In 2023, there were around *** million fraud crimes recorded in China. This made fraud the most common crime committed. The number of fraud crimes showed constant fluctuations in recent years, while theft crimes decreased considerably. Crime situation in China According to governmental statistics, the total number of crimes committed in China has decreased over the past years, amounting to **** million cases in 2022, the lowest number in the last ten years. However, the number of arrests of criminal suspects in China reached a high in 2019 with over **** million arrests, receding only recently due to the coronavirus pandemic. ************************* were the top three types of crimes in China. The country has a lower murder rate compared to many other countries in the world. City safety in China Generally speaking, the crime rate is associated with population density. In regions with higher population densities, there are also more theft and robbery crimes committed. Even though some Chinese cities have the highest population densities in the world, the crime rate of these regions are still low when compared to global rates. Cities in China are also widely covered with closed-circuit television cameras, which have contributed positively to the reduction of crimes as well as to the crime detection rate.

China crime rate per 100K population for 2020 was 0.50, a 3.22% decline from 2019.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>China crime rate per 100K population for 2019 was <strong>0.52</strong>, a <strong>2.27% decline</strong> from 2018.</li>
<li>China crime rate per 100K population for 2018 was <strong>0.53</strong>, a <strong>6.27% decline</strong> from 2017.</li>
<li>China crime rate per 100K population for 2017 was <strong>0.57</strong>, a <strong>8.01% decline</strong> from 2016.</li>
</ul>Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.

In 2023, around *** million incidents of crime were recorded in China. That was about 73,000 cases more than in the previous year, when **** million incidents were reported. Crime in China The total number of crimes in China increased steadily from around *** million incidents in 1999 to nearly *** million in 2015. Since 2015, the number of recorded crimes started to drop, most probably due to new protection and surveillance technologies. In relation to the population size of *** billion people in China, the number of crimes committed is not very high compared to other countries. For example, the United Sates reported more crimes in 2022 than all of China, although the total population of China was considerably greater. The crime rate of Singapore, as an example for a country in the Asia Pacific region, is also quite a bit higher than in China. However, one must bear in mind that the definition of crimes, the willingness to report crimes, and accounting measures may vary in different countries. Most common crimes in China When it comes to different types of crimes, theft and fraud are far the most common crimes committed in China. In 2023, these two categories accounted for around ** percent of all criminal incidents. Theft was also the crime that decreased most in recent years, while technological options for property protection and surveillance in general have improved significantly. The number of murders was relatively low at ***** cases, which was around **** cases per 100,000 inhabitants.

China: Homicides per 100,000 people: The latest value from 2017 is 0.6 homicides per 100,000 people, unchanged from 0.6 homicides per 100,000 people in 2016. In comparison, the world average is 7.4 homicides per 100,000 people, based on data from 97 countries. Historically, the average for China from 1995 to 2017 is 1.4 homicides per 100,000 people. The minimum value, 0.6 homicides per 100,000 people, was reached in 2016 while the maximum of 2.2 homicides per 100,000 people was recorded in 1995.

Crime is a significant social, economic, and legal issue. This paper presents an open-access spatiotemporal repository of street and neighborhood crime data, comprising approximately one million records of crimes in China, with specific geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) and timestamps for each incident. The dataset is based on publicly available law court judgment documents. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are employed to extract crime events at the neighborhood or even building level from vast amounts of unstructured judicial text. This dataset enables more precise spatial analysis of crime incidents, offering valuable insights across interdisciplinary fields such as economics, sociology, and geography. It contributes significantly to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in fostering sustainable cities and communities, and plays a crucial role in advancing efforts to reduce all forms of violence and related mortality rates.citation: Zhang Y, Kwan M P, Fang L. An LLM driven dataset on the spatiotemporal distributions of street and neighborhood crime in China[J]. Scientific Data, 2025, 12(1): 467.关于该数据的问题可以访问我的个人网站获取我的联系方式：https://www.giserzhang.xyz/

The statistic shows the proportion of criminal offences recorded in China in 2023, by type of crime. In 2023, counterfeiting made up **** percent of all criminal offences committed in China.

In 2023, there were around **** million theft crimes registered by the police in China. While the number of theft cases has decreased considerably in recent years, fraud crimes have fluctuated.

In 2023, there were around ***** murder cases registered by the police in China. While the number of murder cases has decreased gradually over recent years, the number of rape crimes has remained comparatively stable.

Historical dataset showing China crime rate per 100K population by year from 1995 to 2020.

This paper presents the first analysis of ethnic discrimination in sentencing patterns in the People's Republic of China, focusing on drug cases in Yunnan province. We posit the ``problem minority" hypothesis, which holds that discrimination in an authoritarian system emerges when an ethnic group becomes associated with behavior that generates social instability. On average, minority defendants in Yunnan receive sentences that are about 2.1 to 7.5 months longer than Han defendants that have committed similar drug crimes. Further analysis of data from all provinces reveals that this bias is largest for groups heavily involved in the drug trade, and in provinces with significant minority populations and drugs.

This statistic represents the crime rate of taxi and car-hailing services in China in 2017. That year, around 0.05 crime cases related to car-hailing services were registered per 10,000 drivers in China.

