This dataset provides values for ARABLE LAND PERCENT OF LAND AREA WB DATA.HTML reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Algeria is the biggest country in Africa, with an area exceeding 2.38 million square kilometers as of 2020. The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan follow with a total area of around 2.34 million and 1.88 million square kilometers, respectively. On the other hand, Seychelles is the smallest country on the continent, with an area of only 460 square kilometers. Overall, Africa’s total area exceeds 30 million square kilometers, being the second largest continent in the world after Asia. Nigeria and Ethiopia lead the ranking of the most populated countries in Africa.

How have the African countries been formed?

The political geography of Africa has been influenced by its colonial history. Between the 19th and 20th Century, the European colonizers have divided up Africa. The partition of the territories was merely driven by strategic purposes: Borders between countries were artificially created in the absence of a geographic border. Following the decolonization, most countries gained their independence in the second half of the 1900s. The newest country in Africa is South Sudan, which became independent in 2011.

Africa's physical geography

Geographically, the African continent is mostly constituted by plains and tablelands. Inner plateaus are prevalent in the sub-Saharan region. In the center-north, the arid Sahara Desert extends for around nine million square kilometers, being the largest subtropical desert in the world. The continent also has some of the biggest water basins worldwide, namely the Nile, Congo, and Niger rivers. East Africa has, instead, the highest summit on the continent, the Kilimanjaro. Peaking at 5,895 meters, the mountain dominates Tanzania’s landscape and attracts thousands of climbers each year.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Nigeria has the largest population in Africa. As of 2025, the country counted over 237.5 million individuals, whereas Ethiopia, which ranked second, has around 135.5 million inhabitants. Egypt registered the largest population in North Africa, reaching nearly 118.4 million people. In terms of inhabitants per square kilometer, Nigeria only ranked seventh, while Mauritius had the highest population density on the whole African continent in 2023. The fastest-growing world region Africa is the second most populous continent in the world, after Asia. Nevertheless, Africa records the highest growth rate worldwide, with figures rising by over two percent every year. In some countries, such as Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Chad, the population increase peaks at over three percent. With so many births, Africa is also the youngest continent in the world. However, this coincides with a low life expectancy. African cities on the rise The last decades have seen high urbanization rates in Asia, mainly in China and India. However, African cities are currently growing at larger rates. Indeed, most of the fastest-growing cities in the world are located in Sub-Saharan Africa. Gwagwalada, in Nigeria, and Kabinda, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, ranked first worldwide. By 2035, instead, Africa's fastest-growing cities are forecast to be Bujumbura, in Burundi, and Zinder, Nigeria.

This dataset provides values for SURFACE AREA SQ KM WB DATA.HTML reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The world's population first reached one billion people in 1803, and reach eight billion in 2023, and will peak at almost 11 billion by the end of the century. Although it took thousands of years to reach one billion people, it did so at the beginning of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition; from this point onwards, population growth has skyrocketed, and since the 1960s the population has increased by one billion people every 12 to 15 years. The demographic transition sees a sharp drop in mortality due to factors such as vaccination, sanitation, and improved food supply; the population boom that follows is due to increased survival rates among children and higher life expectancy among the general population; and fertility then drops in response to this population growth. Regional differences The demographic transition is a global phenomenon, but it has taken place at different times across the world. The industrialized countries of Europe and North America were the first to go through this process, followed by some states in the Western Pacific. Latin America's population then began growing at the turn of the 20th century, but the most significant period of global population growth occurred as Asia progressed in the late-1900s. As of the early 21st century, almost two thirds of the world's population live in Asia, although this is set to change significantly in the coming decades. Future growth The growth of Africa's population, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, will have the largest impact on global demographics in this century. From 2000 to 2100, it is expected that Africa's population will have increased by a factor of almost five. It overtook Europe in size in the late 1990s, and overtook the Americas a decade later. In contrast to Africa, Europe's population is now in decline, as birth rates are consistently below death rates in many countries, especially in the south and east, resulting in natural population decline. Similarly, the population of the Americas and Asia are expected to go into decline in the second half of this century, and only Oceania's population will still be growing alongside Africa. By 2100, the world's population will have over three billion more than today, with the vast majority of this concentrated in Africa. Demographers predict that climate change is exacerbating many of the challenges that currently hinder progress in Africa, such as political and food instability; if Africa's transition is prolonged, then it may result in further population growth that would place a strain on the region's resources, however, curbing this growth earlier would alleviate some of the pressure created by climate change.

