SOCIB Glider Missions - Canales Endurance Line - was initiated in 2011, with in kind collaboration of CSIC (IMEDEA), covering both the Mallorca and Ibiza channel in a semi-continuous operational mode and sampling physical and biogeochemical observations. The Ibiza channel is a well-established biodiversity hotspot and accordingly more intensive monitoring of the Ibiza channel is carried out to capture the mesoscale and submesoscale structures and their relation to the weekly to seasonal and annual/inter-annual variability. On the canales endurance line, ocean gliders making repeated dives from the surface to 1000 m interior of the ocean, repeating the cycle every ~5 hours, and traveling ~5 km in the horizontal during each dive. The canales endurance line is covering both the Mallorca and Ibiza channel in a semi-continuous operational mode. The glider missions typically last about 60 to 90 days, providing 6-10 sections of the Ibiza channel and 2 sections of the Mallorca channel. Since 2011 the Canales Endurance line has completed 108 glider missions, covered 53000 km over the ground, and has more than 97000 physical and biogeochemical profiles.

No description is available. Visit https://dataone.org/datasets/a597343a7e7413ecf82e8fe9c814da8d for complete metadata about this dataset.

The Black Sea is a semi-enclosed basin with limited water exchange with the open basins and significant river discharges. These inflows are critical to the Black Sea's hydrology, nutrient availability, and ecosystem biogeochemistry. In the Black Sea, the interaction of atmospheric forcing, river discharges, and mesoscale dynamics contributes to the formation of distinct water masses. The northern part of the Black Sea has a shelf exposed to seasonal hypoxia and eutrophication. In contrast, the southern half is deep and stratified, with anoxic waters below 100 meters. These characteristics made the Black Sea an enormous meromictic sea. In the DOORS project (Developing Optimal and Open Research Support), a glider mission was conducted during the DOORS field campaign from May 6 to June 17, 2023, in the Romanian Exclusive Economic Zone. The mission covered 288 nautical miles and collected 863 physical and biogeochemical profiles down to a depth of 1000 meters. During the glider mission, we performed ten transects to the shelf and close to the Danube Cone. Each transect lasted around four days to complete, allowing us to better understand the temporal and spatial variability.

CTD collection

Through the long-term monitoring program called “Canales”, gliders operated by SOCIB have been deployed in the Ibiza Channel (western Mediterranean) along a semi-continuous endurance line. Since 2011, more than 70 glider missions have been successfully performed, collecting temperature and salinity profiles from the surface to 950 m depth, from which geostrophic velocities were derived. Following the methodology described in Juza et al. (2025), total and water mass geostrophic transports were then computed for each completed section. The water masses are: recent and modified Atlantic Waters (AWr and AWm, respectively), Western Intermediate Water (WIW), Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) and Western Mediterranean Deep Water (WMDW). This dataset contains the monthly climatology of the northward (positive) and southward (negative) flows for the total, AWr, AWm, WIW, LIW and WMDW transports in the Ibiza Channel over the period 2011-2022.

The project aims at assessing the importance of a new monitoring line across the Algerian Basin between Palma de Mallorca and the Algerian Coast. The Algerian Basin (AB) is located in the south of the Western Mediterranean Sea and is characterized by the presence of fairly fresh surface waters coming from the Atlantic (Atlantic Water- AW) and the more saline waters from the northwestern Mediterranean region interacting at different scales from basin-scale to mesoscale structures. The project aims at assessing the importance of a monitoring line across the AB between Palma de Mallorca and the Algerian coasts. ABACUS project will contribute to data collection in The Southern European Seas, one of the main EU maritime policy objectives, as outlined in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive through a multi-platform study of the mesoscale variability and main physical and biological characteristics of the AC system.

CTD collection

The aim of this experiment was to assess the operational HF radar surface current velocities in the Ibiza Channel in a Lagrangian framework, by comparing against surface drifter derived velocities"

CALYPSO (Coherent Lagrangian Pathways from the Surface Ocean to Interior) is an ONR Departmental Research Initiative that addresses the challenge of observing, understanding and predicting the three-dimensional pathways by which water from the surface ocean makes its way into the deeper ocean. Discovering the routes by which trace substances, phytoplankton, and dissolved gases like oxygen, are transported vertically, as they are also carried horizontally by oceanic currents, is the goal of this research. An innovative set of observational techniques are being used, along with process study models, predictive models, and data synthesis, to identify coherent pathways for vertical transport and to diagnose and predict the physical processes that underlie such subduction.

