IntroductionLinking free-text addresses to unique identifiers in a structural address database [the Ordnance Survey unique property reference number (UPRN) in the United Kingdom (UK)] is a necessary step for downstream geospatial analysis in many digital health systems, e.g., for identification of care home residents, understanding housing transitions in later life, and informing decision making on geographical health and social care resource distribution. However, there is a lack of open-source tools for this task with performance validated in a test data set.MethodsIn this article, we propose a generalisable solution (A Framework for Linking free-text Addresses to Ordnance Survey UPRN database, FLAP) based on a machine learning–based matching classifier coupled with a fuzzy aligning algorithm for feature generation with better performance than existing tools. The framework is implemented in Python as an Open Source tool (available at Link). We tested the framework in a real-world scenario of linking individual’s (n=771,588) addresses recorded as free text in the Community Health Index (CHI) of National Health Service (NHS) Tayside and NHS Fife to the Unique Property Reference Number database (UPRN DB).ResultsWe achieved an adjusted matching accuracy of 0.992 in a test data set randomly sampled (n=3,876) from NHS Tayside and NHS Fife CHI addresses. FLAP showed robustness against input variations including typographical errors, alternative formats, and partially incorrect information. It has also improved usability compared to existing solutions allowing the use of a customised threshold of matching confidence and selection of top n candidate records. The use of machine learning also provides better adaptability of the tool to new data and enables continuous improvement.DiscussionIn conclusion, we have developed a framework, FLAP, for linking free-text UK addresses to the UPRN DB with good performance and usability in a real-world task.

This is the User Guide for the National Statistics Address Lookup (NSAL) for Great Britain as at March 2017. The NSAL relates the Unique Property Reference Number (UPRN) for each GB address to a range of current geographies via 'best-fit' allocation from 2011 output areas. (File Size - 303 KB)

Our flagship address database, AddressBase® Premium gives you the most up to date, accurate information about addresses, properties and land areas. You'll be more efficient - making it easier and quicker to deliver a smooth service to your customers without postcode look-ups and address auto-completion for your websites. The insights to property life cycles you'll find within AddressBase Premium can give you all the information you need to shape the way you plan, operate and communicate with your audience. At scales of 1:10,000, AddressBase Premium has all the information you'll need to conduct risk analysis at the level of individual addresses and spot patterns hidden in your own data. AddressBase Premium contains current properties and addresses sourced from local authorities, Ordnance Survey and Royal Mail matched to the Unique Property Reference Number. It includes a range of information relating to an address or property from creation to retirement or demolition.

A comprehensive self-hosted geospatial database of street names, coordinates, and address data ranges for Enterprise use. The address data are georeferenced with industry-standard WGS84 coordinates (geocoding).

All geospatial data are provided in the official local languages. Names and other data in non-Roman languages are also made available in English through translations and transliterations.

Use cases for the Global Address Database (Geospatial data)

• Address capture and validation

• Parcel delivery

• Master Data Management

• Logistics and Shipping

• Sales and Marketing

Additional features

• Fully and accurately geocoded

• Multi-language support

• Address ranges for streets covered by several zip codes

• Comprehensive city definitions across countries

• Administrative areas with a level range of 0-4

• International Address Formats

For additional insights, you can combine the map data with:

• UNLOCODE and IATA codes (geocoded)

• Time zones and Daylight Saving Time (DST)

• Population data: Past and future trends

Data export methodology

Our location data packages are offered in CSV format. All geospatial data are optimized for seamless integration with popular systems like Esri ArcGIS, Snowflake, QGIS, and more.

Why companies choose our location databases

• Enterprise-grade service

• Reduce integration time and cost by 30%

• Frequent, consistent updates for the highest quality

Note: Custom geospatial data packages are available. Please submit a request via the above contact button for more details.

Our care homes database contains residential and nursing care homes, and includes valid care home email addresses by size and region.

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the United Kingdom as at February 2024 in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) and ASCII text (TXT) formats. This file contains the multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. To download the zip file click the Download button. The ONSPD relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It now contains 2021 Census OAs and SOAs for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It helps support the production of area-based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. (File size - 231 MB) Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

Click on the title for more details and to download the file. (File Size - 372 MB).