In 2023, the population of Africa was projected to grow by 2.34 percent compared to the previous year. The population growth rate on the continent has been constantly over 2.3 percent from 2000 onwards, and it peaked at 2.59 percent between 2012 and 2013. Despite a slowdown in the growth rate, the continent's population will continue to increase significantly in the coming years. The second-largest population worldwide In 2022, the total population of Africa amounted to around 1.4 billion. The number of inhabitants had grown steadily in the previous decades, rising from approximately 810 million in 2000. Driven by a decreasing mortality rate and a higher life expectancy at birth, the African population was forecast to increase to about 2.5 billion individuals by 2050. Africa is currently the second most populous continent worldwide after Asia. However, forecasts showed that Africa could gradually close the gap and almost reach the size of the Asian population in 2100. By that year, Africa might count 3.9 billion people, compared to 4.7 billion in Asia. The world's youngest continent The median age in Africa corresponded to 18.8 years in 2023. Although the median age has increased in recent years, the continent remains the youngest worldwide. In 2023, roughly 40 percent of the African population was aged 15 years and younger, compared to a global average of 25 percent. Africa recorded not only the highest share of youth but also the smallest elderly population worldwide. As of the same year, only three percent of Africa's population was aged 65 years and older. Africa and Latin America were the only regions below the global average of 10 percent. On the continent, Niger, Uganda, and Angola were the countries with the youngest population in 2023.

This dataset provides values for LAND AREA HECTARES WB DATA.HTML reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

General information about NOAA-AVHRR can be queried by interested users in the category 'Sensor' and 'Source'. Some basic information is given hereafter.

 The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard NOAA 6,
 8, 10 and TIROS-N measured in four spectral bands, while the NOAA 7, 9
 and 11 are measured in 5 bands. The primary objective of the AVHRR
 instrument is to provide cloud top and sea surface temperatures
 through passively measured visible, near infra-red and infra-red
 spectral radiation bands. Nevertheless these data are widely used for
 terrestrial applications, such as land cover mapping and vegetation
 monitoring.

 The available data provide a long term AVHRR Global Area Coverage
 (GAC) data set with particular emphasis placed on the continent of
 Africa. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), channel 2
 reflectance, channel 3 and 4 brightness temperatures, an approximate
 surface temperature and a cloud probability image are available on a
 daily basis from January 1982 to December 1992 for the whole African
 Continent at a resolution of 5 km.

 The remaining data from the entire GAC time series (July 1981 to the
 present) will be processed by the end of 1995.

 Channels 1 and 2 are converted to radiance using the August desert
 calibration coefficients published by Holben et al. (1990).
 Radiances in channels 1 and 2 are converted to 'top of atmosphere'
 reflectances (ToA). Brightness temperatures are calculated for
 channels 3, 4 and 5 using the inverse Planck function (Kidwell 1991).

 Channels 4 and 5 are corrected for non-linearity of sensor response to
 give true brightness temperatures using pre-launch correction
 coefficients (Planet 1988). The brightness temperature and
 reflectance images are scaled to 8 bit integers.

 The ToA reflectances and brightness temperatures are used to identify
 cloudy pixels. The channel 1 and 2 reflectances are then used to
 compute the NDVI, and channels 4 and 5 true brightness temperatures
 used to compute an approximate surface temperature using a 'split
 window' technique (Price 1984). This does not take variations in
 emissivity into account, and so is only of limited accuracy.

 The NDVI, channel 2 reflectance, channels 3 and 4 brightness
 temperature, surface temperature and the cloud probability channel are
 then geometrically corrected. Geometric correction involves three
 steps; navigation using the ELPs from the raw data, correlation with a
 reference image data base to provide ground control points for fine
 correction, and resampling into a daily continental scale mosaic.

 For Africa a Mercator map projection is used. The Africa GAC mosaic
 map center coordinates are 0#161#, 17.25#161# E, pixel size at the
 equator is 5 by 5 km, giving an image of 1800 lines by 1600 columns,
 with top left co-ordinates 37.59#161# N, 18.64#161# W, bottom right
 37.59#161# S, 53.64#161# E. As a function of the Mercator projection
 the resolution degrades by approximately 20% at the northern and
 southern limits; for example the ground area represented by each pixel
 is 30 km2 at 35#161# N or S, (4 km, x axis by 7.5 km, y axis) compared
 with 25 km2 at the equator.

