With a Gross Domestic Product of over 4.18 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2023. The similar-sized economies of the United Kingdom and France were the second and third largest economies in Europe during this year, followed by Italy and Spain. The smallest economy in this statistic is that of the small Balkan nation of Montenegro, which had a GDP of 5.7 billion Euros. In this year, the combined GDP of the 27 member states that compose the European Union amounted to approximately 17.1 trillion Euros. The big five Germany’s economy has consistently had the largest economy in Europe since 1980, even before the reunification of West and East Germany. The United Kingdom, by contrast, has had mixed fortunes during the same time period and had a smaller economy than Italy in the late 1980s. The UK also suffered more than the other major economies during the recession of the late 2000s, meaning the French economy was the second largest on the continent for some time afterward. The Spanish economy was continually the fifth-largest in Europe in this 38-year period, and from 2004 onwards, has been worth more than one trillion Euros. The smallest GDP, the highest economic growth in Europe Despite having the smallerst GDP of Europe, Montenegro emerged as the fastest growing economy in the continent, achieving an impressive annual growth rate of 4.5 percent, surpassing Turkey's growth rate of 4 percent. Overall,this Balkan nation has shown a remarkable economic recovery since the 2010 financial crisis, with its GDP projected to grow by 28.71 percent between 2024 and 2029. Contributing to this positive trend are successful tourism seasons in recent years, along with increased private consumption and rising imports. Europe's economic stagnation Malta, Albania, Iceland, and Croatia were among the countries reporting some of the highest growth rates this year. However, Europe's overall performance reflected a general slowdown in growth compared to the trend seen in 2021, during the post-pandemic recovery. Estonia experienced the sharpest negative growth in 2023, with its economy shrinking by 2.3% compared to 2022, primarily due to the negative impact of sanctions placed on its large neighbor, Russia. Other nations, including Sweden, Germany, and Finland, also recorded slight negative growth.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The statistic shows the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in Switzerland from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. GDP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year. It is considered to be a very important indicator of the economic strength of a country and a change in it is a sign of economic growth. In 2024, the GDP in Switzerland grew by about 1.27 percent compared to the previous year. Switzerland's economy Switzerland holds one of the steadiest and secure economies in the world, enticing international investors as well as the world’s richest to deposit their money within the country. Switzerland’s relatively low population is highly educated and specialized in the workforce, something that essentially leads to a prosperous economy. In addition to its workforce earning some of the highest salaries in the world, Switzerland maintained one of the lowest unemployment rates in the Europe, despite being affected by the 2008 financial crisis. With higher wages and specialized jobs, economic growth as well as production within the country continued to grow, a fact most evident through values of GDP. As a result, Switzerland’s gross domestic product per capita was ranked among one of the highest in the world. However, economic growth did not occur too rapidly and wages were set at a reasonable controllable amount, which allowed Switzerland to maintain a low inflation rate.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and five are in Asia, alongside the U.S. and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

In the build up to the Second World War, the United States was the major power with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the world. In 1938, the United States also had the highest overall GDP in the world, and by a significant margin, however differences in GDP per person were much smaller. Switzerland In terms of countries that played a notable economic role in the war, the neutral country of Switzerland had the highest GDP per capita in the world. A large part of this was due to the strength of Switzerland's financial system. Most major currencies abandoned the gold standard early in the Great Depression, however the Swiss Franc remained tied to it until late 1936. This meant that it was the most stable, freely convertible currency available as the world recovered from the Depression, and other major powers of the time sold large amounts of gold to Swiss banks in order to trade internationally. Switzerland was eventually surrounded on all sides by Axis territories and lived under the constant threat of invasion in the war's early years, however Swiss strategic military planning and economic leverage made an invasion potentially more expensive than it was worth. Switzerland maintained its neutrality throughout the war, trading with both sides, although its financial involvement in the Holocaust remains a point of controversy. Why look at GDP per capita? While overall GDP is a stronger indicator of a state's ability to fund its war effort, GDP per capita is more useful in giving context to a country's economic power in relation to its size and providing an insight into living standards and wealth distribution across societies. For example, Germany and the USSR had fairly similar GDPs in 1938, whereas Germany's per capita GDP was more than double that of the Soviet Union. Germany was much more industrialized and technologically advanced than the USSR, and its citizens generally had a greater quality of life. However these factors did not guarantee victory - the fact that the Soviet Union could better withstand the war of attrition and call upon its larger population to replenish its forces greatly contributed to its eventual victory over Germany in 1945.

