Abstract

Uganda has experienced strong economic growth over the past two decades and has made great strides towards improving the quality of life and access to services. In order to continue to promote pro-poor economic growth, the Government of Uganda (GoU) developed the National Development Plan (NDP) and a Joint Budget Support strategy as part of the implementation of the National Development Strategy (NDS).

Uganda recognizes the need for adequate data collection to effectively monitor outcomes of the National Development Strategy (NDS). For this purpose, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) implemented the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) program, with financial and technical support from the Government of Netherlands, and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) project.

The 2005-2009/10 Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) is the first "panel" survey done by the LSMS group. The households included were chosen from the 2005-06 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS).
The sample One of the primary uses of the UNPS is to inform policymaking in advance of the Budget, through descriptive reports that are made ready in time for the initial work on sector budget framework papers.

Survey Objectives The UNPS aimed at producing annual estimates of outcomes and output in the key policy areas and at providing a platform for the experimentation and assessment of national policies and programs.

Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas and at providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing of national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: 1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information to the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production). 2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level and provide annual information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS). 3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante- and post-natal care, or assessing the effect of agricultural input subsidies. 4. To provide a framework for policy-oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which will feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review. 5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Markets
• Communities / facilities

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Survey Design The UNPS is carried out annually, over a twelve-month period on a nationally representative sample of households, for the purpose of accommodating the seasonality associated with the composition of and expenditures on consumption. The survey is conducted in two visits in order to better capture agricultural outcomes associated with the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNPS will therefore interview each household twice each year, in visits six months apart.

Starting in 2005-09/10, the UNPS has been set out to track and re-interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 enumeration areas (EAs), selected out of the 783 EAs that had been visited by the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005-06. The UNPS EAs covered all 34 EAs visited by the UNHS 2005-06 in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the (i) Central Region with the exception of Kampala District, (ii) Eastern Region, (iii) Western Region, and (iv) Northern Region.

Within each stratum, the UNPS EAs were selected from the UNHS 2005-06 EAs with equal probability, and with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order), except for the rural portions of the ten districts that were oversampled by the UNHS 2005-06. In these districts, the probabilities were deflated, to bring them back to the levels originally intended. Since IDP camps are now mostly unoccupied, the extra EAs in IDP camps are not a part of the UNPS subsample. This allocation strives for reasonably reliable estimates for the rural portion of each region, and for the set of urban areas out of Kampala as a whole, as well as the best possible estimates for Kampala that can be expected from a subsample of the UNHS 2005-06. Therefore, the UNPS strata of representativeness include (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural.

Prior to the start of the 2005-09/10 field work, 2 UNPS households were also randomly selected in each EA for the purposes of tracking baseline individuals that moved away from original locations since the UNHS 2005-06. The initial UNPS sample was subject to three consecutive waves of data collection after which, parts of the sample was replaced by new households extracted from the updated sample frames developed by the UBOS as part of the 2012 Uganda Population and Housing Census. In addition, the UNPS will fit within the Long-Term Census and Household Survey Program and therefore both the questionnaires and the timing of data collection will be coordinated with the current surveys and census implemented by UBOS.

Note: Detailed description of sampling procedure and calculation of panel weights is presented in "Basic Information Document". The document is provided along with this metadata.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The UNPS survey was collected using the following five questionnaires: 1. Household Questionnaire 2. Woman Questionnaire 3. Agriculture Questionnaire, (administered to the subset of UNPS households engaged in agricultural activities) 4. Community Questionnaire 5. Market Questionnaire.

Abstract

The 2018-19 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) was implemented by the National Malaria Control Division (NMCD) and Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). Data collection took place from 11 December 2018 to 31 January 2019. ICF provided technical assistance. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI), the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID), and the Government of Uganda with Global Fund support coordinated the successful implementation of the survey through technical or financial support.

The primary objective of the 2018-19 UMIS is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators related to malaria. Specifically, the 2018-19 UMIS collected information on vector control interventions such as mosquito nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides, on intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnant women, on care seeking and treatment of fever in children, and malaria knowledge, behaviour, and practices. Children less than age 5 were tested for anaemia and malaria infection.

The information collected through the 2018-19 UMIS is intended to assist policy makers and programme managers in evaluating and designing programmes and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Household Women 15-49 years Children 0-59 months

Universe

the survey covered all household members, all women 15-49 years and all children 0-59 months

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2018-19 UMIS followed a two-stage sample design and was intended to allow estimates of key indicators for the following domains: - National - Urban and rural areas - 15 regions - Although they were not included as separate sampling domains, the overall sample size permitted estimates to be produced for the 14 ongoing indoor residual spraying (IRS) intervention districts: Bugiri, Kaberamaido, Koboko, Lira, Otuke, Serere, Tororo, Alebtong, Amolatar, Budaka, Butaleja, Dokolo, Namutumba, and Paliisa and 11 former IRS intervention districts Oyam, Kole, Nwoya, Amuru, Agago, Gulu, Kitgum, Pader, Omoro, Apac, and Lamwo. - Refugee settlements in Adjumani, Arua, Isingiro, Kamwenge, Kiryandongo, Kyegegwa, Lamwo, Moyo, and Yumbe districts were included as a separate sampling domain.

The first stage of sampling involved selecting sample points (clusters) from the sampling frames; the nonrefugee areas and the refugee settlements used separate sampling frames. Enumeration areas (EAs) delineated for the 2014 National Population and Housing Census (NPHC) were used as the sampling frame for the non-refugee areas. A sampling frame developed for the National Refugees' Survey, conducted by UBOS in collaboration with the World Bank and Office of the Prime Minister in early 2018, was used as the frame for the refugee settlement domain. A total of 320 clusters were selected with probability proportional to size from the EAs covered in the 2014 NPHC. Of these clusters, 84 were in urban areas and 236 in rural areas. Urban areas were oversampled within regions in order to produce robust estimates for that domain. A total of 22 clusters were selected with probability proportional to size from he EAs covered in the refugee frame.

The second stage of sampling involved systematic selection of households. For the non-refugee areas, a household listing operation was undertaken in all of the selected EAs in November and December 2018, and households to be included in the survey were randomly selected from these lists. In the selected clusters for the refugee settlements domain, listing was undertaken immediately before fieldwork in those clusters. Twenty-eight households were selected from each EA, for a total sample size of 8,878 households. Because of the approximately equal sample sizes in each domain, the sample was not elfweighting at the national level. Results shown in this report have been weighted to account for the complex sample design. See Appendix A for additional details on the sampling procedures.

Because a separate sampling frame was used to identify the clusters containing refugee settlements, they are tabulated separately from the national total results throughout the report.

All women age 15-49 who were either permanent residents of the selected households or visitors who stayed in the household the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. After a parent's or guardian's consent was obtained, children age 0-59 months were tested for anaemia and malaria infection

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Three questionnaires—the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, and the Biomarker Questionnaire—were used for fieldwork in the 2018-19 UMIS. Core questionnaires available from the Roll Back Malaria (RBM) Monitoring and Evaluation Reference Group (MERG) were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Uganda. The modifications were decided upon at a series of meetings with various stakeholders from the NMCD and other government ministries and agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and international donors. The questionnaires were in English; UBOS arranged for translation into Luganda, Luo, Lugbara, Ateso, Runyankole/Rukiga, and Runyoro/Rutoro. The Household and Woman’s Questionnaires were programmed onto tablet computers, enabling use of computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for the survey. The Biomarker Questionnaire was filled out on hard copy and entered into the CAPI system when complete.

A fourth questionnaire, the Fieldworker Questionnaire, was adapted from The DHS Program’s standard questionnaire. It was completed by all fieldworkers in the 2018-19 UMIS; its purpose was to collect basic background information on the people who collect data in the field.

Cleaning operations

All electronic data files for the 2018-19 UMIS were transferred via ICF’s IFSS to the UBOS central office in Kampala, where they were stored on a password-protected computer. The data processing operation included registering and checking for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. Data editing and cleaning included structure and consistency checks to ensure completeness of work in the field. The central office also conducted secondary editing, which required resolution of computer-identified inconsistencies and coding of open-ended questions. The data were processed by UBOS staff who took part in the main fieldwork training and were supervised by senior staff from UBOS. The Census and Survey Processing (CSPro) System software package was used for data editing. Secondary editing and data processing were completed in February 2019.

Response rate

of the 8,878 households selected for the sample in the main survey, 8,448 were occupied at the time of fieldwork. Among the occupied households, 8,351 were successfully interviewed, yielding a total household response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 8,389 women were eligible for individual interview, and 8,231 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%. In the refugee settlements, the household response rate was almost 100%, and the response rate among women was 99%.

Abstract

The 2018-19 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) used a nationally representative sample of 320 clusters and about 8,960 households.. The survey is designed to provide estimates of key malaria indicators for the country as a whole, urban and rural areas separately, each of the 15 regions, and refugee settlements.

The primary objective of the 2018-19 UMIS is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators related to malaria. Specifically, the 2018-19 UMIS collected information on vector control interventions such as mosquito nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides, on intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnant women, on care seeking and treatment of fever in children, and malaria knowledge, behaviour, and practices. Children less than age 5 were tested for anaemia and malaria infection.

The information collected through the 2018-19 UMIS is intended to assist policy makers and programme managers in evaluating and designing programmes and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-59

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The 2018-19 UMIS followed a two-stage sample design and was intended to allow estimates of key indicators for the following domains: ▪ National ▪ Urban and rural areas ▪ 15 regions ▪ Although they were not included as separate sampling domains, the overall sample size permitted estimates to be produced for the 14 ongoing indoor residual spraying (IRS) intervention districts: Bugiri, Kaberamaido, Koboko, Lira, Otuke, Serere, Tororo, Alebtong, Amolatar, Budaka, Butaleja, Dokolo, Namutumba, and Paliisa and 11 former IRS intervention districts Oyam, Kole, Nwoya, Amuru, Agago, Gulu, Kitgum, Pader, Omoro, Apac, and Lamwo. ▪ Refugee settlements in Adjumani, Arua, Isingiro, Kamwenge, Kiryandongo, Kyegegwa, Lamwo, Moyo, and Yumbe districts were included as a separate sampling domain.

