The province of Cebu topped the ranking of the wealthiest provinces in the Philippines, with assets amounting to approximately 310 billion Philippine pesos in 2023. Following by a large margin were the provinces of Rizal and Camarines Sur.

For the 2022 national elections, the most vote-rich province in the Philippines was Cebu, with around **** million registered voters. This was followed by Cavite and Pangasinan with *** million and *** million registered voters, respectively.

Abstract

The CrPS is conducted quarterly to generate production estimates for crops other than cereals at the national, regional and provincial levels disaggregation. Out of the 230 crops covered, the individual estimates of the 19 crops highlighted in the Quarterly Report on the Production in Agriculture are released at the national level while the rest were lumped as "Other Crops". Provincial level estimates are available on an annual basis.

The survey aims to support the data needs of planners, policy and decision makers and other stakeholders in the agricultural sector, and to provide periodic updates on crop related developments. The survey adopts two-stage sampling with the municipality as the Primary Sampling Unit and the households as the Secondary Sampling Unit.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The survey covers all small farm producers and plantation farms of all agricultural crops, other than palay and corn, nationwide .

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The survey employs two-stage sampling design with municipality as the Primary Sampling Units (PSU) and farmer-producer as the Secondary Sampling Units (SSU).

Farms are classified as small farms and plantation farms. For small farms, crops are classified based on coverage of the Farm Price Survey, i.e. Farm Price Survey and non-Farm Price Survey. For crops under Farm Price Survey, the top five producing municipalities based on the volume of production were chosen as PSU. In each municipality, five sample farmer-producers as SSU were enumerated. For small farms of all other crops not covered under Farm Price Survey, top two to three producing municipalities were chosen as PSUs. In each municipality, three sample farmer-producers as SSU were enumerated.

This scheme is applied to each of the crops being covered every survey round. It is possible for a farmer-producer to be a respondent for several crops, which he plants and harvests during the reference quarter. Classification for plantation farms is based on the cut-off on area planted. Each survey round covers a maximum of 5 plantations by crop.

The above scheme was adopted since 2005 to date. The sampling design for CrPS has undergone several changes. From 1988 until 2000, the survey adopted three stage sampling or 5x5x5. This is intended to represent the five (5) municipalities as the PSU, five barangays as the SSU and five (5) households as the USU. In May 2000, a two stage sampling was adopted with the five (5) top producing municipalities as the PSU and five farmers-producers as the SSU.

For coconut, the sampling procedure was in collaboration with the PCA which was developed in 1996. The Bureau was responsible for the survey methodology and data processing while the PCA was responsible for the data collection. A three-stage sampling was employed. The domain of the survey is the municipality, classified as coastal flat, coastal upland, inland flat, and inland upland. The barangays, also classified according to the classification used for the municipalities, serve as the first stage. The second stage is the two coconut farmers from each sample barangay drawn using simple random sampling. The third stage is the 10 sample coconut trees lying along the longest diagonal line bisecting the parcel. The sampling design cut across the small and plantation farms and remain the same until the frame is updated or the sampling design is changed.

The survey was piloted in Davao Region provinces which started on the fourth quarter of 1996. This was replicated in the Western Visayas provinces in the first quarter of the following year. The provinces in the rest of the regions conducted this survey beginning in June 1997. The PASOs and the Provincial Coconut Development Managers jointly validate the results. The PASOs forward the result to the region for further joint review by the RASOs and the Regional Managers.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Editing is done in four stages during the data review. The initial stage is at the collection point while with the respondent. This starts with the completeness and correctness of the entries in the answer grid. The yield per unit area, or kilograms per bearing tree and planting density were computed and verified with the respondents when these are out of range. The range varies by crop and reference period. The farmer-respondents are asked on the climatic condition a quarter ago up to the prevailing quarter and explanations on the change in the level against the same period a year ago. During the Provincial Data Review, Regional Data Review and National Data Review, data editing is done after encoding and data transfer from one form or system to another during the generation of estimates.

Data appraisal

The estimates are subjected to three levels of data review and validation. These are the Provincial Data Review (PDR), Regional Data Review (RDR) and National Data Review (NDR). Across all data validation levels, a set of parameters is being used as guideposts and the available data from other agencies.

The existing indicators also accounts for the situation in the province. At the RDR, the data is assessed to reflect the situation of the region and the levels in comparison between and among the provinces in the region. At the NDR, the data are validated in comparison to national level data and the data between and among the regions. To some extent and for valid reasons, this involves adjustment of the levels of the data generated.

Abstract

The 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) was implemented by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Data collection took place from May 2 to June 22, 2022.

The primary objective of the 2022 NDHS is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the NDHS collected information on fertility, fertility preferences, family planning practices, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, nutrition, knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS, violence against women, child discipline, early childhood development, and other health issues.

The information collected through the NDHS is intended to assist policymakers and program managers in designing and evaluating programs and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population. The 2022 NDHS also provides indicators anchored to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the new Philippine Development Plan for 2023 to 2028.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged 15-49, and all children aged 0-4 resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling scheme provides data representative of the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas separately, and for each of the country’s administrative regions. The sample selection methodology for the 2022 NDHS was based on a two-stage stratified sample design using the Master Sample Frame (MSF) designed and compiled by the PSA. The MSF was constructed based on the listing of households from the 2010 Census of Population and Housing and updated based on the listing of households from the 2015 Census of Population. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 1,247 primary sampling units (PSUs) distributed by province or HUC. A PSU can be a barangay, a portion of a large barangay, or two or more adjacent small barangays.

In the second stage, an equal take of either 22 or 29 sample housing units were selected from each sampled PSU using systematic random sampling. In situations where a housing unit contained one to three households, all households were interviewed. In the rare situation where a housing unit contained more than three households, no more than three households were interviewed. The survey interviewers were instructed to interview only the preselected housing units. No replacements and no changes of the preselected housing units were allowed in the implementing stage in order to prevent bias. Survey weights were calculated, added to the data file, and applied so that weighted results are representative estimates of indicators at the regional and national levels.

All women age 15–49 who were either usual residents of the selected households or visitors who stayed in the households the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. Among women eligible for an individual interview, one woman per household was selected for a module on women’s safety.

For further details on sample design, see APPENDIX A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used for the 2022 NDHS: the Household Questionnaire and the Woman’s Questionnaire. The questionnaires, based on The DHS Program’s model questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to the Philippines. Input was solicited from various stakeholders representing government agencies, academe, and international agencies. The survey protocol was reviewed by the ICF Institutional Review Board.

After all questionnaires were finalized in English, they were translated into six major languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bikol, Hiligaynon, and Waray. The Household and Woman’s Questionnaires were programmed into tablet computers to allow for computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for data collection purposes, with the capability to choose any of the languages for each questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

Processing the 2022 NDHS data began almost as soon as fieldwork started, and data security procedures were in place in accordance with confidentiality of information as provided by Philippine laws. As data collection was completed in each PSU or cluster, all electronic data files were transferred securely via SyncCloud to a server maintained by the PSA Central Office in Quezon City. These data files were registered and checked for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. The field teams were alerted to any inconsistencies and errors while still in the area of assignment. Timely generation of field check tables allowed for effective monitoring of fieldwork, including tracking questionnaire completion rates. Only the field teams, project managers, and NDHS supervisors in the provincial, regional, and central offices were given access to the CAPI system and the SyncCloud server.

