Russia is the largest country in Europe, and also the largest in the world, its total size amounting to 17 million square kilometers (km2). It should be noted, however, that over three quarters of Russia is located in Asia, and the Ural mountains are often viewed as the meeting point of the two continents in Russia; nonetheless, European Russia is still significantly larger than any other European country. Ukraine, the second largest country on the continent, is only 603,000 km2, making it about 28 times smaller than its eastern neighbor, or seven times smaller than the European part of Russia. France is the third largest country in Europe, but the largest in the European Union. The Vatican City, often referred to as the Holy Sea, is both the smallest country in Europe and in the world, at just one km2. Population Russia is also the most populous country in Europe. It has around 144 million inhabitants across the country; in this case, around three quarters of the population live in the European part, which still gives it the largest population in Europe. Despite having the largest population, Russia is a very sparsely populated country due to its size and the harsh winters. Germany is the second most populous country in Europe, with 83 million inhabitants, while the Vatican has the smallest population. Worldwide, India and China are the most populous countries, with approximately 1.4 billion inhabitants each. Cities Moscow in Russia is ranked as the most populous city in Europe with around 13 million inhabitants, although figures vary, due to differences in the methodologies used by countries and sources. Some statistics include Istanbul in Turkey* as the largest city in Europe with its 15 million inhabitants, bit it has been excluded here as most of the country and parts of the city is located in Asia. Worldwide, Tokyo is the most populous city, with Jakarta the second largest and Delhi the third.

With a Gross Domestic Product of over 4.18 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2023. The similarly sized economies of the United Kingdom and France were the second and third largest economies in Europe during this year, followed by Italy and Spain. The smallest economy in this statistic is that of the small Balkan nation of Montenegro, which had a GDP of 5.7 billion Euros. In this year, the combined GDP of the 27 member states that compose the European Union amounted to approximately 17.1 trillion Euros. The big five Germany’s economy has consistently had the largest economy in Europe since 1980, even before the reunification of West and East Germany. The United Kingdom, by contrast, has had mixed fortunes during the same period and had a smaller economy than Italy in the late 1980s. The UK also suffered more than the other major economies during the recession of the late 2000s, meaning the French economy was the second largest on the continent for some time afterward. The Spanish economy was continually the fifth-largest in Europe in this 38-year period, and from 2004 onwards, has been worth more than one trillion Euros. The smallest GDP, the highest economic growth in Europe Despite having the smallerst GDP of Europe, Montenegro emerged as the fastest growing economy in the continent, achieving an impressive annual growth rate of 4.5 percent, surpassing Turkey's growth rate of 4 percent. Overall,this Balkan nation has shown a remarkable economic recovery since the 2010 financial crisis, with its GDP projected to grow by 28.71 percent between 2024 and 2029. Contributing to this positive trend are successful tourism seasons in recent years, along with increased private consumption and rising imports. Europe's economic stagnation Malta, Albania, Iceland, and Croatia were among the countries reporting some of the highest growth rates this year. However, Europe's overall performance reflected a general slowdown in growth compared to the trend seen in 2021, during the post-pandemic recovery. Estonia experienced the sharpest negative growth in 2023, with its economy shrinking by 2.3% compared to 2022, primarily due to the negative impact of sanctions placed on its large neighbor, Russia. Other nations, including Sweden, Germany, and Finland, also recorded slight negative growth.

In 2024, Russia had the largest population among European countries at ***** million people. The next largest countries in terms of their population size were Turkey at **** million, Germany at **** million, the United Kingdom at **** million, and France at **** million. Europe is also home to some of the world’s smallest countries, such as the microstates of Liechtenstein and San Marino, with populations of ****** and ****** respectively. Europe’s largest economies Germany was Europe’s largest economy in 2023, with a Gross Domestic Product of around *** trillion Euros, while the UK and France are the second and third largest economies, at *** trillion and *** trillion euros respectively. Prior to the mid-2000s, Europe’s fourth-largest economy, Italy, had an economy that was of a similar sized to France and the UK, before diverging growth patterns saw the UK and France become far larger economies than Italy. Moscow and Istanbul the megacities of Europe Two cities on the eastern borders of Europe were Europe’s largest in 2023. The Turkish city of Istanbul, with a population of 15.8 million, and the Russian capital, Moscow, with a population of 12.7 million. Istanbul is arguably the world’s most famous transcontinental city with territory in both Europe and Asia and has been an important center for commerce and culture for over 2,000 years. Paris was the third largest European city with a population of ** million, with London being the fourth largest at *** million.