The first stage of sampling involved selecting sample points (clusters) from the sampling frames; the nonrefugee areas and the refugee settlements used separate sampling frames. Enumeration areas (EAs) delineated for the 2014 National Population and Housing Census (NPHC) were used as the sampling frame for the non-refugee areas.A sampling frame developed for the National Refugees’ Survey, conducted by UBOS in collaboration with the World Bank and Office of the Prime Minister in early 2018, was used as the frame for the refugee settlement domain. A total of 320 clusters were selected with probability proportional to size from the EAs covered in the 2014 NPHC. Of these clusters, 84 were in urban areas and 236 in rural areas. Urban areas were oversampled within regions in order to produce robust estimates for that domain. A total of 22 clusters were selected with probability proportional to size from the EAs covered in the refugee frame.

The second stage of sampling involved systematic selection of households. For the non-refugee areas, a household listing operation was undertaken in all of the selected EAs in November and December 2018, and households to be included in the survey were randomly selected from these lists. In the selected clusters for the refugee settlements domain, listing was undertaken immediately before fieldwork in those clusters. Twenty-eight households were selected from each EA, for a total sample size of 8,878 households. Because of the approximately equal sample sizes in each domain, the sample was not selfweighting at the national level.

Note: See Appendix A of the final survey report for additional details on the sampling procedures.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Three questionnaires—the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, and the Biomarker Questionnaire—were used for fieldwork in the 2018-19 UMIS. Core questionnaires available from the Roll Back Malaria (RBM) Monitoring and Evaluation Reference Group (MERG) were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Uganda. The modifications were decided upon at a series of meetings with various stakeholders from the NMCD and other government ministries and agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and international donors. The questionnaires were in English; UBOS arranged for translation into Luganda, Luo, Lugbara, Ateso, Runyankole/Rukiga, and Runyoro/Rutoro. The Household and Woman’s Questionnaires were programmed onto tablet computers, enabling use of computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for the survey. The Biomarker Questionnaire was filled out on hard copy and entered into the CAPI system when complete.

A fourth questionnaire, the Fieldworker Questionnaire, was adapted from The DHS Program’s standard questionnaire. It was completed by all fieldworkers in the 2018-19 UMIS; its purpose was to collect basic background information on the people who collect data in the field.

Cleaning operations

All electronic data files for the 2018-19 UMIS were transferred via ICF’s IFSS to the UBOS central office in Kampala, where they were stored on a password-protected computer. The data processing operation included registering and checking for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. Data editing and cleaning included structure and consistency checks to ensure completeness of work in the field. The central office also conducted secondary editing, which required resolution of computer-identified inconsistencies and coding of open-ended questions. The data were processed by UBOS staff who took part in the main fieldwork training and were supervised by senior staff from UBOS. The Census and Survey Processing (CSPro) System software package was used for data editing. Secondary editing and data processing were completed in February 2019.

Response rate

A total of 8,878 households selected for the sample in the main survey, 8,448 were occupied at the time of fieldwork. Among the occupied households, 8,351 were successfully interviewed, yielding a total household response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 8,389 women were eligible for individual interview, and 8,231 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%. In the refugee settlements, the household response rate was almost 100%, and the response rate among women was 99%.

Abstract

Employment of young people is good for sustainable development. Young people globally suffer higher unemployment levels and their jobs are characterised by lower pay and high insecurity than that of other age groups. Therefore, identifying the nature of employment challenge of the young people at country level is necessary for formulating evidence-based integrated policy interventions. The global jobs crisis has, further exacerbated the vulnerability of young people in terms of: i) higher unemployment, ii) lower quality jobs for those who find work, iii) greater labour market inequalities among different groups of young people, iv) longer and more insecure school work transitions, and v) increased detachment from the labour market. At the global level, these challenges are envisaged to be addressed through the 2015 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and at the national level through the Vision 2040 and the Second National Development Plan (NDP II).

To fulfil these policy strategies, countries can rely on the creativity and innivation of young people to deliver. It is, thus, important for government to provide a leadership role and commitment in providing a conducive environment for gainful employment. This can be achieved through collaboration with agencies such as trade unions, employers’ organisations, international community and the active participation of donors in supporting efforts by young people to make a good start in the world of work.

The “School-to-Work Transition Survey” (SWTS) was designed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and implemented for the first time in Uganda by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) in 2013 as one such collaboration. The second SWTS, undertaken by UBOS in 2015, was sponsored by a partnership between the ILO and The MasterCard Foundation through the Work4Youth (W4Y) Project. The W4Y Project entailed partnership with statistical agencies and policy makers of 34 low and middle income countries to undertake the SWTS and assist governments and the social partners in the use of the data for effective policy design and implementation.

All stakeholders including Policy makers, Academia, Civil Society Orgnaisations and the general public can use the results of SWTS to design and implement integrated policies in response to employment challenges faced by young people.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

The units of analysis for the SWTS 2015 were: individuals, households.

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), and all youth aged 15-30 years resident in the household

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The SWTS sample was designed to allow reliable estimation of key indicators for Uganda and rural-urban. A two-stage stratified sampling design was used. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were grouped by rural-urban location, then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). A total of 200 EAs (160 rural and 40 urban) were selected using the 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census Mapping Frame. For the 200 PSUs (EAs) that were selected from the 2014 PHC sampling frame, a household listing process was carried out to update the number of households in these EAs. At the second stage, 15 households per EA, which were the Ultimate Sampling Units, were drawn using Systematic Sampling. This gave a total sample size of 3,000 households. When determining the required sample size, the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design were taken into consideration. Basic information was gathered from all persons within the sampled households and the youth aged 15-30 years were filtered out for administration of the detailed questions.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The standard ILO SWTS questionnaire developed in 2013 was adapted to the national context based on the consultative process between the ILO and UBOS. The questionnaire was detailed in nature and collected information on personal information, family and household information, formal education/ training, activity history, working criteria, activities, and non working youth. A pre-test exercise was carried out before the finalization of the questionnaire.

Response rate

The actual fully covered sample for the SWTS was 2,712 households, with a total response rate of 90 percent. The response rate was slightly higher in rural areas (91 percent compared to urban areas (89 percent).

The individual SWTS questionnaire targeted all persons aged 15-30 years. A total of 3,198 individuals aged 15-30 years were found from the responding households. Completion of the individual interviews was successful with 3,049 individuals yielding an individual response rate (complete interview) of 95 percent with no marked differences observed by residence.

Data appraisal

The estimates were derived from a scientifically selected sample and analysis of survey data was undertaken at national and rural-urban levels. In a few cases, regional estimates have been provided. The Coefficients of Variation (CVs) of all indicators presented were low (about 10 or less). During the analysis, variables with at least 30 valid responses were deemed reliable enough to be presented given that the CVs were good. Consequently, some variables with fewer observations were merged into related groups to ensure that reliability is maintained.

Uganda County Boundary shape file -Admin Level 3: based on 2006 data provided by Ugandan Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), Government of Uganda. Agreed to share publicly and authorized by Geo-IM Working group chaired by UBOS and UNOCHA as Secretariat.

Instructions: uganda_county2006.zip

Abstract

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) has been carrying out an integrated household survey, popularly known as Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) every other year since the late 1980s. Through the UNHS, Uganda has very rich household time series data covering over 13 years. The data have been the main source of statistical information for monitoring poverty levels, trends and related welfare issues.

The UNHS 2009/10 was undertaken from May 2009 to April 2010 and covered about 6800 households scientifically selected countrywide. The survey was comprehensive and had six modules, namely; Socio-economic, Labor Force, Informal Sector, Community, Price and Qualitative modules.

The main objective of the survey was to collect high quality and timely data on demographic, social and economic characteristics of the household population to inform/monitor international and national development frameworks. The specific objectives of the survey were to: 1. Provide information on selected economic characteristics of the population including their economic activity status among others. 2. Meet data needs of key users such as Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development; Health; Education and Sports, etc.., and other collaborating Institutions like Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC); the Development Partners as well as the NGO community. 3. Generate and build social and economic indicators and monitor the progress made towards social and economic development goals of the country; and 4. Strengthen efforts being made in building a permanent national household survey capability at UBOS.

Geographic coverage

National

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Survey Design The UNHS 2009/10 sample was designed to allow reliable estimation of key indicators for the Uganda, rural-urban, and separately for ten sub regions. A two-stage stratified sampling design was used. At the first stage, Enumeration Areas (EAs) were grouped by districts and rural-urban location; then drawn using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). At the second stage, households which are the Ultimate Sampling Units were drawn using Systematic Sampling.

A total of 712 EAs representing the general household population were selected using the Uganda Population and Housing Census Frame for 2002. These EAs were allocated to the 10 sub-regions with consideration of the rural and urban areas which constituted the main domains of the sample.

Sample Size When determining the required sample size, the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design were taken into consideration. The UNHS 2009/10 covered a sample size of 6800 households.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

There are five questionnaires for the UNHS namely: (i) Listing questionnaire (ii) socio-economic Questionnaire (iii) Labour Force survey questionnaire (iv) Informal Sector Questionnaires (v) Community Questionnaire

Note that the informal sector survey questionnaires comprise 5 sets according to activity namely: (1) Livestock, poultry, bee-keeping, and fishing (2) Forestry (3) Mining, quarrying, and manufacturing (4) Hotels, lodges, bars, restaurants and eating places (5) Trade and services

Cleaning operations

A system of double data entry was utilized to ensure good quality data. Questionnaires were manually edited by five office based editors who were recruited to ensure consistency of the data collected. A computer program (hot-deck scrutiny) for verification and validation was developed and operated during data processing. Range and consistency checks were included in the data-entry program. More intensive and thorough checks were also carried out using MS-ACCESS by the data processing team.

