Town of Clover, SC zoning layer and overlay

The Cumberland County GIS Data Viewer provides the general public with parcel, zoning, hydrology, soils, utilities and topographic data. You can search for a specific address, street name, parcel number (PIN), or by the owner's name.

Map data for the original land grants in the present Enoree District of the Sumter National Forest, with dates and names of grantees. This data set consists of a GIS shapefile mosaic of the original survey plats for land grants from the king of England and the state of South Carolina for the years 1749-1851 for the Enoree District of the Sumter National Forest.

Dataset DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR37078.v1

This dataset contains chlorophyll and true-color maps of intertidal sediment collected from Winyah Bay, South Carolina, USA (33.35°N, 79.19°W) and measured in sediment containers. The maps were derived from hyperspectral images of the sediment surface while immersed in an aquarium with continuous input of fresh seawater. Measurements were conducted in April 2011 in an outdoor laboratory with shaded natural illumination. […]

This dataset contains chlorophyll and true-color maps of intertidal sediment collected from Winyah Bay, South Carolina, USA (33.35°N, 79.19°W) and measured in sediment containers. The maps were derived from hyperspectral images of the sediment surface while immersed in an aquarium with continuous input of fresh seawater. Measurements were conducted in April 2011 in an outdoor laboratory with shaded natural illumination.The provided file is in HDF5 format, and metadata is stored for each measurement (http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/). Additionally, a visualization of the spatio-temporal dynamics of surficial chlorophyll is provided as an animated GIF file (see further details).The true-color maps ("rgb-reffed") are obtained by combining three spectral channels for red, green and blue synthesis.The chlorophyll maps ("mpbi") are reported in Microphytobenthic Index units, as described in Chennu et al. 2013, doi:10.4319/lom.2013.11.511. The size of each pixel is approximately 0.5 mm.The dataset contains 6 sediment containers (B,E,F,G,H,I) measured at 39 different timepoints over four days. The containers G,H,I had no hydrodynamic treatment, whereas the containers B, E and F had a lugworm-mimic system.

The overall goal of the project was to systematically gather and quantify seafloor mapping data needs within the Southeast US study region (estuary to Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia). The results identify locations where stakeholder interests overlap with other organizations, leading to improved coordination of data needs, and leveraging collective resources to meet these shared goals. Already, priority areas identified by this study are being used by NOAA to focus planned fiscal year 2021 seafloor mapping missions. The web mapping application incorporating these results can be found here: https://noaa.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=04cdd2a68c4f427f893f2042f326dc80Spatial information on the arrangement of geological features, habitats and living marine resources on the seabed are often the foundation for decision-making in ecosystem management and ocean planning. Collecting information on the seabed depths and geomorphology is an expensive operation requiring airborne platforms like satellites, planes or drones, or small vessels to large research ships. Coordinating these data needs and data collection efforts will better leverage collective resources and meet shared goals. To help enable this coordination, in 2020 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) developed a spatial framework, process, and online application to identify common data collection priorities for seafloor mapping, sampling, and visual surveys along shore and offshore of the Southeast United States (North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia).Twenty-five representatives from federal and state agencies, academic institutions, and non-governmental conservation groups, designated seafloor mapping priorities using an online prioritization tool. Participants allocated virtual coins across 5x5 km grid cells to denote their organization’s regions of seafloor mapping needs. Grid cells with more coins were higher priorities than cells with fewer coins. Participants also reported why these locations were important and what data types were needed. Results were analyzed and mapped using statistical techniques to identify significant relationships between priorities, reasons for those priorities and data needs. Several common areas of interest were identified in the spatially explicit analysis of the responses. Nearshore surfzone along Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina were highlighted by several agencies and organizations interested in sediment and sand resources as well as potential for rocky reef habitats. Inshore estuarine areas were highlighted by state agencies and conservation groups interested in monitoring change in managed areas like National Estuarine Reserves. On the outer continental shelf, areas near Blake Plateau off South Carolina and the continental shelf break off North Carolina were identified by federal agencies and conservation organizations as areas of sensitive habitats or historically significantly shipwrecks and maritime resources.The seafloor mapping prioritization approach described in the Buckel et al. (2021) report associated with these data provides recommendations to organizations charged with mapping the seabed for navigation and commerce as well as resource assessments and management. Already, the priority areas identified in this exercise are being used by NOAA to focus planned seafloor mapping missions. Furthermore, the outcomes from this regional exercise contribute into a National Mapping Prioritization under the lead of NOAA to coordinate mapping activities across the entire US EEZ. Together, these quantitative seafloor mapping prioritization approaches will enable improved coordination and more efficient allocation of resources needed to conduct seafloor mapping providing data to support environmental stewardship, safe navigation and commerce.