In 2024, Germany was the leading EU country in terms of population, with around 85 million inhabitants. In 2050, approximately 89.2 million people will live in Germany, according to the forecast. See the total EU population figures for more information. The global population The global population is rapidly increasing. Between 1990 and 2015, it increased by around 2 billion people. Furthermore, it is estimated that the global population will have increased by another 1 billion by 2030. Asia is the continent with the largest population, followed by Africa and Europe. In Asia,the two most populous nations worldwide are located, China and India. In 2014, the combined population in China and India alone amounted to more than 2.6 billion people. for comparison, the total population in the whole continent of Europe is at around 741 million people. As of 2014, about 60 percent of the global population was living in Asia, with only approximately 10 percent in Europe and even less in the United States. Europe is the continent with the second-highest life expectancy at birth in the world, only barely surpassed by Northern America. In 2013, the life expectancy at birth in Europe was around 78 years. Stable economies and developing and emerging markets in European countries provide for good living conditions. Seven of the top twenty countries in the world with the largest gross domestic product in 2015 are located in Europe.

Attitudes towards the European Union. Globalisation. Assessment of the economic and financial crisis, and the EU policy.

Topics: 1. Standard trends and attitudes towards the EU: general life satisfaction; assessment of the national and the European economic situation; assessment of the world economic situation; assessment of the personal job situation and the financial situation of the own household; assessment of the situation on the labour market in the own country and the situation in the environment in the own country; assessment of the national situation compared to the average of the European Union countries regarding the economic situation, the situation on the labour market, cost of living, energy prices, quality of life, and the situation of the environment; future expectations in the above fields; most important problems of the country; EU membership of the own country is a good thing; benefits from the own country’s membership in the EU; development of the own country, the EU, and the USA in the right direction; trust in institutions (media, internet, army, national legal system, political parties, national government, national parliament, European Union, United Nations, regional or local authorities, and NATO); positive or negative image of the EU; EU´s main features; knowledge test on the EU institutions: European Parliament, European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Central Bank; confidence in these institutions; attitude towards a European Monetary Union; attitude towards the enlargement of the EU; assessment of the speed of building Europe; the EU´s most important issues; knowledge test about the EU: number of member states, result of the Irish referendum; membership of Switzerland (Split A) and Iceland (Split B) in the EU; satisfaction with the democracy in the own country and in the EU; understanding of the processes of the EU; assessment regarding the consideration of national interests in the EU; assessment of the EU´s growth speed; citizens of different countries share more common characteristics than differences; lack of ideas for Europe; the EU must meet the global challenges.

1. The EU, the world, and globalisation: most important factors for the global influence of a country or of a group of countries; assignment of these factors to the EU; attitude towards globalisation (scale: opportunity for economic growth, increasing social inequalities, demand for global governance, identical interests of the USA and the EU in dealing with globalisation, protects from price increases, peacekeeping, threat to national culture, is profitable only for large companies but not for the citizens, leads to foreign investment in the own country, promotes the development of poorer countries, leading to more openness to other cultures, the EU has sufficient power to defend their economic interests, EU protects its citizens from the negative effects of globalisation (Split A) or enables European citizens to better benefit from the positive effects of globalisation (Split B); globalisation as an opportunity or as a threat to the national economy; comparison of the performance of the European economy with the American, Japanese, Chinese, Indian, Russian and Brazilian economy; preferred orientation of the national society to meet global challenges.

2. Economic and financial crisis: expected worsening or recovery of the economic crisis; expected development of the individual financial situation of the household in the next months; most important actors to combat the crisis; positive or negative associations with the following terms (image): company, welfare state, competitiveness, free trade, protectionism, globalisation, liberalisation, trade union, reforms, public administration, flexibility, competition, security, and solidarity; attitude towards a free enterprise economy (scale: too strong intervention of the state in the lives of the individuals, economic growth prior to environmental protection (Split A) or environmental protection prior to economic growth (Split B), free competition is a guarantee of prosperity); attitude towards a reduction of the value of material possessions; approval of increased development of new technologies; impression of loss of personal purchasing power; expected change in the living conditions of future generations; suspected improvement of the lives of the young generation in the country by emigrating to another country; most important personal values; values that represent best the EU.

