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    Weighted study characteristics.

    • plos.figshare.com
    xls
    Updated Jan 19, 2024
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    Jennifer W. He; Amanda L. Terry; Dan Lizotte; Greta Bauer; Bridget L. Ryan (2024). Weighted study characteristics. [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296657.t001
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    xlsAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jan 19, 2024
    Dataset provided by
    PLOS ONE
    Authors
    Jennifer W. He; Amanda L. Terry; Dan Lizotte; Greta Bauer; Bridget L. Ryan
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    BackgroundDespite the Canadian healthcare system’s commitment to equity, evidence for disparate access to primary care (PC) providers exists across individual social identities/positions. Intersectionality allows us to reflect the realities of how social power shapes healthcare experiences at an individual’s interdependent and intersecting social identities/positions. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the extent to which intersections can be used classify those who had/did not have a PC provider; (2) the degree to which each social identity/position contributes to the ability to classify individuals as having a PC provider; and (3) predicted probabilities of having a PC provider for each intersection.Methods and findingsUsing national cross-sectional data from 241,445 individuals in Canada aged ≥18, we constructed 320 intersections along the dimensions of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income to examine the outcome of whether one had a PC provider. Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy, a multi-level model using individual-level data, was employed to address intersectional objectives. An intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 23% (95%CI: 21–26%) suggests that these intersections could, to a very good extent, explain individual variation in the outcome, with age playing the largest role. Not all between-intersection variance in this outcome could be explained by additive effects of dimensions (remaining ICC: 6%; 95%CI: 2–16%). The highest intersectional predicted probability existed for established immigrant, older South Asian women with high income. The lowest intersectional predicted probability existed for recently immigrated, young, Black men with low income.ConclusionsDespite a “universal” healthcare system, our analysis demonstrated a substantial amount of inequity in primary care across intersections of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income.

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Click to copy link
Link copied
Close
Cite
Jennifer W. He; Amanda L. Terry; Dan Lizotte; Greta Bauer; Bridget L. Ryan (2024). Weighted study characteristics. [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296657.t001

Weighted study characteristics.

Related Article
Explore at:
9 scholarly articles cite this dataset (View in Google Scholar)
xlsAvailable download formats
Dataset updated
Jan 19, 2024
Dataset provided by
PLOS ONE
Authors
Jennifer W. He; Amanda L. Terry; Dan Lizotte; Greta Bauer; Bridget L. Ryan
License

Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically

Description

BackgroundDespite the Canadian healthcare system’s commitment to equity, evidence for disparate access to primary care (PC) providers exists across individual social identities/positions. Intersectionality allows us to reflect the realities of how social power shapes healthcare experiences at an individual’s interdependent and intersecting social identities/positions. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the extent to which intersections can be used classify those who had/did not have a PC provider; (2) the degree to which each social identity/position contributes to the ability to classify individuals as having a PC provider; and (3) predicted probabilities of having a PC provider for each intersection.Methods and findingsUsing national cross-sectional data from 241,445 individuals in Canada aged ≥18, we constructed 320 intersections along the dimensions of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income to examine the outcome of whether one had a PC provider. Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy, a multi-level model using individual-level data, was employed to address intersectional objectives. An intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 23% (95%CI: 21–26%) suggests that these intersections could, to a very good extent, explain individual variation in the outcome, with age playing the largest role. Not all between-intersection variance in this outcome could be explained by additive effects of dimensions (remaining ICC: 6%; 95%CI: 2–16%). The highest intersectional predicted probability existed for established immigrant, older South Asian women with high income. The lowest intersectional predicted probability existed for recently immigrated, young, Black men with low income.ConclusionsDespite a “universal” healthcare system, our analysis demonstrated a substantial amount of inequity in primary care across intersections of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income.

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