A team of secondary editors in the PSA Central Office carried out secondary editing, which involved resolving inconsistencies and recoding “other” responses; the former was conducted during data collection, and the latter was conducted following the completion of the fieldwork. Data editing was performed using the CSPro software package. The secondary editing of the data was completed in August 2022. The final cleaning of the data set was carried out by data processing specialists from The DHS Program in September 2022.

Response rate

A total of 35,470 households were selected for the 2022 NDHS sample, of which 30,621 were found to be occupied. Of the occupied households, 30,372 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 28,379 women age 15–49 were identified as eligible for individual interviews. Interviews were completed with 27,821 women, yielding a response rate of 98%.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and in data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (2022 NDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2022 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and identical size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2022 NDHS sample was the result of a multistage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulas. Sampling errors are computed in SAS using programs developed by ICF. These programs use the Taylor linearization method to estimate variances for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in APPENDIX B of the survey report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables

• Household age distribution
• Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
• Age displacement at age 14/15
• Age displacement at age 49/50
• Pregnancy outcomes by years preceding the survey
• Completeness of reporting
• Observation of handwashing facility
• School attendance by single year of age
• Vaccination cards photographed
• Population pyramid
• Five-year mortality rates

See details of the data quality tables in Appendix C of the final report.

In 2023, Quezon was the wealthiest city in the Philippines, with approximately 449 billion Philippine pesos worth of assets. Following by a large margin was Makati City. In that year, the province of Cebu was the wealthiest province in the country.

Philippines GDP: National Capital Region (NCR) data was reported at 8,214,308.357 PHP th in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,572,877.704 PHP th for 2023. Philippines GDP: National Capital Region (NCR) data is updated yearly, averaging 3,553,088.571 PHP th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2024, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,214,308.357 PHP th in 2024 and a record low of 1,237,450.701 PHP th in 2000. Philippines GDP: National Capital Region (NCR) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.A016: PSNA 5th Revision: Gross Domestic Product: by Region and Province: Current Price.

Abstract

Farm prices refer to the prices received by the farmers and livestock/poultry raisers for the sale of their produce at the first point of sale, regardless of whether these are sold at the farm or elsewhere. These prices are generated through the monthly Farm Prices Survey (FPS).

The survey on prices of agricultural commodities at the farm level has been a continuing activity of the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) and its predecessor, Bureau of Agricultural Economics (BAEcon). It was started with the collection of prices received by farmers in 1957 by the then Division of Agricultural Economics of the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR). Conceptually, these prices were deemed to represent the average prices received by farmers for the sale of their products of whatever grade or class at the point of first sale.

To ensure the effectiveness of the system of generating and delivering data on farm prices, the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics has been conducting assessment of the Farm Prices Survey methodology from time to time. The main purpose of the assessment is to improve the quality of the price information gathered at the farm level. The 1998 assessment provided inputs to the design of the current Farm Price Survey methodology.

Geographic coverage

National coverage Regional Provincial

Analysis unit

The survey has individual farmers/producers and agricultural commodites as unit of analysis.

Universe

All prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities including crops, livestock, poultry and prices paid for farm chemicals

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Commodities to be monitored by province are pre-determined based on four (4) criteria, namely: major produce of the province in terms of volume of production; priority crop of the province; national commodity and with the province being one of the major producers; and one of the commodities monitored for the Producers' Price Index (PPI). Determination of the agricultural commodities to be monitored for farm prices shall be done at the Provincial Operations Centers (POCs) and shall be submitted to the Central Office for information and approval.

For crops and backyard livestock and poultry, the farm prices survey utilizes a two-stage sampling procedure with the province as the domain.

The first stage sampling unit is the municipality. It consists of the top five (5) producing municipalities per commodity per province. Selection of these municipalities is done monthly on the assumption that they could change every month for each crop.

The second stage sampling unit is the farmer or livestock/poultry raiser who traded the commodities during the reference period. In each sample municipality, at least five (5) sample farmers or raisers are chosen purposively and interviewed. This two-stage procedure gives the total number of respondents for farm prices survey at 25 per commodity per province.

When less than five (5) municipalities are identified for farm prices survey during the month, the number of samples per municipality is increased to get a provincial total of 25. In the allocation of the number of samples in the municipalities selected, the volume of production and trading during the reference period is considered.

For livestock and poultry commercial farms, the samples are randomly selected from the Commercial Livestock and Poultry Survey (CLPS) master list of establishments for each animal type. Samples are stratified according to the maximum capacity of the farm. Four (4) strata are required to give a total of eight (8) samples for the province. If there are less than four (4) strata in the province, the number of samples per stratum are increased proportionately to get a provincial total of eight (8). In case the total number of farms for each poultry item is less than eight (8), complete enumeration is done.

Respondents for Farm Prices Survey component on pesticides are the dealers of agricultural inputs in the five major crop producing municipalities and in the provincial capital or trading center. Sample dealers of inputs are those most patronized by farmers. One dealer per municipality will be interviewed. In addition, the three (3) major pesticide dealers in the provincial capital or trading center shall be considered as samples. The maximum number of samples per province is eight (8).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

There are seven (7) forms to be used in the Farm Prices Survey, namely:

FPS Form 1 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Farmers for Crops FPS Form 2 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Backyard Raisers of Cattle and Carabaos FPS Form 3 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Backyard Raisers of Hogs (upgraded) FPS Form 4 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Backyard Raisers of Goats FPS Form 5 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Backyard and Commercial Raisers of Chicken and Chicken Eggs FPS Form 6 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Received by Backyard and Commercial Raisers of Ducks and Duck Eggs FPS Form 8 - Collection Form for Farm Prices Paid by Farmers for Pesticides

FPS Form 1-6 and 8 are survey questionnaires. These have been approved by the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) with the corresponding approval numbers indicated on the right side of the upper portions of the questionnaires.

Cleaning operations

Accomplished Farm Prices Survey questionnaires are subjected to manual editing and coding by Operations Centers staff as data collector and Provincial Agricultural Statistics Officer as supervisor.

Editing, encoding and generation of monthly provincial reports are done in the Provincial Operations Centers (POCs). Prior to encoding, the accomplished questionnaires are manually edited for validity and consistency. The data files undergo validation using an editing program based on pre-set validation criteria such as consistency check, range check and acceptability and validity of data.

Sampling error estimates

Not applicable for crops and livestock and poultry backyard farms. Not computed for livestock and poultry commercial farms, and pesticides.

Data appraisal

Data review for farm prices is undertaken at the POCs every month and at the regional and national level every quarter. Since 2001, the review of farm prices had been included in the regional quarterly data reviews alongside with production statistics. Farm price data are reviewed against consistency with basket and trading matrix, consistency with trends, abrupt changes and trends/levels relative to wholesale and retail prices.

Abstract

The Quarterly Aquaculture Survey (QAS) is a quarterly survey that generates aquaculture production and area estimates. It investigates the actual level of production, area harvested and price for each species during the reference quarter of the current and previous year from the sample operators in the top producing municipalities. Fisheries outputs form part of the estimation for the performance of agriculture and eventually, of the National Accounts for the generation of Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross National Product (GNP) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

The survey aims to generate accurate and timely information on quarterly production, area and price by aquafarm type and species at the provincial level.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage.