The Argo observing network is composed of profiling floats which collect information from the ocean surface to subsurface. These floats collect vertical profiles of ocean temperature and salinity, and some also measure biogeochemical ocean properties. These data provide information about the 4-dimensional ocean, helping to understand the oceans’ role in the Earth's climate system and to improve future climate change estimates. As part of the Euro-Argo ERIC (European Research Infrastructure Consortium), SOCIB has contributed to the program in the Western Mediterranean Sea since 2011. Each year, SOCIB deploys three floats to maintain a set of five floats, distributed across the sea with an average spacing of 2 degrees. This ensures continuous observation capability. This dataset compiles SOCIB's contribution to Euro-Argo ERIC since January 2011.

CTD collection

The data set consists of real-time continuous coastal ocean surface current maps in the Ibiza Channel (Western Mediterranean) averaged over a time interval of 1 hour around the cardinal hour, measured by the coastal High-Frequency Radars installed. Surface ocean velocities estimated by HF Radar are representative of the upper 0.9 meters of the ocean for a central frequency of 13.5 MHz. acknowledgement=Ministerio de ciencia e innovacion (http://www.ciencia.gob.es/portal/site/MICINN/). Govern de les Illes Balears (http://www.caib.es/). The network has been designed, implemented and managed through the efforts of SOCIB. The collection of this datasets was partially supported by the Jerico Next (H2020) and CMEMS-SE and INCREASE projects. area=Ibiza Channel calibration_link=FORM: ereyes@socib.es, GALF: ereyes@socib.es calibration_type=FORM: APM, GALF: APM cdm_data_type=Grid citation=These data were collected and made freely available by the EuroGOOS European HFR Node. These data are collected and processed by SOCIB (Balearic Island Coastal and Observing Forecasting System) with the support of different projects: Jerico-Next, INCREASE, CMEMS-INSTAC phase II and IBISAR comment=HFR is nowadays the unique land-based remote sensing technology providing continuous maps of near-real surface currents (0.9m) over wide areas (out of about 85 km from near shore) whit high-spatial (3 km) and temporal resolution (hourly). Two or mode HFR sites are needed for computing the map of total surface current vectors in the overlapping coverage area. Total velocities are derived using least square fit that maps radial velocities measured from individual sites onto a cartesian grid. The final product is a map of the horizontal components of the ocean currents on a regular grid in the area of overlap of two or more radar stations. contributor_email=glopez@socib.es;ereyes@socib.es contributor_name=Guiomar Lopez;Emma Reyes contributor_role=HFR expert; HFR expert Conventions=CF-1.11, EuroGOOS European HFR Node, COARDS, ACDD-1.3 data_assembly_center=European HFR Node data_character_set=utf8 data_language=eng data_mode=R data_type=HF radar total current data distribution_statement=These data are public and free of charge. User assumes all risk for use of data. User must display citation in any publication or product using data. User must contact PI prior to any commercial use of data. doa_estimation_method=FORM: Direction Finding, GALF: Direction Finding Easternmost_Easting=1.400685 format_version=v3 geospatial_lat_max=39.1067 geospatial_lat_min=38.32299 geospatial_lat_resolution=0.027024482758620662 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=1.400685 geospatial_lon_min=0.5038552 geospatial_lon_resolution=0.03449345384615385 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Data collected at 2026-06-16T14:00:00Z. netCDF file created at 2026-06-16T14:54:17Z by the European HFR Node. id=HFR-Ibiza-Total_2026-06-16T14:00:00Z infoUrl=https://www.hfrnode.eu/ institution=SOCIB - Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and forecasting System institution_edmo_code=3410 institution_references=https://www.socib.es/, https://www.socib.es keywords_vocabulary=GCMD Science Keywords last_calibration_date=FORM: 2020-03-03T00:00:00Z, GALF: 2017-01-26T00:00:00Z manufacturer=FORM: CODAR SeaSonde, GALF: CODAR SeaSonde metadata_character_set=utf8 metadata_contact=lorenzo.corgnati@sp.ismar.cnr.it metadata_date_stamp=2026-06-16T14:54:17Z metadata_language=eng naming_authority=eu.hfrnode netcdf_format=NETCDF4_CLASSIC netcdf_version=4.9.3 network=HFR_Ibiza Northernmost_Northing=39.1067 platform_code=HFR-Ibiza-Total processing_level=3B project=Jerico-Next; INCREASE; CMEMS-INSTAC phase2 qc_manual=Recommendation Report 2 on improved common procedures for HFR QC analysis: https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-944 reference_system=EPSG:4326 references=Recommendation Report 2 on improved common procedures for HFR QC analysis: https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-944 sensor_model=FORM: CODAR SeaSonde, GALF: CODAR SeaSonde site_code=HFR-Ibiza software_name=EU_HFR_NODE_NRTprocessor software_version=v3 source=coastal structure source_platform_category_code=17 sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=38.32299 standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v70 testOutOfDate=now-1day time_coverage_duration=PT1H time_coverage_end=2026-06-16T14:00:00Z time_coverage_resolution=PT1H time_coverage_start=2018-12-01T00:00:00Z topic_category=oceans update_interval=void Westernmost_Easting=0.5038552