The geodatabase for the Charlotte 1 degree × 2 degrees quadrangle by Goldsmith and others (1988) was compiled in the Geologic Map Schema (GeMS). The geologic map extends across four lithotectonic belts of the Piedmont from the Coastal Plain and Wadesboro Triassic basin on the east to the Blue Ridge belt in the vicinity of the Grandfather Mountain window on the west. The Wadesboro Triassic basin contains arkosic sandstone, siltstone and conglomerate unconformably overlain by small inliers of late Cretaceous Coastal Plain sediment of the Middendorf Formation (?). The Blue Ridge, Inner Piedmont, Kings Mountain, Charlotte, and Carolina Slate belts consist of different Mesoproterozoic to Late Paleozoic metamorphosed and deformed stratified, and meta-igneous and igneous rocks. The belts of rocks are foliated and folded. Regional structures within the map include the Grandfather Mountain window, Brevard fault zone, Kings Mountain shear zone, Eufola fault zone, and Gold Hill and Silver Hill shear zones. These rocks and structures are cut by Triassic to Jurassic diabase dikes. Surficial deposits were not compiled in the database.

Vegetation field plots at Congaree Swamp National Monument were visited, described, and documented in a digital database. The database consists of 2 parts - (1) Physical Descriptive Data, and (2) Species Listings.

The vegetation plots were used to describe the vegetation in and around Congaree Swamp National Monument and to assist in developing a final mapping classification system.

On June 30, 1983, Congaree Swamp National Monument became an International Biosphere Reserve. Congaree is noted for containing one of the last significant stands of old growth bottomland hardwood forest, over 11,000 acres in all. The Monument contains over 90 species of trees, 16 of which hold state records for size. Included in this list of records is a national record sweet gum with a basal circumference of nearly 20 feet.

Congaree Swamp National Monument is located approximately 15 miles southeast of Columbia, the state capitol of South Carolina. Old Bluff Highway (old Highway 48) lies just north of the Monument boundary. The eastern boundary is located just northwest of the confluence of the Congaree and Wateree Rivers. The Monument extends west to where Cedar Creek and Myers Creek join.

The methods used for the sampling and analysis of vegetation data and the development of the classification generally followed the standards Doutline in the Field Methods for Vegetation Mapping document "http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/fieldmethods/index.html" produced for the USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping project. This process began with the development of a provisional list of twenty-five vegetation types from teh International Classification of Ecological Communities (ICEC) that were thought to have a high likelihood of being in the park based on an initial field visit on 13-14 June, 1996.

One hundred twenty-eight plots were sampled by two two-person field teams in July, August, and September of 1996. In a devation from the methodology outlined in the Field Methods document, initial sample points were selected in order to have plots in each of the aerial photograph signature types. The gradsect approach was rejected because there appeared to be no potential for stratifying sampling of the park based on slope, aspect, elevation, soil or other natural features due to a lack of available information. Furthermore, because of isolation from roads and trails of many portions of the park, it was deemed not feasible to use a transect to establish plot locations. After sampling, plots were tentatively assigned to the ICEC at the alliance level and our goal was to have at least five plots in each of the twenty-five provisional vegetation types. TIme limitations precluded the ability of the field teams to install ten plots in each of the expected vegetation types as recommended in the Field Methods document.