Analysis unit

Entreprises

Universe

It covers aquaculture operations in 82 provinces of 17 aquaculture species in 13 aquafarm types/environments. The following are the aquafarm types and environments covered, however, it depends on which is available in the province:

a. Brackish water and fresh water fishpond b. Brackish water, fresh water and marine pen and cage c. Oyster, mussel and seaweed d. Other fresh water aquafarms like rice fish, small farm reservoirs, etc.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Quarterly Aquaculture Survey (QAS) is a non-probability survey. Sampling was done by aquafarm type in the province. By aquafarm type, top producing municipalities are those with cumulative share of at least 80% to total area based on Aquaculture Farms Inventory (AqFI).

For each municipality, eight (8) sample aquafarms are selected if the number of aquafarms in the municipality is more than 25. If the number of aquafarms is less than 25, five (5) sample aquafarms are selected. A total of 6662 sample aquafarms were covered nationwide.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Initially, the survey returns are manually edited to ensure completeness and accuracy. During this stage, survey returns are checked for completeness from the list of samples. For each of the questionnaires, entries should be complete and numeric entries are in proper unit of measurement and decimal places. After encoding, the entries are then again inspected and reviewed for completeness, accuracy and consistency with other items.

An Aquaculture Data Generation System (AquaDataGen) was developed using MS Excel 2013 for the data processing requirements of QAS. This system is decentralized in the provinces but regional and national summary can also be derived. The AquaDataGen has the facility for data entry, data review and validation.

Response rate

Response rate for quarterly aquaculture survey is 73%. This accounted for farms in operation and those without harvest during the reference period.

The coronavirus COVID-19, which originated in Wuhan, China, has spread worldwide. Across the different regions in the world, the number of cases is continuously increasing. As of May 3, 2023, Quezon City reported over 277 thousand cases of COVID-19 – the highest among other cities and provinces in the Philippines.

Lesser restrictions in major cities Despite having the highest number of COVID-19 cases among cities and provinces nationwide, Quezon City was placed under Alert Level 1 for the month of June 2022 – the lowest alert level status for the pandemic. This meant freer movements across populations and full capacity of most establishments. The alert level status will be updated depending on the possible rise of new cases. The lowering down of restriction level was implemented after the vaccination target of 71 million was met. As of July 2022, over 71 million people have already been fully vaccinated from COVID, with over 15 million having received a booster dose.

Unmasking
The possibility of lifting the mandatory wearing of face masks in the country towards the end of 2022 was raised if the government successfully vaccinates 90 million of its 110 million population. In addition, the Philippine government will also start encouraging its population to take the booster shot, in efforts to control the spread of the Omicron subvariant. As of July 2022, the National Capital Region accounted for the highest share of the population with booster shots.

Abstract

Different countries have different health outcomes that are in part due to the way respective health systems perform. Regardless of the type of health system, individuals will have health and non-health expectations in terms of how the institution responds to their needs. In many countries, however, health systems do not perform effectively and this is in part due to lack of information on health system performance, and on the different service providers.

The aim of the WHO World Health Survey is to provide empirical data to the national health information systems so that there is a better monitoring of health of the people, responsiveness of health systems and measurement of health-related parameters.

The overall aims of the survey is to examine the way populations report their health, understand how people value health states, measure the performance of health systems in relation to responsiveness and gather information on modes and extents of payment for health encounters through a nationally representative population based community survey. In addition, it addresses various areas such as health care expenditures, adult mortality, birth history, various risk factors, assessment of main chronic health conditions and the coverage of health interventions, in specific additional modules.

The objectives of the survey programme are to: 1. develop a means of providing valid, reliable and comparable information, at low cost, to supplement the information provided by routine health information systems. 2. build the evidence base necessary for policy-makers to monitor if health systems are achieving the desired goals, and to assess if additional investment in health is achieving the desired outcomes. 3. provide policy-makers with the evidence they need to adjust their policies, strategies and programmes as necessary.

Geographic coverage

The survey sampling frame must cover 100% of the country's eligible population, meaning that the entire national territory must be included. This does not mean that every province or territory need be represented in the survey sample but, rather, that all must have a chance (known probability) of being included in the survey sample.

There may be exceptional circumstances that preclude 100% national coverage. Certain areas in certain countries may be impossible to include due to reasons such as accessibility or conflict. All such exceptions must be discussed with WHO sampling experts. If any region must be excluded, it must constitute a coherent area, such as a particular province or region. For example if ¾ of region D in country X is not accessible due to war, the entire region D will be excluded from analysis.

Analysis unit

Households and individuals

Universe

The WHS will include all male and female adults (18 years of age and older) who are not out of the country during the survey period. It should be noted that this includes the population who may be institutionalized for health reasons at the time of the survey: all persons who would have fit the definition of household member at the time of their institutionalisation are included in the eligible population.

If the randomly selected individual is institutionalized short-term (e.g. a 3-day stay at a hospital) the interviewer must return to the household when the individual will have come back to interview him/her. If the randomly selected individual is institutionalized long term (e.g. has been in a nursing home the last 8 years), the interviewer must travel to that institution to interview him/her.

The target population includes any adult, male or female age 18 or over living in private households. Populations in group quarters, on military reservations, or in other non-household living arrangements will not be eligible for the study. People who are in an institution due to a health condition (such as a hospital, hospice, nursing home, home for the aged, etc.) at the time of the visit to the household are interviewed either in the institution or upon their return to their household if this is within a period of two weeks from the first visit to the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

SAMPLING GUIDELINES FOR WHS

Surveys in the WHS program must employ a probability sampling design. This means that every single individual in the sampling frame has a known and non-zero chance of being selected into the survey sample. While a Single Stage Random Sample is ideal if feasible, it is recognized that most sites will carry out Multi-stage Cluster Sampling.

The WHS sampling frame should cover 100% of the eligible population in the surveyed country. This means that every eligible person in the country has a chance of being included in the survey sample. It also means that particular ethnic groups or geographical areas may not be excluded from the sampling frame.

The sample size of the WHS in each country is 5000 persons (exceptions considered on a by-country basis). An adequate number of persons must be drawn from the sampling frame to account for an estimated amount of non-response (refusal to participate, empty houses etc.). The highest estimate of potential non-response and empty households should be used to ensure that the desired sample size is reached at the end of the survey period. This is very important because if, at the end of data collection, the required sample size of 5000 has not been reached additional persons must be selected randomly into the survey sample from the sampling frame. This is both costly and technically complicated (if this situation is to occur, consult WHO sampling experts for assistance), and best avoided by proper planning before data collection begins.

All steps of sampling, including justification for stratification, cluster sizes, probabilities of selection, weights at each stage of selection, and the computer program used for randomization must be communicated to WHO

STRATIFICATION

Stratification is the process by which the population is divided into subgroups. Sampling will then be conducted separately in each subgroup. Strata or subgroups are chosen because evidence is available that they are related to the outcome (e.g. health, responsiveness, mortality, coverage etc.). The strata chosen will vary by country and reflect local conditions. Some examples of factors that can be stratified on are geography (e.g. North, Central, South), level of urbanization (e.g. urban, rural), socio-economic zones, provinces (especially if health administration is primarily under the jurisdiction of provincial authorities), or presence of health facility in area. Strata to be used must be identified by each country and the reasons for selection explicitly justified.