Lagrangian experiment in the Ibiza channel during Summer 2016, aiming to validate HF-Radar surface currents (new Antenna Pattern Measurement)

Lagrangian experiment in the Ibiza channel during Autumn 2018, aiming to use the novel CARTHE GPS drifters (low-cost, compact, practical, eco-friendly and able too track currents centered 40 cm below the surface) to validate HF-Radar (new Antenna Pattern Measurement) and WMOP surface velocities, capture all representative spatio-temporal scales of surface circulation, study dispersion of surface particles, perform HFR data assimilation experiment with WMOP.

This dataset contains all data used in the article: Observational characterization of atmospheric disturbances generating meteotsunamis in the Balearic Islands Joan Villalonga*(1,2), Sebastià Monserrat (1), Damià Gomis (1,3), Gabriel Jordà*(2) (1) Departament de Física (UIB), Palma, Spain. (2) Centre Oceanogràfic de Balears, CN-Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Palma, Spain. (3) Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (UIB-CSIC), Esporles, Spain. Corresponding email: joan.villalonga@uib.cat There are 7 data files: Atm_pres_all: containing the atmospheric pressure time series measured in the different meteorological stations used in the work. Each station contain its name and position in coordinates. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been obtained from BalearsMeteo (http://balearsmeteo.com/) and from SOCIB (https://www.socib.es/). ciutadella_SL_AtmPres: containing the sea level and atmospheric pressure records in Ciutadella from 2018 to 2021. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been provided by PortIB (https://www.portsib.es/ca/paginas/inici). ciutadella_SL_long: containing the sea level records in Ciutadella from 2014 to 2021. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been provided by PortIB (https://www.portsib.es/ca/paginas/inici). ciutadella_spectral_data: containing the sea level and atmospheric pressure power wavelet spectra in Ciutadella from 2018 to 2021. Computed from the data in ciutadella_SL_AtmPres. corr_rissagues_1min_allfreq_12h: containing the maximum lagged correlation matrices between the atmospheric pressure time series measured at the 12h surrounding each meteotsunami event in 2021. They have been computed from the data in Atm_pres_all. sepic_index_vars: containing the five ERA5 1-hour time series of the variables used to compute the meteotsunami index as described in Sepic, et al,. 2016. wind_ciutadella: containing the time series of the wind speed and direction provided by ERA5 reanalysis over Ciutadella during the period of study. For more details, please consult the manuscript of the article

A coastal sea level reconstruction based on tide gauge observations is developed and applied to the western basin of the Mediterranean sea, including sea level anomaly (SLA) and interpolation error along the entire coastline. The reconstructions are carried out in four frequency bands: periods longer than 10 years, periods between 1 and 10 years, periods between 1 month and 1 year, and periods between 1day and 1month. Total sea level at monthly and daily resolution, obtained by merging the different frequency bands, is also provided. The reconstructions are based on an optimal interpolation method in which the correlation between tide gauge data and all coastal points has been determined from the outputs of the numerical model managed by the Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB, https://www.socib.es). The reconstructions for frequencies lower than 1 month use monthly observations from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL, https://www.psmsl.org/) database and cover the period from 1884 to 2019. For the reconstruction of higher frequencies, hourly observations from the Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis (GESLA–2, https://www.gesla.org/) dataset are used, and cover from 1980 to 2015.