 The processed data sets are stored as ERDAS 7.4 format files on a
 gigatek optical disk juke box. Data are currently made available
 through formal collaborative research agreements between outside
 laboratories and the Joint Research Centre. In such instances data
 costs are for marginal cost of reproduction only.

 These data will become available to the international research
 community through the EC and European Space Agency initiative, the
 Centre for Earth Observation (CEO).

 The data sets have already provided new information concerning inter
 and intra annual variations in vegetation fire dynamics for Africa and
 have been used to derive forest seasonality information through the
 JRC`s thematic projects such as TRopical Ecosystem and Environment
 observations by Satellite (TREES).

 See separate entry for TREES.

 Example data can be found on the CEO World Wide Web home page:
 "http://www.ceo.org/".

This dataset provides values for POPULATION reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

In 2021, there were around *** million children aged 0-4 years in Africa. In total, the population aged 17 years and younger amounted to approximately *** million. In contrast, only approximately ** million individuals were aged 65 years and older as of the same year. The youngest continent in the world Africa is the continent with the youngest population worldwide. As of 2023, around ** percent of the population was aged 15 years and younger, compared to a global average of 25 percent. Although the median age on the continent has been increasing annually, it remains low at around ***years. There are several reasons behind the low median age. One factor is the low life expectancy at birth: On average, the male and female population in Africa live between 61 and 65 years, respectively. In addition, poor healthcare on the continent leads to high mortality, also among children and newborns, while the high fertility rate contributes to lowering the median age. Cross-country demographic differences Africa’s demographic characteristics are not uniform across the continent. The age structure of the population differs significantly from one country to another. For instance, Niger and Uganda have the lowest median age in Africa, at **** and **** years, respectively. Not surprisingly, these countries also register a high crude birth rate. On the other hand, North Africa is the region recording the highest life expectancy at birth, with Algeria leading the ranking in 2023.

In the middle of 2023, about 60 percent of the global population was living in Asia.The total world population amounted to 8.1 billion people on the planet. In other words 4.7 billion people were living in Asia as of 2023. Global populationDue to medical advances, better living conditions and the increase of agricultural productivity, the world population increased rapidly over the past century, and is expected to continue to grow. After reaching eight billion in 2023, the global population is estimated to pass 10 billion by 2060. Africa expected to drive population increase Most of the future population increase is expected to happen in Africa. The countries with the highest population growth rate in 2024 were mostly African countries. While around 1.47 billion people live on the continent as of 2024, this is forecast to grow to 3.9 billion by 2100. This is underlined by the fact that most of the countries wit the highest population growth rate are found in Africa. The growing population, in combination with climate change, puts increasing pressure on the world's resources.

This dataset provides values for ROAD DENSITY KM OF ROAD PER SQ KM OF LAND AREA WB DATA.HTML reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

