Data on drug overdose death rates, by drug type and selected population characteristics. Please refer to the PDF or Excel version of this table in the HUS 2019 Data Finder (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/contents2019.htm) for critical information about measures, definitions, and changes over time. SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, numerator data from annual public-use Mortality Files; denominator data from U.S. Census Bureau national population estimates; and Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Kochanek KD, Arias E, Tejada-Vera B. Deaths: Final data for 2018. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 69 no 13. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nvsr.htm. For more information on the National Vital Statistics System, see the corresponding Appendix entry at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus19-appendix-508.pdf.

In 2023, around 72,776 people in the United States died from a drug overdose that involved fentanyl. This was the second-highest number of fentanyl overdose deaths ever recorded in the United States, and a significant increase from the number of deaths reported in 2019. Fentanyl overdoses are now the driving force behind the opioid epidemic, accounting for the majority of overdose deaths in the United States. What is fentanyl? Fentanyl is an extremely potent synthetic opioid similar to morphine, but more powerful. It is a prescription drug but is also manufactured illegally and is sometimes mixed with other illicit drugs such as heroin and cocaine, often without the user’s knowledge. The potency of fentanyl makes it very addictive and puts users at a high risk for overdose. Illegally manufactured fentanyl has become more prevalent in the United States in recent years, leading to a huge increase in drug overdose deaths. In 2022, the rate of drug overdose death involving fentanyl was 22.7 per 100,000 population, compared to a rate of just one per 100,000 population in the year 2013. Fentanyl overdoses by gender and race/ethnicity As of 2022, the rate of drug overdose deaths involving fentanyl in the United States is over two times higher among men than women. Rates of overdose death involving fentanyl were low for both men and women until around the year 2014 when they began to quickly increase, especially for men. In 2022, there were around 19,880 drug overdose deaths among women that involved fentanyl compared to 53,958 such deaths among men. At that time, the rate of fentanyl overdose deaths was highest among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Natives and lowest among non-Hispanic Asians. However, from the years 2014 to 2018, non-Hispanic whites had the highest fentanyl overdose death rates.

In 2022, those aged between 35 and 44 years had the highest number of drug overdose deaths in the United States, with 27,583 deaths. Opioids are the main driver of overdose deaths in the United States. This statistic presents the number of drug overdose deaths in the U.S. from 2013 to 2022, by age group.

In 2023, there were a total of 5,975 deaths in Canada due to opioid overdose, with around 30 percent of deaths occurring among those aged 30 to 39 years. This statistic shows the distribution of deaths from opioid overdose in Canada from 2016 to 2023, by age.

A. SUMMARY This dataset includes unintentional drug overdose death rates by race/ethnicity by year. This dataset is created using data from the California Electronic Death Registration System (CA-EDRS) via the Vital Records Business Intelligence System (VRBIS). Substance-related deaths are identified by reviewing the cause of death. Deaths caused by opioids, methamphetamine, and cocaine are included. Homicides and suicides are excluded. Ethnic and racial groups with fewer than 10 events are not tallied separately for privacy reasons but are included in the “all races” total.

Unintentional drug overdose death rates are calculated by dividing the total number of overdose deaths by race/ethnicity by the total population size for that demographic group and year and then multiplying by 100,000. The total population size is based on estimates from the US Census Bureau County Population Characteristics for San Francisco, 2022 Vintage by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.

These data differ from the data shared in the Preliminary Unintentional Drug Overdose Death by Year dataset since this dataset uses finalized counts of overdose deaths associated with cocaine, methamphetamine, and opioids only.

B. HOW THE DATASET IS CREATED This dataset is created by copying data from the Annual Substance Use Trends in San Francisco report from the San Francisco Department of Public Health Center on Substance Use and Health.

C. UPDATE PROCESS This dataset will be updated annually, typically at the end of the year.

D. HOW TO USE THIS DATASET N/A

E. RELATED DATASETS Overdose-Related 911 Responses by Emergency Medical Services Preliminary Unintentional Drug Overdose Deaths San Francisco Department of Public Health Substance Use Services

F. CHANGE LOG

• 12/16/2024 - Updated with 2023 data. Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity group was changed to Asian.
• 12/16/2024 - Past year totals by race/ethnicity were revised after obtaining accurate race/ethnicity for some decedents that were previously marked as “unknown” race/ethnicity.

Dataset is comprised of heroin overdose-related and prescription opioid overdose-related hospitalization rates for the years 2000 through 2014. Data is derived from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Included are rates by census region and division with separate rates for age and race.

