Situs and mailing addresses of Cook County parcels. Used by the Assessor's office to mail assessment notices. As of 2017 mailing addresses in this dataset are no longer being regularly updated. We are trying to figure out a solution to this problem. When working with Parcel Index Numbers (PINs) make sure to zero-pad them to 14 digits. Some datasets may lose leading zeros for PINs when downloaded. Additional notes: Mailing addresses can be out of date or fail to properly reflect deed transfers. Newer properties may be missing a mailing or property address, as they need to be assigned one by the postal service. This dataset contains data for the current tax year, which may not yet be complete or final. Assessed values for any given year are subject to change until review and certification of values by the Cook County Board of Review, though there are a few rare circumstances where values may change for the current or past years after that. Rowcount for a given year is final once the Assessor has certified the assessment roll all townships. Data will be updated monthly.For more information on the sourcing of attached data and the preparation of this dataset, see the Assessor's Standard Operating Procedures for Open Data on GitHub. Read about the Assessor's 2025 Open Data Refresh.

Wake County address parcel centroid points, updated nightlyThe Parcel Address Points layer contains the address for each tax parcel, in the center of each tax parcel. For a full address dataset with points on structures and subaddresses, please see the Wake MAR Address Points layer.

This parcel layer contains the parcel's situs (physical) address maintained by the Planning Department.The parcel geometry provides a rough representation of tax parcels in relation to one another and to district boundaries. Parcels with multiple site addresses are represented by overlapping polygons.Contact Nevada County GIS for assistance.

This data set was developed to provide accurate framework data (including address points, street centerlines, land parcels, and governmental boundaries) for Indiana, as part of the Indiana Data Sharing Initiative (IDSI) of the Indiana Geographic Information Office (IGIO).This dataset is a polygon feature class that contains land parcels maintained by local government agencies in Indiana, provided by personnel of the Indiana Geographic Information Office (IGIO). These data were compiled by IGIO as part of the Indiana Data Sharing Initiative (IDSI) between Indiana Geographic Information Council (IGIC), Indiana Geographic Information Office (IGIO), Indiana Geological and Water Survey (IGWS) and participating Indiana local governments to provide the most accurate framework data (including address points, street centerlines, land parcels, and governmental boundaries) for the citizens of Indiana. The attributes have been expanded to now include parcel ID, dates of harvest from each government, property classification codes, property classification descriptions, street address information, and tax district ID numbers.

This is a comprehensive point theme that incorporates parcel ownership and address information, parcel valuation information and basic information about the land and structure(s) associated with a given tax assessment account. Data for the Parcel point theme are obtained from the State Department of Assessments and Taxation with added data from Maryland Department of Planning. The date the point was most recently published in Planning's data products MdProperty View and FINDER Quantum is contained in the mdpvdate field. The date of the most recent Assessments data linkage to MdProperty View/FINDER Quantum points is contained in the sdatdate field. Accounts deleted between those two dates are no longer represented as points. For more information on the attribute definitions please see the MdProperty View User's Guide, available for download at https://planning.maryland.gov/Pages/OurProducts/DownloadFiles.aspx . Please Note: Due to the extensive size of the parcel points file, download is recommended from the REST endpoint (https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/PlanningCadastre/MD_PropertyData/MapServer/exts/MDiMapDataDownload/customLayers/0)This is a MD iMAP hosted service layer. Find more information at https://imap.maryland.gov.Feature Service Layer Link:https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/PlanningCadastre/MD_PropertyData/MapServer/0**Please note, due to the size of this dataset, you may receive an error message when trying to download the dataset. You can download this dataset directly from MD iMAP Services at: https://mdgeodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/PlanningCadastre/MD_PropertyData/MapServer/exts/MDiMAPDataDownload/customLayers/0**