The information for the metadata came from "http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/cosw/metacoswfield.html"

The National Park Service (NPS), in conjunction with the Biological Resources Division (BRD) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), has implemented a program to "develop a uniform hierarchical vegetation methodology" at a national level. The program will also create a geographic information system (GIS) database for the parks under its management. The purpose of the data is to document the state of vegetation within the NPS service area during the 1990's, thereby providing a baseline study for further analysis at the Regional or Service-wide level. The vegetation units of this map were determined through stereoscopic interpretation of aerial photographs supported by field sampling and ecological analysis. The vegetation boundaries were identified on the photographs by means of the photographic signatures and collateral information on slope, hydrology, geography, and vegetation in accordance with the Standardized National Vegetation Classification System (October 1995). The mapped vegetation reflects conditions that existed during the specific year and season that the aerial photographs were taken (April, 1996). There is an inherent margin of error in the use of aerial photography for vegetation delineation and classification.

 The purpose of this spatial data is to provide the National Park Service the
 necessary tools to manage the natural resources within this park system.
 Several parks, representing different regions, environmental conditions, and
 vegetation types, were chosen by BRD to be part of the prototype phase of the
 program. The initial goal of the prototype phase is to "develop, test, refine,
 and finalize the standards and protocols" to be used during the production
 phase of the project. This includes the development of a standardized
 vegetation classification system for each park and the establishment of
 photointerpretation, field, and accuracy assessment procedures. Congaree Swamp
 National Monument was designated as one of the prototype parks. Congaree Swamp
 National Monument, established in 1976, was designated as one of the prototypes
 within the National Park System. The park contains approximately 22,200 acres
 (34 square miles). Congaree Swamp National Monument is located approximately 15
 miles southeast of Columbia, the state capitol of South Carolina. The Congaree
 River, draining over 8,000 square miles of Piedmont land to the northwest,
 forms the southern border.

 On June 30, 1983, Congaree Swamp National Monument became an International
 Biosphere Reserve. Congaree is noted for containing one of the last significant
 stands of old growth bottomland hardwood forest, over 11,000 acres in all. The
 Monument contains over 90 species of trees, 16 of which hold state records for
 size. Included in this list of records is a national record sweet gum with a
 basal circumference of nearly 20 feet.

 Congaree Swamp National Monument is located approximately 15 miles southeast of
 Columbia, the state capitol of South Carolina. Old Bluff Highway (old Highway
 48) lies just north of the Monument boundary. The eastern boundary is located
 just northwest of the confluence of the Congaree and Wateree Rivers. The
 Monument extends west to where Cedar Creek and Myers Creek join.

 The normal process in vegetation mapping is to conduct an initial field
 reconnaissance, map the vegetation units through photointerpretation, and then
 conduct a field verification. The field reconnaissance visit serves two major
 functions. First, the photointerpreter keys the signature on the aerial photos
 to the vegetation on the ground at each signature site. Second, the
 photointerpreter becomes familiar with the flora, vegetation communities and
 local ecology that occur in the study area. Park and/or TNC field biologists
 that are familiar with the local vegetation and ecology of the park are present
 to help the photointerpreter understand these elements and their relationship
 with the geography of the park. Upon completion of the field reconnaissance,
 photo interpreters delineate vegetation units on mylar that overlay the 9x9
 aerial photos. This effort is conducted in accordance with the TNC vegetation
 classification and criteria for defining each community or alliance. The
 initial mapping is then followed by a field verification session, whose purpose
 is to verify that the vegetation units were mapped correctly. Any PI related
 questions are also addressed during the visit. The vegetation mapping at
 Congaree Swamp National Monument in general followed the normal mapping
 procedure as described in the above paragraph with two major exceptions: 1)
 Preliminary delineations for most of the park, including a set of Focused
 Transect overlays that were labeled with an initial PI signature commenced
 prior to the field reconnaissance visit. 2) A TNC classification did not exist
 at the time the initial delineations began. TNC ecologist and AIS photo
 interpreters worked together to develop an interim signature key which
 addressed what was known at the time. At that time, no comprehensive study
 containing plot data was available to create an interim classification.

