Key information about Estonia Government Debt: % of GDP

• Estonia Government debt accounted for 23.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 23.9 % in the previous quarter.
• Estonia government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2000 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 24.0 % in Mar 2024 and a record low of 3.6 % in Jun 2007.

• In the latest reports, Estonia National Government Debt reached 11.1 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 12.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.

The national debt of Estonia amounted to ************ Euros in 2024. Between 1995 and 2024, the national debt rose by ************ Euros, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt will steadily rise by ************ Euros over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.

The ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Estonia amounted to 23.41 percent in 2024. Between 1995 and 2024, the ratio rose by 14.75 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The ratio will steadily rise by 12.03 percentage points over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Historical dataset showing Estonia national debt by year from 1998 to 2023.

Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: Central Government: Debt Securities and Loans data was reported at 1.627 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.591 USD bn for Dec 2017. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: Central Government: Debt Securities and Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 445.552 USD mn from Mar 2000 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.940 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 171.466 USD mn in Jun 2001. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: Central Government: Debt Securities and Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: Central Government.

Actual value and historical data chart for Estonia Central Government Debt Total Percent Of GDP

Over the years observed, the general government debt in Estonia fluctuated. It reached its highest value in 2023, amounting to **** percent of the GDP.

Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data was -1.70 % of GDP in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data reached a record high of 2.80 % of GDP in December of 2006 and a record low of -5.40 % of GDP in December of 2020.

This line chart displays central government debt (% of GDP) by date using the aggregation average, weighted by gdp in Estonia. The data is about countries per year.

Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities, Loans, SDRs, Currency and Deposits data was reported at 8.733 % in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.980 % for Dec 2017. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities, Loans, SDRs, Currency and Deposits data is updated quarterly, averaging 5.453 % from Sep 1995 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 91 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.667 % in Dec 2014 and a record low of 0.000 % in Dec 1999. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government: Debt Securities, Loans, SDRs, Currency and Deposits data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: General Government.

This horizontal bar chart displays central government debt (% of GDP) by country using the aggregation average, weighted by gdp in Estonia. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data was 23.50 % of GDP in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Estonia - Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data reached a record high of 23.50 % of GDP in December of 2024 and a record low of 3.90 % of GDP in December of 2007.

The national debt of Estonia was about 10.06 billion U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1995 and 2024, the national debt rose by approximately 9.80 billion U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt will steadily rise by around 10.10 billion U.S. dollars over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.

سجلت إستونيا دين حكومي إلى ناتج محلي إجمالي بنسبة 23.50 في المئة من إجمالي الناتج المحلي للبلاد في عام 2024. توفر هذه الصفحة - دين الحكومة الإستونية إلى الناتج المحلي الإجمالي - القيم الفعلية، البيانات التاريخية، التوقعات، الرسوم البيانية، الإحصاءات، التقويم الاقتصادي والأخبار.

Graph and download economic data for Amount Outstanding of International Debt Securities for Issuers in General Government Sector, All Maturities, Nationality of Issuer in Estonia (DISCONTINUED) (IDSGGGAMNIAOEE) from Q2 1996 to Q2 2015 about Estonia, maturity, sector, debt, securities, and government.

Graph and download economic data for Amount Outstanding Due within One Year of International Debt Securities for General Government Sector, Residence of Issuer in Estonia (IDS1YMAORIGGEE) from Q2 1996 to Q2 2025 about Estonia, 1-year, sector, debt, residents, securities, and government.

This dataset contains data on Estonian central government external debt in 1919-1939. Dataset "Central Government External Debt in Estonia, 1919-1939" was published implementing project "Historical Sociology of Modern Restorations: a Cross-Time Comparative Study of Post-Communist Transformation in the Baltic States" from 2018 to 2022. Project leader is prof. Zenonas Norkus. Project is funded by the European Social Fund according to the activity "Improvement of researchers' qualification by implementing world-class R&D projects' of Measure No. 09.3.3-LMT-K-712".

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

Gross Ext. Debt Pos., General Government, Long-term, Debt securities, USD in Estonia was reported at 4281471080 USD in 2025, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Estonia - Gross Ext. Debt Pos., General Government, Long-term, Debt securities, USD - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: General Government: Debt Securities and Loans data was reported at 2.457 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.418 USD bn for Dec 2017. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: General Government: Debt Securities and Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 1.102 USD bn from Mar 2000 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.737 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 262.710 USD mn in Jun 2001. Estonia EE: Gross Public Debt: USD: General Government: Debt Securities and Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: General Government.