3. Subsidiarity: European, national or local level has the most impact on the own living conditions; sufficient consideration of regional interests in decisions of the European Union.

Only in EU 27 was asked: awareness of the current Swedish presidency of the EU; awareness of the change of presidency to Spain; optimism for the future of the EU; better protection against the economic crisis by maintaining the old currency; mitigation of the negative impact of the...

This statistic shows the total population of the European Union from 2010 to 2023. The population is based on data from the most recent census adjusted by the components of population change produced since the last census, or based on population registers. At the beginning of 2023, the total population of the European Union amounted to approximately 448.38 million inhabitants. See figures for the total population by continent here. The global population The global population is rapidly increasing. Between 1990 and 2015, the global population has increased by around 2 billion people, and it is estimated to have increased by another 1 billion people by 2030. Asia is the continent in the world with the largest population, followed by Africa and Europe. Asia has the two most populous nations in the world: China and India. In 2014, the combined population in China and India amounted to more than 2.6 billion people. The total population in Europe is around 741 million people. As of 2014, about 10.2 percent of the global population lived in Europe. Europe is the continent with the second highest life expectancy at birth in the world. Born in 2013, the average European was estimated to live for around 78 years. Stable economies as well as developing and emerging markets in Europe provide for good living conditions for foreign nationals; seven of the top twenty countries in the world with the largest gross domestic product in 2024 are located in Europe.

This dataset provides values for GDP PER CAPITA PPP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

On the occasion of the German EU Presidency, the attitudes of the population towards the EU and in particular the role of the EU in the world were examined.

Topics: 1. Significance of the European Union: frequency of information on political issues; Germany´s role in the world (less cooperation with other countries, continue to cooperate with other countries in the same way as before or further strengthen cooperation with other countries); significance of different regions in terms of their influence in the world (European Union (EU), USA, China, Africa, Russia, Germany); interest in European policy; associations with the EU; assessment of the development of the EU.

1. The European Union as a global player: EU influence in the world on the following issues: Economy and trade, digitalisation, climate protection, world peace, respect for democratic values, respect for human rights; importance of EU unity in foreign policy issues; expected development of EU unity in foreign policy; opinion on cooperation with other regions (USA, China, Africa, Russia, Turkey); EU and world powers: largest competing world power in economic terms (China, Russia, USA, others); pioneering role of various countries and regions in digitisation (EU, USA, China, Africa, Russia, Germany); progress of the EU in digitisation; pioneering role of various countries and regions in global climate protection (EU, USA, China, Africa, Russia, Germany); progress of the EU in climate protection

2. Germany and the European Union: Awareness of Germany´s assumption of the EU Council Presidency; expectations of the German EU Council Presidency in terms of its influence on EU policy; importance of various topics for the German EU Council Presidency (e.g. protecting the EU´s external borders, strengthening cohesion among EU member states, stabilising the euro, working closely together on defence policy, etc.) ); rather advantages or disadvantages of Germany´s membership in the EU; satisfaction with German European policy; opinion on Germany´s influence in the EU; hypothetical decision in a referendum on the EU; attitude towards EU enlargement; conditions for candidates for EU enlargement (economic stability, democratic values and stability, cultural values, other, no conditions).

Demography: sex; age; age groups (total); German nationality; party sympathy; highest educational attainment; employment; occupational status; net household income (grouped); household size; number of persons in household aged 18 and over; local size (BIK); region (federal state).

Additionally coded: Respondent ID; split identification (representative/ boost); weight.