Stratification is strongly recommended at the first stage of sampling. Once the strata have been chosen and justified, all stages of selection will be conducted separately in each stratum. We recommend stratifying on 3-5 factors. It is optimum to have half as many strata (note the difference between stratifying variables, which may be such variables as gender, socio-economic status, province/region etc. and strata, which are the combination of variable categories, for example Male, High socio-economic status, Xingtao Province would be a stratum).

Strata should be as homogenous as possible within and as heterogeneous as possible between. This means that strata should be formulated in such a way that individuals belonging to a stratum should be as similar to each other with respect to key variables as possible and as different as possible from individuals belonging to a different stratum. This maximises the efficiency of stratification in reducing sampling variance.

MULTI-STAGE CLUSTER SELECTION

A cluster is a naturally occurring unit or grouping within the population (e.g. enumeration areas, cities, universities, provinces, hospitals etc.); it is a unit for which the administrative level has clear, nonoverlapping boundaries. Cluster sampling is useful because it avoids having to compile exhaustive lists of every single person in the population. Clusters should be as heterogeneous as possible within and as homogenous as possible between (note that this is the opposite criterion as that for strata). Clusters should be as small as possible (i.e. large administrative units such as Provinces or States are not good clusters) but not so small as to be homogenous.

In cluster sampling, a number of clusters are randomly selected from a list of clusters. Then, either all members of the chosen cluster or a random selection from among them are included in the sample. Multistage sampling is an extension of cluster sampling where a hierarchy of clusters are chosen going from larger to smaller.

In order to carry out multi-stage sampling, one needs to know only the population sizes of the sampling units. For the smallest sampling unit above the elementary unit however, a complete list of all elementary units (households) is needed; in order to be able to randomly select among all households in the TSU, a list of all those households is required. This information may be available from the most recent population census. If the last census was >3 years ago or the information furnished by it was of poor quality or unreliable, the survey staff will have the task of enumerating all households in the smallest randomly selected sampling unit. It is very important to budget for this step if it is necessary and ensure that all households are properly enumerated in order that a representative sample is obtained.

It is always best to have as many clusters in the PSU as possible. The reason for this is that the fewer the number of respondents in each PSU, the lower will be the clustering effect which

As part of my ongoing project, I aim to populate Kaggle with updated data of the Philippines.

Here, I have compiled the official population of the Philippines, which is declared by the incumbent president every five years. The data is organized by provinces, with independent cities included under their respective provinces.

Abstract

The 2002 Census of Agriculture (CA 2002) is a large-scale government operation geared towards the collection and compilation of statistics in the agriculture sector of the country. The collected data will constitute the bases from which policymakers and planners will formulate plans for the country's development.

The following were the objectives of CA 2002:

1. To determine the structure and characteristics of agricultural holdings;
2. To determine the number and distribution of households and enterprises engaged in agriculture and to gather information on the operation of these households and enterprises;
3. To provide the basis for sampling frame for other statistical undertakings; and
4. To provide basic data for use in national as well as sub-national development planning.

Specifically, it aims to: 1. Obtain comprehensive data on farm characterisitcs such as size, location, tenure status, irrigation system, crops planted, livestock/poultry raised, etc.; 2. Determine the type and number of equipment, machineries and facilities used in the operation of agricultural activities whether owned or rented; and 3. Provide benchmarks for the various statistical series which are designed to measure progress in agriculture.

Major findings include the following: 1. Central Visayas accounted for the highest number of farms but Bicol Region had the biggest farm area. 2. Almost all farms in the country were operated individually. 3. Most farms were owned by the agricultural operators. 4. More than half of the farms in the country were under temporary crops. 5. Palay remained as the major temporary crop in the country. 6. Coconut also remained as the dominant permanent crop. 7. Individual system irrigation was the most common in the country. 8. Number of hogs reared and tended increased by 1.1 milliion heads. 9. Raising of chicken was the prevalent poultry raising activity. 10. Ornamental and flower gardening (excluding orchid) was also common in the country. 11. Male operators dominated the agriculture sector. 12. Almost 80 percent of the household members engaged in agricultural activity were working in own agricultural holding. 13. Plow was the most common farm equipment in the country.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The census covered all households, agricultural operators, and agricultural establishments.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The CA 2002 adopted a one-stage stratified systematic sampling design where selection of sample barangays was done by city/muncipality (by district for the National Capital Region or NCR) and by stratum. However, for the provinces of Laguna, Isabela, Bukidnon, and Batanes, a full sample-census was adopted.

Except for the cities/municipalities of the full-sample barangays, all cities/municipalities (6 districts for NCR) were treated as domains and the barangays as the ultimate sampling units. The six districts of NCR are as follows: NCR I - Manila; NCR II - Quezon City; NCR III - San Juan, Cities of Mandaluyong, Marikina and Pasig; NCR IV - Malabon, Navotas, Cities of Kalookan and Valenzuela; NCR V - Pateros, Taguig and Makati City; and NCR VI - Cities of Pasay, Las Piñas, Muntinlupa, Parañaque

The sampling frame was based on the list of barangays taken from the results of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (Census 2000) as of June 2002.

In each domain, all barangays were grouped into three strata, as follows: Stratum 1 - Barangays with the largest Total Farm Area (TFA) in the municipality based on the 1991 Census of Agriculture and fisheries (CAF) Stratum 2 - All other sample barangays of the 1991 CAF Stratum 3 - All other barangays in the sampling frame

The 1991 sample barangays in each domain were ranked by descending values of TFA. The barangays with the largest TFA in 1991, referred to as the certainty barangays, were included in Stratum 1. In cases where the certainty barangay was split into two or more barangays as a result of the creation of a new barangay (as of June 2002 master list of barangays), the new barangay was also treated as a certainty barangay. Sample barangays of the 1991 CAF not included in Stratum 1 were assigned in Stratum 2. Barangays with no TFA because they were not samples during the 1991 CAF were arranged in ascending order of the total number of households based on Census 2000. These barangays were assigned in Stratum 3.

All barangays in Stratum 1 were automatically taken as samples. Sample barangays in Strata 2 and 3 were systematically selected using a 25-percent sampling rate, except for NCR. The sampling rates for NCR were 50 percent and 10 percent for Stratum 2 and Stratum 3, respectively. In each sampled barangay, all households were covered.

All agricultural establishments identified in the 2002 List of Establishments, whether or not located in the sample barangays of CA 2002, and new agricultural establishments in the sample barangays during the enumeration of CA 2002, were enumerated.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

The accomplished census forms undergone several stages of data editing. These stages include the following:

1. Field editing which consisted of checking of consistency, correctness and completness of entries while in the field.
2. Manual Processing of accomplished questionnaires at the Provincial Offices where the following were done: a. Verification of geographic identification and completeness of forms b. Checking for legibility of entries c. Coding
3. Machine Processing which includes machine validation, consistency checking and completeness checking of entries.

Sampling error estimates

In order to provide a basis for assessing the reliability or precision of CA estimates, the estimation of the magnitude of sampling error in the census data was undertaken by the NSO for the 2002 CA. The standard error (SE) and coefficient of variation (C.V.) were used as measures of sampling error.