As Esri’s commercial partner for parcel data, Regrid invites you to enjoy this free tile layer of parcel boundaries covering 100% of the United States. Complete parcel attributes are also available from an integrated Data Store."I think it’s fantastic that this layer exists. It's really helpful for my staff to see parcel boundaries in a quick and accessible layer."- Kate Berg, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Manager | Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and EnergyVisit the Regrid Data Store for the ArcGIS User CommunityHassle-Free Parcel Data for Esri UsersWhen you click a parcel in the tile layer, you will see its address, size, and parcel ID number, along with a convenient link to purchase additional parcel attributes in The Regrid Data Store for the ArcGIS User Community. Once in the Data Store, you can purchase and download parcel files with attributes by the county and state for use in ArcGIS, as well as our add-on datasets like standardized zoning, matched building footprints, and matched secondary addresses.See regrid.com/esri for all of Regrid’s parcel products for the Esri ecosystem, including Feature Service delivery for ongoing parcel updates at scale.Key Features of Regrid's Parcel DataSourced & Standardized: Data combines authoritative public sources & third-party enrichments, aggregated, standardized, and matched by the Regrid team.158+ Million Parcel Records: Covering all 3,200+ US counties and territories.143+ Standardized Data Fields: Including geometry, ownership, buildings, secondary addresses, land use, and zoning.Universal Parcel ID & Placekey Location Identifier: Ensuring precise identification and integration.Detailed Attributes: Tax assessments, building counts, square footage, stacked parcels (condos), right-of-way, vacancy indicators and USPS deliverability. Comprehensive Coverage: 100% land parcel coverage across the US.Parcel Data Resources & DocumentationRegrid Data Dictionary / Parcel Data SchemaRegrid Coverage ReportParcel Data FAQsThank you to all the GIS professionals, state, county and federal officials, assessors, recorders, and public officials across the country who maintain the nation's parcel data and infrastructure.

This file contains address information for land parcels within The City of Calgary.

This is a comprehensive building address point layer for Pierce County, Washington. Every unique house number has a point located within the building footprint of the addressed structure (where possible). Multi-unit structures, mobile home parks, and buildings with the same street address are further identified by mailstop in the attribute table. Some vacant parcels may or may not have an assigned temporary address point. A permanent address will be assigned to a vacant parcel if a permitted structure is built on that parcel. Please read metadata for additional information (https://matterhorn.piercecountywa.gov/GISmetadata/pdbis_buildingaddress_public.html). Any use or data download constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Use (https://matterhorn.piercecountywa.gov/disclaimer/PierceCountyGISDataTermsofUse.pdf).

Application containing parcel, address, and zoning information for Sioux Falls, South Dakota.The City of Sioux Falls Parcel Finder provides access to interactive parcel and address information such as parcel id, owner name, legal description, land use, building photos, zoning, preliminary information, and more. In addition, Parcel Finder has the following features: Search by address, intersection, county parcel id, city parcel id, and owner name. Ability to select features. Selected features can be exported to a csv, or other file types. Layers in the layer list can be turned on and off, and reordered. The layer list, by default, contains the address layer that can be turned on to label the house/building number. Add data from the City of Sioux Falls data repository. Add data featuring Demographic and Lifestyle topics. Measuring tools are back! Drawing tools, allowing you to customize your map, suitable for printing. Expanding printing options.

Address points represent individual addressed locations as determined by the Local Addressing Authority. This authority rest in the municipal government in Ramsey County, and the municipalities assist in the maintenance of this information. The original source of many of these points came from the centroid of tax parcels with known situs addresses. In some locations this data has been enhanced to cases where a tax parcel may have multiple addresses (such as in some apartment units).

Address Validation for Parcel Shipping Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Address Validation for Parcel Shipping market size reached USD 1.94 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand across e-commerce, logistics, and retail sectors. The market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 11.2% from 2025 to 2033, with a projected value of USD 5.18 billion by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing adoption of digital commerce platforms, the need for operational efficiency in logistics, and the rising emphasis on customer satisfaction through accurate and timely deliveries. As per our latest research, the market continues to benefit from the proliferation of online shopping and the growing complexity of global supply chains, making address validation solutions indispensable for businesses worldwide.

The surge in e-commerce activity is a major growth factor for the address validation for parcel shipping market. As consumers increasingly turn to online platforms for their purchasing needs, the volume of parcels shipped globally has skyrocketed. This has created significant challenges for logistics providers and retailers in ensuring that packages are delivered to the correct addresses in a timely and cost-effective manner. Incorrect or incomplete address data can lead to delivery failures, increased operational costs, and negative customer experiences. Address validation solutions leverage advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and geospatial analytics to verify, standardize, and correct address information in real-time. By integrating these tools into their shipping workflows, businesses can reduce failed deliveries, minimize returns, and optimize route planning, thereby enhancing their overall operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.

