Dataset Card for escher-human-edit

Human Edit dataset

  Dataset Structure





  Data Instances

Each instance contains:

source_image: The original image edited_image: The edited version of the image edit_instruction: The instruction used to edit the image source_image_caption: Caption for the source image target_image_caption: Caption for the edited image Additional metadata fields

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The Gene-Editing Tools For Non-Human Primates Market report segments the industry into By Technology (CRISPR/Cas9, Transcription Activator-Like Effectror Nucleases (TALENs), Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Others), By Application (Biomedical Research, Transgenic Model Development, Pharmaceutical Development, Gene Therapy Research), By End User (Research Institutions, and more), and Geography.

SEED-Data-Edit

SEED-Data-Edit is a hybrid dataset for instruction-guided image editing with a total of 3.7 image editing pairs, which comprises three distinct types of data: Part-1: Large-scale high-quality editing data produced by automated pipelines (3.5M editing pairs). Part-2: Real-world scenario data collected from the internet (52K editing pairs). Part-3: High-precision multi-turn editing data annotated by humans (95K editing pairs, 21K multi-turn rounds with a maximum of 5… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/AILab-CVC/SEED-Data-Edit-Part2-3.

BackgroundThe strong familiality of living to extreme ages suggests that human longevity is genetically regulated. The majority of genes found thus far to be associated with longevity primarily function in lipoprotein metabolism and insulin/IGF-1 signaling. There are likely many more genetic modifiers of human longevity that remain to be discovered.Methodology/Principal FindingsHere, we first show that 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the RNA editing genes ADARB1 and ADARB2 are associated with extreme old age in a U.S. based study of centenarians, the New England Centenarian Study. We describe replications of these findings in three independently conducted centenarian studies with different genetic backgrounds (Italian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Japanese) that collectively support an association of ADARB1 and ADARB2 with longevity. Some SNPs in ADARB2 replicate consistently in the four populations and suggest a strong effect that is independent of the different genetic backgrounds and environments. To evaluate the functional association of these genes with lifespan, we demonstrate that inactivation of their orthologues adr-1 and adr-2 in C. elegans reduces median survival by 50%. We further demonstrate that inactivation of the argonaute gene, rde-1, a critical regulator of RNA interference, completely restores lifespan to normal levels in the context of adr-1 and adr-2 loss of function.Conclusions/SignificanceOur results suggest that RNA editors may be an important regulator of aging in humans and that, when evaluated in C. elegans, this pathway may interact with the RNA interference machinery to regulate lifespan.

This page hosts downloadable data related to RE-Aging: A Functional Analysis Platform for Human RNA Editing Associated with Aging.

AIdata.zip: Contains detailed information on all A-to-I RNA editing sites.
CUdata.zip: Includes comprehensive data on all C-to-U RNA editing sites.
data_all.zip: Provides a complete dataset of all RNA editing sites across both A-to-I and C-to-U types.
cor.zip: Contains information on the relationship between editing levels of A-to-I sites in various organs and age.
sample_info.zip: Includes the corresponding GTEx Sample Information, essential for contextualizing the data.

The Gene-Editing Tools For Non-Human Primates report features an extensive regional analysis, identifying market penetration levels across major geographic areas. It highlights regional growth trends and opportunities, allowing businesses to tailor their market entry strategies and maximize growth in specific regions.

Around 38.5 percent of people interviewed in 24 European countries stated that they think climate change is caused mainly by human activities. During the same interview, 42.7 percent agreed that such change was caused about equally by natural and human processes. When it comes to specific examples, Sweden got the highest number of respondents, with more than half believing that the current climate change is being caused mainly by humans.

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Gene Editing Service market size was $6.21 Billion in 2022 and it is forecasted to reach $18.77 Billion by 2030. Gene Editing Service Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 14.9% from 2023 to 2030. Factors Impacting on Gene Editing Service Market

The rising demand for gene therapy drives the Gene Editing Service Market growth

Gene therapy has marked its significant importance in the field of medication over the last few decades. Gene therapy is used for the treatment associated with the genetic disorder. The data from the National Human Genome Research Institute (2018) states that approx. 350 million people across the globe are living with rare disorders and fewer than 200,000 people are diagnosed with this condition. About 80 % of these rare disorders are genetic in origin. With technological advancement gene therapy has grown as a most considered option for the treatment and control of several life-threatening diseases. such as hemophilia. The data from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states the presence of around 30,000 – 33,000 people with hemophilia in the US. This raises the demand for the gene editing services market.

