In the fiscal year of 2021, 27,145 of the children adopted in the United States with public agency involvement were white. In that same year, a further 10,991 children adopted in the country were Hispanic.

This dataset contains aggregate data concerning the number of children that exited DCF care to an Adoption. These figures are broken out by the DCF Region and Office responsible for the child's care, by their Race/Ethnicity, and by whether their exit from care occurred within 24 months of their entry to care or not. It would be appropriate to roll up the data from all variables across multiple time periods, as they represent specific events in the lives of these children. Please note that these figures do not represent unique children, and so should not be used as the basis for creating a rate based on the child population of the state. These data form the basis of measurement for the Juan F. Consent Decree Exit Plan Outcome #8: Adoption Within 24 Months, although those figures are reported to the DCF Court Monitor on a quarterly rather than annual schedule.

In 2021, there were 168,063 white children in foster care in the United States. This is compared to 86,645 Black or African American children and 85,215 Hispanic children who were in foster care.

Foster care in the United States

Foster care is where minors are taken care of in different institutions, such as a group home or private home of a caregiver certified by the state (called a foster parent). The procedure for becoming a foster parent in the United States varies from state to state. It is up to the state to determine the process; however it is overseen by the Department of Child Protective Services. It is sometimes seen as a precursor to adoption, which is different from fostering a child. There are many barriers to fostering and adopting children, such as high costs and long wait times, which can discourage people from doing it.

Who are foster children?

The number of children in foster care in the United States has decreased slightly since 2011. When looked at by age, most of the children in foster care in 2020 were one year old, and slightly more male children were in foster care than female children. Most of the children in foster care were placed into non-relative foster family homes, and in most cases, the primary goal of foster care is to reunify children with their parents or primary caregivers.

According to a survey conducted in 2021, 46 percent of White Americans had a favorable opinion of private infant adoption in the United States. In comparison, 44 percent of Hispanic Americans and 32 percent of Black Americans shared this belief.

Analysis of ‘Adoptions by SFY, DCF Office, Race/Ethnicity and Length of Stay’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/196852c1-35a3-4953-a4a9-64d778a4d5c2 on 26 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

This dataset contains aggregate data concerning the number of children that exited DCF care to an Adoption. These figures are broken out by the DCF Region and Office responsible for the child's care, by their Race/Ethnicity, and by whether their exit from care occurred within 24 months of their entry to care or not. It would be appropriate to roll up the data from all variables across multiple time periods, as they represent specific events in the lives of these children. Please note that these figures do not represent unique children, and so should not be used as the basis for creating a rate based on the child population of the state. These data form the basis of measurement for the Juan F. Consent Decree Exit Plan Outcome #8: Adoption Within 24 Months, although those figures are reported to the DCF Court Monitor on a quarterly rather than annual schedule.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

According to a survey conducted in 2021, 59 percent of Americans approved of parents adopting a child of a different race in the United States while 52 percent of Americans approved of parents in a same sex relationship adopting a child in the United States.

This dataset contains demographic and case characteristics of children in foster care in Norfolk with the goal of adoption. The dataset includes the sex, age, race, placement, parental rights status and adoption status of these children. The data is from Virginia’s Online Automated Services Information System (OASIS). OASIS is a comprehensive system that tracks the day-to-day activities performed by social workers statewide and is the official case record system for foster care and adoption cases in Virginia.

This dataset details the work accomplished by staff at the Norfolk Department of Human Services with the goal of finding safe, permanent homes for children in Norfolk’s foster care system. This dataset is updated monthly.

For data about this dataset, please click on the below link: https://data.norfolk.gov/Government/Adoptions/vj2f-2an3/about_data

In 2022, about 108,877 children in the United States were waiting to be adopted. This is a decrease from a high of 133,682 children who were waiting to be adopted nationwide in 2007.

Belonging in an adopted world : race, identity, and transnational adoption is a book. It was written by Barbara Yngvesson and published by University of Chicago Press in 2010.

States report information from two reporting populations: (1) The Served Population which is information on all youth receiving at least one independent living services paid or provided by the Chafee Program agency, and (2) Youth completing the NYTD Survey. States survey youth regarding six outcomes: financial self-sufficiency, experience with homelessness, educational attainment, positive connections with adults, high-risk behaviors, and access to health insurance. States collect outcomes information by conducting a survey of youth in foster care on or around their 17th birthday, also referred to as the baseline population. States will track these youth as they age and conduct a new outcome survey on or around the youth's 19th birthday; and again on or around the youth's 21st birthday, also referred to as the follow-up population. States will collect outcomes information on these older youth at ages 19 or 21 regardless of their foster care status or whether they are still receiving independent living services from the State. Depending on the size of the State's foster care youth population, some States may conduct a random sample of the baseline population of the 17-year-olds that participate in the outcomes survey so that they can follow a smaller group of youth as they age. All States will collect and report outcome information on a new baseline population cohort every three years.