A list of central and local government land in England, which may not be registered with HM Land Registry (HMLR).

HMLR has created this dataset for the Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) by combining HMLR freehold polygon data with the public sector ownership data currently openly available from the Office of Government Property.

The dataset is not definitive or complete as not all central and local government data is captured, and/or available, and the two datasets are not held in the same format. The list is therefore indicative rather than definitive.

Intellectual Property Rights

The dataset includes address data processed against Ordnance Survey’s AddressBase Premium product and incorporates Royal Mail’s PAF® database (Address Data). Royal Mail and Ordnance Survey permit your use of Address Data:

• for personal and/or non-commercial use
• in relation to the analysis of public sector land and property.

If you want to use the Address Data in any other way, you must contact Royal Mail. Email

Address data

The following fields comprise the address data included in the dataset

• Property Name
• Street No
• Road
• Town
• Postcode

Explore the historical Whois records related to return-address.co.uk (Domain). Get insights into ownership history and changes over time.

Doorda's UK Geospatial Real Estate Data provides a comprehensive database of over 34 million addresses aggregated from 10 data sources, offering unparalleled geospatial insights for customer insights and risk analysis purposes.

Volume and stats: - 34M Addressable locations - 15M Exact Building Location - 9M derived Building Locations

Our Geospatial Real Estate Data offers a multitude of use cases: - Location Planning - Risk Analysis - Customer Insights - Data Augmentation - Market Insights

The key benefits of leveraging our Geospatial Real Estate Data include: - Data Accuracy - Informed Decision-Making - Competitive Advantage - Efficiency - Single Source

Covering a wide range of industries and sectors, our data empowers organisations to make informed decisions, uncover market trends, and gain a competitive edge in the UK market.

The 20,000+ registered companies with a registered address in Glasgow. The information is extracted from Companies House. It includes the company name, number, category (private limited, partnership), registered address, postcode, industry (SIC code), status (ex: active or liquidation), incorporation date... It is likely that some companies may just lie off Glasgow City Council's boundary. If you find a problem in the data, you can check the source either in the full UK list or by looking up a company or let us know. The data dictionary supplied by Companies House can be viewed here. There is also a data dictionary with field names and meanings contained in the resources. This dataset does not imply: - a partnership with Companies House - an endorsement by Companies House - a product approval by Companies House Licence: None glasgow-post-codes-py.txt - https://dataservices.open.glasgow.gov.uk/Download/Organisation/cc57ac4b-12d5-43b1-ad25-434638eec18c/Dataset/3093e34f-6dcb-4980-840b-965421c1b091/File/c2634107-bd43-4537-adb8-9046aeed844e/Version/c8fde78e-5396-4293-ac35-6f6c96a5d642

Doorda's UK Residential Real Estate Data provides a comprehensive database of over 34 million addresses sourced from 20 data sources, offering unparalleled insights for business intelligence and analytics purposes.

Volume and stats: - 34M Addressable locations - 6M Addresses linked to Commercial Owner - 24M Energy Performance Inspections

Our Residential Real Estate Data offers a multitude of use cases: - Market Analysis - Competitor Analysis - Lead Generation - Risk Management - Location Planning

The key benefits of leveraging our Residential Real Estate Data include: - Data Accuracy - Informed Decision-Making - Competitive Advantage - Efficiency - Single Source

Covering a wide range of industries and sectors, our data empowers organisations to make informed decisions, uncover market trends, and gain a competitive edge in the UK market.

Find UK addresses instantly online and be confident you're getting the most up-to-date information with our address API. Perform accurate geocoding and reverse geocoding with our secure, scalable, and resilient address look-up web service. Search by postcode, UPRN, full or partial address and ensure you get the right address first time. Keep your records accurate to provide effective citizen services. Our secure, scalable, and resilient address look-up web service, OS Places API lets you search the UK's most comprehensive online address database. With OS Places API, managing customer data is a breeze. Lightning-quick postcode and address search means your records are accurate and customer deliveries should always get to the right front door. When an incident happens, control room staff need to know which properties are closest. OS Places' GeoSearch tools give instant answers. This helps create the common operating picture that's vital for the emergency services.