This indicator includes unintentional overdoses, homicides, and suicides from drug overdose. Death rate has been age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. ICD-10 codes used to identify drug overdose related deaths are X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, and Y10-Y14.Drug overdose deaths have increased dramatically in the US over the past two decades. The first wave of deaths in the 1990s largely involved prescription opioids and was a consequence of increased prescribing of these drugs by medical providers. In the second wave that began in 2010, there was a rapid increase in the number of deaths involving heroin and, in the current wave that started in 2013, there has been a rise in the number of overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids, particularly illicitly manufactured fentanyl, which can be found in combination with heroin, counterfeit pills, cocaine, and other drugs. In Los Angeles County in recent years, the vast majority of all drug overdose deaths have involved fentanyl. Important inequities have been noted by sociodemographic characteristics, with low-income and Black individuals found to have the highest overdose death rates. Cities and communities can take an active role in preventing overdose deaths by promoting primary prevention and supporting evidence-based harm reduction and treatment strategies.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

Rank, number of deaths, percentage of deaths, and age-specific mortality rates for the leading causes of death, by age group and sex, 2000 to most recent year.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Fentanyl Transdermal Patches market size is USD XX million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.10% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market of more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.3% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a share of over 30% of the global market size of USD XX million.
Asia Pacific held the market of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.1% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America market of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa held the major market of around 2% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.8% from 2024 to 2031.
The Cancer Pain held the highest Fentanyl Transdermal Patches market revenue share in 2024.

Market Dynamics of Fentanyl Transdermal Patches Market

Key Drivers for Fentanyl Transdermal Patches Market

Rising Incidence of Chronic Pain to Propel the Market Revenue Growth

The increased frequency of chronic pain issues, such as neuropathic pain, pain associated with cancer, and pain from musculoskeletal disorders, is driving the need for effective pain management therapies like fentanyl transdermal patches. For example, a recent systematic analysis including studies from 2014 to 2021 found that 44% of cancer patients felt overall discomfort, per the National Institutes of Health study. 31% of the patients (as opposed to 38% of people in a 2016 review) reported having moderate-to-severe pain. 55% of patients with advanced metastatic and terminal cancer reported having discomfort, down from 66% in a 2016 analysis.

(Source:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10378332/#:~:text=In%20a%20recent%20systematic%20review,cancer%20was%2055%25%20(vs))

Rising Ageing Population to Boost Market Growth

Diseases associated with age including degenerative disc disorders and arthritis that cause chronic pain are more common as the world's population ages. The demand for painkillers, such as fentanyl patches, is fueled by this demographic shift. For instance, as per the World Health Organization report, among the musculoskeletal disorders, osteoarthritis is one of the major contributors to years lived with disability. Osteoarthritis is more common in the elderly (about 70% of those over 55), hence as the population ages, it is anticipated that its prevalence will rise globally. Osteoarthritis usually develops in the late 40s to mid-50s, although it can occasionally strike younger people, especially athletes and those who have had joint damage or injury. Women make for about 60% of the osteoarthritis population.

(Source: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/osteoarthritis).

Restraint Factor for the Fentanyl Transdermal Patches Market

Side Effects to Limit the Market Growth

Medication, constipation, sleepiness, lightheadedness, and itching at the patch site are typical adverse effects of fentanyl patches. One should speak with a healthcare professional about these adverse effects. A fatal overdose might result from the excessive potency of fentanyl if it is used inappropriately. When it comes to dosage and patch application, patients need to adhere to their doctor's orders. In order to prevent the potentially fatal release of fentanyl in one go, it is imperative that you do not cut, chew, or tamper with the patches.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Fentanyl Transdermal Patches Market

Production and delivery of pharmaceutical products, particularly fentanyl patches, were delayed and shortages resulted from the pandemic's disruption of global supply networks and manufacturing processes. The supply of these patches in some areas was impacted by manufacturers' struggles to get raw materials, keep workers available, and comply with regulations. Also, patients' choices for pain relief measures may have been impacted by worries about visiting medical facilities during the pandemic. Self-administered transdermal patches provide an at-home treatment option that may have grown more enticing to certain patients during...

We collect data and report statistics on opioid, stimulant, and other substance use and their impact on health and well-being.

Fentanyl Market Outlook

The global fentanyl market size is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated CAGR of 4.7% from 2024 to 2032. In 2023, the market size was valued at USD 21.5 billion and is expected to reach approximately USD 32.1 billion by 2032. This growth is driven by several factors, including the increasing prevalence of chronic pain, advancements in drug delivery systems, and the rising demand for effective pain management solutions.

One of the primary growth factors for the fentanyl market is the increasing prevalence of chronic pain conditions, such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. As the global population ages, the incidence of these conditions is expected to rise, driving demand for potent analgesics like fentanyl. Additionally, the growing awareness of chronic pain management and the necessity for effective opioid analgesics further fuel the market's expansion. Pain management has become a crucial aspect of healthcare, with patients seeking long-term relief from debilitating pain, thereby boosting the demand for fentanyl-based medications.