 From the onset of the Vegetation Inventory and Mapping Program, a standardized
 program-wide mapping criteria has been used. The mapping criteria contains a
 set of documented working decision rules used to facilitate the maintenance of
 accuracy and consistency of the photointerpretation. This criteria assists the
 user in understanding the characteristics, definition and context for each
 vegetation community. The mapping criteria for Congaree Swamp National Monument
 was composed of four parts: The standardized program-wide general mapping
 criteria A park specific mapping criteria A working photo signature key The TNC
 classification, key and descriptions The following sections detail the mapping
 criteria used during the photointerpretation of Congaree Swamp. General Mapping
 Criteria The mapping criteria at Congaree Swamp are a modified version from
 previously mapped parks. The criteria differs primarily in that the height and
 density variables were not mapped at Congaree Swamp. Instead, two additional
 variables were addressed: pre-hurricane Hugo community types and areas of pine
 that have been logged since the time of the 1976 aerial photography. These two
 categories will be addressed in the Park Specific Mapping Criteria section of
 this report. Since forest densities within the Monument are nearly always
 greater than 60%, it served little or no purpose in addressing this element as
 a separate attribute in the database. In addition it was also determined that
 height categories are extremely difficult to map in the Monument due to
 variability of the tree emergent layer, and lack of any significant reference
 points that help in determining canopy heights. Alliance / Community
 Associations The assignment of alliance and community association to the
 vegetation is based on criteria formulated by the field effort and
 classification development. In the case of Congaree Swamp National Monument,
 TNC provided AIS with a tentative community classification in April 1998. A
 final vegetation classification, key, and descriptions of each alliance and
 community, was provided in October 1998. In addition, TNC provided AIS with
 detailed plot data showing how the communities were developed in the Monument.

 The information for the metadata came from
 "http://biology.usgs.gov/npsveg/cosw/metacoswspatial.html" and was converted to
 the NASA Directory Interchange Format.

To delineate the year-round active portion of the Northern Long-Eared Bat and Tricolored Bat ranges, we compared winter bat activity data (e.g., captures, acoustic detections, culvert use) and the number of frost-free days and determined that Northern Long-Eared Bat and Tricolored Bat are active year-round in areas where the number of frost-free days is ≥ 200 days. Consequently, we determined Northern Long-Eared Bat and Tricolored Bat are active year-round in all or portions of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia (Year-Round Active Zones 1 and 2, Appendix 1). Furthermore, based on a review of winter bat activity data, when temperatures fell below 40 degrees Fahrenheit, Northern Long-Eared Bat and Tricolored Bat were less likely to be detected in mist-net and acoustic surveys. We assume during these colder periods, NLEB and TCB are likely entering a state of prolonged torpor and, consequently, Northern Long-Eared Bat and/or Tricolored Bat roosting in trees may not rouse in sufficient time to flush from tree roosts during tree removal activities. Based on a review of climate data from the last 30 years from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Climate Normals54, mean temperatures fell below 40 degrees Fahrenheit between December 15 and February 15 within Year-Round Active Zone 1 (Appendix 1). Therefore, to avoid harm to Northern Long-Eared Bat and Tricolored Bat during the timeframe when mean winter temperatures fall below 40 degrees Fahrenheit and bats roosting in trees are in torpor, suitable roost tree removal should be avoided between December 15 and February 15 within Year-Round Active Zone 1. Although we recognize winter temperatures can occasionally drop below 40 degrees Fahrenheit in Year-Round Active Zone 2, we anticipate these periods would be short in duration.For a full explanation of the zones please review the consulation guidance here: https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2024-10/nleb_tcb_consultation_guidance_version-1.0_final_0.pdf

This story map serves as an educational tool for learning about North Carolina's Catawba River Basin. Information is taken from the Catawba River Basin brochure, published by the NC Office of Environmental Education. These print brochures are available at no cost through the office's website at http://www.eenorthcarolina.org/riverbasins.htmlFor technical information about North Carolina's river basins, contact NC DEQ's Basin Planning Branch at https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/planning/basin-planning