Abstract

Census of Population and Housing refers to the entire process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing, and publishing data about the population and the living quarters in a country. It entails the listing and recording of the characteristics of each individual and each living quarter as of a specified time and within a specified territory.

Census 2000 is designed to take an inventory of the total population and housing units in the Philippines and to collect information about their characteristics. The census of population is the source of information on the size and distribution of the population as well as information about the demographic, social, economic and cultural characteristics. The census of housing, on the other hand, provides information on the supply of housing units, their structural characteristics and facilities which have bearing on the maintenance of privacy, health and the development of normal family living conditions. These information are vital for making rational plans and programs for national and local development.

The Census 2000 aims to provide government planners, policy makers and administrators with data on which to base their social and economic development plans and programs.

May 1, 2000 has been designated as Census Day for the 2000 Census of Population and Housing or Census 2000, on which date the enumeration of the population and the collection of all pertinent data on housing in the Philippines shall refer.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage Regions Provinces Cities and Municipalities Barangays

Analysis unit

Individuals Households Housing units

Universe

The Census 2000 covered all persons who were alive as of 12:01 a.m. of May 1, 2000 and who are: - Filipino nationals permanently residing in the Philippines; - Filipino nationals who are temporarily at sea or are temporarily abroad as of census date; - Filipino overseas workers as of census date, even though expected to be away for more than a year; - Philippine government officials, both military and civilian, including Philippine diplomatic personnel and their families, assigned abroad; and - Civilian citizens of foreign countries having their usual residence in the Philippines or foreign visitors who have stayed or are expected to stay for at least a year from the time of their arrival in this country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

In the Census 2000, there are basically two types of questionnaires to be used for the enumeration of hosueholds memmbers. These are CPH Form 2 or the Common Household Questionnaire and the CPH Form 3 or the Sample Household Questionnaire. There are procedures for selecting those households to whom CPH Form 3 will be administered. All enumerators are required to strictly follow these procedures.

The sampling rate, or the proportion of households to be selected as samples within each EA, varies from one EA to another. It can be either 100%, 20% or 10%. If the sampling rate applied to an EA is 100%, it means that all households in that EA will use CPH Form 3. IF it is 20% or 10%, it means that one-fifth or one-tenth, respectively, of all households will use CPH Form 3 while the rest will use CPH Form 2.

The scheme for the selection of sample households is known as systematic sampling with clusters as the sampling units. Under this scheme, the households in an EA are grouped in clusters of size 5. Clusters are formed by grouping together households that have been assigned consecutive serial numbers as they are listed in the Listing Page.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaires for 2000 Census of Population and Housing were basically patterned from previous censuses except that it should be in Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) format. The basic questionnaires designed for this undertaking were as follows:

CPH Form 1 - Listing Page This is a sheet wherein all buildings, housing units, households and institutional living quarters within an enumeration area (EA) will be listed. Other information pertaining to the population of households and institutional living quarters will also be recorded in this form.

CPH Form 2 - Common Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which will be used for interview and for recording information about the common or non-sample households. This questionnaire gathers information on the following demographic and social characteristics of the population: relationship to household head, family nucleus, date of birth, age, birth registration, sex, marital status, religious affiliation, disability, ethnicity, residence five years ago and highest educational attainment. This also gathers information on building and housing unit characteristics.

CPH Form 3 - Sample Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which will be used for interview and for recording information about the sample households. This questionnaire contains the same question as in CPH Form 2 and additional questions, namely: citizenship, language, literacy, school attendance, type of school, place of school, usual activity/occupation, kind of business/industry, place of work and some items on fertility. It also asks additional questions on household characteristics and amenities and residence five years ago.

CPH Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire This questionnaire records information about persons considered part of the institutional population. It contains questions on residence status, date of birth, age, sex, marital status, religious affiliation, disability, ethnicity and highest educational attainment.

CPH Form 5 - Barangay Schedule This questionnaire will gather indicators to update the characteristics of all barangays which will determine its urbanity.

CPH Form 6 - Notice of Listing/Enumeration This is the sticker that will be posted in a very conspicuous place, preferably in front of the house or gate of the building after listing and interviewing. This sticker indicates that the Building/Housing Unit/Household has already been enumerated.

CPH Form 7 - Common Household Questionnaire Self Administered Questionnaire (SAQ) Instructions This form contains the detailed instructions on how to fill up/answer CPH Form 2. It will accompany CPH Form 2 to be distributed to households who will answer the form themselves, such as those in designated SAQ areas or those where three callbacks or four visits have been made.

CPH Form 8 - Institutional Population Questionnaire SAQ Instructions This form describes the instructions on how to accomplish CPH Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire. It will accompany CPH Form 4 to be distributed to head of institutions who will accomplish the form.

CPH Form 9 - Appointment Slip This form will be used to set an appointment with the household head or any responsible member of the household in case you were unable to interview any one during your first visit or second visit. You will indicate in this form the date and time of your next visit.

Blank Barangay Map This form will be used to enlarge map of each block of an enumeration area/barangay especially if congested areas are being enumerated.

The main questionnaires were developed in English and were translated to major dialects: Bicol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ifugao, Ilocano, Kapampangan, Tagalog, and Waray.

Minimum Wages in Philippines remained unchanged at 645 PHP/day in 2025 from 645 PHP/day in 2024. This dataset provides - Philippines Minimum Wages- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, Negros Island Region was the leading raw sugar producing region in the Philippines, with about 225,000 hectares of sugarcane planted or harvested for raw sugar production. There are four regions in the country that do not produce raw sugar.

Abstract

The Quarterly Survey of Philippine Business and Industry is a nationwide quarterly survey regularly conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority. It aims to provide quarterly data on revenue/sales, employment and compensation for each of the identified key industries (3/5-digit level) as classified under the 2009 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC).

Specifically, the survey data will be used by the Sectoral Statistics Office (created under RA 10625 - Philippine Statistical Act of 2013) in the generation of the Quarterly National Accounts (QNA) and in construction of the Quarterly Economic Indicators (QEI).

Geographic coverage

National and Regional

Analysis unit

Establishment

Universe

All establishments with total employment of 20 and over in the formal sector of the economy except agriculture, forestry and fishing.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The QSPBI frame consists of establishments, with ATE of 20 and over, as extracted from the latest available List of Establishments (LE) maintained by the Service and Industry Census Division (SICD) under Censuses and Technical Coordination Office of the PSA.

The updating of the LE involves (1) capturing and listing of characteristics of "new" establishments; (2) updating of the status and characteristics of "old" establishments; (3) de-listing "closed" establishments that should no longer form part of the LE and (4) identifying out-of-scope units on the database.

The 2015 ULE involved the complete enumeration of selected barangays where "no matched" establishments (establishments listed in other sources but not in the LE) from prioritized secondary sources are located. Also covered are barangays with new shopping malls, barangays having the highest number of establishments from the typhoon Yolanda affected cities/municipalities, barangays where there exist an establishment having an employment of 100 and over, and barangays with highest count of establishments for some provinces. Other "no matched" establishments, including those located in distant barangays, were covered using mail inquiry.