EGYPT @ CROCODILE DELIGHT IN BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF AFRICA IS AFRICAN SAFARI DELIGHTJewel and Jenita mol Mango plant for this International Day of Biological & Biodiversity on May 22 ,THE KING CROCODILE OF EGYPT LIVED IN THE NILE RIVER BIODIVERSITY SITES EGYPT IS CROCODILE GOD'S OWN COUNTRYEGYPT BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM IS MAKING THE COUNTRY A CROCODILE GOD'S OWN COUNTRY, NILE CROCODILE SITES & CROCODILE SPACE ECOSYSTEM IS THE E@ CROCODILE IN THE BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE E IS EGYPT COUNTRYTHE E@ CROCODILE IN THE BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE E IS EGYPT COUNTRY EGYPT IS CROCODILE GOD'S OWN COUNTRY IS THE STORY - E@ CROCODILE IN THE BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE & ECOSYSTEM WHERE E @ IS EGYPT COUNTRYSOBEK CROCODILE THE KING OF NILE RIVER & NILE RIVER THE GIFT OF EGYPT BIODIVERSITY & ECOSYSTEM HAD KOM OMBO TEMPLE, CROCODILE CITY ARISINOEThe NUBIANS , NILOTIC, FELLAH, URBAN People in the Egyptian Community Worshiped Crocodile in the the city of Faiyum in Egypt is known as the "Crocodile City" because it was the center of the ancient Egyptian crocodile god, Sobek. The city is located in the Faiyum Oasis, which was a major center for the worship of Sobek and in temple. The crocodile cult at Fayoum in Egypt, centered around the city of Crocodilopolis (Arsinoe), further emphasizes the cultural importance of these creatures in ancient Egypt. Crocodiles were regarded as sacred beings, with temples and rituals dedicated to their worship . E @ Crocodile Biodiversity & Ecosystem where E is ENTRY OF TWO CROCODILE TRESPASSERS IN CROCODILE TERRITORY The Temple of Kom Ombo in Egypt is known as the Crocodile Temple because it's dedicated to Sobek, the crocodile god. The temple is also dedicated to Haroeris, the falcon god. Crocodile mummies are found in many Egyptian tombs, and were an important part of ancient Egyptian religion and rituals. The mummies were created by crocodile priests who wrapped the crocodiles in the same material and care as human mummies. These ancient crocodile mummies are so well-preserved, they almost look alive. Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of 10 mummified crocodiles from an Egyptian tomb that are so well-preserved, one scientist said it's "like almost a real crocodile just lying there in front of you is making EGYPT BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM A CROCODILE GOD'S COUNTRY AND THIS CROCODILE FAMILY WILL OVERCOME HUMANS LIKE THEY HAD OVERCOME DINOSAURS IN FUTURE DEPEND ON THE CONSERVATION & PROTECTION OF CROCODILE NOW DONE BY COUNTRIES ACROSS THE WORLDThe Divine God Animals of Egypt are Sobek, crocodile-headed god of the Nile; Sekhmet, leonine goddess of war; Anubis, jackal god of the underworld; and Hathor, mother goddess with a cow's horns , Bastet was the goddess of protection, pleasure, and the bringer of good health. She had the head of a cat and a slender female body, Seth beast not a animals . Where Sobek was a crocodile-headed god with several important connotations, including his association with the colour green. The worship of Sobek peaked in the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055 -1650 BC), whose name is seen lent to several Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasty Pharaohs such as Sobeknefru and Sobekhotep I –IV. Nile crocodiles is associated with the sacred and Nile crocodiles and is often represented as a crocodile-headed humanoidSUMMARY- EGYPT IS CROCODILE GOD'S OWN COUNTRY BIODIVERSITY & ECOSYSTEME @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE IN AFRICAN CONTINENTTHE E@ CROCODILE IN THE BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE E IS EAST AFRICA THE BEST More International travel to east African safari than the south Africa and west Africa even though Africa is the best for safari Tourist . The National park & animals conservation projects are less in west Africa compared to South Africa and East Africa where the largest number of national parks are in East Africa compared to south Africa and west Africa . In Kenya there is 24 National park , Tanzania there is 22 national parks and in west Africa Zambia there is 21 national park and south Africa there is 20 national parks , in west Africa Ivory coast and Nigeria there is 8 national park each making east Africa the best for safari tourist . In east Africa the infrastructure for tourist is far more better than west and south Africa making east Africa the best as they advertise more than the west . Compared to the land area , the land areas used for conservation is more in east Africa than in west so this make East Africa the best than south and west making East or West East Africa the best where E @Stands for east African tourist safari E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE IN AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE E IS EAST AFRICAN NILE CROCODILE E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE IN AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE E IS EAST AFRICAN NILE CROCODILE & SOBEKSPACE ECOSYSTEM & DATABASE TECHNOLOGY ANALYSE AFRICA BIODIVERSITY BY THE E @ NILE CROCODILE HABITAT & THE E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITEEGYPT CROCODILE GOD'S OWN COUNTRY BIODIVERSITY & ECOSYSTEMRESEARCHING SPACE ECOSYSTEM FOR E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE (BHS) FOR E @ CROCODILE DIVERSITY , E @ HABITAT DIVERSITY & E @ ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY IN AFRICA. THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE ECOSYSTEM FOR SPACE DATABASE AND TECHNOLOGY WILL DEVELOP THE E @ AFRICAN BIODIVERSITY DATA BASE THAT MONITORS & CONTROL THE E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE (BHS) FOR E @ CROCODILE DIVERSITY , E @ HABITAT DIVERSITY & E @ ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY IN AFRICASPACE ECOSYSTEM & SPACE DATABASE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPING THE E @ BIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE IS THE CONVERSION OF AFRICA DIVERSE DIGITAL DATA BASE TO AFRICA SPACIAL BIODIVERSITY DATA BASE ECOSYSTEM . The Conversion of Digital to Spacial Maps connecting the Space Ecosystem is a vision of Future like Vision 2050 Developing African countries from Developing to a Developed Country Achieving sustainable development in the field of Climatic change, Energy for all, Food for all, etc .The conversion will shape up the economy of African countries in large scale cultivation, Cultivation of Bare land, Automated Machinery & technology , Saving large quantity of energy and fuel for the future . The Conversion to Spacial ecosystem 3 D maps will develop remote area of land like forest, water ways, water falls where large number of species inhabitant like crocodile and the conservation and reproduction of the habitat is the main aim of many organization like World Wildlife organization is due to Crocodile are important to the ecosystem The World Wildlife organization had many project and one such is E @ Crocodile in the Biodiversity Heritage site where E @ Stands for Infinite Number of Crocodile Projects as e∞ is equal to infinity in which e is constant considering a crocodile and ∞ is variable considering the project .This is because e is a number greater than 1, and when multiplied by itself an infinite number of times, it results in a number that is extremely large. so E @ Crocodile s infinity e∞ , Absolute infinity Ω ω & Infinity series( Σ ) like Crocodile is the beginning and the end in the book of revelation as Crocodile is the earth for million of years from Dinosaurs period to the ancient world E @ Crocodile Biodiversity & Ecosystem where E is Infinity ProjectsINFINITY OF E @CROCODILE IN THE BHS IS THE BEGINNING & END OF THE THINGS WHERE E IS INFINITY OF CROCODILE PROJECT ALL ALONG AFRICA Secret of Art is Infinity - Aaron’s crocodile eat the Egyptian magicians Pharaoh crocodile" make the God the Great by the Crocodile The theme for World Wildlife Day (WWD) 2024 was "Connecting People and Planet: Exploring Digital Innovation in Wildlife Conservation". The day was celebrated on March 3, 2024 . The theme for World Wildlife Day (WWD) 2025 is "Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet". The theme emphasizes the importance of investing in wildlife to ensure a resilient future for people and the planet.The March 3 and 4 day highlighted the loss of biodiversity and the need for digital innovation in wildlife conservation and that digital conservation and in future this digital conservation is used for raising funds in the projects in 2025 in the Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet and E @ Crocodile in the Biodiversity Heritage site in the African continent is given below is the digital conservation of crocodile & Planet for year 2024 and 2025 E @ Crocodile Biodiversity & Ecosystem where E is Electronic governance of Crocodile Site in Egypt & AfricaE @ Crocodile in the Biodiversity heritage site where E @ means electronic governance' of African crocodile site is using information and communication technologies (ICTs) (such as Wide Area Networks, the Internet, and mobile computing) at various levels of the government and the public sector and beyond, for the purpose of enhancing governance.MASSACRED IN CROCODILE ISLANDS RAMREE - INDONESIA WORLD WAR 2 THE ART OF WORLD BIODIVERSITY IS PEACE AND NOT CONFLICT - THE ART OF PEACE IS UNITY & NOT SEPARATION ,THE ART OF WAR IS THE WAR THAT IS LAST RESORT FOR PEACE WHEN DIALOGUE & DIPLOMACY FAIL. WAR IS DESTRUCTION, BIODIVERSITY LOSS IS THE HISTORICAL CROCODILES WAR IN THE MANGROVE SWAMPS OF RAMREE ISLANDS. MY HEART WILL GO ON FOR NILE CROCODILE HABITAT- The Message of My Hear will Go on is the is that - I Know my heart will go on" uses the metaphor of the heart continuing to beat in response to strong emotions, like love or fear convey the idea that Emotions remains strong and persistent, even through challenges and separation when in a crocodile encounter In Wild is fear and when in Swimming with Crocodile In 'Cage of Death' In Australian is fun and joy . "We'll stay forever in many way" & reassures that Human and crocodile bond is unbreakable even in the fear emotion while in a crocodile territory . it is one of hope and resilience in the face of loss and adversity. it is the ability to withstand adversity and bounce back from difficult life