Since the early 1970s the European Commission´s Standard & Special Eurobarometer are regularly monitoring the public opinion in the European Union member countries. Principal investigators are the Directorate-General Communication and on occasion other departments of the European Commission or the European Parliament. Over time, candidate and accession countries were included in the Standard Eurobarometer Series. Selected questions or modules may not have been surveyed in each sample. Please consult the basic questionnaire for more information on country filter instructions or other questionnaire routing filters. In this study all question modules are in the standard Eurobarometer context: 1. Standard EU and trend questions, 2. Europe 2020, 3. Financial and economic crisis, 4. Information on European political matters.
Topics: 1. Attitudes towards the EU (standard EU and trend questions): general life satisfaction; frequency of discussions about the country´s politics, European politics and local political affairs; personal opinion leadership; assessment of the national, the European economy and the world economy; evaluation of personal professional and financial situation of the household; assessment of the labor market situation in the own country and the expectations for the future based on the personal life situation, the economic situation of the country, the financial situation of the household, the labor market situation of the country, the personal job situation, the economic situation in the EU and the world economy; most important problems of the country and personal impact of these problems; most important problems in the European Union; favorability of the country´s membership in the EU; development of the country and the European Union in the right direction; confidence in institutions, political parties, on radio, television, Internet, justice, police, military, religious institutions, trade unions, large companies, the state government, the country´s parliament, the European Union, the United Nations and in small enterprises; positive or negative image of the EU; values represented by the EU; associations with the term European Union; awareness of european institutions such as the European Parliament, European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Central Bank and assessment of trust in these institutions; knowledge test on the European Union (the number of Member States, direct election of members of the European Parliament, Switzerland is a member of the EU); attitude towards the further development of the EU (support for monetary union, common foreign policy, EU enlargement, common defense policy); preferred countries for the EU enlargement; preferred areas for future development of the EU; preferred decision-making level (country or EU) concerning crime, taxes, unemployment, terrorism, foreign policy, immigration, education, pensions, environmental protection, health, agriculture, consumer protection, research, support of economically weak regions, energy, transport, the fight against inflation, economic growth, combating public debt, reforms of the financial sector; knowledge how the EU works; perceived future of the European Union; importance of political and social value ranges for the respondent and their representation in the European Union.

1. Europe 2020: evaluation of the accessibility of the objectives of the Europe 2020 program (full employment, increased spending ion research and development, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the share of renewable energy, increase energy efficiency, increase the graduation rate and the rate of high school graduates; reducing the poverty rate); attitude towards reinforcing innovation by research funding; preferred measures for the education and employment of young people; preferred main focuses of the EU in the following areas: internet, energy, industry, jobs and professional qualifications, combating poverty; assessment whether the EU has set the right priorities in these areas.

2. Financial and economic crisis: height of the crisis has passed; assessment of the current situation of the household; most important actor to tackle the economic and financial crisis; preferred initiatives to improve the performance of the EU economy; attitude towards the reform of the economic system (scale: promoting reforms to relieve future generations, future capability of the country through reforms, demand for increased cooperation among the EU countries, willingness to lower standards of living to secure the future of subsequent generations, measures to reduce the public deficit are priority (Split A) or not priority (Split B), call for the creation of jobs by increasing public deficits); evaluation of measures to overcome the financial crisis (scale: regulation of financial services, control of large financial groups, coordination of the economic policies of the EU Member States, EU control at the recovery of banks by...

Since the early 1970s the European Commission´s Standard & Special Eurobarometer are regularly monitoring the public opinion in the European Union member countries. Principal investigators are the Directorate-General Communication and on occasion other departments of the European Commission or the European Parliament. Over time, candidate and accession countries were included in the Standard Eurobarometer Series. Selected questions or modules may not have been surveyed in each sample. Please consult the basic questionnaire for more information on country filter instructions or other questionnaire routing filters. In this study all question modules are in the standard Eurobarometer context: 1. Standard EU and trend questions, 2. Europe 2020 strategy and policy priorities, 3. Financial and economic crisis and related EU policies, 4. European citizenship, 5. Information on European political matters: knowledge, information behaviour, and media use.
Topics: 1. Attitudes towards the EU (standard EU and trend questions): life satisfaction; frequency of political discussions about local, national, and European matters with friends and relatives; assessment of the current situation in the following areas: national economy, European economy, personal job situation, financial situation of the own household, national employment situation, quality of life in the own country, quality of life in the EU; expectations for the next twelve months regarding: personal life in general, national economic situation, financial situation of the own household, national employment situation, personal job situation, economic situation in the EU, quality of life in the own country, quality of life in the EU; most important problems in the own country, personally, and in the EU; assessment of the own country’s assumed membership in the EU as a good thing and assumed benefits; trust in selected institutions: written press, radio, television, internet, online social networks, political parties, regional or local public authorities, national government, national parliament, European Union, United Nations; image of the EU; positive associations with the following terms: large companies, small and medium-sized companies, free trade, protectionism, globalisation, liberalisation, competition, trade unions, reforms, public service, security, solidarity, entrepreneurship; meaning of the EU to the respondent; knowledge of and trust in selected institutions: European Parliament, European Commission, European Central Bank; knowledge test on the EU: number of member states, direct election of European Parliament members by the citizens of each member state, Switzerland is a member of the EU; attitude towards the following issues: European economic and monetary union with one single currency, common foreign policy of all member states, further enlargement, common defence and security policy, free trade and investment agreement between the EU and the USA, common migration policy, common energy policy, digital single market within the EU, free movement of EU citizens; approval of the creation of a European army; satisfaction with the democracy in the own country and in the EU; approval of the following statements: respondent understands how the EU works, recognition of the own country’s interests in the EU, EU’s voice counts in the world, globalisation as an opportunity for economic growth, better development of the own country outside the EU, more decisions to be taken at EU level; optimism about the future of the EU.