The data set consists of maps of radial velocity of the sea water surface current collected at Puig de Galfi (GALF) site in the Ibiza Channel (Mediterranean Sea). Data are averaged over a time interval of 1 hour around the cardinal hour. High Frequency (HF)-RADAR measurements of ocean velocity are radial in direction relative to the radar location and representative of the upper 0.3-2.5 meters of the ocean. acknowledgement=Ministerio de ciencia e innovacion (http://www.ciencia.gob.es/portal/site/MICINN/). Govern de les Illes Balears (http://www.caib.es/). The network has been designed, implemented and managed through the efforts of SOCIB. The collection of this datasets was partially supported by the Jerico Next (H2020) and CMEMS-SE and INCREASE projects. area=Ibiza Channel calibration_link=ereyes@socib.es calibration_type=APM cdm_data_type=Grid citation=These data were collected and made freely available by the EuroGOOS European HFR Node. These data are collected and processed by SOCIB (Balearic Island Coastal and Observing Forecasting System) with the support of different projects: Jerico-Next, INCREASE, CMEMS-INSTAC phase II and IBISAR comment=HFR is nowadays the unique land-based remote sensing technology providing continuous maps of near-real surface currents (0.9m) over wide areas (out of about 85 km from near shore) whit high-spatial (3 km) and temporal resolution (hourly). Two or mode HFR sites are needed for computing the map of total surface current vectors in the overlapping coverage area. Total velocities are derived using least square fit that maps radial velocities measured from individual sites onto a cartesian grid. The final product is a map of the horizontal components of the ocean currents on a regular grid in the area of overlap of two or more radar stations. contributor_email=glopez@socib.es;ereyes@socib.es contributor_name=Guiomar Lopez;Emma Reyes contributor_role=HFR expert; HFR expert Conventions=CF-1.11, EuroGOOS European HFR Node, COARDS, ACDD-1.3 data_assembly_center=European HFR Node data_character_set=utf8 data_language=eng data_mode=R data_type=HF radar radial current data distribution_statement=These data are public and free of charge. User assumes all risk for use of data. User must display citation in any publication or product using data. User must contact PI prior to any commercial use of data. doa_estimation_method=Direction Finding format_version=v3 history=Data measured at 2026-06-30T13:00:00Z. netCDF file created at 2026-06-30T13:52:26Z by the European HFR Node. id=HFR-Ibiza-GALF_2026-06-30T13:00:00Z infoUrl=https://www.hfrnode.eu/ institution=SOCIB - Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and forecasting System institution_edmo_code=3410 institution_references=https://www.socib.es keywords_vocabulary=GCMD Science Keywords last_calibration_date=2017-01-26T00:00:00Z manufacturer=CODAR SeaSonde metadata_character_set=utf8 metadata_contact=lorenzo.corgnati@sp.ismar.cnr.it metadata_date_stamp=2026-06-30T13:52:26Z metadata_language=eng naming_authority=eu.hfrnode netcdf_format=NETCDF4_CLASSIC netcdf_version=4.9.3 network=HFR_Ibiza oceanops_ref=6103618 platform_code=HFR-Ibiza-GALF processing_level=2B project=Jerico-Next; INCREASE; CMEMS-INSTAC phase2 qc_manual=Recommendation Report 2 on improved common procedures for HFR QC analysis: https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-944 reference_system=EPSG:4326 references=Recommendation Report 2 on improved common procedures for HFR QC analysis: https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-944 sensor_model=CODAR SeaSonde site_code=HFR-Ibiza software_name=EU_HFR_NODE_NRTprocessor software_version=v3 source=coastal structure source_platform_category_code=17 sourceUrl=(local files) standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v70 testOutOfDate=now-1day time_coverage_duration=PT1H time_coverage_end=2026-06-30T13:00:00Z time_coverage_resolution=PT1H time_coverage_start=2018-12-01T00:00:00Z topic_category=oceans update_interval=void wigos_id=0-22000-0-6103618 wmo_platform_code=6103618