Wildlife crimes that involve smuggling threaten national security and biodiversity, cause regional conflicts, and hinder economic development, especially in developing countries with abundant wildlife resources. Over the past few decades, significant headway has been made in combating wildlife smuggling and the related illegal domestic trade in China. Previous studies on the wildlife smuggling trade were mostly based on customs punishment and confiscation data. From the China Judgments Online website, we retrieved cases related to cross-border wildlife and wildlife products smuggling from 2014 to 2020. A total of 510 available cases and 927 records for more than 110 species were registered. We thoroughly studied each judgment and ruling file to extract information on cases, defendants, species, sentences, and origins and destinations of wildlife and wildlife products. Furthermore, frequency of origin-destination place occurrences and spatial patterns of cross-border wildlife crime in China were shown in this data paper. The main purpose of our dataset is to make these wildlife and wildlife products trade data accessible for researchers to develop conservation studies. We expect that this dataset will be valuable for network analysis of regional or global wildlife trafficking, which has attracted global attention. There are no copyright restrictions on the data; we ask that researchers please cite this paper and the associated dataset when using the data in publications. Methods Data source: The China Judgments Online (CJO) website (https://wenshu.court.gov.cn) provides electronic public access to court records. In 2010, 2013, and 2016, the Supreme People’s Court promulgated and revised the provisions on the publication of judicial documents by people’s courts on the Internet, and the publication of judicial documents has become the responsibility and obligation of courts at all levels (Wu, 2022). Since January 1, 2014, judgment documents must be published on CJO within seven days of their enforcement, and cannot be amended, replaced or revoked without court authority. Up to now, the CJO has become an important channel for the publication of judgments documents.

Data collection: The collection time of this dataset is up to September 2021. We searched for “wildlife” and “smuggling” on the China referee’s website. Then, we screened these judgment documents according to the following criteria: (I) the full text can be accessed, and the case involves the crimes of illegal hunting, sale, acquisition, transportation, or smuggling of wildlife or wildlife products (including rare and endangered wildlife or wildlife products) overseas and (II) when there are multiple judgment documents in the same lawsuit, such as any subsequent retrial of a case, filing and hearing of different perpetrators in batches, a consistent case number (record) was assigned.

Data compilation: These judicial documents provide the process of tracing criminal information. We collected as detailed information as possible, such as the date of the seizure, the location of the seizure, the type of illegal activities, the items seized, the source of the items seized, and the actual or expected destination. We used these criteria: (I) on the premise of protecting the personal information in the judgment documents, we obtained the education level and nationality of the principal defendants; (II) for the origin and destination of wildlife or its products, in addition to recording the national, provincial, county, and city levels, the information should be as accurate as possible to specific geographical names by obtaining longitude and latitude coordinate data through Baidu map (https://map.baidu.com/) and Google map (https://www.google.com/maps); and (III) for the identification of “crocodile,” “modern elephant,” “pangolin scale,” and other identifications that are not accurate to the species level in the judgment documents, only the upper classification (genus) level was recorded (i.e., “Crocodylus,” “Loxodonta,” “Manis”; Figure 3). If only the Chinese common name of the species was given but the Latin scientific name was not given, we queried the corresponding species in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)’s Red List of Threatened Species (hereafter: IUCN Red List; https://www.iucnredlist.org) for supplemental information. Eventually these records were translated from Chinese to English.

Quality control: Due to the need to extract information by reading many parties’ statements, defenders’ opinions, examination instructions, and other words, the preliminary preparation was mainly to discuss the standardized methods and steps of data collection, and the division of labor and training of personnel involved in data collection tasks. In the data entry and summary stage, established data collection methods and steps were followed to reduce human errors. In the data inspection stage, we cross checked the obtained data and missing values with the author to ensure the accuracy of data input. If there were questions, the lead author and Luo would revisit the original judgment documents and make a final decision after discussion with the other authors.

The first paper analyzes the crime situation and trends in criminality in the Republic of China in 2014 and the past decade, using statistics from the police and the Ministry of Health and Welfare. It expands the depth of criminal research to the investigative stage, and includes comparisons of major crime rates and imprisonment rates with the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. The second paper covers the handling of crimes, including investigation, trial, correction, rehabilitation protection, cross-strait and international criminal justice cooperation. The third paper addresses juvenile incidents, including a general overview of juvenile crime and the analysis of the causes of crime, the handling of juvenile incidents, and institutional handling. The fourth paper covers trends and handling of special offenders, including female offenders, drug offenders, elderly offenders, and repeat offenders. The fifth paper covers crime victim protection, including the crime victim protection system, crime victim compensation system, and crime victim protection services. The sixth paper discusses the analysis of crime issues of social concern, and the seventh paper focuses on judicial reform, aimed at clarifying innovative measures including prosecution, correction, judicial protection, anti-corruption, and cross-strait and international judicial reforms. The eighth paper is the conclusion and policy recommendations for future research, summarizing the overall crime situation in 2014 and the various innovative focal points observed in the research, and making corresponding policy and future research recommendations.

The original file is too large to upload, so we have split it into three files.

Contains a few variables relevant to the topic

In 2021, the total number of money laundering convictions in China amounted to ******. China officially became a member of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) in 2007. Over the past years, China has greatly improved its framework on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing measures under the guidance and supervision of FATF.

This dataset is about book subjects. It has 1 row and is filtered where the books is Crime, punishment, and the prison in modern China, 1895-1949. It features 10 columns including number of authors, number of books, earliest publication date, and latest publication date.

This statistic shows the number of arrests of criminal suspects in China between 2013 and 2023. In 2023, around ******* people were arrested in China, a significant decrease compared to the previous year. The low figure in 2020 was most likely mainly related to the coronavirus pandemic.

This statistic displays the number of drug-related arrests of Chinese locals in China in 2012, by drug type and gender. That year, about 482 male and 138 female Chinese people were arrested in relation to opium.

Judgment for the Crimes of Bribery and Embezzlement (in Chinese)