In 2025, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for medical professional services in the United States was at 432.46, compared to the period from 1982 to 1984 (=100). The CPI for hospital services was at 1,102.12.

The Consumer Sentiment Index in the United States stood at 51 in November 2025. This reflected a drop of 2.6 point from the previous survey. Furthermore, this was its lowest level measured since June 2022. The index is normalized to a value of 100 in December 1964 and based on a monthly survey of consumers, conducted in the continental United States. It consists of about 50 core questions which cover consumers' assessments of their personal financial situation, their buying attitudes and overall economic conditions.

West Virginia and Kansas had the lowest cost of living across all U.S. states, with composite costs being half of those found in Hawaii. This was according to a composite index that compares prices for various goods and services on a state-by-state basis. In West Virginia, the cost of living index amounted to **** — well below the national benchmark of 100. Virginia— which had an index value of ***** — was only slightly above that benchmark. Expensive places to live included Hawaii, Massachusetts, and California. Housing costs in the U.S. Housing is usually the highest expense in a household’s budget. In 2023, the average house sold for approximately ******* U.S. dollars, but house prices in the Northeast and West regions were significantly higher. Conversely, the South had some of the least expensive housing. In West Virginia, Mississippi, and Louisiana, the median price of the typical single-family home was less than ******* U.S. dollars. That makes living expenses in these states significantly lower than in states such as Hawaii and California, where housing is much pricier. What other expenses affect the cost of living? Utility costs such as electricity, natural gas, water, and internet also influence the cost of living. In Alaska, Hawaii, and Connecticut, the average monthly utility cost exceeded *** U.S. dollars. That was because of the significantly higher prices for electricity and natural gas in these states.

The average for 2021 based on 165 countries was 79.81 index points. The highest value was in Bermuda: 212.7 index points and the lowest value was in Syria: 33.25 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Living Cost: Average per Month: SF: Republic of Crimea data was reported at 11,074.000 RUB in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 10,945.000 RUB for Sep 2020. Living Cost: Average per Month: SF: Republic of Crimea data is updated quarterly, averaging 9,798.500 RUB from Sep 2014 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,074.000 RUB in Dec 2020 and a record low of 5,786.000 RUB in Sep 2014. Living Cost: Average per Month: SF: Republic of Crimea data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF001: Living Cost.

Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Chukotka Area data was reported at 23,999.000 RUB in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 23,860.000 RUB for Sep 2020. Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Chukotka Area data is updated quarterly, averaging 11,724.000 RUB from Jun 2003 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 71 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,999.000 RUB in Dec 2020 and a record low of 5,744.000 RUB in Dec 2003. Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Chukotka Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF001: Living Cost.

"Cost of living and purchasing power related to average income

We adjusted the average cost of living inside the USA (based on 2021 and 2022) to an index of 100. All other countries are related to this index. Therefore with an index of e.g. 80, the usual expenses in another country are 20% less then in the United States.

The monthly income (please do not confuse this with a wage or salary) is calculated from the gross national income per capita.

The calculated purchasing power index is again based on a value of 100 for the United States. If it is higher, people can afford more based on the cost of living in relation to income. If it is lower, the population is less wealthy.

The example of Switzerland: With a cost of living index of 142 all goods are on average about 42% more expensive than in the USA. But the average income in Switzerland of 7,550 USD is also 28% higher, which means that citizens can also afford more goods. Now you calculate the 42% higher costs against the 28% higher income. In the result, people in Switzerland can afford about 10 percent less than a US citizen."

Source: https://www.worlddata.info/cost-of-living.php

In October 2025, 63 percent of households in Great Britain reported that their cost of living had increased in the previous month, compared with 72 percent in April. Although the share of people reporting a cost of living increase has generally been falling since August 2022, when 91 percent of households reported an increase, the most recent figures indicate that the Cost of Living Crisis is still ongoing for many households in the UK. Crisis ligers even as inflation falls Although various factors have been driving the Cost of Living Crisis in Britain, high inflation has undoubtedly been one of the main factors. After several years of relatively low inflation, the CPI inflation rate shot up from 2021 onwards, hitting a high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. In the months since that peak, inflation has fallen to more usual levels, and was 2.5 percent in December 2024, slightly up from 1.7 percent in September. Since June 2023, wages have also started to grow at a faster rate than inflation, albeit after a long period where average wages were falling relative to overall price increases. Economy continues to be the main issue for voters Ahead of the last UK general election, the economy was consistently selected as the main issue for voters for several months. Although the Conservative Party was seen by voters as the best party for handling the economy before October 2022, this perception collapsed following the market's reaction to Liz Truss' mini-budget. Even after changing their leader from Truss to Rishi Sunak, the Conservatives continued to fall in the polls, and would go onto lose the election decisively. Since the election, the economy remains the most important issue in the UK, although it was only slightly ahead of immigration and health as of January 2025.

Living Cost: Average per Month: NC: Republic of Ingushetia data was reported at 10,353.000 RUB in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 10,336.000 RUB for Sep 2020. Living Cost: Average per Month: NC: Republic of Ingushetia data is updated quarterly, averaging 4,872.500 RUB from Mar 2001 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 80 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,571.000 RUB in Jun 2020 and a record low of 1,121.000 RUB in Mar 2001. Living Cost: Average per Month: NC: Republic of Ingushetia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF001: Living Cost.

Ireland: Cost of living index, world average = 100: The latest value from 2021 is 175.68 index points, an increase from 157.19 index points in 2017. In comparison, the world average is 79.81 index points, based on data from 165 countries. Historically, the average for Ireland from 2017 to 2021 is 166.44 index points. The minimum value, 157.19 index points, was reached in 2017 while the maximum of 175.68 index points was recorded in 2021.