Germany’s GDP per capita stood at almost 54,989.76 U.S. dollars in 2024. Germany ranked among the top 20 countries worldwide with the highest GDP per capita in 2021 – Luxembourg, Ireland and Switzerland were ranked the top three nations. Rising annual income in Germany The average annual wage in Germany has increased by around 5,000 euros since 2000, reaching in excess of 39,000 euros in 2016. Germany had the tenth-highest average annual wage among selected European Union countries in 2017, ranking between France and the United Kingdom. Growing employment More than two thirds of the working population in Germany are employed in the service sector, which generated the greatest share of the country’s GDP in 2018. Unemployment in Germany soared to its highest level in decades in 2005, but the rate has since dropped to below 3.5 percent. The youth unemployment rate in Germany has more than halved since 2005 and currently stands around 6.5 percent.

This dataset provides values for INFLATION RATE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 113.932 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 199.2 index points and the lowest value was in Belarus: 59.01 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2022, Hong Kong ranked highest in international trade freedom with a score of 8.58 out of 10. Singapore followed closely with 8.55, while Switzerland, scoring 8.39, was the top-ranked country in Europe.

Objective: The European Survey of Enterprises on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER) asks establishments about the way they manage occupational safety and health (OSH) in practice, with a particular focus on psychosocial risks, i.e. work-related stress, violence and harassment.

Method: ESENER-1 was conducted in spring 2009 in establishments with ten or more employees from both private and public organisations across all sectors of economic activity except for agriculture, forestry and fishing (NACE A), private households (NACE T) and extraterritorial organisations (NACE U). In total, nearly 29,000 establishments were interviewed across 31 European countries— all EU Member States plus Norway, Switzerland and Turkey. In each establishment the highest-ranking manager responsible for OSH was interviewed. Additionally, an interview with the workers´ health and safety representative was carried out in those establishments where (1) a management interview had been completed; (2) a formally designated representative with specific responsibility for the safety and health of workers was appointed; and (3) permission for the interview had been granted by the management respondent. By country, the samples ranged from about 340 in Malta to 1,560 in Spain. Data were collected through computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). Fieldwork was carried out by TNS Deutschland GmbH and its network of fieldwork centres across Europe. Samples were drawn according to a disproportional sample design which was later redressed by weighting.

Questionnaire content: The questionnaire was developed by a team comprising experts in survey design and in OSH (particularly psychosocial risks), together with EU-OSHA staff and it explores in detail four areas of OSH: (1) the general approach in the establishment to managing OSH, (2) how the ‘emerging’ area of psychosocial risks is addressed, (3) the main drivers and barriers to the management of OSH and (4) how worker participation in OSH management is managed in practice.

A: Management Interview

1. Background information on the company: establishment is an independent company or organisation or one of several different establishments; headquarters or subsidiary site; number of employees (size of establishment); establishment belongs to the public sector; foundation of the establishment before 1990, between 1990 and 2005 or after 2005; proportion of female employees, of employees aged 50 and over and of employees of other nationalities in the company (open and categorized); comparison of the rate of absence due to illness compared with other companies in the sector; assessment of the economic situation of the company.

2. General health and safety management in this establishment: use of various health and safety services (e. g. occupational health doctor, etc.); routine analysis of the causes of sickness absence; measures to support the reintegration of employees after a long illness; health of employees is monitored through regular medical examinations; documented policy, established management system or action plan on health and safety at work; impact of this policy on health and safety at work; reasons why no documented policy, established management system or action plan exists in the company; frequency of health protection and safety issues at management level; rating of the degree of involvement of supervisors on the aforementioned topic; regular checks of workplaces as part of a risk assessment; carrying out of risk assessments by own employees or external service providers; opportunity to carry out such hazard assessments; routinely checked areas; measures taken as a result of the checks; reasons why there are no regular checks; review of health and safety and working conditions by the trade supervisory authority or the employers´ liability insurance association in the last 3 years; importance of selected reasons for addressing health and safety issues; difficulties in addressing health and safety issues; access to information on health and safety at work for selected bodies and institutions; knowledge of the European Week for Safety and Health at Work; importance of selected topics (e. g. health and safety in the workplace, hazardous substances, industrial accidents, etc.).

3. Management of psychosocial risks in the company: types of psychosocial risks in the workplace; existence of a procedure for dealing with work-related stress, mobbing and harassment and violence at the workplace; operational measures for dealing with psychosocial risks; intervention by the enterprise in the event of overtime or irregular working hours by individuals; informing employees about psychosocial risks and their impact on health and safety; informing employees about contact persons in the event of work-related psychosocial problems; reasons for the company to deal with psychosocial risks; assessing the effectiveness of workplace measures in dealing with psychosocial risks; and the role of...

