov.au/about/projects/minerals-archive/concluded/national-geochemical-survey.

EarthExplorerUse the USGS EarthExplorer (EE) to search, download, and order satellite images, aerial photographs, and cartographic products. In addition to data from the Landsat missions and a variety of other data providers, EE provides access to MODIS land data products from the NASA Terra and Aqua missions, and ASTER level-1B data products over the U.S. and Territories from the NASA ASTER mission. Registered users of EE have access to more features than guest users.Earth Explorer Distribution DownloadThe EarthExplorer user interface is an online search, discovery, and ordering tool developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). EarthExplorer supports the searching of satellite, aircraft, and other remote sensing inventories through interactive and textual-based query capabilities. Through the interface, users can identify search areas, datasets, and display metadata, browse and integrated visual services within the interface.The distributable version of EarthExplorer provides the basic software to provide this functionality. Users are responsible for verification of system recommendations for hosting the application on your own servers. By default, this version of our code is not hooked up to a data source so you will have to integrate the interface with your data. Integration options include service-based API's, databases, and anything else that stores data. To integrate with a data source simply replace the contents of the 'getDataset' and 'search' functions in the CWIC.php file.Distribution is being provided due to users requests for the codebase. The EarthExplorer source code is provided "As Is", without a warranty or support of any kind. The software is in the public domain; it is available to any government or private institution.The software code base is managed through the USGS Configuration Management Board. The software is managed through an automated configuration management tool that updates the code base when new major releases have been thoroughly reviewed and tested.Link: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/

This paper presents a glacial geomorphological map of the landforms created by five large ice lobes that extended eastwards from the southernmost reaches of the Patagonian Ice Sheet during the Quaternary period. The study is focussed on Tierra del Fuego, but also updates previous mapping of the Skyring and Otway lobes, and the resulting level of detail and extent is a significant advance on previous work in the region. The map has been created as the necessary precursor for an improved understanding of the glacial history of the region, and to underpin a programme of dating glacial limits in the region. It was produced using Landsat ETM+ and ASTER satellite imagery and vertical aerial photography, supplemented by Google Earth™ imagery and field-checking. Eleven landform types were mapped: moraine ridges, subdued moraine topography, kettle-kame topography, glacial lineations, irregular and regular hummocky terrain, irregular dissected ridges, eskers, meltwater channels, former shorelines and outwash plains. The map reveals three important characteristics of the glacial geomorphology. First, the geomorphic systems are largely dominated by landforms associated with meltwater (channels, outwash plains and kettle-kame topography). Second, there is a difference in the nature of landforms associated with the northern three ice lobes, where limits are generally marked by numerous clear moraine ridges, compared to those to the south, where hummocky terrain and drift limits prevail. Finally, cross-cutting landforms offer evidence of multiple advances, in places, which has implications for the timing of limit deposition, and thus for the design and interpretation of a dating programme.

A 'Digital Elevation Model (DEM)' is a 3D approximation of the terrain's surface created from elevation data. The term 'Digital Surface Model (DSM)' represents the earth's surface and includes all objects including e.g. forests, buildings. The Digital Elevation Model over Europe from the GMES Reference Data Access project (EU-DEM) is a Digital Surface Model (DSM) representing the first surface as illuminated by the sensors. EU-DEM covers the 39 member and cooperating countries of EEA. The EU-DEM is a hybrid product based on SRTM and ASTER GDEM data fused by a weighted averaging approach. Different products have been derived from the EU-DEM, including raster’s of the slope, terrain aspect and hillshade. The different products are made available in both full-European coverage as in a set of 25 tiles covering 1000x1000km each. The EU-DEM map shows a colour shaded relief image over Europe, which has been created by EEA using a hillshade dataset derived from the ETRS89-LAEA version of EU-DEM. As this data cannot be used for analysis purposes (and that there are some known artefacts West of Norway), the downloadable data are single band raster’s with values relating to the actual elevation. The datasets are encoded as GeoTIFF with LZW compression (tiles) or DEFLATE compression (European mosaics as single files). The Web maps include WFS, WMS and WCS services. The EU-DEM statistical validation documents a relatively unbiased (-0.56 meters) overall vertical accuracy of 2.9 meters RMSE, which is fully within the contractual specification of 7m RMSE and the full report can be found at [1].

[1] https://cws-download.eea.europa.eu/in-situ/eudem/Report-EU-DEM-statistical-validation-August2014.pdf

The ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product provides global coverage of water bodies larger than 0.2 square kilometers at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meters) at the equator, along with associated elevation information. The ASTWBD data product was created in conjunction with the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) Version 3 data product by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was generated using ASTER Level 1A (https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_L1A.003) scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. The ASTWBD data product was then generated to correct elevation values of water body surfaces.To generate the ASTWBD data product, water bodies were separated from land areas and then classified into three categories: ocean, river, or lake. Oceans and lakes have a flattened, constant elevation value. The effects of sea ice were manually removed from areas classified as oceans to better delineate ocean shorelines in high latitude areas. For lake waterbodies, the elevation for each lake was calculated from the perimeter elevation data using the mosaic image that covers the entire area of the lake. Rivers presented a unique challenge given that their elevations gradually step down from upstream to downstream; therefore, visual inspection and other manual detection methods were required. The geographic coverage of the ASTWBD extends from 83°N to 83°S. Each tile is distributed in GeoTIFF format and referenced to the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each data product is provided as a zipped file that contains an attribute file with the water body classification information and a DEM file, which provides elevation information in meters.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/competitive-programs/measures)) Combined Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Emissivity for Land (CAMEL) data suite has been expanded to include a monthly global coefficient climatology product (CAM5K30CFCLIM). The product is provided at 0.05 degree (~5 kilometer) resolution. The CAMEL Principal Components Analysis (PCA) input coefficients utilized in the CAMEL high spectral resolution (HSR) algorithm are provided in the CAM5K30CFCLIM data product. This HSR algorithm is accessible in both MATLAB and FORTRAN programming languages, and it corresponds with the temporally equivalent CAM5K30EMCLIM (https://doi.org/10.5067/MEaSUREs/LSTE/CAM5K30EMCLIM.003) emissivity data product. The HSR emissivity spectra for the same month each year and each unique combination of lab dataset version and number of Principal Components (PC)s are first computed independently and then combined via a weighted average. The weighted average over 2003 through 2021 (19 years) defines the weights by the number of samples from each unique combination. Additional details regarding the methodology are available in the User Guide and Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD).Provided in the CAM5K30CFCLIM product are variables for PCA coefficients, the weights and sample numbers of the climatology coefficients used in the average calculation, sets of the number of PCA coefficients, laboratory version numbers, latitude, longitude, and land flag information. PCA coefficients depend on the lab PC data version and the number of PCs used.