Sampling error estimates

Household survey findings are usually estimates based on a sample of households selected using appropriate sample designs. Estimates are affected by two types of errors; sampling and non-sampling errors. Non-Sampling errors result from wrong interpretation of results; mistakes in recording of responses, definitional problems, improper recording of data, etc and are mainly committed during the implementation of the survey.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, arise because observations are based on only one of the many samples that could have been selected from the same population using the same design and expected size. They are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Sampling errors are usually measured using Standard Errors (SE). SE is the square root of the variance and can be used to calculate confidence intervals for the various estimates. In addition, sometimes it is appropriate to measure the relative errors of some of the variables and the Coefficient of Variation (CV) is one such measure. It is the quotient of the SE divided by the mean of the variable of interest.

The SE and CVs were computed using STATA software and they each take into account the multi-stage nature of the survey design. The results below indicate the SE and CVs computed for the selected variables in the report. The SEs and CVs are presented for national, regional and rural-urban levels.

Note: Detailed sampling error tables are available in the 2009-2010 UNHS final report.

Abstract

The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas and at providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing of national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: 1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information to the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production); 2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level and provide annual information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS); 3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante- and post-natal care, or assessing the effect of agricultural input subsidies; 4. To provide a framework for policy oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which will feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review; and 5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Starting in 2009/10, the UNPS has been set out to track and re interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 enumeration areas (EAs), selected out of the 783 EAs that had been visited by the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005/06. The UNPS EAs covered all 34 EAs visited by the UNHS 2005/06 in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the (i) Central Region with the exception of Kampala District, (ii) Eastern Region, (iii) Western Region, and (iv) Northern Region.

Within each stratum, the UNPS EAs were selected from the UNHS 2005/06 EAs with equal probability, and with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order), except for the rural portions of the ten districts that were oversampled by the UNHS 2005/06. In these districts, the probabilities were deflated, to bring them back to the levels originally intended. Since IDP camps were mostly unoccupied, the extra EAs in IDP camps were not a part of the UNPS subsample. This allocation strives for reasonably reliable estimates for the rural portion of each region, and for the set of urban areas out of Kampala as a whole, as well as the best possible estimates for Kampala that can be expected from a subsample of the UNHS 2005/06. Therefore, the UNPS strata of representativeness included (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Four questionnaires were used to collect the survey data. 1) Household Questionnaire 2) Woman Questionnaire, 3) Agriculture Questionnaire, (administered to the subset of UNPS households engaged in agricultural activities), and 4) Community Questionnaire

Abstract

The Uganda Government is faced with the challenge of elimination of child Labour in the Country. Child Labour contributes to a violation of the rights of Children to education and protection and it is putting at risk the country's progress by limiting the potential of its workforce. The Child Labour Baseline Survey exercise was carried out in three districts of Rakai, Mbale, and Wakiso districts. Lessons learnt will help to re-design Child Labour intervention programmes for the rest of the districts. In Uganda, a child is defined as someone below the age of 18 years. Generally speaking the term child Labour refers to involvement of children in the kind of work that is not allowed for them. When measuring Statistics on Child Labour two issues are considered, i.e;

(i) Age of the child;

(ii) The productive activities in which the child is involved, the nature and conditions in which activities are performed including the time spent in the activity.

The main objective of the 2009 child labour baseline Survey was to facilitate the measurement of the levels and nature of child labour in the focus districts. More than half of the population of surveyed districts is below 15 years of age. The proportion of child headship is low in all the districts. The proportion of paid employees and self employed is highest in Wakiso and lowest in Rakai district. Agriculture is the most dominant sector in which people are engaged followed by the trade sector. The purpose of the 2009 child labour Baseline Survey was to facilitate the measurement of the levels and nature of child labour in the focus districts of Rakai, Mbale and Wakiso. The specific objectives were:

(i) To collect information on the main characteristics of working children and those of the households they live in ( i.e. their demographic composition and details by age/ sex/ ethnicity/ marital status/disability status/orphan hood/ literacy and educational status/ classification by industry occupation and status in employment/ earnings and weekly hours of work/ location of work place/ reasons for not attending school/ reasons for working/ types of unpaid household services done and weekly hours performed/ etc);

(ii) To obtain information to support the analysis of the causes and consequences of children engaged in work, including household earnings and debt, perceptions of parents/ guardians/ children, and the hazards and abuses faced by children at their work;

(iii) To obtain (through FGDs and KIIs) information on

(a) the various forms of child labour prevailing in the districts, particularly on WFCL such as CSEC, street children, children engaged for illicit activities, and forced work by children (b) the underlying forces leading to the persistence of child labour especially the impact of HIV/AIDS, poverty, adult unemployment, OVC issue, and lack of proper schooling facilities; (c) Child trafficking (v) To provide policy makers, researchers and other stakeholders with a comprehensive information and a set of indicators on child labour to guide interventions;

(vi) To act as a basis for the creation of a long -term database on child labour in Uganda.

Geographic coverage

The Child Labour Baseline Survey (2009) was carried out in the districts of Rakai, Wakiso and Mbale.

Analysis unit

The Child Labour Baseline Survey 2009 had the following units of analysis: individuals, and households.

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members aged 5 years and above resident in the household, and all children aged 5 - 17 years resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

In order to achieve the objectives of the Child Labour Baseline Survey, the study targeted all households with children and communities in the focus districts. The Enumeration Areas (EAs) from the 2002 Population and Housing Census household counts were used as the sampling frame for each of the districts. Each EA was accurately and uniquely identified together with the number of households in it. Independent representative samples were selected from each of the districts using Population proportional to Size (PPS) with the number of households in the EA with children taken as a measure of size. A representative sample was selected from each of these focus districts. In order to ensure that reliable estimates are got for each district, EAs were distributed among the districts according to the measures of size. Allocation of EAs and households per district was as indicated below:

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Due to the need to have the child labour baseline survey records processed fast enough, this exercise started shortly after the commencement of fieldwork. The office editing/coding and data capture process for the survey took approximately 2 weeks. It involved double data entry which ensured that the accuracy of the captured data was checked in the second data capture routine hence increasing on its accuracy. After the data capture machine editing involving structural and consistency edits was carried out before data analysis. The data capture screen was developed using the CSPro (Census and Survey Processing) software.

Response rate

A total of 1,617 households were selected for the Child Labour Baseline Survey (CLBS) Sample. Out of these, 1,585 households were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 98 percent. A total of 4,431 children aged 5-17 years were listed from the selected households in the household schedule, of which 4,306 children successfully responded to questions about activity status. This gave a children response rate of 97.2 percent

Sampling error estimates

The CLBS 2009 was a sample survey and hence likely to be affected by sampling and non-sampling errors. The following was carrying out to minimize on errors at different stages of implementation: Using a standard child labour questionnaire adjusted to national requirements; Ensuring effective supervision during data collection and use of experienced interviewers; Supervising experienced staff used in the data capture process in addition to carrying out double data entry; Drawing the sample from complete frame of EAs with their corresponding number of households ( as distributed by district); Carrying on edits on the captured data before data analysis.

Annex 3 of the final report presents the standard errors, CVs and confidence intervals for selected indicators.

Abstract

The Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 1999/2000 aims to provide estimates of area and production of major crops and other characteristics of the agricultural enterprises at national, regional and to a limited extent, some district level estimates. In addition, the survey findings will provide insights to the effects of various Government policy measures and programmes at household and community levels. Moreover, the results would assist in addressing specific needs of different users and also to fill in gaps in the socioeconomic indicators for monitoring development performance.

The UNHS 1999/2000 covered all districts except Kitgum, Gulu, Kasese and Bundibugyo. The results therefore do not portray the situation prevailing in these districts. That notwithstanding, the estimates are generally representative of the prevailing situation in the country.

The specific objectives of the survey are as follows: - To plan, design and conduct a country-wide crop farming survey through the household approach. This will provide estimates of area and production of major crops and other characteristics of the agricultural enterprise at national and regional levels including district level estimates for some districts; - Integrate household socio-economic and LC 1 level community surveys in the total survey programme to provide an integrated data-set so as to understand the mechanisms and effects of structural adjustment programmes and other government policy measures on a comparative basis over time; - Meet special data needs of users such as the Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Early Childhood Development Project (NECDP), National Council for Children (NCC), and others, in order to monitor the progress and/or act as a base-line for their project activities and interventions aimed at improvement of child health and mother care; - Fill in gaps in the socio-economic data to serve needs of planning and building social and economic indicators to monitor the progress towards development goals of the country, and to consolidate efforts being made in building a permanent national survey capability in UBOS.

Geographic coverage

The UNHS 1999/00 covered all districts in the country, except the districts of Kitgum, Gulu, Kasese and Bundibugyo.

Analysis unit

• Individuals
• Households
• Communities
• Consumption expenditure commodities/ items

Universe

The survey covered the following populations: - All the resident population with the exception of the nomads, homeless, and refugees - Women aged 12 years and above - Children under 5 years

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling Design The sampling design adopted for the survey is similar to what was used for the Integrated Household Survey (IHS) 1992/93 and the subsequent monitoring surveys. It is typically a stratified two-stage sampling design except in some districts where the sample was selected in three stages due to lack of an Enumeration Area (EA) frame.

The first stage sampling unit was the EA of the 1991 Population Census in districts with two-stage sampling design, and households as the second stage sampling units. For districts with a three stage design, the first stage sampling units was the parish, while the second stage sampling unit was the LC 1 (village) and the third stage sampling unit is the household.

