Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Addis Ababa, Ethiopia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

This statistic shows the total population of Ethiopia from 2013 to 2023 by gender. In 2023, Ethiopia's female population amounted to approximately 64.21 million, while the male population amounted to approximately 64.49 million inhabitants.

Population, female (% of total population) in Ethiopia was reported at 49.9 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Population, female (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

This statistic shows the age structure in Ethiopia from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, about 39.37 percent of Ethiopia's total population were aged 0 to 14 years.

Abstract

Ethiopia hosts over 900,000 refugees, making it the sixth-largest refugee population in the world and the second-largest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most refugees are from South Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia, and Sudan, which have experienced some combination of long-running domestic conflict, border disputes with Ethiopia, recurrent drought, and other climate shocks. The national household survey of Ethiopia – Household Welfare Statistics Survey (HoWStat) – currently excludes displaced populations from its sample of households. We have little information on their socioeconomic outcomes and poverty levels compared to Ethiopians. The Socio-Economic Survey of Refugees (SESRE) aims at solving two existing problems: (i) gaps in data on the socioeconomic dimensions of refugees and (ii) gaps in analytical studies presenting the socioeconomic outcomes of refugees and hosts. Moreover, the SESRE serves as a feasibility study to include refugees in HoWStat’s data collection effort, including sampling, data collection, and analysis.

Geographic coverage

The SESRE covers all current major refugee camps: Eritreans, South Sudanese, and Somalis, as well as the out-of-camp refugees in Addis Ababa. In addition, the survey covers the respective host communities around the camps, including the host communities of Addis Ababa. Due to the conflict in the Tigray region of Ethiopia between 2020 and 2022, Eritrean refugees living in camps in Tigray could not be included in this survey.

Analysis unit

Household and individual

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample for this survey was 3,456 households from eight domains, with data was collected from 3,452 households. There are three domains for the three largest in-camp refugee groups—Eritreans, Somalis, and South Sudanese—three for host communities of these major refugee groups, and one for refugees and one for host communities in Addis Ababa. In all categories, a stratified, two-stage cluster sample design technique was used to select EAs and 12 households per EA, whereby the EAs were considered a Primary Sampling Unit and the households as the Secondary Sampling Unit. The SESRE is designed to estimate demographic, socioeconomic, welfare, and refugee-specific indicators of the eight domains.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire contains modules on: Sociodemographic, Jobs and Livelihood, Welfare and Equity, Aspirations, Social Cohesion, and Markets and Opportunities. The questionnaire is available for download.

Ethiopia ET: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data was reported at 1.040 Ratio in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.040 Ratio for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data is updated yearly, averaging 1.040 Ratio from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2016, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.040 Ratio in 2016 and a record low of 1.040 Ratio in 2016. Ethiopia ET: Sex Ratio at Birth: Male Births per Female Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births. The data are 5 year averages.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Weighted average;

Distribution of socio-demographic variables among HCWs at SPHMMC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(n = 439).

In 2022, there were close to 56 million people estimated as employed in Ethiopia. The number increased compared to the previous year, when around 53.8 million people were registered. Overall, employment in the country incremented in the period examined, dropping only in 2020.

Assumption used to calculate sample size by double population proportion using stat-calc of Epi-info.

Ethiopia National Food Consumption Survey was conducted to investigate the food consumption pattern of the Ethiopian population to provide evidence-based information for National Food Fortification programs. The survey population was drawn from households randomly selected to be representative of all nine regions (Afar, Amhara, Benshangul-Gumuz, Gambella, Oromia, Somali, Southern Nations Nationalities and People’s, Tigray, Harari) and the two city administrations of Ethiopia (Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa).

Socio-demographic profile of the respondents in pharmaceutical company of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023 (N=172).

Abstract

Survey based Harmonized Indicators (SHIP) files are harmonized data files from household surveys that are conducted by countries in Africa. To ensure the quality and transparency of the data, it is critical to document the procedures of compiling consumption aggregation and other indicators so that the results can be duplicated with ease. This process enables consistency and continuity that make temporal and cross-country comparisons consistent and more reliable.

Four harmonized data files are prepared for each survey to generate a set of harmonized variables that have the same variable names. Invariably, in each survey, questions are asked in a slightly different way, which poses challenges on consistent definition of harmonized variables. The harmonized household survey data present the best available variables with harmonized definitions, but not identical variables. The four harmonized data files are

a) Individual level file (Labor force indicators in a separate file): This file has information on basic characteristics of individuals such as age and sex, literacy, education, health, anthropometry and child survival. b) Labor force file: This file has information on labor force including employment/unemployment, earnings, sectors of employment, etc. c) Household level file: This file has information on household expenditure, household head characteristics (age and sex, level of education, employment), housing amenities, assets, and access to infrastructure and services. d) Household Expenditure file: This file has consumption/expenditure aggregates by consumption groups according to Purpose (COICOP) of Household Consumption of the UN.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Individual level for datasets with suffix _I and _L
• Household level for datasets with suffix _H and _E

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents).