1. Europe 2020 strategy and policy priorities: likelihood to reach the following objectives by 2020: three quarters of people between 20 and 64 years of age having a job, share of funds invested in research and development reaching 3% of the wealth produced in the EU each year, reduction of EU greenhouse gas emissions by at least 20% (compared to 1990), increase of the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20%, increase of energy efficiency in the EU by 20%, reduction of the share of young people leaving school without qualifications to 10%, at least 40% of the people aged 30 to 34 having a higher education degree or diploma, reduction of the number of people living below the poverty line by a quarter, increase industry’s contribution to economy to 20% of GDP; EU is going in the right direction to exit the crisis and face new global challenges; most important objectives in a European energy union; feeling towards immigration of people from: other EU member states, outside the EU; attitude towards additional measures to fight illegal immigration of people from outside the EU on EU level and / or on national level; attitude towards the right for EU citizens to: live or work in every member state of the EU, live or work in the respondent’s country.

2. Financial and economic crisis and related EU policies: impact of the economic crisis on the job market has already reached its peak; approval of the following statements: measures to...

The European Union's total Exports in 2024 were valued at US$2.80 Trillion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. The European Union's main export partners were: the United States, the United Kingdom and China. The top three export commodities were: Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers; Pharmaceutical products and Vehicles other than railway, tramway. Total Imports were valued at US$2.64 Trillion. In 2024, The European Union had a trade surplus of US$159.68 Billion.

European Union HICP: Weights: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables (OM) data was reported at 3.250 Per 1000 in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.230 Per 1000 for 2024. European Union HICP: Weights: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables (OM) data is updated yearly, averaging 2.720 Per 1000 from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2025, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.650 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 2.320 Per 1000 in 2001. European Union HICP: Weights: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables (OM) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.I005: Eurostat: Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices: Weights.

The Candidate Countries Eurobarometer (CCEB) series, first conducted in 2001, gathers information from the countries applying to become members of the European Union (EU) in a way that allows direct comparison with the standard Eurobarometer series carried out in the existing EU countries. The CCEB provides decision-makers and the European public with opinion data on the similarities and differences between the EU and candidate countries. The CCEB continuously tracks support for EU membership in each country and records changes in attitudes related to European issues in the candidate countries. This round of the CCEB survey was conducted between November 20th and December 24th, 2003, in the 13 candidate countries: Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Turkey. This survey queried respondents on the following: (1) identities and values, (2) financial services and consumer protection, and (3) time use. For the first major area of focus, identities and values, respondents were asked to define what is most important to them, in addition to their personal values and those values which best represent their country, the EU, the United States, and the Arab world. Respondents provided their opinion on statements pertaining to socio-political issues, selected activities with which they were involved, and determined whether they would be willing to learn an additional foreign language and the main motivation for doing so. In addition, the survey asked respondents to identify which topics they were interested, including politics, economics, arts and culture, music, sports, and lifestyles, and to which countries they felt the closest. For the second major area of focus, financial services, respondents were queried on their top three financial priorities, their thoughts about finances and financial services, and ownership of a financial account, investment, or loan. The survey queried respondents about their use of the phone and the Internet in financial transactions, obtaining a financial account, investment, loan, or other service from the EU in the past, and whether they would consider doing so in the next five years. Additional questions asked respondents about the obstacles which prevent the use of financial services anywhere in the EU, the means of payment used and preferred for an important purchase, their use of an electronic purse, as well as their opinion on the ease of carrying out eight particular activities with the banks and insurance companies, and their expectations about the advice provided by their financial institutions. Finally, respondents were asked about the harmonization of their respective countries' consumer protection standards with the EU's standards. For the third major area of focus, time use, respondents were queried about the number of hours they or their partner spent on paid or voluntary work, child care and household tasks, and attending courses, studying or training. Respondents also answered questions on whether they plan to reduce the number of hours they work, what they intend to do with the extra free time, the preferred duration of the reduction of working hours, and how the reduction in hours would be executed. Respondents provided their opinions on work before retirement, and identified their expected and desired retirement age, work and monetary expectations, and future plans when considering retirement. Answers regarding respondent satisfaction with the hours they spend on life style, health, household, and family related activities were also recorded. The survey also asked respondents about their ability to participate in continuing education, whether they had completed a training course, the number of hours they were involved in for the last course taken, and as to who paid and whether they received time off for the course. In addition, respondents examined the importance and availability of employee benefits at work, whether they had taken any of these benefits in the past 12 months, their satisfaction with these benefits, as well as the ability to partake in employee benefits, and who should pay for these benefits. Respondents identified the activities that had the most impact on their time, their satisfaction with different aspects of life, and expressed their opinion on the importance of making money, w