Another key driver for the market is the growing regulatory and compliance requirements in cross-border shipping. As international trade expands, businesses must comply with varying address formats, postal regulations, and customs requirements across different countries. Address validation software helps organizations navigate these complexities by automatically formatting addresses according to local standards and flagging potential discrepancies before parcels are dispatched. This not only reduces the risk of shipment delays and penalties but also streamlines customs clearance processes. Furthermore, the integration of address validation with enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) systems enables organizations to maintain clean and accurate address databases, which is critical for compliance, reporting, and customer communication.

Technological advancements and the increasing adoption of cloud-based solutions are further accelerating the growth of the address validation for parcel shipping market. Cloud deployment offers scalability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of integration with existing business systems, making it an attractive option for organizations of all sizes. Additionally, the emergence of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and Software as a Service (SaaS) models has democratized access to address validation tools, allowing even small and medium enterprises to benefit from sophisticated data verification capabilities. These innovations are enabling businesses to quickly adapt to changing market dynamics, respond to customer demands, and expand their operations globally without compromising on accuracy or efficiency.

Regionally, North America dominates the address validation for parcel shipping market, accounting for the largest share in 2024. This is attributed to the high penetration of e-commerce, advanced logistics infrastructure, and early adoption of digital technologies in the region. Europe follows closely, driven by stringent regulatory requirements and a mature retail ecosystem. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period, fueled by rapid urbanization, the expansion of cross-border trade, and the proliferation of digital marketplaces. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also emerging as promising markets, supported by increasing investments in logistics and digital transformation initiatives.

Search Parcels and Addresses Parcel Data has a link to the Pickaway County Auditor's CAMA data for Property Searches

Any Questions Please Contact Pickaway County GIS Dept. Pickaway County GIS Dept 124 W Franklin St. Circleville, Ohio 43113 Phone: 740-474-5823 Email: jgillow@pickawaycountyohio.gov