Graph and download economic data for Estimated Mean Real Household Wages Adjusted by Cost of Living for Charleston County, SC (MWACL45019) from 2009 to 2023 about Charleston County, SC; Charleston; adjusted; SC; average; wages; real; and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Estimated Mean Real Household Wages Adjusted by Cost of Living for Davidson County, TN (MWACL47037) from 2009 to 2023 about Davidson County, TN; Nashville; adjusted; TN; average; wages; real; and USA.

Russia Living Cost: Average per Month: Annual data was reported at 14,375.000 RUB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 12,654.000 RUB for 2022. Russia Living Cost: Average per Month: Annual data is updated yearly, averaging 12,654.000 RUB from Dec 2021 (Median) to 2023, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14,375.000 RUB in 2023 and a record low of 11,653.000 RUB in 2021. Russia Living Cost: Average per Month: Annual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF001: Living Cost.

Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Amur Region data was reported at 13,530.000 RUB in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 13,281.000 RUB for Sep 2020. Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Amur Region data is updated quarterly, averaging 7,939.000 RUB from Dec 2001 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 77 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,530.000 RUB in Dec 2020 and a record low of 1,889.000 RUB in Dec 2001. Living Cost: Average per Month: FE: Amur Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF001: Living Cost.

U.S. Software Developer Salaries

Analyzing Regional Variations

By [source]

About this dataset

This dataset provides an extensive look into the financial health of software developers in major cities and metropolitan areas around the United States. We explore disparities between states and cities in terms of mean software developer salaries, median home prices, cost of living avgs, rent avgs, cost of living plus rent avgs and local purchasing power averages. Through this data set we can gain insights on how to better understand which areas are more financially viable than others when seeking employment within the software development field. Our data allow us to uncover patterns among certain geographic locations in order to identify other compelling financial opportunities that software developers may benefit from

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How to use the dataset

This dataset contains valuable information about software developer salaries across states and cities in the United States. It is important for recruiters and professionals alike to understand what kind of compensation software developers are likely to receive, as it may be beneficial when considering job opportunities or applying for a promotion. This guide will provide an overview of what you can learn from this dataset.

The data is organized by metropolitan areas, which encompass multiple cities within the same geographical region (e.g., “New York-Northern New Jersey” covers both New York City and Newark). From there, each metro can be broken down further into a number of different factors that may affect software developer salaries in the area:

• Mean Software Developer Salary (adjusted): The average salary of software developers in that particular metro area after accounting for cost of living differences within the region.
• Mean Software Developer Salary (unadjusted): The average salary of software developers in that particular metro area before adjusting for cost-of-living discrepancies between locales.
• Number of Software Developer Jobs: This column lists how many total jobs are available to software developers in this particular metropolitan area.
• Median Home Price: A metric which shows median value of all homes currently on the market within this partcular city or state. It helps gauge how expensive housing costs might be to potential residents who already have an idea about their income/salary range expectations when considering a move/relocation into another location or potentially looking at mortgage/rental options etc.. 5) Cost Of Living Avg: A metric designed to measure affordability using local prices paid on common consumer goods like food , transportation , health care , housing & other services etc.. Also prominent here along with rent avg ,cost od living plus rent avg helping compare relative cost structures between different locations while assessing potential remunerations & risk associated with them . 6)Local Purchasing Power Avg : A measure reflecting expected difference in discretionary spending ability among households regardless their income level upon relocation due to price discrepancies across locations allows individual assessment critical during job search particularly regarding relocation as well as comparison based decision making across prospective candidates during any hiring process . 7 ) Rent Avg : Average rental costs for homes / apartments dealbreakers even among prime job prospects particularly medium income earners.(basis family size & other constraints ) 8 ) Cost Of Living Plus Rent Avg : Used here as one sized fits perspective towards measuring overall cost structure including items

Research Ideas

• Comparing salaries of software developers in different cities to determine which city provides the best compensation package.
• Estimating the cost of relocating to a new city by looking at average costs such as rent and cost of living.
• Predicting job growth for software developers by analyzing factors like local purchasing power, median home price and number of jobs available

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking perm...

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 107.05 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 211.98 index points and the lowest value was in Belarus: 40.99 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The Comoros: Cost of living index, world average = 100: The latest value from 2021 is 76.31 index points, an increase from 70.11 index points in 2017. In comparison, the world average is 79.81 index points, based on data from 165 countries. Historically, the average for the Comoros from 2017 to 2021 is 73.21 index points. The minimum value, 70.11 index points, was reached in 2017 while the maximum of 76.31 index points was recorded in 2021.

Kazakhstan Cost of Living: Average per Capita: City: Shymkent data was reported at 26,400.000 KZT in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 26,207.000 KZT for Sep 2018. Kazakhstan Cost of Living: Average per Capita: City: Shymkent data is updated monthly, averaging 26,195.000 KZT from Jun 2018 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26,400.000 KZT in Oct 2018 and a record low of 24,740.000 KZT in Jul 2018. Kazakhstan Cost of Living: Average per Capita: City: Shymkent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.H012: Cost of Living: Average per Capita.

Graph and download economic data for Estimated Mean Real Household Wages Adjusted by Cost of Living for Erie County, NY (MWACL36029) from 2009 to 2023 about Erie County, NY; Buffalo; adjusted; average; NY; wages; real; and USA.

Living Cost: Average per Month: Children: Annual data was reported at 13,944.000 RUB in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 12,274.000 RUB for 2022. Living Cost: Average per Month: Children: Annual data is updated yearly, averaging 12,274.000 RUB from Dec 2021 (Median) to 2023, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,944.000 RUB in 2023 and a record low of 11,303.000 RUB in 2021. Living Cost: Average per Month: Children: Annual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HF004: Living Cost: Children.