Units of Response: Current and former youth in foster care

Type of Data: Administrative

Tribal Data: No

Periodicity: Annual

Demographic Indicators: Ethnicity;Race;Sex

SORN: Not Applicable

Data Use Agreement: https://www.ndacan.acf.hhs.gov/datasets/request-dataset.cfm

Data Use Agreement Location: https://www.ndacan.acf.hhs.gov/datasets/order_forms/termsofuseagreement.pdf

Granularity: Individual

Spatial: United States

Geocoding: FIPS Code

The dataset contains demographic and case characteristics of children in foster care each month. The dataset includes the children’s sex, age, race, goal and average time spent in foster care in Norfolk. The data is from Virginia’s Online Automated Services Information System (OASIS). OASIS is a comprehensive system that tracks the day-to-day activities performed by social workers statewide and is the official case record system for foster care and adoption cases in Virginia.

This dataset details the work accomplished by staff at the Norfolk Department of Human Services with the goal of finding safe, permanent homes for children in Norfolk’s foster care system. This dataset is updated monthly.

For data about this dataset, please click on the below link: https://data.norfolk.gov/Government/Foster-Care/8bq6-fd8n/about_data

In 1987, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) questionnaire included a special section that queried female respondents aged 20 through 54 about adoption. Their responses to the supplement are recorded in this dataset, along with other information about them derived from the core 1987 questionnaire. The special section on adoption asked if any children had ever been adopted, the number that were adopted, and whether these children currently lived in the household. Additional questions in the supplement inquired about the two most recent adoptions: how the adoptions were arranged, the adoptive mother's relationship to the adopted children before adoption, when and how old the adopted children were when they began living with the adoptive mother, the date of birth of the adopted children, and whether the adopted children were born in the United States. Variables from the core questionnaire include height, weight, age, race, Hispanic origin, type of living quarters, region and metropolitan status of residence, marital status, veteran status, education, family income, health status, industry, occupation, activity limitation status, medical conditions, restricted activity days in the past two weeks, bed days in the past two weeks and past 12 months, time interval since the last doctor visit, and the number of doctor visits and short-stay hospital episodes in the past two months.

The Screening Tool for Equitable Adoption and DeploYment of Solar (STEADy Solar) is a database and mapping tool designed to promoting clean energy investments for low-income communities across the United States. The tool indicates locations that may be eligible for the Investment Tax Credit bonus adders defined in the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and combines this information with demographics, social vulnerability, solar technical potential, solar economics (modeled net present value), and building counts by use-type. It can be used by states, municipalities, community-based organizations, developers, and researchers to identify sites where solar projects may be economical and where federal incentives may be available to support equitable adoption of solar. Specific values include: - Areas eligible for the Energy Communities Tax Credit Bonus Program (including brownfield site counts) - Areas eligible for the Low Income Communities Bonus Credit Program (including Tribal Lands, and covered affordable housing project counts) - Areas categorized as disadvantaged by Justice40 - Commercial and Residential Solar economics characterized by the Net Present Value and Simple Payback Period - Total Population, Race, and Ethnicity - Median Household Income, Poverty rate, Household Tenure - Social Vulnerability - Count of buildings, developable rooftop solar capacity (in kWdc) and estimated annual generation potential (in kWh) on four building types: Government General Services, Government Emergency Response, Grade Schools, and Colleges/Universities. The linked report describes the STEADy dataset metadata and presents high level insights from the data. The downloadable and formatted excel dataset makes it easy for users to gain insights for their locations. Supporting .csv and shapefiles provide users with the full data to run their own analyses on equitable solar siting.

This survey was conducted among residents of the South (another sample of Non Southern states is also included) on many topics including race relations, opportunities for minorities, local communities, racial diversity, and inter-racial marriages and adoption. Demographic data include education, religious affiliation, marital status, employment status, income, race, household composition, party affiliation, political ideology,

This table presents figures about children looked after by Welsh local authorities. Children looked after include those on care orders and other children provided with accommodation by their local authority.

Black users of generative AI were more likely to use it for all instances than both Whites and Latinx. Whites, in fact, were substantially less likely to use generative AI overall than both Blacks and Latinx.

This survey provides nationally representative estimates on the characteristics, living arrangements, and service accessibility of noninstitutionalized children who were living apart from their parents (in foster care, grandparent care or other nonparental care) and who were aged 0 to 16 years in 2011-2012. Data on the well-being of the children and of their caregivers are also available. The children’s nonparental care status was identified in a previous SLAITS survey, the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health.