The survey included panel EA’s and panel households from the 1992/93 Integrated Household Survey as well as new EA’s and new households. In implementing this rather complicated design, services of a Survey Design Consultant were utilised.

Stratification The sampling frame is divided into fairly homogeneous strata in order to improve the efficiency of the sampling design. The first level of stratification is also designed to provide separate and reliable estimates of several parameters for the different domains of interest. In addition to national level estimates, separate estimates are desired for the urban and rural sectors of the statistical regions and 16 selected districts. All districts were sub-stratified into urban, other urban and rural areas (with the exception of Kampala, which is wholly urban). The district headquarters are designated as urban and other urban areas are the town boards, trading centres, etc. as defined during the 1991 Population Census.

To increase the efficiency of the domain estimates, a second level of stratification is created by dividing the domains into homogeneous strata and selecting samples from each stratification. Within the selected rural EA’s, households are classified as small scale farmers, large scale farmers and non-farming households (details stated under Listing below). It should be noted, however, that this stratification is not intended for the purpose of producing reliable estimates for each stratification separately, but only to increase the precision of the rural estimates.

Sampling Frame The sampling frame is made up of EA’s from the 1991 Population Census which were provided at district level with their corresponding number of households. Additionally, the IHS, 1992/93 provided the sampling frame for the panel EA’s and subsequently, the panel households.

Sample Size The size required for a sample is determined by taking into consideration several factors, the three most important being: the degree of precision (reliability) desired for the survey estimates, the cost and operational limitations, and the efficiency of the design.

In the case of UNHS 1999/00, cost and operational limitations allowed a maximum sample size of approximately 10,700 households.

The precision of survey estimates in a domain is a function of the sample size in the domain and the amount of variability among the population units in the domain. Since there are no available estimates of the variance of the different characteristics of interest within the domains for which similar levels of precision for the domains are desirable, a more or less equal allocation was used. Initially a total sample of 1,400 first stage sampling units were selected based on cost and efficiency. These comprised of a common panel from IHS of 637 first stage units selected by simple random sampling and a new independent sample of 773 first stage sampling units selected by probability proportional to the number of households from the Census frame.

Due to some constraints including late procurement of field vehicles, the sample size was reduced proportionately to about 1,100 first stage sampling units. The adjusted sample comprises of about 518 panel EA’s and 563 new EA’s.

Detailed information on the sampling procedure is available in 'Socio-Economic Report'

Sampling deviation

The UNHS 1999/2000 covered all districts in the country, except the districts of Kitgum, Gulu, Kasese and Bundibugyo. The report therefore has quantitative analysis exclusive of these four districts.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaires for the UNHS were based on the previous Household Survey Questionnaires with some modifications and additions. A household questionnaire was administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including duration of stay in household, relationship to household head, sex, age, literacy, marital status, activity status and orphanhood status. The household questionnaire also includes education, and health, characteristics of dwelling, past experiences of dwelling, and household consumption and non - consumption expenditure modules. Questions were also asked in each household for women aged 15-49 and children under age five. For children, the questions were answered by the mother or caretaker of the child.

Cleaning operations

A manual system of editing questionnaires was set-up in September 1999 (a month after commencement of fieldwork). A set of scrutiny notes to guide in manual checking was developed to assess the consistency of the data collected. This is referred to as cold-deck scrutiny. A computer program (hot-deck scrutiny) for verification and validation was developed and operated during data processing. In addition, a set of matching-rules for the panel households was developed in September 1999. These were straightforward by using four variables namely; name, sex, age and education of the head of household. The matching exercise as well as manual scrutiny was a continuous process, which was finally accomplished in September 2000.

Abstract

The 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) was designed to provide information on demographic, health, and family planning status and trends in the country. Specifically, the UDHS collected information on fertility levels, marriage, sexual activity, fertility preferences, breastfeeding practices, and awareness and use of family planning methods. In addition, data were collected on the nutritional status of mothers and young children; infant, child, adult, and maternal mortality; maternal and child health; awareness and behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections; and levels of anaemia and vitamin A deficiency.

The 2011 UDHS is a follow-up to the 1988-1989, 1995, 2000-2001, and 2006 UDHS surveys, which were implemented by the Statistics Department of Ministry of Finance and Planning, and later by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). The specific objectives of the 2011 UDHS were as follows: - To provide data at the national and subnational level that would allow the calculation of demographic rates, particularly fertility and infant mortality rates - To analyse the direct and indirect factors that determine the level of and trends in fertility and mortality - To measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice of women and men by method, by urban-rural residence, and by region - To collect data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS, and to evaluate patterns of recent behaviour regarding condom use - To assess the nutritional status of children under age 5 and women by means of anthropometric measurements (weight and height), and to assess child feeding practices - To collect data on family health, including antenatal visits, assistance at delivery, breastfeeding, immunizations, and prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases among children under age 5 - To measure vitamin A deficiency in women and children, and to measure anaemia in women, men, and children - To measure key education indicators, including school attendance ratios and primary school grade repetition and dropout rates - To collect information on the extent of disability - To collect information on the extent of gender-based violence

This information is essential for informed policy-making and planning, monitoring, and evaluation of health programmes in general and reproductive health programmes in particular, at both the national and regional levels. A long-term objective of the survey was to strengthen the technical capacity of the National Statistics Office to plan, conduct, process, and analyse data from complex national population and health surveys.

The 2011 UDHS provides national and regional estimates on population and health that are comparable to data collected in Uganda’s four previous DHS surveys and similar surveys in other developing countries. Data collected in the 2011 UDHS add to the large and growing international database of demographic and health indicators.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-54
• Children under five

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

Sample Frame The sampling frame used for the 2011 UDHS is the 2002 Population Census provided by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). The UBOS has an electronic file consisting of 48,715 Enumeration Areas (EAs) created for the 2002 Population and Housing Census. An EA is a geographic area consisting of a convenient number of dwelling units that serve as counting units for the census.

Sample Design The sample for the 2011 UDHS was designed to provide population and health indicator estimates for the country as a whole and for urban and rural areas separately. A representative sample of 10,086 households was selected for the 2011 UDHS. The sample was selected in two stages. In the first stage, 404 enumeration areas (EAs) were selected from among a list of clusters sampled for the 2009/10 Uganda National Household Survey (2010 UNHS). This matching of samples was done to allow linking of the 2011 UDHS health indicators to poverty data from the 2010 UNHS. The clusters in the UNHS were selected from the 2002 Population Census sample frame.

In the second stage of sampling, households in each cluster were selected from a complete listing of households, which was updated prior to the survey. Households were purposively selected from those listed. All households in the 2010 UNHS that were in the 404 EAs were included in the UDHS sample.

All women age 15-49 who were either permanent residents of the households or visitors who slept in the households the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. In addition, in a subsample of one-third of households selected for the survey, all men age 15-54 were eligible to be interviewed if they were either permanent residents or visitors who slept in the household on the night before the survey. An additional sample was selected for administration of the Maternal Mortality Module.

Note: See Appendix A (in final survey report) for the details of the sample design.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

Four types of questionnaires were used in the 2011 UDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, the Maternal Mortality Questionnaire, and the Man’s Questionnaire. These questionnaires were adapted from model survey instruments developed by ICF for the MEASURE DHS project and by UNICEF for the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) project. The intent was to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Uganda. Questionnaires were discussed at a series of meetings with various stakeholders, ranging from government ministries and agencies to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and development partners. The questionnaires were translated into seven major languages: Ateso, Ngakarimojong, Luganda, Lugbara, Luo, Runyankole-Rukiga, and Runyoro-Rutoro.

The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors who spent the previous night in the selected households. Basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed, including his or her age, sex, education, relationship to the head of the household, and disability status. For children under age 18, survival status of the parents was determined. Data on the age and sex of household members were used to identify women and men eligible for an individual interview. In addition, the Household Questionnaire collected information on characteristics of the household’s dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor of the house, ownership of various durable goods, and ownership and use of mosquito bednets.

The Woman’s Questionnaire was used to collect information from all eligible women age 15-49. The eligible women were asked questions on the following topics: - Background characteristics (age, education, media exposure, etc.) - Birth history and childhood mortality - Knowledge and use of family planning methods - Fertility preferences - Antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care - Breastfeeding and infant feeding practices - Vaccinations and childhood illnesses - Marriage and sexual activity - Woman’s work and husband’s background characteristics - Awareness and behaviour regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) - Adult mortality, including maternal mortality - Knowledge of tuberculosis and other health issues - Gender-based violence

The Maternal Mortality Questionnaire was administered to all eligible women age 15-49 in 35 additional households in 394 out of 404 EAs. It collected data on maternal mortality using the Sibling Survival Module (commonly referred to as the ‘Maternal Mortality Module’).

The Man’s Questionnaire was administered to all eligible men age 15-54 years in every third household in the 2011 UDHS sample. The Man’s Questionnaire collected information similar to that in the Woman’s Questionnaire but was shorter because it did not contain a detailed reproductive history or questions on maternal and child health.

Cleaning operations

Questionnaire data were entered in the field by the field editors on each team and the files were periodically sent to the UBOS office by internet. All the paper questionnaires were also returned to UBOS headquarters in Kampala for data processing, which consisted of office editing, coding of open-ended questions, a second data entry, and finally, editing computer-identified errors. The data were processed by a team of eight data entry operators, two office editors, and one data entry supervisor. Data entry and editing were accomplished using CSPro software. The processing of data was initiated in August 2011 and completed in January 2012.

Response rate

A total of 10,086 households were selected for the sample, of which 9,480 were found to be occupied during data collection. Of these, 9,033 households were successfully interviewed, giving a household response rate of 95 percent.

Of the 9,247 eligible women identified in the selected households, interviews were completed with 8,674 women, yielding a response rate of 94 percent for women.

Of the 2,573 eligible men identified in the selected subsample of households for men, 2,295 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 89 percent for men.