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures, such as whether they discussed political matters, how satisfied they were with their present life, and their view on the current economic and/or employment situation in their household and country, in the European Union (EU), and in the world. Additionally, respondents were asked what expectations they had for the next 12 months, and what important issues were being faced personally and in their country. Additional questions focused on the respondents' opinions on the EU, including whether their country had benefited from being an EU member, as well as the overall direction of their country, the EU, and the United States, and their trust in certain institutions. The survey queried respondents on their personal financial situations, their views of the lives of children today, views of being socially excluded or becoming homeless, and their trust in the information media. Finally, respondents were asked about their voting behavior in the last parliamentary election in their country and their political party attachment. A second major focus of the surveys was the European Parliament and elections. Respondents were asked about their knowledge and impression of the European Parliament, and their opinions on its role, its policies, and its values. In addition, respondents identified the date of the next European elections, their interest and the likelihood of voting in the June 2009 elections, their decision-making criteria when choosing a candidate, their reasons for not voting in the elections, and the main themes on which the campaign for the next elections should concentrate. A third major focus was the economic crisis. The survey queried respondents about the present and future repercussions of the economic crisis, which type of government or other entity is most capable of dealing most effectively with the crisis, the role of the EU and member states in the crisis, whether the adoption or non-adoption of the euro positively or negatively affected the economy of their country, and their opinion of the policies aimed at alleviating the crisis. A fourth major focus was climate change. Respondents indicated their views on how climate change ranked in importance among the world's problems, the seriousness of climate change, and how well-informed they felt about this matter. In addition, respondents were asked about their knowledge of climate change, and the actions aimed to fight it. A fifth and final major focus was chemical products. The survey asked respondents to identify which consumer products contain chemicals that pose a risk to the user, the extent of risk and worry in using certain products, and who they trusted for protection against health and environmental hazards. In addition, respondents were queried on their knowledge of chemical substance exposure, which information sources they preferred and trusted for safety and safe use information about chemical products, the labeling of chemical substances in consumer products, and whether the producer of a chemical product should be held legally responsible for any harm caused by it. Respondents were also asked about reading product instructions, product usage of sunscreen and hair dyes, and the potential health risks and effects of certain chemical substances. Demographic and other background information includes age, gender, nationality, origin of birth (personal and parental), marital status, age when stopped full-time education, occupation, left-right political self-placement, household composition, ownership of a fixed or mobile telephone and other durable goods, type and size of locality, region of residence, and language of interview (select countries).

Assessment of the development of the EU. Economy and environmental protection. Global warming and climate change.