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 94.67 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 225.24 index points and the lowest value was in Ukraine: 19.37 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2023 based on 40 countries was 8.5 percent. The highest value was in Turkey: 53.9 percent and the lowest value was in Switzerland: 2.1 percent. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2025 based on 43 countries was 3.67 percent. The highest value was in Turkey: 31.04 percent and the lowest value was in Switzerland: 0.24 percent. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2030. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In the 2023 edition of the globalization index, Switzerland had the highest index score at 90.75. Belgium followed behind, with the Netherlands in third. Overall, globalization declined in 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak, but increased somewhat in 2021, even though it was still below pre-pandemic levels.

About the index

The KOF Index of Globalization aims to measure the rate of globalization in countries around the world. Data used to construct the 2023 edition of the index was from 2021. The index is based on three dimensions, or core sets of indicators: economic, social, and political. Via these three dimensions, the overall index of globalization tries to assess current economic flows, economic restrictions, data on information flows, data on personal contact, and data on cultural proximity within surveyed countries.

Defining globalization

Globalization is defined for this index as the process of creating networks of connections among actors at multi-continental distances, mediated through a variety of flows including people, information and ideas, capital and goods. It is a process that erodes national boundaries, integrates national economies, cultures, technologies and governance and produces complex relations of mutual interdependence.

The average for 2020 based on 15 countries was 10.04 nurses per 1,000 people. The highest value was in Switzerland: 18.37 nurses per 1,000 people and the lowest value was in Latvia: 4.18 nurses per 1,000 people. The indicator is available from 1978 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Switzerland had the highest level of the Human Development Index (HDI) worldwide in 2022 with a value of 0.967. With a score of 0.966, Norway followed closely behind Switzerland and had the second highest level of human development in that year. The rise of the Asian tigers In the decades after the Cold War, the four so-called Asian tigers, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong (now a Special Administrative Region of China) experienced rapid economic growth and increasing human development. At number four and number nine of the HDI, respectively, Hong Kong and Singapore are the only Asian locations within the top 10 highest HDI scores. Both locations have experienced tremendous economic growth since the 1980’s and 1990’s. In 1980, the per capita GDP of Hong Kong was 5,703 U.S. dollars, increasing throughout the decades until reaching 50,029 in 2023, which is expected to continue to increase in the future. Meanwhile, in 1989, Singapore had a GDP of nearly 31 billion U.S. dollars, which has risen to nearly 501 billion U.S. dollars today and is also expected to keep increasing. Growth of the UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is the only Middle Eastern country besides Israel within the highest ranking HDI scores globally. Within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the UAE has the third largest GDP behind Saudi Arabia and Israel, reaching nearly 507 billion U.S. dollars by 2022. Per capita, the UAE GDP was around 21,142 U.S. dollars in 1989, and has nearly doubled to 43,438 U.S. dollars by 2021. Moreover, this is expected to reach over 67,538 U.S. dollars by 2029. On top of being a major oil producer, the UAE has become a hub for finance and business and attracts millions of tourists annually.

The average for 2019 based on 37 countries was 3.96 points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 6.4 points and the lowest value was in Albania: 1.2 points. The indicator is available from 2009 to 2019. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 111.34 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 286.09 index points and the lowest value was in Belarus: 52.51 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

This statistic shows the average life expectancy in Europe for those born in 2024, by gender and region. The average life expectancy in Western Europe was 79 years for males and 84 years for females in 2024. Additional information on European life expectancy The difference in life expectancy seen between men and women across all European regions is in line with the global trends of women outliving men, on average. The average life expectancy at birth worldwide by income group shows that the gender life expectancy gap is not only a consistent trend across countries, but also income groups. Moreover, the higher life expectancy for those in high income groups may help to explain the lower average life expectancy for those born in Eastern Europe where average incomes are generally lower than other European regions. Although income and length of life are not directly correlated, higher income individuals are generally able to afford access to superior nutrition and healthcare as well as having leisure time for exercise. That said, current trends in the increases in life expectancy worldwide by country between 1970 and 2017 suggest economic growth will lead to larger increases in life expectancy. Those increases are less likely to occur to such a degree in the more developed regions of Europe where Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Iceland and Austria all rank in the top 20 countries with the highest life expectancy.