Update information can be found within the layer’s attributes and in a table on the Utah Parcel Data webpage under LIR Parcels.In Spring of 2016, the Land Information Records work group, an informal committee organized by the Governor’s Office of Management and Budget’s State Planning Coordinator, produced recommendations for expanding the sharing of GIS-based parcel information. Participants in the LIR work group included representatives from county, regional, and state government, including the Utah Association of Counties (County Assessors and County Recorders), Wasatch Front Regional Council, Mountainland and Bear River AOGs, Utah League of Cities and Towns, UDOT, DNR, AGRC, the Division of Emergency Management, Blue Stakes, economic developers, and academic researchers. The LIR work group’s recommendations set the stage for voluntary sharing of additional objective/quantitative parcel GIS data, primarily around tax assessment-related information. Specifically the recommendations document establishes objectives, principles (including the role of local and state government), data content items, expected users, and a general process for data aggregation and publishing. An important realization made by the group was that ‘parcel data’ or ‘parcel record’ products have a different meaning to different users and data stewards. The LIR group focused, specifically, on defining a data sharing recommendation around a tax year parcel GIS data product, aligned with the finalization of the property tax roll by County Assessors on May 22nd of each year. The LIR recommendations do not impact the periodic sharing of basic parcel GIS data (boundary, ID, address) from the County Recorders to AGRC per 63F-1-506 (3.b.vi). Both the tax year parcel and the basic parcel GIS layers are designed for general purpose uses, and are not substitutes for researching and obtaining the most current, legal land records information on file in County records. This document, below, proposes a schedule, guidelines, and process for assembling county parcel and assessment data into an annual, statewide tax parcel GIS layer. gis.utah.gov/data/sgid-cadastre/ It is hoped that this new expanded parcel GIS layer will be put to immediate use supporting the best possible outcomes in public safety, economic development, transportation, planning, and the provision of public services. Another aim of the work group was to improve the usability of the data, through development of content guidelines and consistent metadata documentation, and the efficiency with which the data sharing is distributed.GIS Layer Boundary Geometry:GIS Format Data Files: Ideally, Tax Year Parcel data should be provided in a shapefile (please include the .shp, .shx, .dbf, .prj, and .xml component files) or file geodatabase format. An empty shapefile and file geodatabase schema are available for download at:At the request of a county, AGRC will provide technical assistance to counties to extract, transform, and load parcel and assessment information into the GIS layer format.Geographic Coverage: Tax year parcel polygons should cover the area of each county for which assessment information is created and digital parcels are available. Full coverage may not be available yet for each county. The county may provide parcels that have been adjusted to remove gaps and overlaps for administrative tax purposes or parcels that retain these expected discrepancies that take their source from the legally described boundary or the process of digital conversion. The diversity of topological approaches will be noted in the metadata.One Tax Parcel Record Per Unique Tax Notice: Some counties produce an annual tax year parcel GIS layer with one parcel polygon per tax notice. In some cases, adjacent parcel polygons that compose a single taxed property must be merged into a single polygon. This is the goal for the statewide layer but may not be possible in all counties. AGRC will provide technical support to counties, where needed, to merge GIS parcel boundaries into the best format to match with the annual assessment information.Standard Coordinate System: Parcels will be loaded into Utah’s statewide coordinate system, Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates (NAD83, Zone 12 North). However, boundaries stored in other industry standard coordinate systems will be accepted if they are both defined within the data file(s) and documented in the metadata (see below).Descriptive Attributes:Database Field/Column Definitions: The table below indicates the field names and definitions for attributes requested for each Tax Parcel Polygon record.FIELD NAME FIELD TYPE LENGTH DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE SHAPE (expected) Geometry n/a The boundary of an individual parcel or merged parcels that corresponds with a single county tax notice ex. polygon boundary in UTM NAD83 Zone 12 N or other industry standard coordinates including state plane systemsCOUNTY_NAME Text 20 - County name including spaces ex. BOX ELDERCOUNTY_ID (expected) Text 2 - County ID Number ex. Beaver = 1, Box Elder = 2, Cache = 3,..., Weber = 29ASSESSOR_SRC (expected) Text 100 - Website URL, will be to County Assessor in most all cases ex. webercounty.org/assessorBOUNDARY_SRC (expected) Text 100 - Website URL, will be to County Recorder in most all cases ex. webercounty.org/recorderDISCLAIMER (added by State) Text 50 - Disclaimer URL ex. gis.utah.gov...CURRENT_ASOF (expected) Date - Parcels current as of date ex. 01/01/2016PARCEL_ID (expected) Text 50 - County designated Unique ID number for individual parcels ex. 15034520070000PARCEL_ADD (expected, where available) Text 100 - Parcel’s street address location. Usually the address at recordation ex. 810 S 900 E #304 (example for a condo)TAXEXEMPT_TYPE (expected) Text 100 - Primary category of granted tax exemption ex. None, Religious, Government, Agriculture, Conservation Easement, Other Open Space, OtherTAX_DISTRICT (expected, where applicable) Text 10 - The coding the county uses to identify a unique combination of property tax levying entities ex. 17ATOTAL_MKT_VALUE (expected) Decimal - Total market value of parcel's land, structures, and other improvements as determined by the Assessor for the most current tax year ex. 332000LAND _MKT_VALUE (expected) Decimal - The market value of the parcel's land as determined by the Assessor for the most current tax year ex. 80600PARCEL_ACRES (expected) Decimal - Parcel size in acres ex. 20.360PROP_CLASS (expected) Text 100 - Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Mixed, Agricultural, Vacant, Open Space, Other ex. ResidentialPRIMARY_RES (expected) Text 1 - Is the property a primary residence(s): Y'(es), 'N'(o), or 'U'(nknown) ex. YHOUSING_CNT (expected, where applicable) Text 10 - Number of housing units, can be single number or range like '5-10' ex. 1SUBDIV_NAME (optional) Text 100 - Subdivision name if applicable ex. Highland Manor SubdivisionBLDG_SQFT (expected, where applicable) Integer - Square footage of primary bldg(s) ex. 2816BLDG_SQFT_INFO (expected, where applicable) Text 100 - Note for how building square footage is counted by the County ex. Only finished above and below grade areas are counted.FLOORS_CNT (expected, where applicable) Decimal - Number of floors as reported in county records ex. 2FLOORS_INFO (expected, where applicable) Text 100 - Note for how floors are counted by the County ex. Only above grade floors are countedBUILT_YR (expected, where applicable) Short - Estimated year of initial construction of primary buildings ex. 1968EFFBUILT_YR (optional, where applicable) Short - The 'effective' year built' of primary buildings that factors in updates after construction ex. 1980CONST_MATERIAL (optional, where applicable) Text 100 - Construction Material Types, Values for this field are expected to vary greatly by county ex. Wood Frame, Brick, etc Contact: Sean Fernandez, Cadastral Manager (email: sfernandez@utah.gov; office phone: 801-209-9359)