Other sources of updates are the survey feedbacks from the 2015 Quarterly Survey of Philippine Business and Industry (QSPBI) and 2015 Monthly Integrated Survey of Selected Industries (MISSI); list of branches and subsidiaries from the 2014 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry and 2014 Survey of Tourism Establishments in the Philippines (STEP).

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Cleaning operations

To determine the completeness, consistency and reasonableness of entries in the accomplished questionnaires, the field office staff field edited and verified the accomplished reports based on specified editing and consistency checks instructions.

Doubtful entries were resolved immediately at the Provincial Office through phone calls or personal visits by defining or clarifying problems regarding the establishments' reports.

Response rate

For 1st quarter 2015 QSPBI, 95.3% response rate.

For 2nd quarter 2015 QSPBI, 91.4% response rate.

For 3rd quarter 2015, 91.4% response rate.

For 4th quarter 2015, 92.6% response rate.

For 1st quarter 2016 QSPBI, 95.7% response rate.

For 2nd quarter 2016 QSPBI, 95.4% response rate.

For 3rd quarter 2016, 94.4% response rate.

For 4th quarter 2016, 90.8% response rate.

Sampling error estimates

The current sample selection procedure of the QSPBI is not probability sampling, hence no sampling error estimates are computed.

Data appraisal

Data Evaluation:

Evaluation of the reports from establishments is done by comparing the growth rates of the variables in the current quarter report with the previous quarter report. That is, the ratio of the two succeeding (consecutive) reports for each of the data items should be within a specified range. These set ranges are based on the observed movements or trends from the historical reports of the establishments within the same industry groups. Reports that deviate from these ranges need to be verified with the establishment/respondent for correction or explanation.

Field Awards:

The Field Awards is an incentive system for the Philippine Statistics Authority regional and provincial offices to motivate the field offices to perform quality outputs in mandated activities and to conduct programs to support and promote its mission and vision. It also aims to increase PSA visibility not only among sub-national and local government agencies but also with the private sectors.

The Field Awards centers on efficiency, innovativeness, creativity and productivity of field offices. The Field Awards is dynamic and changes in criteria, weights and documentation requirements depend on the priorities of the office.

Abstract

The 2006 Census of Philippine Business and Industry - Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Sector, and Fishing Sector (CPBI-AFF) is one of the designated statistical activities undertaken by the National Statistics Office (NSO). It sought to collect and generate information on the levels, structure and trends of economic activities in the entire country. Data collected from the census will served as a benchmark for the measurement and comparison of national, regional and provincial economic growth.

The data collected from the 2006 CPBI will constitute bases upon which the government and private sectors can formulate policies and evolve economic development plans. Specifically, the census data are used in constructing national and regional income accounts of the Philippine economy; formulating and monitoring plans and policies in the attainment of national and regional economic goals; determining and comparing regional and provincial economic structures and performances; providing updates for the frame of establishments; and conducting market research and feasibility studies.

The scope of the census consisted of 14 sectors of the Philippine economy as classified in the amended 1994 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC). All information collected from the census refers to calendar year 2006 except for employment data which is as of 15 November 2006.

This metadata, however, contains the documentation of two sectors namely: Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry sector and Fishing sector classified as major divisions A and B in the amended 1994 PSIC. Data collected are on employment, compensation, revenue, subsidies, cost, fixed assets, intangible assets, capital expenditures and inventories. It also includes the procedures undertaken in all phases of the operation, scope and coverage, sampling design, publication volume, copy of questionnaire used, and other administrative and informative documents related to the census operation.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Entreprises

Universe

All establishments/enterprises engaged in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing activity.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The 2006 CPBI used stratified systematic sampling with five-digit PSIC or groups of five-digit PSIC and/or four-digit PSIC or groups of four-digit PSIC and/or three-digit PSIC or groups of three-digit PSIC serving as first stratification variable and total employment as the second stratification variable.

The sampling design for the 2006 CPBI consists of the following:

a. Determination of geographic domain b. Determination of industry domain c. Determination of employment strata d. Determination of sampling unit e. Determination of sample size f. Sample allocation g. Sample selection.

For the complete details of the above-mentioned procedures and sampling frame used, refer to technical documents Section 'Sampling Design' and 'Frame of Establishments', respectively, of the Publication Volume.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Manual editing of data was done in three levels, as follows: · Field editing of data was done by the field officers, hired SRs and provincial staff upon collection of the accomplished questionnaires from the sample establishments. The objective is to check for completeness and consistency of entries in the questionnaires, following the instructions provided in the Field Operations and Processing Manual. Any inconsistent or missing data was corrected at this stage as this can be immediately verified from the respondents. · Office verification was done by provincial office staff upon receipt of the accomplished questionnaires from the field men and hired SRs. In some instances, the staff contacted directly the establishments through phone call or sent email inquiries to verify some inconsistent or missing data. · Desk verification was done by the ITSD staff to check the consistency and reasonableness of entries in the accomplished questionnaires. Consolidated reports of enterprises were disaggregated at the firm level based on the reports submitted by the enterprise using ratios and proportions of individual firms tof enterprise. This process also validated the status of establishments that were non-responding and reported closed, cannot be located, transferred, and out of scope. Telephone inquiry was extensively utilized to verify information from the establishment's contact person. The internet was also used to obtain information on the contact address and to research for information on the status of the establishment.

Machine processing was also done, consisting of data entry, structural and consistency checks and encoding of updates, and generation and analysis of completeness of questionnaires with ID validation and summary file reports. A microcomputer-based machine processing and tabulation system for the 2006 CPBI was developed by the IRD staff using Census and Survey Processing (CSPro) software. The system consisted of three modules namely: data entry module, validate data module which includes structural edit and completeness check, and tabulation module.

Data entry was done by IRD-Information and Technology Operations Division staff and ITSD subject matter staff while the remaining machine processing activities were done by the subject matter staff. CSPro version 3.0 was used with a highly structured data entry program. Range checks and skips were incorporated in the program.

Validate data module checked the acceptability of entries, completeness and consistencies of data items in the questionnaire including the completeness of responding samples with that of the sample reference file. The tabulation module consisted of the generation of unweighted and weighted tables for establishments with total employment of 20 and over and less than 20. The unweighted tables are simply the tally tables for the responding samples, that is, without adjustment for the weight of each sample.

The final tables were subjected to review and analysis to check for internal and external consistency and completeness of data, including the correctness in the computation of derived variables and indicators.

Response rate

The total number of sample establishments for the agriculture, hunting and forestry sector is 1,605. This is broken down by establishments size, that is, 651 for establishment with total employment of 20 and over while it is 954 for establishment with total employment of less than 20.

The overall response rate is 91.7 percent for the agriculture, hunting and forestry sector. For establishments with total employment of 20 and over, the response rate is 88.3 percent while that for establishments with total employment of less than 20 the response rate is 94.0 percent.

For the fishing sector, the total number of sample establishments is 689, that is, 156 for establishment with total employment of 20 and over, and 533 for establishment with total employment of less than 20.

The overall response rate is 97.5 percent for fishing sector. The response rate is 93.6 percent for establishments with total employment of 20 and over, and 98.7 percent for establishments with total employment of less than 20.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates of standard error by sector and industry were computed as input to the design of succeeding survey, in this case, the 2008 ASPBI.