Response rates were higher in rural than in urban areas, with the rural-urban difference being more pronounced among men (92 and 82 percent, respectively) than among women (95 and 91 percent, respectively).

Note: See summarized response rates by residence

Abstract

The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas; and providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include:

1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information for the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production);

2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level as well as information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates annually; to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS);

3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante-natal and post-natal care, and assess the effect of subsidies on agricultural inputs among others;

4. To provide a framework for policy oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review; and

5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

The study describes (including but not limited to):

• Household

• Individual

• Parcel

• Plot

• Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The UNPS is carried out over a twelve-month period (a “wave”) on a nationally representative sample of households, for the purpose of accommodating the seasonality associated with the composition of and expenditures on consumption. The survey is conducted in two visits in order to better capture agricultural outcomes associated with the two cropping seasons of the country. The UNPS therefore interviews each household twice in a year, in visits approximately six months apart.

In 2009/10, the UNPS set out to track and interview 3,123 households that were distributed over 322 Enumeration Areas (EAs), selected out of 783 EAs that had been visited during the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) in 2005/06. The distribution of the EAs covered by the 2009/10 UNPS was such that it included all 34 EAs in Kampala District, and 72 EAs (58 rural and 14 urban) in each of the other regions i.e. Central excluding Kampala, Eastern, Western and Northern which make up the strata.

Within each stratum, the EAs were selected with equal probability with implicit stratification by urban/rural and district (in this order). However, the probabilities of selection for the rural portions of ten districts that had been oversampled by the UNHS 2005/06 were adjusted accordingly. Since most IDP (Internally Displaced People) camps in the Northern region are currently unoccupied, the EAs that constituted IDP camps were not part of the UNPS sample. This allocation allows for reliable estimates at the national, rural-urban and regional levels i.e. at level of strata representativeness which includes: (i) Kampala City, (ii) Other Urban Areas, (iii) Central Rural, (iv) Eastern Rural, (v) Western Rural, and (vi) Northern Rural.

In the UNPS 2010/11, the concept of Clusters instead of EAs was introduced. A cluster represents a group of households that are within a particular geographical area up to parish level. This was done due to split-off households that fell outside the selected EAs but could still be reached and interviewed if they still resided within the same parish as the selected EA. Consequently, in each subsequent survey wave, a subset of individuals was selected for tracking.

The UNPS is part of the long term Census and Household Survey Program hence questionnaires and the timing of data collection are coordinated with the current surveys and census implemented by UBOS.

SAMPLE REFRESH

Starting with the UNPS 2013/14 (Wave 4) fieldwork, one third of the initial UNPS sample was refreshed with the intention to balance the advantages and shortcomings of panel surveys. Each new household will be visited for three consecutive waves, while baseline households will have a longer history of five or six years, given the start time of the sample refresh. This same sample was used for the UNPS 2015/16 (Wave 5)

Once a steady state is reached, each household will be visited for three consecutive years, and at any given time one third of the households will be new, one third will be visited for the second time, and one third for the third (and last) time. The total sample will never be too different from a representative cross-section of the country, yet two-thirds of it will be a panel with a background of a year or two.

New households were identified using the updated sample frames developed by the UBOS in 2013 as part of the preparations for the 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The UNPS had six questionnaires namely: Household Questionnaire; Woman Questionnaire; Agriculture & Livestock Questionnaire; Fisheries Questionnaire; Community Questionnaire and Market Questionnaire. Each of these questionnaires is divided into a number of sections and the number of questions in each section varies accordingly.

It should be noted that in 2013/14, 2015/16 and 2018/19, all questionnaires were administered using the CAPI software except the Fisheries and Market Questionnaires which were not administered.

Abstract

Since 1995, the NMCP and its partners have been scaling up malaria interventions in all parts of the country. To determine the progress made in malaria control and prevention in Uganda, the 2009 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) was designed to provide data on key malaria indicators, including mosquito net ownership and use, as well as prompt treatment using ACT.

The key objectives of the 2009 UMIS were to: • Measure the extent of ownership and use of mosquito bed nets • Assess coverage of the intermittent preventive treatment programme for pregnant women • Identify practices used to treat malaria among children under age 5 and the use of specific antimalarial medications • Measure the prevalence of malaria and anaemia among children age 0-59 months • Determine the species of plasmodium parasite most prevalent in Uganda • Assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding malaria in the general population

Methodology of The Uganda Lalaria Indicatior Survey The 2009 UMIS was carried out during November and December 2009, using a nationally representative sample of 4,760 households in 170 census enumeration areas. All women age 15-49 years in these households were eligible for individual interviews, during which they were asked questions about malaria prevention during pregnancy and treatment of childhood fevers. In addition, the survey included testing for anaemia and malaria among children age 0-59 months using finger (or heel) prick blood samples. Test results for anaemia (using the HemoCue portable machine) and malaria (using malaria RDT) were available immediately and were provided to the children’s parents or guardians. Thick and thin blood smears were also made in the field and transported to the Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project Molecular Laboratory at the Mulago Hospital in Kampala where they were tested for the presence of malaria parasites and where the species of plasmodium parasite was determined.

Survey Organization The 2009 UMIS was implemented by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and the Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project (UMSP) on behalf of the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). UBOS was responsible for general administrative management of the survey, including overseeing the day-to-day operations, designing the survey, and processing the data. UBOS assisted NMCP in the design of the UMIS, especially in the area of sample design and selection. In this regard, they provided the necessary maps and lists of households in the selected sample points. NMCP took primary responsibility for organizing the Technical Working Group, developing the survey protocol, and ensuring its approval by the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology prior to the data collection. Also, NMCP helped UBOS recruit, train, and monitor field staff and provided the medicines to treat children who tested positive for malaria during the survey.

The Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project (UMSP) Molecular Laboratory at the Mulago Hospital complex in Kampala trained field technicians and implemented the microscopic reading of the malaria slides to determine malaria parasite infection.

Technical assistance was provided by ICF Macro. ICF Macro staff assisted with overall survey design, sample design, questionnaire design, field staff training, field work monitoring, collection of biomarkers (anaemia testing, rapid diagnostic testing for malaria, and making and reading blood smears), data processing, data analysis, and report preparation.

Financial support for the survey was provided by the U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Women age 15-49

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design The 2009 UMIS survey was designed to provide national, regional, urban, and rural estimates of key malaria indicators. The sample was stratified into 9 survey regions of the country, plus Kampala. Each of the nine regions consisted of 8 to 10 contiguous administrative districts of Uganda that share similar languages and cultural characteristics. Kampala district, because it had a unique character as an entirely urban district and also was the capital city of Uganda, comprised a separate region. The 10 regions contained the following districts: 1. North East region: Kotido, Abim, Kaabong, Moroto, Nakapiripirit, Katakwi, Amuria, Bukedea, Soroti, Kumi, and Kaberamaido 2. Mid Northern region: Gulu, Amuru, Kitgum, Pader, Apac, Oyam, Lira, Amolatar, and Dokolo 3. West Nile region: Moyo, Adjumani, Yumbe, Arua, Koboko, Nyadri, and Nebbi 4. Mid Western region: Masindi, Buliisa, Hoima, Kibaale, Bundibugyo, Kabarole, Kasese, Kyenjojo, and Kamwenge 5. South Western region: Bushenyi, Rukungiri, Kanungu, Kabale, Kisoro, Mbarara, Ibanda, Isingiro, Kiruhura, and Ntungamo 6. Mid- Eastern region: Kapchorwa, Bukwa, Mbale, Bududa, Manafwa, Tororo, Butaleja, Sironko, Pallisa, Budaka, and Busia 7. Central 1 region: Kalangala, Masaka, Mpigi, Rakai, Lyantonde, Sembabule, and Wakiso 8. Central 2 region: Kayunga, Kiboga, Luwero, Nakaseke, Mubende, Mityana, Mukono, and Nakasongola 9. East Central region: Jinja, Iganga, Namutumba, Kamuli, Kaliro, Bugiri, and Mayuge 10. Kampala: Kampala

The sample was not spread geographically in proportion to the population, but rather equally across the regions, with 17 sample points or clusters per region. As a result, the UMIS sample is not selfweighting at the national level, and sample weighting factors have been applied to the survey records in order to bring them into proportion.

The survey utilized a two-stage sample design. The first stage involved selecting sample points or clusters from a list of enumeration areas (EAs) covered in the 2002 Population Census. A total of 170 clusters (26 urban and 144 rural) with probability proportional to size were selected. Several months prior to the main survey, a complete listing of all households in the 170 selected clusters was carried out. This provided a sampling frame from which households were then selected for the survey. The second stage of selection involved the systematic sampling of households from the list of households in each cluster. Twenty-eight households were selected in each cluster.

All women age 15-49 years who were either permanent residents of the households in the sample or visitors present in the household on the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed in the survey. All children age 0-59 months who were listed in the household were eligible for the anaemia and malaria testing component of the survey.

Note: See detailed sampling information in APPENDEX A of the 2009 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used in the UMIS: a Household Questionnaire and a Woman’s Questionnaire for all women age 15-49 in the selected households. Both instruments were based on the standard Malaria Indicator Survey Questionnaires developed by the Roll Back Malaria and DHS programmes. In consultation with the Technical Working Group, NMCP and ICF Macro staff modified the model questionnaires to reflect issues relevant to malaria in Uganda. The questionnaires were translated into the 6 major local languages commonly spoken in Uganda (Ateso-Karamojong, Luganda, Lugbara, Luo, Runyankore-Rukiga, and Runyoro-Rutoro).

The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Some basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed, including age, sex, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women who are eligible for the individual interview and children who are age 0-59 months for anaemia and malaria testing. The Household Questionnaire also collected information on characteristics of the household's dwelling unit, such as the source of water; type of toilet facilities; materials used for the floor, roof, and walls of the house; ownership of various durable goods; and ownership and use of mosquito nets. In addition, this questionnaire was used to record consent and results with regard to the anaemia and malaria testing of young children.