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample Design The 1999/2000 Household Income, Consurnption, and Expendi.ture Survey covered both the urban and the sedentary rural parts of the country. The survey has not covered six zones in Somalia Region and two zones in Afar Region that are inhabited mainly by nomadic population. For the purpose of the survey, the country was divided into three categories . That is, the rural parts of the country and the urban areas that were divided into two broad categories taking into account sizes of their population. Category I: Rural parts of nine Regional States and two administrative regions were grouped in this category each of which were the survey dornains (reporting levels). These regions are Tigrai,Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Sornalia, Eenishangul-Gunuz, SNNP,Gambela, Flarari, Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa.

Category II: All Regional capitals and five major urban centers of the country were grouped in this category. Each of the urban centers in this category was the survey domain (reporting level) for which separate survey results for rnajor survey characteristics were reported.

Category III: Urban centers in the country other than the urban centers in category II were grouped in this category and formed a single reporting level. Other than the reporting levels defined in category II and category III one additional domain, namely total urban (country level) can be constructed by eombining the basic domains defined in the two categories. All in all 35'basie rural and urban domains (reporting levels) were defined for the survey. In addition to the above urban and rural domains, survey results are to be reported at regional and eountry levels by aggregating the survey results for the conesponding urban and rural areas. Definition of the survey dornains was based on both technical and resource considerations. More specifically, sample size for the domains were determined to enable provision of major indicators with reasonable precision subject to the resources that were available for the survey.

Selection Scheme and Sample Size in Each Category CategoryI : A stratified two-stage sample design was used to select the sample in which the primary sampling units (PSUs) were EAs. Sample enumeration areas( EAs) from each domain were selected using systematic sampling that is probability proportional to the size being number of households obtained from the 1994 population and housing census.A total of 722 EAs were selected from the rural parts of the country. Within each sample EA a fresh list of households was prepared at the beginning of the survey's field work and for the administration of the survey questionnaire 12 households per sample EA for rural areas were systematically selected.

Category II: In this category also,a stratified two-stage sample design was used to select the sample. Here a strata constitutes all the "Regional State Capitals" and the five "Major Urban Centers" in the country and are grouped as a strata in this category. The primary sampling units (PSUs) are the EA's in the Regional State Capitals and the five Major Urban Centers and excludes the special EAs (non-conventional households). Sample enumeration areas( EAs) from each strata were selected using systematic sampling probability proportional to size, size being number of households obtained from the 1994 population and housing census. A total of 373 EAs were selected from this domain of study. Within each sample EAs a fresh list of households was prepared at the beginning of the survey's field work and for the administration of the questionnaire 16 household per sample EA were systematically selected-

Category III: Three-stage stratified sample design was adopted to select the sample from domains in category III. The PSUs were other urban centers selected using systematic sampling that is probability proportional to size; size being number of households obtained from the 1994 population and housing census. The secondary sampling units (SSUs) were EAs which were selected using systematic sampling that is probability proportional to size; size being number of households obtained from the 1994 population and housing census. A total of 169 sample EAs were selected from the sample of other urban centers and was determined by proportional allocation to their size of households from the 1994 census. Ultimately, 16 households within each of the sample EAs were selected systematically from a fresh list of households prepared at the beginning of the survey's fieldwork for the administration of the survey questionnaire.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The Household Income, Consumption and Expenditure Survey questionnaire contains the following forms: - Form 1: Area Identification and Household Characteristics - Form 2A: Quantity and value of weekly consumption of food and drinks consumed at home and tobacco/including quantity purchased, own produced, obtained, etc for first and second week. - Form 2B: Quantity and value of weekly consumption of food and drinks consumed at home and tobacco/including quantity purchased, own produced, obtained, etc for third and fourth week . - Form 3A: All transaction (income, expenditure and consumption) for the first and second weeks except what is collected in Forms 2A and 2B - Form 3B: All transaction (income, expenditure and consumption) for the third and fourth weeks except what is collected in Forms 2A and 2B - Form 4: All transaction (expenditure and consumption) for last 6 months for Household expenditure on some selected item groups - Form 5: Cash income and receipts received by household and type of tenure. The survey questionnaire is provided as external resource.

Socio-demographic characteristics of mothers included in the study conducted at specific hospitals located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during the year 2022.

In 2024, the unemployment rate in Ethiopia did not change in comparison to the previous year. The unemployment rate remained at 3.4 percent. The unemployment rate refers to the share of the workforce that is currently not working but is actively searching for work. It does not include the economically inactive population, such as the long-term unemployed, those aged under 15 years, or retired persons.Find more statistics on other topics about Ethiopia with key insights such as youth literacy rate (people aged 15-24), number of children out of school, and Gender Parity Index (GPI) for gross enrollment in tertiary education.