Data appraisal

Indicators were derived to check for the consistency between data items and also compared with indicators of previous economic surveys and censuses. Growth rate of variables were also checked with data obtained from top 1000 corporations, as released by Securities and Exchange Commission.

Abstract

The Quarterly Aquaculture Survey aims to generate accurate and timely information on quarterly production, area and price by aquafarm type and species at the provincial level. It asks for the actual level of production, area harvested and price for each species during the reference quarter of the current and previous year from the sample operators in the top producing municipalities. Fisheries outputs form part of the estimation for the performance of agriculture and eventually, of the National Accounts for the generation GVA, GNP and GDP.

Geographic coverage

The survey is conducted in 82 provinces nationwide.

Analysis unit

• Aquafarm

Universe

The survey covers aquaculture operations in 82 provinces of 17 aquaculture species in 13 aquafarm types/environments. The following are the aquafarm types and environments covered: - Brackishwater and freshwater fishpond - Brackishwater, freshwater and marine pen and cage - Oyster, mussel and seaweed - Other freshwater aquafarms like rice fish, SFR, etc.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Quarterly Aquaculture Survey is a non-probability survey. Selection of farms was done by aquafarm type in the province. By aquafarm type, top producing municipalities are those with cumulative share of at least 80% to total area based on Aquaculture Farms Inventory (AqFI).

For each municipality, eight sample aquafarms are selected, if the number of aquafarms in the municipality is more than 25. If the number of aquafarms is less than 25, five sample aquafarms are selected. A total of 6,662 sample aquafarms were covered nationwide.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

There were five QAqS survey forms that were being used depending on the type of aquafarm: - QAqS Form 1 - Fishpond - QAqS Form 2 - Pen and Cage - QAqS Form 3 - Oyster, Mussel and Seaweed - QAqS Form 4 - Hatchery - QAqS Form 5 - Other Freshwater Farms

The datasets were the same for all the forms except for the section on species cultured applicable to the type of an aquafarm.

Cleaning operations

Initially, the survey returns are manually edited to ensure completeness and accuracy. During this stage, survey returns are checked for completeness from the list of samples. For each of the survey forms, entries should be complete and numeric entries are in proper unit of measurement and decimal places. After encoding, the entries are again inspected and reviewed for completeness, accuracy and consistency with other items.

Response rate

Response rate is 73%. This accounted for farms in operation and those without harvest during the reference period.

Sampling error estimates

Not computed

Abstract

Philippines Population Census 2015 was designed to take an inventory of the total population in the country and collect information about its characteristics. The census of population is the source of information on the size, distribution, and composition of the population in each barangay, city/municipality, province, and region in the country, as well as information about its demographic, social, and economic characteristics. These indicators are vital in the formulation of rational plans and programs towards national and local development.

Specifically, POPCEN 2015 gathered data on: - size and geographic distribution of the population; - population composition in terms of age, sex, and marital status; - religious affiliation; - school attendance, literacy, highest grade/year completed, and technical/vocational course obtained; - usual activity/occupation, and whether overseas worker for members 15 years old and over; - registration of birth and death; - household-level characteristics such as fuel used for lighting and source of water supply for drinking and cooking; - housing characteristics such as the type of building, construction materials of the roof of the building, construction materials of the outer walls of the building/housing unit, and tenure status of the housing unit/lot; and - barangay characteristics such as the presence of selected facilities and establishments; and presence of informal settlers, relocation areas, and in-movers in the barangay due to natural and man-made disasters.

August 1, 2015 was designated as Census Day for the POPCEN 2015, on which date the enumeration of the population in the Philippines was referred. For the purpose of this census, all information collected about the population were as of 12:01 a.m., Saturday, August 1, 2015.

Enumeration lasted for about 25 days, from 10 August to 6 September 2015. In some areas, enumeration was extended until 15 September 2015 for large provinces.

Geographic coverage

The population count is available at the barangay, city/municipal, provincial, regional, and national levels. Demographic, social, and economic characteristics are tabulated at the city/municipal, provincial, regional, and national levels.

Analysis unit

The following are the units of analysis in POPCEN 2015: 1. Individual person 2. Household 3. Housing unit 4. Institutional Population 5. Barangay

Universe

The POPCEN 2015 covered all persons who were alive as of 12:01 a.m. August 1, 2015, and who were members of the household and institution as follows:

Persons Enumerated as Members of the Household:

1. Those who were present at the time of visit and whose usual place of residence was the housing unit where the household lived;

2. Family members who were overseas workers and who were away at the time of the census and were expected to be back within five years from the date of last departure. These included household members who may or may not have had a specific work contract or had been presently at home on vacation but had an existing overseas employment to return to. Undocumented overseas workers were still considered as members of the household for as long as they had been away for not more than five years. Immigrants, however, were excluded from the census.

3. Those whose usual place of residence was the place where the household lived but were temporarily away at the time of the census for any of the following reasons: a. on vacation, business/pleasure trip, or training somewhere in the Philippines and was expected to be back within six months from the date of departure. An example was a person on training with the Armed Forces of the Philippines for not more than six months; b. on vacation, business/pleasure trip, on study/training abroad and was expected to be back within a year from the date of departure; c. working or attending school outside their usual place of residence but usually came home at least once a week; d. confined in hospitals for a period of not more than six months as of the time of enumeration, except when they were confined as patients in mental hospitals, leprosaria/leper colonies or drug rehabilitation centers, regardless of the duration of their confinement; e. detained in national/provincial/city/municipal jails or in military camps for a period of not more than six months as of the time of enumeration, except when their sentence or detentionwas expected to exceed six months; f. on board coastal, interisland, or fishing vessels within Philippine territories; and g. on board oceangoing vessels but expected to be back within five years from the date of departure.

4. Boarders/lodgers of the household or employees of household-operated businesses who did not return/go home to their respective households weekly;

5. Citizens of foreign countries who resided or were expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival, except members of diplomatic missions and non-Filipino members of international organizations;

6. Filipino balikbayans with usual place of residence in a foreign country but resided or were expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival; and

7. Persons temporarily staying with the household who had no usual place of residence or who were not certain to be enumerated elsewhere.

Persons Enumerated as Members of the Institutional Population:

1. Permanent lodgers in boarding houses;

2. Dormitory residents who did not usually go home to their respective households at least once a week;

3. Hotel residents who stayed in the hotel for more than six months at the time of the census;

4. Boarders in residential houses, provided that their number was 10 or more. However, if the number of boarders in a house was less than 10, they were considered as members of regular households, not of institutions;

5. Patients in hospitals who were confined for more than six months;

6. Patients confined in mental hospitals, leprosaria or leper colonies, and drug rehabilitation centers, regardless of the length of their confinement;

7. Wards in orphanages, homes for the aged, and other welfare institutions;

8. Prisoners of corrective and penal institutions;

9. Seminarians, nuns in convents, monks, and postulants;

10. Soldiers residing in military camps; and

11. Workers in mining and similar camps.

All Filipinos in Philippine embassies, missions, and consulates abroad were also included in the enumeration.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The POPCEN 2015 is a complete enumeration of all persons, households and institutional population in the country. No sampling was done.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face interview [f2f] and self-administered; Paper and Pencil

Research instrument

Listed below are the basic census forms that were used during the field enumeration:

• CP Form 1 - Listing Booklet This booklet was used to list the buildings, housing units, households, and ILQs within an EA. It was also used to record other information such as the address of the household head or ILQ, total population, and number of males and females corresponding to each household and ILQ listed.