Challenges for the Gene Editing Service Market

High expenses related to gene editing can hamper the growth of the gene editing service market growth. (Access Detailed Analysis in the Full Report Version)

Rising R&D activities will boost the Gene Editing Service market growth

Gene editing is being explored in a varied array of diseases, including single-gene rare disorders such as sickle cell disease and hemophilia. The number of venture capital (VC) agreements for firms exploring gene editing technology has surged dramatically since 2012. According to GlobalData's Pharma Intelligence Center, the number of VC agreements climbed from one in 2012 to 29 in 2021, with the total value of VC deals reaching more than $3.2 billion since 2012. Over $1.3 billion was raised in 2021 alone, more than 250% higher than in 2020 ($500 million). This investment is expected to propel the growth of the market. What is Gene Editing?

Gene editing is also called genome editing. It is a group of technologies that permit researchers to make a change in the DNA of organisms. Currently, there are several approaches are being developed for gene editing. One of the popular gene editing technologies is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. These technologies enable the addition, elimination, or alteration of genetic information at precise locations in the genome.

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Genome Editing Market Size 2024-2028

The genome editing market size is forecast to increase by USD 7.23 billion at a CAGR of 15.88% between 2023 and 2028. The genomic editing landscape is experiencing rapid advancements, driven by the development of innovative technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 and base editing. These tools enable precise modifications to DNA sequences, opening new possibilities for precision medicine. The demand for customized healthcare solutions is surging, as individuals seek treatments tailored to their unique genetic makeup. Additionally, the emergence of novel gene editing platforms, like prime editing and base editing, is expanding the scope of genomic research and therapy development. These advancements are revolutionizing the healthcare industry, offering potential cures for genetic diseases and paving the way for a more personalized and effective approach to patient care.

What will be the size of the market during the forecast period?

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Genome Editing Market Segmentation

The genome editing market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018 - 2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies
  Academic institutes and research laboratories
  CRO


Delivery Mode

  Ex-vivo
  In-vivo


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  Asia

    China


  Rest of World (ROW)

Which is the largest segment driving market growth?

The pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Genome editing is a revolutionary molecular biology technique that allows for precise modification of single genes within an organism's genome. This technology has gained significant attention in the scientific community due to its potential applications in the investigation and treatment of genetic abnormalities and various human diseases. Genome editing tools, such as base editing and prime editing, enable genetic manipulation and gene editing services, providing researchers with the ability to create knock-out or knock-in mutations in target genes. These modifications can elucidate gene function, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of drug resistance, contributing to a deeper understanding of disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly utilizing genome-edited cell lines and animal models to study disease progression and screen potential drug candidates. For instance, genome editing and CRISPR technology have shown promise in the development of therapeutics for genetic disorders like sickle cell disease, Parkinson's disease, hearing loss, peripheral artery disease, and spinal muscular atrophy, as well as autoimmune diseases. In the agricultural sector, genome editing is used for animal breeding and in plant biotechnology for crop improvement. Clinical trials for gene therapy are underway for several human genetic diseases, with the in-vivo segment being a significant focus. Cell line engineering and biotechnology companies are at the forefront of gene-editing technology development, driving innovation in gene delivery, drug discovery, and large-molecule medicines.

This technology holds immense potential for the treatment of genetic diseases, including AIDS, cancer, and various other conditions. The clinical trial pipeline for gene editing-based therapeutics continues to expand, offering hope for those affected by these debilitating diseases.

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The Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies segment was valued at USD 1.86 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Which region is leading the market?

North America is estimated to contribute 40% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

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Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.In North America, the biopharmaceutical and biotechnology sector is experiencing significant growth, encompassing pharmaceutical companies, biotech startups, Contract Research Organizations (CROs), and academic research institutions. These entities employ genome editing technologies for various applications, including drug discovery, target validation, preclinical research, and therapeutic development. The region's focus on personalized medicine and precision therapeutics is fueled by advancements in genomics, molecular diagnostics, and targeted therapies. Genome editing tools enable the precise modification of genes linked to diseases, paving the way for pe

The serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2CR)–a key regulator of diverse neurological processes–exhibits functional variability derived from editing of its pre-mRNA by site-specific adenosine deamination (A-to-I pre-mRNA editing) in five distinct sites. Here we describe a statistical technique that was developed for analysis of the dependencies among the editing states of the five sites. The statistical significance of the observed correlations was estimated by comparing editing patterns in multiple individuals. For both human and rat 5-HT2CR, the editing states of the physically proximal sites A and B were found to be strongly dependent. In contrast, the editing states of sites C and D, which are also physically close, seem not to be directly dependent but instead are linked through the dependencies on sites A and B, respectively. We observed pronounced differences between the editing patterns in humans and rats: in humans site A is the key determinant of the editing state of the other sites, whereas in rats this role belongs to site B. The structure of the dependencies among the editing sites is notably simpler in rats than it is in humans implying more complex regulation of 5-HT2CR editing and, by inference, function in the human brain. Thus, exhaustive statistical analysis of the 5-HT2CR editing patterns indicates that the editing state of sites A and B is the primary determinant of the editing states of the other three sites, and hence the overall editing pattern. Taken together, these findings allow us to propose a mechanistic model of concerted action of ADAR1 and ADAR2 in 5-HT2CR editing. Statistical approach developed here can be applied to other cases of interdependencies among modification sites in RNA and proteins.