The Woman’s Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49 years and covered the following topics: • Background characteristics (age, residential history, education, literacy, and dialect) • Full reproductive history and child mortality • Antenatal care and preventive malaria treatment for most recent birth • Prevalence and treatment of fever among children under age 5 • Knowledge about malaria (causes, ways to avoid, types of medicines, and so on).

The questionnaires and process of biomarker collection were pretested prior to the main data collection. The pretest involved 12 interviewers and 12 health technicians/nurses (2 for each of the 6 local languages into which the questionnaires were translated). The interviewers were trained for five days and collected data in the six languages for three days in areas close to Kampala. The purpose of the pretest was to assess the appropriateness of the wording of the questions as well as to verify the translations and skip patterns.

Cleaning operations

The processing of the UMIS questionnaire data began soon after the fieldwork commenced. Completed questionnaires were returned periodically from the field to the UBOS office in Kampala, where they were coded by data processing personnel recruited and trained for this task. The data processing staff consisted

Uganda has experienced strong economic growth over the past two decades and has made great strides towards improving the quality of life and access to services. In order to continue to promote pro-poor economic growth, the Government of Uganda (GoU) developed the National Development Plan (NDP) and a Joint Budget Support strategy as part of the implementation of the National Development Strategy (NDS). Uganda recognizes the need for adequate data collection to effectively monitor outcomes of the National Development Strategy (NDS). For this purpose, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) implemented the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) program, with financial and technical support from the Government of Netherlands, and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) project. The 2005-2009/10 Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) is the first "panel" survey done by the LSMS group. The households included were chosen from the 2005-06 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS). The sample One of the primary uses of the UNPS is to inform policymaking in advance of the Budget, through descriptive reports that are made ready in time for the initial work on sector budget framework papers. Survey Objectives The UNPS aimed at producing annual estimates of outcomes and output in the key policy areas and at providing a platform for the experimentation and assessment of national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: The UNPS aims at producing annual estimates in key policy areas and at providing a platform for experimenting with and assessing of national policies and programs. Explicitly, the objectives of the UNPS include: 1. To provide information required for monitoring the National Development Strategy, of major programs such as National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) and General Budget Support, and also to provide information to the compilation of the National Accounts (e.g. agricultural production). 2. To provide high quality nationally representative information on income dynamics at the household level and provide annual information on service delivery and consumption expenditure estimates to monitor poverty and service outcomes in interim years of other national survey efforts, such as the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS), Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) and National Service Delivery Surveys (NSDS). 3. To provide a framework for low-cost experimentation with different policy interventions to e.g. reduce teacher absenteeism, improve ante- and post-natal care, or assessing the effect of agricultural input subsidies. 4. To provide a framework for policy-oriented analysis and capacity building substantiated with the UGDR and support to other research which will feed into the Annual Policy Implementation Review. 5. To facilitate randomized impact evaluations of interventions whose effects cannot currently be readily assessed through the existing system of national household surveys.

Abstract

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the Ministry of Gender Labour and Social development implemented a household based Urban Labour Force Survey (ULFS) in 2009. The need to have detailed and updated information on the Labour Market necessitated the undertaking of this survey. The survey was undertaken in “greater Kampala” area comprising of Kampala district and parts of Wakiso and Mukono districts. The ULFS was specifically designed to provide key indicators of the labour market such as unemployment rates, underemployment rates, informal employment, employment in the informal sector, hours of work, labour under utilization etc. During the design of the survey considerable technical assistance was received from the World Bank GDDS project.

The specific objectives of the Urban Labour Force Survey 2009 were:

(i) To determine the size, composition and distribution of the Labour Force in “greater Kampala” area;

(ii) To determine the level of unemployment, under employment, informal employment, employment in the informal sector and related labour market indicators in the survey area;

(iii) To determine the participation of special groups of the population especially women and youths in the labour force in the study area.

Geographic coverage

The survey was undertaken in “greater Kampala” area comprising of Kampala district and parts of Wakiso and Mukono districts.

Analysis unit

The Urban Labour Force Survey 2009 had the following units of analysis: individuals and households.

Universe

The survey covered all the working age population aged 14-64 years resident in the household, and all the population below and above the working age.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

For the Urban labour force Survey, a two-stage stratified random sampling design was used. A total of 100 Enumeration Areas (EAs) was deemed sufficient to enable generate reliable estimates for both Kampala district (70 EAs) and other urban (30 EAs). A list of EAs and the corresponding number of households in each EA according to the 2002 population and housing Census was used and Enumeration Areas were selected using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). The number of households in each EA taken as a measure of size.

The interviewers compiled an updated list of the households in the selected enumeration areas. From the household list of each EAs, 10 households were randomly selected and interviewed.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Response rate

The overall response rate was 76 percent which was good enough considering the problems of collecting data in urban areas especially Kampala. The responses in the other urban areas were higher than that of Kampala.

Abstract

The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 7,246 women age 15-49 and 1,962 men age 15-54. The main purpose of the 2000-2001 UDHS is to provide policy-makers and programme managers with detailed information on fertility; family planning; childhood and adult mortality; maternal and child health and nutrition; and knowledge of, attitudes about, and practices related to HIV/AIDS. The 2000-2001 UDHS is the third national sample survey of its kind to be undertaken in Uganda. The first survey was implemented in 1988-1989 and was followed by the 1995 UDHS. Caution needs to be exercised when analysing trends using the three UDHS data sets because of some differences in geographic coverage.

The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) was designed to provide information on demographic, health, and family planning status and trends in the country. Specifically, the UDHS collected information on fertility levels, marriage, sexual activity, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, and breastfeeding practices. In addition, data were collected on the nutritional status of mothers and young children; infant, child, adult, and maternal mortality; maternal and child health; awareness and behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections; and levels of haemoglobin and vitamin A in the blood.

The 2000-2001 UDHS is a follow-up to the 1988-1989 and 1995 UDHS surveys, which were also implemented by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS, previously the Department of Statistics). The 2000-2001 UDHS is significantly expanded in scope but also provides updated estimates of basic demographic and health indicators covered in the earlier surveys.

The specific objectives of the 2000-2001 UDHS are as follows: - To collect data at the national level that will allow the calculation of demographic rates, particularly the fertility and infant mortality rates - To analyse the direct and indirect factors that determine the level and trends in fertility and mortality - To measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice of women and men by method, by urban-rural residence, and by region - To collect data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS, and to evaluate patterns of recent behaviour regarding condom use - To assess the nutritional status of children under age five and women by means of anthropometric measurements (weight and height), and to assess child feeding practices - To collect data on family health, including immunisations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery, and breastfeeding - To measure levels of haemoglobin and vitamin A in the blood of women and children - To collect information on the extent of child labour.

Geographic coverage

The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey. But it was not possible to cover all 45 districts in the country because of security problems in a few areas. The survey was hence limited to 41 out of the then 45 districts in the country, excluding the districts of Kasese and Bundibugyo in the Western Region and Gulu and Kitgum in the Northern Region. These districts cover approximately 5 percent of the total population.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-54
• Children under five

Universe

The population covered by the 2000 UDHS is defined as the universe of all women age 15-49 in Uganda and all men age 15-54.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The sample was drawn through a two-stage design. The first-stage sample frame for this survey is the list of enumeration areas (EAs) compiled from the 1991 Population Census. In this frame, the EAs are grouped by parish within a subcounty, by subcounty within a county, and by county within a district. A total of 298 EAs (102 in urban areas and 196 in rural areas) were selected. Urban areas and districts included in the Delivery of Improved Services for Health (DISH) project and the Community Reproductive Health Project (CREHP) were oversampled in order to produce estimates for these segments of the population.

Within each selected EA, a complete household listing was done to provide the basis for the second-stage sampling. The number of households to be selected in each sampled EA was allocated proportionally to the number of households in the EA.

It was not possible to cover all districts in the country because of security problems in a few areas. The survey was hence limited to 41 out of the then 45 districts in the country,1 excluding the districts of Kasese and Bundibugyo in the Western Region and Gulu and Kitgum in the Northern Region. These districts cover approximately 5 percent of the total population.

The sample for the 2000-2001 UDHS was aimed at providing reliable estimates of important indicators for the population of Uganda at the national level (less the excluded districts), for urban and rural areas, and for each of the four regions in Uganda defined as:

• Central: Kalangala, Kampala, Kiboga, Luwero, Masaka, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Sembabule, Nakasongola, and Rakai
• Eastern: Bugiri, Busia, Iganga, Jinja, Kamuli, Kapchorwa, Katakwi, Kumi, Mbale, Pallisa, Soroti, and Tororo
• Northern: Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Kotido, Lira, Moyo, Moroto, and Nebbi
• Western: Bushenyi, Hoima, Kabale, Kabarole, Kibaale, Kisoro, Masindi, Mbarara, Ntungamo, and Rukungiri.

The sample was also designed to generate estimates of contraceptive prevalence rates for the districts in the DISH project funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and districts in the CREHP project. These districts are grouped in six subdomains, namely, the following: - Group I: Mbarara and Ntungamo
- Group II: Masaka, Rakai, and Sembabule
- Group III: Luwero, Masindi, and Nakasongola
- Group IV: Jinja and Kamuli
- Group V: Kampala
CREHP districts:
DISH districts: Kabale, Kisoro, and Rukungiri.

In each group, a minimum of 500 completed interviews with women was targeted to allow for separate estimates. Consequently, data for Kampala District can be presented separately because it has more than the specified minimum number of completed interviews.