Topics: Frequency of political discussions with friends and own opinion leadership; life satisfaction; future expectations regarding personal life, the financial situation of the own household, the national economic situation, the personal job situation, and the economic situation in the EU; comparison of the national situation with the average of the other European countries concerning: economy, employment, cost of living, energy prices, and quality of life; most important national political issues; voting behaviour and the European Parliament; (only in EU 27): voting behaviour in the last elections to the national parliament; assessment of the current or future EU membership (Turkey, Croatia, and Macedonia) of the own country as a good thing; assessment of the benefits of an EU membership; in the Turkish Cypriot community was asked: assessment of the full application of EU legislation in the own country as a good thing; reasons for and against the application of EU legislation in the own country; again all: reasons for and against an EU membership; development of the own country and the European Union in the right direction; trust in institutions; EU image; importance of the European Union for the respondent (associations); agreement with statements regarding the EU membership (more safety through EU membership, more economic stability through membership in the EU and the euro area, effectiveness of the own voice in the EU and in the own country, consideration of the concerns of the European citizens by the European parliament with regard to European issues, the right to vote with respect to European technical issues, understanding how the EU works, consideration of national interests by the EU, EU imposes its views on the own country); importance of the own voice and the voice of the own country in the EU; knowledge of the European Parliament, the European Commission, the European Council, and the European Central Bank; assessment of the role of these institutions in the life of the European Union; trust in these institutions, and reasons for trust or distrust; comparison of the present purchasing power of the own household with five years ago; financial difficulties at the end of the month; expectations regarding the future life of today´s children in comparison with the own generation; assessment of the transparency of the national public administration as well as of the EU institutions; personal importance of transparency for the respondent; knowledge test on the European Union (including the number of member states); preference for decision-making at national or at European level regarding: fighting crime, unemployment, inflation, and terrorism, taxation, defence, immigration, educational system, pensions, and environmental protection; health and social welfare, agriculture and fishery, consumer protection, science and technology, support for regions with economic difficulties, energy, competition, transports, and economy; attitude towards a common European currency, a common foreign policy, a common defence and security policy, and towards further enlargement of the European Union; assessment of the future development of the European Union; most important issues for strengthening the EU for the future; awareness of the current EU presidency of Slovenia; in Slovenia was asked: importance of the Slovenian EU presidency; awareness of the upcoming regular change of presidency to France; in France was asked: importance of the French EU presidency; again all: approval or rejection of an EU enlargement with the following countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Croatia, Albania, Turkey, Ukraine, Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland; attitude towards the EU membership of Turkey; attitude towards the EU membership of the countries of the Western Balkans to help to stabilize the region; attitude towards globalisation (scale: opportunity for economic growth, increases social inequality, common interests of the European Union and the United States, protection from price increases, peacekeeping in the world, threat to national culture, profitable only for companies but not for citizens, more foreign investments in the own country, helps the development of poor countries, need for common global rules, openness to other cultures); globalisation as an opportunity for national companies to profit from the opening of markets versus threat of national jobs and companies; attitude towards the role of the European Union in globalisation: protection from negative effects of globalisation; enables European citizens to benefit from globalisation; assessment of the performance of the European economy in comparison with the economy in America, Japan, China, India, Russia, and Brazil; impact of globalisation on national companies; attitude towards the...

European Union HICP: EA 20: RC: Other Major Durables data was reported at 124.620 2015=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 124.280 2015=100 for Feb 2025. European Union HICP: EA 20: RC: Other Major Durables data is updated monthly, averaging 95.115 2015=100 from Dec 1999 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 304 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 131.220 2015=100 in Aug 2024 and a record low of 77.560 2015=100 in Dec 1999. European Union HICP: EA 20: RC: Other Major Durables data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.I002: Eurostat: Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices: 2015=100.

ECMWF is the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.

Both a research institute and a 24/7 operational service, producing global numerical weather predictions and other data for our Member and Co-operating States and the broader community. The Centre has one of the largest supercomputer facilities and meteorological data archives in the world. Other strategic activities include delivering advanced training and assisting the WMO in implementing its programmes.

A key player in Copernicus, the Earth Observation component of the European Union’s Space programme, offering quality-assured information on climate change (Copernicus Climate Change Service), atmospheric composition (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), flooding and fire danger (Copernicus Emergency Management Service), and through the EU's Destination Earth initiative, we are developing prototype digital twins of the Earth.

The organisation was established in 1975 and now employs around 450 staff from more than 35 countries. ECMWF is one of the six members of the Co-ordinated Organisations, which also include the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), the Council of Europe (CoE), the European Space Agency (ESA), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT).

This page contains information how to access data of the ECMWF.