Units of Response: Caregiver

Type of Data: Survey

Tribal Data: No

Periodicity: One-time

Demographic Indicators: Disability;Ethnicity;Household Income;Household Size;Housing Status;Race;Sex

SORN: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/09/19/2022-20139/privacy-act-of-1974-system-of-records

Data Use Agreement: No

Data Use Agreement Location: Unavailable

Granularity: Household

Spatial: United States

Geocoding: Unavailable

Data for this study were collected at the University of California – Irvine (UCI) as part of the UCI-MUST (Measuring Undergraduate Success Trajectories) Project, a larger longitudinal measurement project aimed at improving understanding of undergraduate experience, trajectories and outcomes, while supporting campus efforts to improve institutional performance and enhance educational equity (Arum et. al. 2021). The project is focused on student educational experience at a selective large, research-oriented public university on the quarter system with half of its students first-generation and 85 percent Hispanic, Asian, African-American, Pacific Islander or Native American. Since Fall 2019, the project has tracked annually new cohorts of freshmen and juniors with longitudinal surveys administered at the end of every academic quarter. Data from the Winter 2023 end of term assessment, administered in the first week of April, was pooled for four longitudinal study cohorts for this study (i.e., Fall 2019-2022 cohorts). There was an overall response rate of 42.5 percent for the Winter 2023 end of term assessment. This allowed us to consider student responses from freshmen through senior years enrolled in courses throughout the university. Students completed questionnaire items about their knowledge and use of ChatGPT in and out of the classroom during the winter 2023 academic term. In total 1,129 students completed the questionnaire, which asked questions about: knowledge of ChatGPT (“Do you know what ChatGPT is?”); general use (“Have you used ChatGPT before?”); and instructor attitude (“What was the attitude of the instructor for [a specific course students enrolled in] regarding the use of ChatGPT?”). Of those 1,129 students, 191 had missing data for at least one variable of interest and were subsequently dropped from analysis, resulting in a final sample of 938 students. In addition, for this study we merged our survey data with administrative data from campus that encompasses details on student background, including gender, race, first-generation college-going, and international student status. Campus administrative data also provides course-level characteristics, including whether a particular class is a lower- or upper-division course as well as the academic unit on campus offering the course. In addition, we used administrative data on all students enrolled at the university to generate classroom composition measures for every individual course taken by students in our sample – specifically the proportion of underrepresented minority students in the class, the proportion of international students in the class and the proportion of female students in the class. For our student-level analysis [R1], we used binary logistic regressions to examine the association between individual characteristics and (1) individual awareness and (2) individual academic use of ChatGPT utilizing the student-level data of 938 students. Individual characteristics include gender, underrepresented minority student status, international student status, first generation college-going student status, student standing (i.e. lower or upper classmen), cumulative grade point average and field of study. Field of study was based on student major assigned to the broad categories of physical sciences (i.e. physical sciences, engineering, and information and computer science), health sciences (i.e. pharmacy, biological sciences, public health, and nursing), humanities, social sciences (i.e. business, education, and social sciences), the arts, or undeclared. We defined awareness of ChatGPT as an affirmative response to the question “Do you know what ChatGPT is?” Regarding ChatGPT use, we focused on academic use which was defined as an affirmative response of either “Yes, for academic use” or “Yes, for academic and personal use” to the question “Have you used ChatGPT before?” For our course-level analysis [R2], we constructed a measure – course-level instructor encouragement for ChatGPT use – based on student responses to the end of the term survey conducted at the completion of the Winter 2023 term. In the survey, students were asked to indicate the extent to which their instructors encouraged them to use ChatGPT in each of their enrolled courses. The response

Note: For information on data collection, confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, subject definitions, and guidance on using the data, visit the 2020 Census 118th Congressional District Summary File (CD118) Technical Documentation webpage..To protect respondent confidentiality, data have undergone disclosure avoidance methods which add "statistical noise" - small, random additions or subtractions - to the data so that no one can reliably link the published data to a specific person or household. The Census Bureau encourages data users to aggregate small populations and geographies to improve accuracy and diminish implausible results.."Families" consist of a householder and one or more other people related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption.."Own children" includes biological, adopted, and stepchildren of the householder..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census 118th Congressional District Summary File (CD118)

The typical American picture of a family with 2.5 kids might not be as relevant as it once was: In 2023, there was an average of 1.94 children under 18 per family in the United States. This is a decrease from 2.33 children under 18 per family in 1960.

Familial structure in the United States

If there’s one thing the United States is known for, it’s diversity. Whether this is diversity in ethnicity, culture, or family structure, there is something for everyone in the U.S. Two-parent households in the U.S. are declining, and the number of families with no children are increasing. The number of families with children has stayed more or less constant since 2000.

Adoptions in the U.S.

Families in the U.S. don’t necessarily consist of parents and their own biological children. In 2021, around 35,940 children were adopted by married couples, and 13,307 children were adopted by single women.