The 2000-2001 UDHS covered the same EAs as were covered by the 1995 UDHS. However, a new list of households within the EA was compiled and the sample households were not necessarily the same as those selected in 1995. In the case of the CREHP districts (Kabale, Kisoro and Rukungiri), five extra EAs were selected to generate a sample size sufficient to allow independent estimates. Because the 1995 and 2000-2001 UDHS did not cover the same geographical areas, the two surveys are not exactly comparable.

Details of the UDHS sample design are provided in Appendix A and estimations of sampling errors are included in Appendix B of the Final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

Three questionnaires were used for the 2000-2001 UDHS, namely, a) the Household Questionnaire, b) the Women's Questionnaire, and c) the Men's Questionnaire. The contents of these questionnaires were based on the MEASURE DHS+ Model “B” Questionnaire, which was developed for use in countries with a low level of contraceptive use. In consultation with technical institutions and local organisations, UBOS modified these questionnaires to reflect relevant issues in population, family planning, and other health issues in Uganda. The revised questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages, namely, Ateso, Luganda, Lugbara, Luo, Runyankole/Rukiga, and Runyoro/Rutoro.

The questionnaires were pretested prior to their finalisation. The pretest training took place from June 14 to July 8, 2000. For this exercise, seven women and seven men were trained to be interviewers, forming seven teams of one woman and one man each. Each team was assigned to test the questionnaires in one of the seven language groups (including English) into which the questionnaires had been translated. Three nurses were recruited to participate in the anemia testing exercise as health technicians. The pretest fieldwork was conducted during a one-week period (July 10-16, 2000).

a) The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors in selected households. Some basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed, including his or her age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. In addition, the Household Questionnaire collected information on characteristics of the household's dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor of the house, and ownership of various durable goods. It also included questions that were designed to assess the extent of child labour and that were used to record the height and weight and the hemoglobin level of women 15-49 and children under the age of five. In households selected for the male survey, the hemoglobin level of men eligible for the individual interview was also recorded.

b) The Women's Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on topics related to their background, childbearing experience and preferences, marriage and sexual activity, employment, maternal and child care, and awareness and behaviour

UN Women in partnership with UNFPA and UBOS commissioned a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey in Uganda’s four regions. The results are intended to provide policy and decision-makers with reliable evidence and information to design appropriate interventions that address the current needs of the population and influence policy and practice at all levels to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract

The 2003 Consolidated Expenditure and Motivation Survey provides baseline statistics on general characteristics of tourist visitors to Uganda.

The data from both surveys was combined to produce a single combined report. The strategy of combining the survey results was intended to provide more reliable statistics for reference in the five-year medium-term period.

One of the key findings of the survey is that in 2003 the country received a total of at least US dollars 265.35 million as tourist expenditures in the country, excluding all expenditures made abroad. Further analysis indicated that tourism contributed about 4.0 percent to the country's Gross Domestic product. The contribution to foreign exchange earnings of the country was 29.1 percent, excluding all donor financing and remittances of externalized manpower.

To guide planning and policy, five year (2004 -2008) forecasts of tourist arrivals and corresponding receipts have been made and included in this report.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered all international passengers departing from Entebbe International Airport, Malaba and Busia during the survey period.

Analysis unit

• Tourist/ Visitor

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The systematic sampling survey technique was used; and involved interviewing every 8th, 10th and 9th departing tourist at Entebbe Airport, Malaba and Busia, respectively. Error terms (desired precision) were fixed at 2 percent and 3 percent, for air and road transport, respectively. The lower error term of 2% was set for Entebbe because of the higher tourist traffic experienced there compared to the road traffic. A 95 percent confidence level was adopted during the survey design.

Sampling deviation

Systematic sample; no deviation from sample design

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Response rate

The combined total of 7735 respondents was realized. The three entry/exit points realized 4327, 1850 and 1558 respondents for Entebbe International Airport, Malaba and Busia, respectively.

Abstract

This data includes responses to Ground Truth Solutions' perception survey conducted in October 2019 with 1511 refugees in Uganda. Both South Sudanese and Congolese refugees who have received aid and support from humanitarian organisations in the last 12 months are included.

Surveys were conducted in Adjumani (Nyumanzi, Baratuku, Elema), Bidibidi (Zone 1 and Zone 3), Imvepi (Zone I and Zone II), Kiryandongo (Ranch 1 and Ranch 37), Palorinya (Belemaling, Chinyi, Morobi), Rhino (Zone 2 – Omugo, Zone 3 - Ocea), Kyaka II (Byabakora, Kakoni, Mukondo), Kyangwali (Kirokole, Maratatu A, Maratatu B), Nakivale (Base Camp), and Rwamwanja (Base Camp, Kaihora, Nkoma).

Overall, the refugees surveyed view their relations with Ugandan locals and aid workers positively, saying they feel welcome in Uganda and treated with respect by humanitarian workers. Building on this positive relationship, communication between aid providers and refugees could be more open and robust. Currently, just over half of the refugees interviewed say they are able to provide feedback to humanitarian staff, and only a minority is aware of what assistance they are eligible to receive. Around half of the respondents feel that aid is unfairly distributed.

Refugees consider the aid received insufficient to meet their most important needs, so it is perhaps not surprising that they are also pessimistic about achieving self-reliance. Less than a quarter feel that their life prospects in Uganda are improving. While a clear majority points to the need for livelihood opportunities to strengthen their sense of self-reliance, three-quarters of respondents say they lack access to such opportunities.

Almost everyone in our sample has been allocated land, and many consider it too small or not fertile enough, which is reflected in the high percentage of people (79%) who say they are dissatisfied with the land they have received. Refugees surveyed would appreciate more support from humanitarian actors when it comes to making decisions about returning to their countries of origin. Similarly, internal movement within Uganda and opportunities to migrate to a new country are areas in which refugees say they lack guidance from humanitarian agencies or other actors.

Analysis unit

Individuals and households

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

This survey is the third round of questions Ground Truth Solutions has asked in Uganda; the first round took place in 2017 and the second in 2018. As in previous rounds, respondents to the current round of questions have been selected randomly, but the respondents themselves are different from those in previous rounds. When designing the sampling strategy for this survey, we used the most recent figures for populations of refugees from the UNHCR refugee portal. Based on this data, we decided to focus on South Sudanese and Congolese refugees, as they made up 92% of all the refugees in Uganda at the time. Refugees from Burundi, Somalia, Rwanda, Eritrea, Sudan, and Ethiopia each made up 0-3% of the overall refugee population and were excluded from this study. This is not to say that the perspectives of more marginal groups are not important, but rather that gathering these perspectives was simply beyond the scope of our research in view of the geographical and time constraints involved. In terms of the locations selected, we decided to include Adjumani, Bidibidi, Imvepi, Kiryandongo, Kyaka II, Kyangwali, Nakivale, Palorinya, Rhino, and Rwamwanja (and to exclude Kampala, Lobule, Oruchinga, and Palabek), as over 90% of South Sudanese and Congolese refugees reside in these refugee settlements, according to UNHCR's most recent figures.

The actual sample size achieved was 1,511 participants from 10 refugee settlements across Uganda, and the sample size in each settlement was proportional to the population size of the targeted communities within any given settlement. Using a confidence level of 95%, this sample size affords an expected margin of error of 3%.

Ground Truth Solutions co-led enumerator training and supervised data collection on the ground. Within each of the 10 selected settlements, we chose particular zones from which to collect data, and within these zones, we selected smaller village/cluster units. In selecting the zones, we grouped them into two or three tiers, depending on the population size within the given zones of the camp, and asked the data collection partner to select one zone from each tier in order to capture responses from differently sized areas. Within the zones, a GTS supervisor, in consultation with local leaders and actors on the ground, selected the villages/clusters based on several factors, such as when they were established, their distance from central points, and their population size.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Survey questions were developed to help understand refugees’ perceptions of the aid they receive, their relationship with humanitarian workers and the host community, and their future prospects. For the purpose of comparing this data with previous rounds, the questions in this round are phrased similarly to those in rounds one and two wherever possible. We consulted local actors and organisations in Uganda for feedback and input during the survey question design phase. Draft questions were also presented to UNHCR, the Assessment Technical Working Group (ATWG), the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), and the Office of the Prime Minister. Additional questions around voluntary repatriation, migration to a different country, and moving within Uganda were introduced this year in order to cover voluntary repatriation as the fifth pillar of the Office of the Prime Minister’s Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework. The team tested all the questions and translations with refugees before rolling out the survey.

Abstract

Prior to the conducting of the Uganda Census of Agriculture (UCA), 2008/09 two (2) other censuses had been conducted. The first CA was conducted during 1963/65. The Government of Uganda was assisted by FAO and the then Department for Technical Cooperation of the United Kingdom both of which provided international and census equipment to a varying degree. The second CA called the National Census of Agriculture and Livestock (NCAL) was conducted during 1990/91. It was funded by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and executed by FAO. Therefore the UCA 2008/09 formed the third CA in the history of census taking in Uganda.

Objectives of the UCA 2008/09: While the long-term objective of the UCA, 2008/09 was to have a system of Food and Agriculture Statistics (FAS) in place, the immediate objective was to collect and generate benchmark data needed for the monitoring and evaluation of the agricultural sector at all levels, through a nation-wide CA.

More specifically, the objectives of the UCA, 2008/09 can be stated as:

i) Provision of data on the social and economic factors of Uganda’s agricultural structure by inter-relating various characteristics of holdings e.g. size of a holding and by type of holding and factors such as fragmentation, land tenure, land utilisation, crop patterns, use of fertilisers and agro-chemicals, use of farm implements and machinery, farm population and labour force; ii) Provision of detailed agricultural data such as number of holdings, total area of holdings, basic pattern of land utilisation, area under crops and extent of irrigation; iii) Provision of a benchmark for improving the reliability of current agricultural statistics from annual surveys and administrative sources and for assessing future agricultural development; and, iv) Creation and strengthening of the national capacity in agricultural censuses and surveys taking.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The statistical unit was the agricultural holding (farm), defined as an economic unit of agricultural production under single management comprising all livestock kept and all land used wholly or partly for agricultural production purposes, without regard to title, legal form or size. Single management may be exercised by "an individual or by a household, jointly by two or more individuals or households, by a clan or tribe or a cooperative or government parastatals".