There are approximately 8.16 billion people living in the world today, a figure that shows a dramatic increase since the beginning of the Common Era. Since the 1970s, the global population has also more than doubled in size. It is estimated that the world's population will reach and surpass 10 billion people by 2060 and plateau at around 10.3 billion in the 2080s, before it then begins to fall. Asia When it comes to number of inhabitants per continent, Asia is the most populous continent in the world by a significant margin, with roughly 60 percent of the world's population living there. Similar to other global regions, a quarter of inhabitants in Asia are under 15 years of age. The most populous nations in the world are India and China respectively; each inhabit more than three times the amount of people than the third-ranked United States. 10 of the 20 most populous countries in the world are found in Asia. Africa Interestingly, the top 20 countries with highest population growth rate are mainly countries in Africa. This is due to the present stage of Sub-Saharan Africa's demographic transition, where mortality rates are falling significantly, although fertility rates are yet to drop and match this. As much of Asia is nearing the end of its demographic transition, population growth is predicted to be much slower in this century than in the previous; in contrast, Africa's population is expected to reach almost four billion by the year 2100. Unlike demographic transitions in other continents, Africa's population development is being influenced by climate change on a scale unseen by most other global regions. Rising temperatures are exacerbating challenges such as poor sanitation, lack of infrastructure, and political instability, which have historically hindered societal progress. It remains to be seen how Africa and the world at large adapts to this crisis as it continues to cause drought, desertification, natural disasters, and climate migration across the region.