The human evaluation (HE) dataset created for English to German (EnDe) and English to French (EnFr) MT tasks was a subset of one of the official test sets of the IWSLT 2016 evaluation campaign. The resulting HE sets are composed of 600 segments for both EnDe and EnFr, each corresponding to around 10,000 words. Human evaluation was based on Post-Editing, i.e. the manual correction of the MT system output, which was carried out by professional translators. Nine and five primary runs submitted to the evaluation campaign were post-edited for the two tasks, respectively.

Data are publicly available through the WIT3 website wit3.fbk.eu. 600 segments for both EnDe and EnFr (10K tokens each). Respectively, 9 and 5 different automatic translations post-edited by professional translators (for Analysis of MT quality and Quality Estimation components).

Hair plays an important role in primates and is clearly subject to adaptive selection. While humans have lost most facial hair, eyebrows are a notable exception. Eyebrow thickness is heritable and widely believed to be subject to sexual selection. Nevertheless, few genomic studies have explored its genetic basis. Here, we performed a genome-wide scan for eyebrow thickness in 2961 Han Chinese. We identified two new loci of genome-wide significance, at 3q26.33 near SOX2 (rs1345417: P = 6.51×10−10) and at 5q13.2 near FOXD1 (rs12651896: P = 1.73×10−8). We further replicated our findings in the Uyghurs, a population from China characterized by East Asian-European admixture (N = 721), the CANDELA cohort from five Latin American countries (N = 2301), and the Rotterdam Study cohort of Dutch Europeans (N = 4411). A meta-analysis combining the full GWAS results from the three cohorts of full or partial Asian descent (Han Chinese, Uyghur and Latin Americans, N = 5983) highlighted a third signal of genome-wide significance at 2q12.3 (rs1866188: P = 5.81×10−11) near EDAR. We performed fine-mapping and prioritized four variants for further experimental verification. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing provided evidence that rs1345417 and rs12651896 affect the transcriptional activity of the nearby SOX2 and FOXD1 genes, which are both involved in hair development. Finally, suitable statistical analyses revealed that none of the associated variants showed clear signals of selection in any of the populations tested. Contrary to popular speculation, we found no evidence that eyebrow thickness is subject to strong selective pressure.

In order to enable efficient comparison among genetic sequences, specialized neural networks based on Transformer architecture, called TASAG (Transformer for Semantic Analysis of Genetic Sequences), were developed. TASAG networks assess both similarities and differences between genetic sequences. Users input chromosome files containing target genes, and TASAG compares these sequences to detect variations. The networks benefit from pre-training on annotated datasets, which highlight functional codons and their associated proteins, allowing TASAG to identify key regions for gene expression. Gene annotation further enhances this process.Once TASAG detects a deviation from a reference sequence (e.g., the H-Bot sequence), it facilitates on-screen gene editing, enabling targeted mutations or the insertion of desired genes. Implementation requires Python and deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch, with optional use of Biopython for genetic sequence handling. Read more ...Garg, R. , Vyas, A. , Khan, A. , Tariq, M. (2024), 'Codes beyond Bits and Bytes: A Blueprint for Artificial Life', World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Open Science Index 213, International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 18(9), 114 - 126.

This dataset contains modeled temperature, ozone, and PM2.5 data for the United States over the 21st century, using two global climate model scenarios and two emissions datasets.

The WikiPrefs dataset is a human preferences dataset for Large Language Models alignment. It was built using the EditPrefs method from historical edits of Wikipedia featured articles

Human post-edited test sentences for the WMT 2017 Automatic post-editing task. This consists in 2,000 English sentences belonging to the IT domain and already tokenized. Source and target segments can be downloaded from: https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/handle/11372/LRT-2132. All data is provided by the EU project QT21 (http://www.qt21.eu/).