Since the early 1970s the European Commission´s Standard & Special Eurobarometer are regularly monitoring the public opinion in the European Union member countries. Principal investigators are the Directorate-General Communication and on occasion other departments of the European Commission or the European Parliament. Over time, candidate and accession countries were included in the Standard Eurobarometer Series. Selected questions or modules may not have been surveyed in each sample. Please consult the basic questionnaire for more information on country filter instructions or other questionnaire routing filters. In this study the following modules are included: 1. Europeans in 2019, 2. General Data Protection Regulation / Awareness of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, 3. Europeans’ attitudes towards vaccination.
Topics: 1. Europeans in 2019: most important problems in the own country and in the EU; trust in selected institutions: media, political parties, regional or local public authorities, national government, national parliament, European Union; meaning of the EU to the respondent; knowledge test on the EU: direct election of European Parliament members by the citizens of each member state; attitude towards the following issues: European economic and monetary union with one single currency, common foreign policy of all member states, common defence and security policy, common trade policy, common migration policy, common energy policy, digital single market within the EU, free movement of EU citizens; satisfaction with the democracy in the own country and in the EU; approval of the following statements: respondent understands how the EU works, more decisions to be taken at EU level, globalisation as an opportunity for economic growth; attitude towards selected statements: EU is a place of stability in a troubled world, free-market economy should go with a high level of social protection, globalisation threatens national identity, EU offers a future perspective for European youth, recognition of people’s interests by national political system, rise of political parties protesting against traditional political elites is a matter of concern, everyone in the own country has a chance to succeed in life; optimism about the future of the EU; feeling of being a citizen of the EU; most positive results of the EU; approval of selected statements: people in the own country have a lot of things in common, people in the EU have a lot of things in common, respondent understands what is going on the world, confidence in the future; main assets and main challenges of the EU; preferred issues to be emphasized for the future of Europe; preferred measures to improve access to healthcare in the EU; areas in the EU upon which technology will have the biggest impact: finance, employment and work, migration, health, social life, education, crime, social protection.

1. General Data Protection Regulation / Awareness of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union: awareness of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU; self-rated knowledge about the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU; knowledge test on the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU: is legally binding, applies to all actions of EU institutions, applies to all actions of EU member states, applies to member states only when they implement EU law; preferred bodies to address a complaint to regarding the violation of rights enshrined by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU: EU institution, national government, police, court, ombudsman or independent body in the own country, NGO; interest in additional information about the following aspects of the Charter: contact points in case of violation of rights enshrined by the Charter, content of the Charter, application of the Charter, historical and political context of the Charter; frequency of purchasing goods or services online; main reasons for providing personal information online; feeling of control over personal information provided online; extent of concern about not having complete control; attempts made to change the privacy settings of the personal profile on an online social network; assessment of the changes as easy; reasons for not changing; awareness of the conditions of collection and the further use of personal data provided online; attention payed to privacy statements on the internet; reasons for not paying attention; awareness of a public authority responsible for protecting people’s rights regarding personal data; awareness of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR); awareness and exercise of the following rights in the context of the GDPR: right to access personal data, right to object to receiving direct marketing, right to correct wrong data, right to have personal data deleted, right to have a say with regard to automated decisions, right to move data between providers.

2. Europeans’ attitudes towards vaccination: knowledge test on...

European Union HICP: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables: Maintenance & Repair data was reported at 100.800 2015=100 in Mar 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 100.790 2015=100 for Feb 2020. European Union HICP: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables: Maintenance & Repair data is updated monthly, averaging 93.360 2015=100 from Dec 2000 (Median) to Mar 2020, with 232 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 157.480 2015=100 in Aug 2016 and a record low of 62.380 2015=100 in Dec 2000. European Union HICP: EU 27E: RC: Other Major Durables: Maintenance & Repair data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.I002: Eurostat: Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices: 2015=100.

The statistic shows the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in the EU member states in the second quarter 2024 compared to the same quarter of the previous year. GDP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year. It is considered to be a very important indicator of the economic strength of a country and a positive change in it is a sign of economic growth. In the second quarter of 2024, the real GDP in Denmark increased by 2.5 percent compared to the same quarter of the previous year. The overall EU GDP amounted to around 15.8 trillion euros around the same time. Global economy and the economic crisis The global economy has been slowly recovery after having been devastated by the global financial crisis in 2008. The economic crisis, which hit Greece, Ireland and Portugal, among other countries, severely, marked the beginning of the European sovereign debt crisis which forced these nations to request a bailout between 2013 and 2014. In November 2014, the unemployment rate in Greece amounted to around a desastrous 25 percent, which means one quarter of Greeks who were of working age were out of work. Meanwhile, the unemployment rate average for the whole European Union was at 10 percent. In addition, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Ireland ranked at the top of the list of the nations in the European Union with the largest national debt in relation to the gross domestic product. In the third quarter of 2014, Greece’s national debt amounted to 176 percent of the gross domestic product. Despite the crisis, the global economy is expected to improve. It is estimated that GDP in the European Union will grow by 1.85 percent in 2015 in comparison to the previous year. Also, the national debt in relation to GDP in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Ireland will decrease between 2015 and 2016.