This dataset provides values for GDP PER CAPITA reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

This dataset provides values for CORRUPTION RANK reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Lagos, in Nigeria, ranked as the most populated city in Africa as of 2024, with an estimated population of roughly nine million inhabitants living in the city proper. Kinshasa, in Congo, and Cairo, in Egypt, followed with some 7.8 million and 7.7 million dwellers. Among the 15 largest cities in the continent, another two, Kano, and Ibadan, were located in Nigeria, the most populated country in Africa. Population density trends in Africa As of 2022, Africa exhibited a population density of 48.3 individuals per square kilometer. At the beginning of 2000, the population density across the continent has experienced a consistent annual increment. Projections indicated that the average population residing within each square kilometer would rise to approximately 54 by the year 2027. Moreover, Mauritius stood out as the African nation with the most elevated population density, exceeding 640 individuals per square kilometre. Mauritius possesses one of the most compact territories on the continent, a factor that significantly influences its high population density. Urbanization dynamics in Africa The urbanization rate in Africa was anticipated to reach close to 44 percent in 2021. Urbanization across the continent has consistently risen since 2000, with urban areas accommodating 35 percent of the total population. This trajectory is projected to continue its ascent in the years ahead. Nevertheless, the distribution between rural and urban populations shows remarkable diversity throughout the continent. In 2021, Gabon and Libya stood out as Africa’s most urbanized nations, each surpassing 80 percent urbanization. In 2023, Africa's population was estimated to expand by 2.35 percent compared to the preceding year. Since 2000, the population growth rate across the continent has consistently exceeded 2.45 percent, reaching its pinnacle at 2.59 percent between 2012 and 2013. Although the growth rate has experienced a deceleration, Africa's population will persistently grow significantly in the forthcoming years.

As of 2023, the total population of Africa was over 1.48 billion. The number of inhabitants on the continent increased annually from 2000 onwards. In comparison, the total population was around 831 million in 2000. According to forecasts, Africa will experience impressive population growth in the coming years and would nearly reach the Asian population by 2100. Over 200 million people in Nigeria Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa. In 2023, the country’s population exceeded 223 million people. Ethiopia followed with a population of around 127 million, while Egypt ranked third, accounting for approximately 113 million individuals. Other leading African countries in terms of population were the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, South Africa, and Kenya. Additionally, Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Chad recorded the highest population growth rate on the continent in 2023, with the number of residents rising by over 3.08 percent compared to the previous year. On the other hand, the populations of Tunisia and Eswatini registered a growth rate below 0.85 percent, while for Mauritius and Seychelles, it was negative. Drivers for population growth Several factors have driven Africa’s population growth. For instance, the annual number of births on the continent has risen constantly over the years, jumping from nearly 32 million in 2000 to almost 46 million in 2023. Moreover, despite the constant decline in the number of births per woman, the continent’s fertility rate has remained considerably above the global average. Each woman in Africa had an average of over four children throughout her reproductive years as of 2021, compared to a world rate of around two births per woman. At the same time, improved health and living conditions contributed to decreasing mortality rate and increasing life expectancy in recent years, driving population growth.

Sudan had the largest agricultural land area in Africa in 2022, corresponding to around 112.7 million hectares. Following, South Africa and Nigeria had roughly 96.3 million and 69.8 million hectares of land under agricultural activities, respectively. In proportion to the total land area, Lesotho was the African country with the largest share of land devoted to agriculture.