This Special Licence Access dataset contains names and addresses from the Integrated Census Microdata (I-CeM) dataset for England and Wales for 1921. These data are made available under Special Licence (SL) access conditions due to commercial sensitivity.

The anonymised main I-CeM database that complements these names and addresses is available under End User Licence access: SN 9281, Integrated Census Microdata (I-CeM), England and Wales, 1921. See the catalogue record for 9280 for details on how to access the EUL data.

Further information about I-CeM can be found on the "https://www.campop.geog.cam.ac.uk/research/projects/icem/"> I-CeM Integrated Microdata Project and webpages.

File format

These data are available in delimited .txt format. Due to the size of the file, it has been zipped in '.7z' format to ease download delivery. The file can be easily unzipped using open-source 7-Zip software or similar packages. Users may need to take advice from their organisation's IT service.

Our NHS doctors database holds current medical and clinical specialists, and has valid doctors email addresses, for responsive clinical marketing and medical research.

The national address gazetteer brings together address information from local authorities and Ordnance Survey to create a ‘national address gazetteer database’, providing one definitive source of accurate publicly-owned spatial address data for the whole of the public sector. To deliver this, the Local Government Group and Ordnance Survey have entered into a joint venture partnership, ‘GeoPlace™’, from which address products have been created. It brings together local government’s address and streets gazetteers - the National Land and Property Gazetteer (NLPG), National Street Gazetteer (NSG) and One Scotland Gazetteer (OSG) - with all of Ordnance Survey’s addressing products - ADDRESS-POINT® and OS MasterMap® Address Layer and Address Layer 2. The national address gazetteer contains the existing unique identifiers and the definitive street name and number (generated by local authorities) with the postcode from the Royal Mail as well as a link to the map base from Ordnance Survey, through the OS TOID® and grid reference. The data contains the unique property reference number (UPRN) and unique street reference number (USRN) from the NLPG and OSG as the primary keys.

This Special Licence access dataset contains names and addresses from the Integrated Census Microdata (I-CeM) dataset of the censuses of Great Britain for the period 1851 to 1911. These data are made available under Special Licence (SL) access conditions due to commercial sensitivity.

The anonymised main I-CeM database that complements these names and addresses is available under SN 7481. It comprises the Censuses of Great Britain for the period 1851-1911; data are available for England and Wales for 1851-1861 and 1881-1911 (1871 is not currently available for England and Wales) and for Scotland for 1851-1901 (1911 is not currently available for Scotland). The database contains over 180 million individual census records and was digitised and harmonised from the original census enumeration books. It details characteristics for all individuals resident in Great Britain at each of the included Censuses. The original digital data has been coded and standardised; the I-CeM database has consistent geography over time and standardised coding schemes for many census variables.

This dataset of names and addresses for individual census records is organised per country (England and Wales; Scotland) and per census year. Within each data file each census record contains first and last name, street address and an individual identification code (RecID) that allows linking with the corresponding anonymised I-CeM record. The data cannot be used for true linking of individual census records across census years for commercial genealogy purposes nor for any other commercial purposes. The SL arrangements are required to ensure that commercial sensitivity is protected. For information on making an application, see the Access section.

The data were updated in February 2020, with some files redeposited with longer field length limits. Users should note that some name and address fields are truncated due to the limits set by the LDS project that transcribed the original data. No more than 10,000 records out of some 210 million across the study should be affected. Examples include:

• England and Wales:
  • 1851 - truncated at the 24th character (maximum I-CeM field length 95 characters)
  • 1881 - truncated at the 16th character (maximum I-CeM field length 50 characters).
• Scotland: for 1851‐71, truncations affect less than 0.01% of all addresses and for 1851 around 1% at most
  • 1851 - truncated at the 70th character
  • 1861 - truncated at the 76th character
  • 1871 - truncated at the 82th character
  • 1881 - truncated at the 50th character.

Further information about I-CeM can be found on the I-CeM Integrated Microdata Project and I-CeM Guide webpages.

The OS National Geographic Database (NGD) Address Theme provides a complete and definitive view of UK address data. It's designed to underpin a range of analytical use cases and provide the most detailed view of an address and its lifecycle. This table demonstrates the geographical extents of bus shelters in the West Midlands Conurbation area as polygons. This dataset is available to local authority partners. To request access contact the Data Insight Team.