Abstract Background Cas12a (formerly known as Cpf1), the class II type V CRISPR nuclease, has been widely used for genome editing in mammalian cells and plants due to its distinct characteristics from Cas9. Despite being one of the most robust Cas12a nucleases, LbCas12a in general is less efficient than SpCas9 for genome editing in human cells, animals, and plants. Results To improve the editing efficiency of LbCas12a, we conduct saturation mutagenesis in E. coli and identify 1977 positive point mutations of LbCas12a. We selectively assess the editing efficiency of 56 LbCas12a variants in human cells, identifying an optimal LbCas12a variant (RVQ: G146R/R182V/E795Q) with the most robust editing activity. We further test LbCas12a-RV, LbCas12a-RRV, and LbCas12a-RVQ in plants and find LbCas12a-RV has robust editing activity in rice and tomato protoplasts. Interestingly, LbCas12a-RRV, resulting from the stacking of RV and D156R, displays improved editing efficiency in stably transformed rice and poplar plants, leading to up to 100% editing efficiency in T0 plants of both plant species. Moreover, this high-efficiency editing occurs even at the non-canonical TTV PAM sites. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that LbCas12a-RVQ is a powerful tool for genome editing in human cells while LbCas12a-RRV confers robust genome editing in plants. Our study reveals the tremendous potential of these LbCas12a variants for advancing precision genome editing applications across a wide range of organisms.

This data set contains two spreadsheets. One contains data consisting of conductivity and temperature at sites on the Seward Peninsula. The other contains records of E. coli and coliform in wells in the same area.

Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (PKD) is a rare erythroid metabolic disease caused by mutations in the PKLR gene, which encodes the erythroid specific Pyruvate Kinase enzyme. Erythrocytes from PKD patients show an energetic imbalance and are susceptible to hemolysis. Gene editing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) would provide a therapeutic benefit and improve safety of gene therapy approaches to treat PKD patients. In previous studies, we established a gene editing protocol that corrected the PKD phenotype of PKD-iPSC lines through a TALEN mediated homologous recombination strategy. With the goal of moving toward more clinically relevant stem cells, we aim at editing the PKLR gene in primary human hematopoietic progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells (HPSCs). After nucleofection of the gene editing tools and selection with puromycin, up to 96% colony forming units showed precise integration. However, a low yield of gene edited HPSCs was associated to the procedure. To reduce toxicity while increasing efficacy, we worked on i) optimizing gene editing tools and ii) defining optimal expansion and selection times. Different versions of specific nucleases (TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9) were compared. TALEN mRNAs with 5’ and 3’ added motifs to increase RNA stability were the most efficient nucleases to obtain high gene editing frequency and low toxicity. Shortening ex vivo manipulation did not reduce the efficiency of homologous recombination and preserved the hematopoietic progenitor potential of the nucleofected HPSCs. Lastly, a very low level of gene edited HPSCs were detected after engraftment in immunodeficient (NSG) mice. Overall, we showed that gene editing of the PKLR gene in HPSCs is feasible, although further improvements must to be done before the clinical use of the gene editing to correct PKD.

BackgroundMicroglia are an integral part of central nervous system, but our understanding of microglial biology is limited due to the challenges in obtaining and culturing primary human microglia. HMC3 is an important cell line for studying human microglia because it is readily accessible and straightforward to maintain in standard laboratories. Although HMC3 is widely used for microglial research, a robust genetic method has not been described. Here, we report a CRISPR genome editing platform, by the electroporation of Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (Cas9 RNP) and synthetic DNA repair templates, to enable rapid and precise genetic modifications of HMC3. For proof-of-concept demonstrations, we targeted the genes implicated in the regulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and glioblastoma phagocytosis in microglia. We showed that CRISPR genome editing could enhance the phagocytic activities of HMC3.MethodsWe performed CRISPR gene knockout (KO) in HMC3 by the electroporation of pre-assembled Cas9 RNP. Co-introduction of DNA repair templates allowed site-specific knock-in (KI) of an epitope tag, a synthetic promoter and a fluorescent reporter gene. The editing efficiencies were determined genotypically by DNA sequencing and phenotypically by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. The gene-edited HMC3 cells were examined in vitro by fluorescent Aβ and glioblastoma phagocytosis assays.ResultsOur platform enabled robust single (>90%) and double (>70%) KO without detectable off-target editing by high throughput DNA sequencing. We also inserted a synthetic SFFV promoter to efficiently upregulate the expression of endogenous CD14 and TREM2 genes associated with microglial phagocytosis. The CRISPR-edited HMC3 showed stable phenotypes and enhanced phagocytosis of fluorescence-labeled Aβ1-42 peptides. Confocal microscopy further confirmed the localization of Aβ1-42 aggregates in the acidified lysosomes. HMC3 mutants also changed the phagocytic characteristic toward apoptotic glioblastoma cells.ConclusionCRISPR genome editing by Cas9 RNP electroporation is a robust approach to genetically modify HMC3 for functional studies such as the interrogation of Aβ and tumor phagocytosis, and is readily adoptable to investigate other aspects of microglial biology.