This dataset represents the boundary of each parcel of land in Fulton County recorded for the pupose of aiding in the appraisal of real property and the determination of property tax. A parcel dataset is created each year in association with that year's tax digest. The parcel dataset for any given year is not considered final until the completion of the digest, which generally occurs around mid-year. Until the completion of the digest, the parcel dataset is considered to be a work in progress. Any necessary corrections and omissions may continue to be made even after the completion of the digest. The parcel dataset in its published form incorporates information from the CAMA (computer-aided mass appraisal) database. The CAMA information included with the published dataset is selected based on its value to the typical consumer of the data and includes the parcel identification number, the property address, property owner, owner's mailing address, tax district, assessed and appraised value for land and improvements, the number of livable units, acreage, property class and land use class.

Parcel data from Fulton County for the most recent tax year. This layer can be used in software programs and apps so only the data layer needs to be updated instead of each individual program or app. Fulton Update Date attribute is the Last Updated Date from the Fulton County GIS Open Data site. From Fulton:This dataset represents the boundary of each parcel of land in Fulton County recorded for the purpose of aiding in the appraisal of real property and the determination of property tax. A parcel dataset is created each year in association with that year's tax digest. The parcel dataset for any given year is not considered final until the completion of the digest, which generally occurs around mid-year. Until the completion of the digest, the parcel dataset is considered to be a work in progress. Any necessary corrections and omissions may continue to be made even after the completion of the digest. The parcel dataset in its published form incorporates information from the CAMA (computer-aided mass appraisal) database. The CAMA information included with the published dataset is selected based on its value to the typical consumer of the data and includes the parcel identification number, the property address, property owner, owner's mailing address, tax district, assessed and appraised value for land and improvements, the number of livable units, acreage, property class and land use class.

What is Land Parcel Data?

Land parcel data refers to a collection of spatially referenced information about individual land parcels or lots within a specified area. It includes attributes such as parcel ID, owner information, legal descriptions, acreage, zoning classifications, tax assessments, and geographic coordinates. This data is typically sourced from government agencies, cadastral surveys, and private entities, then compiled and organized into a structured dataset suitable for analysis and visualization.

Land Parcel Data Details:

• 157 Million nationwide parcel records and geometries
• Approximately 100 attributes (standard schema)
• Tax assessment fields
• Universal parcel ID
• Monthly rolling updates
• Standardized land use codes
• USPS validated address data with residential property & vacancy indicators
• Building counts & footprint square footage attributes
• Right-of-way (ROW) parcel indicator
• Placekey - Location identifier
• Flood zones and school districts
• Homesteads exemption
  • Crop data layer fields
  • Public access status

Point feature class to indicate all addresses contained within a parcel within the City of Temecula. This data is a supplement to the Riverside County Assessor data.Locations of every address in the City in light of the fact the assessor parcel data includes only one address per parcel, it is necessary to supplement this information by including all addresses that may be located within a parcel. The most effective way to accomplish this is by indicating multiple addresses on one parcel with a point feature.This data layer is updated at the time that new addresses are assigned or addresses are changed or modified.

This asset contains address information for land parcels within The City of Edmonton.

The City of Edmonton has shifted the delivery of legal and title parcel mapping to the provincial government and their designated partners. As of November 1st, 2021, the City will no longer provide datasets with land parcel boundary polygon geometry. Alberta Data Partnerships (ADP) - https://abdatapartnerships.ca/ - and their joint venture partner AltaLIS - https://www.altalis.com - now have the responsibility for making this information available for most of the province, including within the City of Edmonton.