Training dataset BWILD is a dataset tailored to train Artificial Intelligence applications to automate beach seagrass wrack detection in RGB images. It includes oblique RGB images captured by SIRENA beach video-monitoring systems, along with corresponding annotations, auxiliary data and a README file. BWILD encompasses data from two microtidal sandy beaches in the Balearic Islands, Spain. The dataset consists of images with varying fields of view (9 cameras), beach wrack abundance, degrees of occupation, and diverse meteoceanic and lighting conditions. The annotations categorise image pixels into five classes: i) Landwards, ii) Seawards, iii) Diffuse wrack, iv) Intermediate wrack, and v) Dense wrack. Technical details The BWILD version 1.1.0 is packaged in a compressed file (BWILD_v1.1.0.zip). A total of 3286 RGB images are shared in PNG format, corresponding annotations and masks in various formats (PNG, XML, JSON,TXT), and the README file in PDF format. Data preprocessing The BWILD dataset utilizes snapshot images from two SIRENA beach video-monitoring systems. To facilitate annotation while maintaining a diverse range of scenarios, the original 1280x960 pixel images were cropped to smaller regions, with a uniform resolution of 640x480 pixels. A subset of images was carefully curated to minimize annotation workload while ensuring representation of various time periods, distances to camera, and environmental conditions. Image selection involved filtering for quality, clustering for diversity, and prioritizing scenes containing beach seagrass wracks. Further details are available in the README file. Data splitting Data splitting requirements may vary depending on the chosen Artificial Intelligence approach (e.g., splitting by entire images or by image patches). Researchers should use a consistent method and document the approach and splits used in publications, enabling reproducible results and facilitating comparisons between studies. Classes, labels and annotations The BWILD dataset has been labelled manually using the 'Computer Vision Annotation Tool' (CVAT), categorising pixels into five labels of interest using polygon annotations. Label Description landwards Pixels that are towards the landside with respect to the shoreline seawards Pixels that are towards the seaside with respect to the shoreline diffuse wrack Pixels that potentially resembled beach wracks based on colour and shape, yet the annotator could not confirm this with certainty, were denoted as ‘diffuse wrack’ Intermediate wrack Pixels with low-density beach wracks or mixed beach wracks and sand surfaces Dense wrack Pixels with high-density beach wracks Annotations were exported from CVAT in four different formats: (i) CVAT for images (XML); (ii) Segmentation Mask 1.0 (PNG); (iii) COCO (JSON); (iv) Ultralytics YOLO Segmentation 1.0 (TXT). These diverse annotation formats can be used for various applications including object detection and segmentation, and simplify the interaction with the dataset, making it more user-friendly. Further details are available in the README file. Parameters RGB values or any transformation in the colour space can be used as parameters. Data sources A SIRENA system consists of a set of RGB cameras mounted at the top of buildings on the beachfront. These cameras take oblique pictures of the beach, with overlapping sights, at 7.5 FPS during the first 10 minutes of each hour in daylight hours. From these pictures, different products are generated, including snapshots, which correspond to the frame of the video at the 5th minute. In the Balearic Islands, SIRENA stations are managed by the Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB), and are mounted at the top of hotels located in front of the coastline. The present dataset includes snapshots from the SIRENA systems operating since 2011 at Cala Millor (5 cameras) and Son Bou (4 cameras) beaches, located in Mallorca and Menorca islands (Balearic Islands, Spain), respectively. All latest and historical SIRENA images are available at the Beamon app viewer (https://apps.socib.es/beamon). Data quality All images included in BWILD have been supervised by the authors of the dataset. However, variable presence of beach segrass wracks across different beach segments and seasons impose a variable distribution of images across different SIRENA stations and cameras. Users of BWILD dataset must be aware of this variance. Further details are available in the README file. Image resolution The resolution of the images in BWILD is of 640x480 pixels. Spatial coverage The BWILD version 1.1.0 contains data from two SIRENA beach video-monitoring stations, encompassing two microtidal sandy beaches in the Balearic Islands, Spain. These are: Cala Millor (clm) and Son Bou (snb). SIRENA station Longitude Latitude clm 3.383 39.596 snb 4.077 39.898 Contact information For further technical inquiries or additional information about the annotated dataset, please contact jsoriano@socib.es.

The BWILD dataset is a product of the "Beach Monitoring Use Case" within the "iMagine project" with funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme. The authors express their gratitude to the project managers and all partners involved for fostering the creation of open-access image repositories for AI-based image analysis services.

Description of attributes for sediment mass budget at the coast for the last 10, 50 and 100 years for the Mediterranean basin and for each NUTS3 region along the coast.

Sea surface temperature datasets distributed by the Copernicus Marine Service and produced in the framework of the FOCCUS project are processed for their ingestion in the SOCIB digital application for marine heatwave (https://apps.socib.es/subregmed-marine-heatwaves/; Juza and Tintoré, 2021). In particular, this monitoring and visualization tool provides the detection of marine heatwaves in real-time and their short-term prediction at local and subregional scales in the Mediterranean Sea. The methodology and digital tool are described in Juza et al. (2022). In this figure, the products used are: Copernicus Marine Service near real-time satellite SST in 2024 (SST_MED_SST_L4_NRT_OBSERVATIONS_010_004) Copernicus Marine Service reprocessed satellite SST over 1982-2021 (SST_MED_SST_L4_REP_OBSERVATIONS_010_021) Copernicus Marine Service analysis and forecast SST in 2024 (MEDSEA_ANALYSISFORECAST_PHY_006_013) SOCIB analysis and forecast SST in 2024 (WMOP)