• CP Form 2 - Household Questionnaire This four-page questionnaire was used to record information about the households. Specifically, this form was used to gather information on selected demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population and some information on housing characteristics.

• CP Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire This four-page questionnaire was used to record information on selected demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population residing in ILQs.

• CP Form 5 - Barangay Schedule This four-page questionnaire was used to record the physical characteristics (e.g. street pattern) and the presence of service facilities and establishments by kind and emplyment size in the barangay. It was also used to record the presence of informal settlers, relocation areas, and in-movers in the barangay due to natural and man-made disasters.

• CP Form 7 - Household Self-Administered Questionnaire Instructions This form contains specific and detailed instructions on how to fill out/accomplish each item in CP Form 2. It was used as guide/reference by respondents who were not, for some reasons, personally interviewed by the EN.

• CP Form 8 - Institutional Population Self-Administered Questionnaire Instructions This form contains specific and detailed instructions for the managers/administrators to guide them in accomplishing each item in CP Form 4. It was used as guide/reference by managers or administrators of an ILQ.

Listed below are the major administrative and accomplishment forms that were also used to facilitate data collection and supervision, and monitoring of enumeration and personnel:

• Mapping Form This form was used to plot buildings, either occupied by households or vacant, ILQs and important physical landmarks in the area. It was also used to enlarge a map or a block of an EA/barangay if the area being enumerated is too large or congested. CP Form 1 - Listing Booklet

• CP Form 6 - Notice of Listing/Enumeration This form is a sticker. After listing and interviewing a household or ILQ, this sticker was posted in a very conspicuous place, preferably in front of the house or at the gate of the building. This form was used for control and monitoring purposes as its presence indicates that a particular housing unit or ILQ had already been listed/interviewed.

• CP Form 9 - Appointment Slip to the Household/Institution/Barangay Official This form was used to set an appointment with the

Abstract

The profitability of producing milkfish is one of the primary concerns among planners and policy makers in setting up goals and strategies for the development of fisheries. Likewise, this is the concern of agribusiness players who are interested to venture in milkfish farming.

The survey aimed to generate updated data on the levels and structure of costs and returns of milkfish production. Specifically, it was conducted to determine the production cost structures; indicators of profitability such as gross and net returns, returns above cash costs, net profit - cost ratio, etc.; usage of materials and labor inputs; and other related socio-economic variables.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the top four (4) milkfish producing provinces namely: Pangasinan, Bulacan, Capiz and Iloilo.

Analysis unit

Milkfish pond operators and milkfish ponds with harvests during the reference period

Universe

The survey covered all milkfish ponds with harvests during the last completed production cycle in 2006 as the reference period.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The survey covered fishpond operators in the top four (4) milkfish producing provinces in the country namely: Pangasinan, Bulacan, Iloilo and Capiz. The domain of the study was the province, with the last completed production cycle in 2006 as the reference period.

The lists of milkfish producing barangays by province prepared by the concerned BAS Provincial Operations Centers (POCs) were used as the sampling frame for this study. The lists contained data on the area devoted to milkfish production and number of milkfish pond operators by barangay as of 2006. These data were obtained from BAS-BFAR lists of aquafarms, updated Barangay Screening Survey (BSS) data, existing POC lists and the local government units.

A two-stage sampling design was employed with the barangay as the primary sampling unit and the fishpond operator as the secondary and ultimate sampling unit. The barangays were drawn using systematic sampling from an ordered list of barangays with at least five (5) milkfish pond operators. Systematic sampling was used so that both large and small farm operators in the province in terms of milkfish production would be represented in the sample. On the other hand, sample operators were identified using snowball approach during data collection. During the search for sample operators, a set of screening questions was applied to see to it that the samples satisfy the following criteria:

1. must be engaged in milkfish culture in fishpond, and
2. must have harvested milkfish in 2006

The total sample size was 100 fishpond operators per province, equally allocated to 20 sample barangays. Following was the distribution of sample fishpond operators by province.

Pangasinan (100) : All monoculture Bulacan (100) : 69 monoculture and 31 polyculture
Capiz (99) : 94 monoculture and 5 polyculture Iloilo (100) : 95 monoculture and 5 polyculture

All four provinces (399) : 358 monoculture and 41 polyculture

In Capiz, one sample did not satisfy the second survey criterion, i.e. there was no reported production.

The data attached in the Data Set include only monoculture.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

A structured questionnaire written in English was used. It was designed in tabular form and other parts were in question type format. The data items/variables in the questionnaire were based on the previous (2001) questionnaires with some modifications and additions.

The questionnaire was pre-tested and reviewed before its implementation.

The questionnaire consisted of 9 pages covering 13 blocks as follows:

A. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION includes the location of the farm such as the name of the region, province, city/municipality and barangay.

B. SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION such as the name, age, sex, highest educational attainment, main occupation and number of years engaged in milkfish production, name of the respondent and relationship of respondent to owner/operator.

C. AQUAFARM CHARACTERISTICS include the name of aquafarm, physical area of aquafarm, number of ponds and its size, tenurial status, aquafarm environment and culture method adopted.

D. FARM INVESTMENTS cover data on inventory of farm investments used, year and cost of acquisition, repairs and improvement cost, estimated life and percent of use in the focus pond.

E. MATERIAL INPUTS contain data on the quantity and cost of stocking materials, fertilizers, lime, pesticides, disease prevention and pollution control and other chemicals.

F. LABOR INPUTS cover data on labor utilization (in terms of mandays) and labor cost by type of farming activity, by source of labor and by sex and food cost incurred.

G. OTHER PRODUCTION COSTS include data on cash and non-cash payments for land tax, salaries and wages, lease/rental, rental value of owned land, rentals of machine and tools, fuel and oil, transport costs of inputs, license/permits, electricity, and interest payment on loans.

H. PRODUCTION AND DISPOSITION contain data on volume of milkfish production and its disposition in terms of sold, harvesters' share, caretakers' share, other laborers' share, landowners' share, lease/rental, for home consumption, given away, and other dispositions.

I. BUYER INFORMATION contain data on the major buyer of milkfish.

J. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED include problems affecting production and marketing of milkfish.

K. ACCESS TO CREDIT covers data on the amount and source of loan, and interest rate per annum.

L. OTHER INFORMATION include daata on the membership in fishery related association, access to extension services, future plans of fishpond operators and their recommendations to improve milkfish production

M. INTERVIEW/SURVEY PARTICULARS contain the name and signature of data collector, field supervisor/editor and PASO and date accomplished.

Cleaning operations

Manual editing was initially done at the Provincial Operations Center during and after data collection using the CRS editing guidelines prepared by the Central Office. The edited questionnaires were again checked at the Central Office. Coding and encoding were likewise done at the Central Office.

Response rate

Response rate of 99.8 percent

Data appraisal

A series of reviews was done to assess the quality of the data in terms of reliability and acceptability. A comparison with the results of past surveys on input usage, labor utilization, production cost and return structure of milkfish was made.