Please see our Digital Map Products website https://www.edmonton.ca/business_economy/purchase_maps_aerial_photographs/digital-products for more information.

This dataset was developed to provide accurate parcel boundaries for Indiana, as part of Indiana's annual GIS Data harvest Data Sharing Initiative (IDSI) of the Indiana Geographic Information Office (IGIO).This data layer is an Esri file geodatabase polygon feature class that contains parcel boundaries maintained by county agencies in Indiana. It was released by the Indiana Geographic Information Office (IGIO) on November 13, 2024. The IGIO compiled the data as part of the Indiana Data Harvest program between the Indiana Geographic Information Council (IGIC) and Indiana local governments to provide the most accurate framework data for the citizens of Indiana. These layers include address points, street centerlines, land parcels, and governmental boundaries.

Address Validation for Parcel Shipping Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Address Validation for Parcel Shipping market size reached USD 921.4 million in 2024, driven by the exponential growth in e-commerce, logistics automation, and digital transformation across various industries. The market is projected to grow at a robust CAGR of 10.7% through the forecast period, reaching a value of USD 2,107.9 million by 2033. The market’s upward trajectory is fueled by the increasing need for accurate, real-time address validation solutions to reduce delivery errors, enhance customer experience, and optimize operational efficiency in parcel shipping networks worldwide.

The primary growth driver for the Address Validation for Parcel Shipping market is the surge in global e-commerce activities. As online retail continues to expand, the volume of parcels shipped daily has increased exponentially, putting immense pressure on logistics providers to ensure timely and accurate deliveries. Address discrepancies and inaccuracies can lead to failed deliveries, increased operational costs, and customer dissatisfaction. Consequently, companies are investing heavily in advanced address validation solutions that leverage artificial intelligence, machine learning, and geolocation technologies to verify and correct address data in real time. This technological evolution not only minimizes delivery failures but also enables businesses to maintain a competitive edge in an increasingly demanding market.

Another significant factor propelling market growth is the integration of address validation systems within broader logistics and supply chain management platforms. Modern logistics operations demand seamless interoperability between various digital tools, including warehouse management systems, transportation management systems, and customer relationship management software. Address validation modules, when embedded into these platforms, automate the process of verifying and standardizing address information at every stage of the shipping cycle. This integration enhances data integrity, reduces manual intervention, and streamlines workflow, resulting in substantial cost savings and improved scalability for logistics providers, retailers, and e-commerce platforms.

The growing emphasis on regulatory compliance and data privacy is also shaping the address validation landscape. With stricter regulations such as GDPR in Europe and CCPA in California, organizations must ensure that customer data is handled securely and accurately. Address validation solutions not only help in maintaining up-to-date and compliant databases but also play a crucial role in fraud prevention and risk mitigation. By validating addresses before shipment, companies can detect suspicious patterns, reduce chargebacks, and safeguard themselves against fraudulent transactions. This regulatory environment is fostering innovation and adoption of secure, privacy-centric address validation technologies across various sectors.

From a regional perspective, North America dominates the Address Validation for Parcel Shipping market due to its mature e-commerce sector, advanced logistics infrastructure, and high adoption of cloud-based technologies. However, Asia Pacific is emerging as the fastest-growing region, fueled by rapid urbanization, increasing internet penetration, and the proliferation of online marketplaces. Europe remains a significant market, driven by cross-border e-commerce and stringent data protection regulations. Meanwhile, Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are experiencing steady growth, supported by expanding retail networks and investments in digital transformation. The regional dynamics underscore the global nature of address validation as a critical enabler of efficient parcel shipping.

Component Analysis

The Address Validation for Parcel Shipping market is segmented by component into software and services, each playing a pivotal role in the market’s overall value proposition. Software solutions form the backbone of address validation, offering automated tools that parse, standardize, and verify address data from multiple sources. These platforms utilize advanced algorithms, geocoding, and reference databases to ensure that every address entered into the system is accurate, complete, and deliverable. The demand for software-based address validation is particularly strong among e-commerce and logistics companies seeking to reduce man