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

i. Sample design A stratified two-stage sample design was used for the small and medium-scale household-based agricultural holdings. At the first stage Enumeration Areas (EAs) were selected with Probability Proportional to Size (PPS), and at the second stage, households which were the ultimate sampling units were selected using systematic sampling.

ii. Sample size The sample size of 3,606 EAs was then allocated to 80 districts following power allocation in which samples are allocated to different strata with a view to obtain reliable district level estimates while maintaining the interest of the national level estimates.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The CA 2008/2009 comprised four separate forms (questionnaires):

(i) UCA form 2, the "Agricultural household and holding characteristics module" (ii) UCA form 4, the "Crop area module" (iii) UCA form 5, the "Crop production module" (iv) UCA form 6, for private large-scale and institutional farms.

There was no questionnaire for livestock, because livestock items were collected in the NCL 2008. All 16 core items recommended by FAO for the WCA 2010 were covered by the census questionnaire, namely;

0001 Identification and location of agricultural holding 0002+ Legal status of agricultural holder 0003 Sex of agricultural holder 0004 Age of agricultural holder 0005 Household size 0006 Main purpose of production of the holding 0007 Area of holding according to land use types 0008 Total area of holding 0009 Land tenure types on the holding 0010 Presence of irrigation on the holding 0011 Types of temporary crops on the holding 0012 Types of permanent crops on the holding and whether in compact plantation 0013 Number of animals on the holding for each livestock type 0014 Presence of aquaculture on the holding 0015+ Presence of forest and other wooded land on the holding 0016 Other economic production activities of the holding's enterprise

Cleaning operations

i. DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING There was concurrent collection and processing of the data. As soon as this was completed, the questionnaires were sent directly to the data processing centre, UBOS.4 CSPro was used for data processing, including data entry, editing and management of the information within a batch. MS Access and Visual Basic were used for general data management, while STATA was used for data editing and analysis and Microsoft Excel was used for tabulation.

ii. CENSUS DATA QUALITY Significant emphasis was placed on data quality throughout the exercise, from the planning stage to questionnaire design, training, supervision, data entry, validation and cleaning/editing. Standard errors and coefficients of variation for the main variables are presented in the UCA reports.

Response rate

93.5 percent response rate

Abstract

The agricultural sector is the most important sector of the Ugandan economy. Empirical evidence attests to this; for example the share of the agricultural sector to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is about 21 percent (at the then current prices). According to the Agricultural Module of the 2002 Population and Housing Census, the agricultural sector accounted for 73 percent of the total employment for the persons aged 10 years and above. In addition, 74 percent of the households had an agricultural holding. The long term vision of the Government of Uganda is to eradicate poverty and the strategies for this vision are defined in the then Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) which has been transformed into the National Development Plan (NDP).

The vision of PMA was to eradicate poverty through transforming subsistence agriculture to commercial agriculture. The whole process of transformation requires accurate and reliable agricultural data to monitor the progress made and inform policy and planning processes

Further, countries are focusing on the need to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) through their National Statistical systems. The World Census of Agriculture (WCA), 2010 was formulated with this in mind and specifically to monitor eradication of extreme poverty and hunger, achievement of Universal Primary Education, Promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women and ensuring environmental sustainability.

Within the framework of the FAO/World Bank Agricultural Statistics Assistance to Uganda, a Data Needs Assessment Study was undertaken in August 1999. One of the major findings was that the Agricultural Statistics System was fragile, vulnerable, un-sustainable and above all, unable to meet the data needs of users. A Census of Agriculture (CA) is major source to meet these demands.

Census taking in Uganda Prior to the conducting of the Uganda Census of Agriculture (UCA), 2008/09 two (2) other censuses had been conducted. The first CA was conducted during 1963/65. The Government of Uganda was assisted by FAO and the then Department for Technical Cooperation of the United Kingdom both of which provided international and census equipment to a varying degree.

The second CA called the National Census of Agriculture and Livestock (NCAL) was conducted during 1990/91. It was funded by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and executed by FAO. Therefore the UCA 2008/09 formed the third CA in the history of census taking in Uganda.

Preparatory activities An Agricultural Module was included in the Population and Housing Census 2002, to collect the data that would form a basis for constructing an up-to-date and appropriate sampling frame for a Uganda Census of Agriculture (UCA), 2004/05. A Pre-Test was conducted in 2002 followed by a pilot Census of Agriculture (PCA) which was conducted in 2003.

Lack of financial resources militated against conducting the UCA, 2004/05. During the Financial Year (FY) 2007/08 Government made a budgetary provision for conducting a census of agriculture.

The FY 2007/08 was mainly a preparatory year. As mentioned earlier, the plan had been to conduct a UCA during 2004/05, which did not take place. By 2008/09 (the census reference year), many changes had taken place and needed to be addressed. To this end, another Pre -Test was conducted in May 2008. Based on the findings from the Pre-Test, the UCA instruments had to be revised. Another very important factor for the instruments' revision was an input from the International Consultants (like FAO Statisticians). Other preparatory activities included arrangements to procure census equipment and transport as well as recruiting and training of Field Staff.

Objectives of the UCA.2008/09 While the long-term objective of the UCA, 2008/09 was to have a system of Food and Agriculture Statistics (FAS) in place, the immediate objective was to collect and generate benchmark data needed for monitoring and evaluation of the agricultural sector at all levels, through a nation-wide CA.

Geographic coverage

The Uganda Census of Agriculture 2008/09 covered all the 80 districts in the country as of July 2007.

Analysis unit

Agricultural households, Agricultural holdings

Universe

The Uganda Census of Agriculture 2008/09 was therefore planned to cover all the 80 districts at the time and collect data on various structural characteristics of agricultural holdings. Limited data on livestock variables was planned to be collected because comprehensive livestock data was to be collected in a Livestock Census, 2008.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

A stratified two-stage sample design was used for the small and medium-scale household-based agricultural holdings. At the first stage Enumeration Areas (EAs) were selected with Probability Proportional to Size (PPS), and at the second stage, households which were the ultimate sampling units were selected using systematic sampling.

For each of the sampled EAs, listing took place in the field and a number of filter questions (using Listing Module) were administered to determine eligibility (i.e., only the Households with Agricultural Activity would be eligible). Further, the eligible households were stratified into two strata namely, the small/medium holdings stratum and the Private Large-Scale holdings stratum.

On the other hand, district supervisors compiled separate lists of Institutional Farms and Private Large Scale Farms. These were to be covered on a complete enumeration basis.

During sampling, two (2) lists namely for EAs and PLS&IFs were used to identify possibilities of duplication and address them. If a PLS&IF was in both lists, it was deleted from the EA frame. However, if it was found only in the EA frame, it was left as part of the frame from which to sample. In other words, the List was not updated based on the information collected from the EAs sampled from the Area Frame.

The UCA2008/09 estimates were planned to be generated at national, regional and district levels. To achieve this, a sampling scheme of 3,606 EAs and 10 agricultural households in each selected EA, leading to 36,060 households was adopted.

In this design, an optimum number of households to be sampled per EA was determined on the basis of a suitable cost ratio (ratio of the cost per PSU to cost per SSU) and intra-class correlation, calculated from the Agricultural Module data from PHC 2002. For a cost ratio of 40 and intra-class correlation as 0.29, optimum number of households to be selected was obtained as 10.

The required sample size of EAs was selected from each district with probabilities proportional to size (PPS), using the systematic sampling algorithm described in Hansen, Hurwitz, and Madow (1953) while Agricultural Households were selected with equal probability systematic sampling procedure. The measure of Size (MOS) which was used for sample selection was the number of Agricultural Households determined from the 2002 PHC.

Sampling deviation

EAs where there was no enumerations due to insecurity: There were EAs which could not be listed or even enumerated due to insecurity , resistance by residents or nonexistent etc. These were in Moroto, Nakapiririt, Mubende, Kampala etc. Since there were no replicate EAs, the number of sampled EAs in those districts was lowered reducing the estimated number of EAs expected to give good results in those respective districts.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The principles of validity, optimization and efficiency which refer to ability for the questionnaires to yield more reliable information per unit cost; measured as a reciprocal of the variance of the estimate and enables objective interpretation of the results was followed. While costs involved man hours and money expended for data collection from sampled units, the design of questionnaires had to collect a minimum set of internationally comparable core data(indices) for Uganda, as enshrined in the pillars of FAO.

Cleaning operations

Data Processing monitored the data quality parameters and data quality team could continuously report to the field operations team who could make feed back to the DSs for improvement. Returned questionnaires were subjected to the following steps Coding, Data capture, Editing, Secondary Editing and Quality control.

Coding This involved making sure that all forms/questionnaires had correct geographical identification information and correct crop codes. The coding team reviewed the sampling of holdings within an enumeration area to see that only eligible/sampled holdings were actually enumerated.

Editing This involved the process of identifying inconsistencies within the data and removing them. At the beginning of UCA data processing, a set of editing rules and guidelines where developed by the data processing team with technical guidance from the subject matter specialists. Many of these were incorporated into the data entry application and others were left for the secondary editing stage.

Secondary Editing Errors that passed the data entry stage were subjected to the editing stage. This stage was meant to find inconsistencies within the data. It brought out problems that required subject matter specialists to resolve. To resolve most of such errors, consultations were made with the national supervisors, district supervisors, UBOS and MAAIF technical teams.

Response rate

The UCA2008/9 had several forms namely; Agricultural Households and holding Characteristics Module; Crop Area Module; Crop Production Module