Advancements in drug delivery systems have significantly impacted the fentanyl market, offering more efficient and user-friendly options for patients. Innovations such as transdermal patches, sublingual tablets, and nasal sprays have improved the bioavailability and ease of administration of fentanyl, leading to increased adoption. These advanced delivery systems provide more consistent and controlled pain relief, which is particularly beneficial for patients with chronic conditions. The ongoing research and development in this area are likely to introduce even more sophisticated and safer delivery methods, further propelling the market growth.

The rising demand for effective pain management solutions, particularly in palliative care and anesthesia, is another crucial growth factor. Fentanyl is widely used in surgical procedures and for managing severe pain in cancer patients. The increasing number of surgical procedures and cancer diagnoses worldwide contributes to the heightened demand for fentanyl. Moreover, the opioid's potency and rapid onset of action make it a preferred choice among healthcare providers for managing acute and breakthrough pain, thereby fostering market growth.

Regionally, North America holds a significant share of the fentanyl market, driven by high healthcare expenditure, well-established healthcare infrastructure, and the prevalence of chronic pain conditions. The region's focus on advanced pain management therapies and the presence of major pharmaceutical companies further support market growth. However, stringent regulations and rising concerns about opioid abuse and addiction pose challenges. Other regions, such as Asia Pacific, are witnessing rapid market growth due to the increasing healthcare expenditure, improving healthcare infrastructure, and growing awareness of pain management solutions.

Product Type Analysis

The fentanyl market is segmented by product type, including injectable, transdermal, sublingual, nasal spray, and others. Each product type offers unique advantages and caters to different patient needs, contributing to the overall market growth. Injectable fentanyl remains a staple in clinical settings, particularly for anesthesia and acute pain management. Its rapid onset and high potency make it suitable for use in emergency and surgical situations. Despite concerns about the risk of overdose and addiction, the demand for injectable fentanyl persists, driven by its efficacy and widespread use in hospitals and surgical centers.

The transdermal segment has gained significant traction due to its non-invasive nature and ability to provide sustained pain relief. Transdermal fentanyl patches are particularly beneficial for patients with chronic pain conditions, offering a convenient and consistent method of drug delivery. These patches ensure a steady release of fentanyl over an extended period, reducing the need for frequent dosing and improving patient compliance. The development of advanced transdermal delivery systems, incorporating features such as tamper-resistant designs, further enhances their appeal and market adoption.

Sublingual fentanyl products, including tablets and sprays, are designed for rapid absorption through the mucous membranes, providing quick relief for breakthrough pain. These products are particularly useful for cancer patients experiencing sudden episodes of severe pain that cannot be managed by their regular pain medication. The ease of administration and rapid onset of action

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between cumulative fentanyl dose during neonatal intensive care and 5-year neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes in very preterm infants.Materials and MethodsPatient demographics and clinical factors during the perinatal and neonatal course were collected in 84 patients born between 23- and 30-weeks gestational age (GA). Cumulative fentanyl dose during neonatal intensive care was calculated. Developmental testing at age 5 years included the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient, Third Edition, Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Preschool, Second Edition, Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2), and Shape School Assessment. Socioemotional outcomes were assessed via caregiver's responses on the Child Behavior Checklist/1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5.5) and Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2). Covariates were identified on bivariate analysis (p < 0.1). Linear regression models related outcome measures to the log of cumulative fentanyl dose adjusted for covariates.ResultsHigher cumulative fentanyl dose was associated with lower composite motor scores on bivariate analysis (p < 0.01). Cumulative fentanyl dose did not correlate with composite intelligence quotient, language, or executive function. The Clinical Risk Index for Babies score, log of mechanical ventilation, inotrope, and anesthesia duration, and log of cumulative midazolam and hydrocortisone dose were also associated with MABC-2 scores (p < 0.1). Cumulative fentanyl dose was not associated with composite MABC-2 scores on multiple linear regression. Higher cumulative fentanyl dose was associated with decreased socioemotional problems based on caregiver's response on CBCL/1.5-5.5 t-scores driven by fewer symptoms of depression. The McMaster Family Assessment Device general functioning scale score, maternal age, GA, log of total parenteral nutrition days, patent ductus arteriosus requiring treatment, and log of inotrope hours were also associated with CBCL/1.5-5.5 t-scores (p < 0.1). Cumulative fentanyl dose (p = 0.039) and family dysfunction score (p = 0.002) remained significant after controlling for covariates on multiple linear regression.ConclusionCumulative fentanyl dose during neonatal intensive care did not correlate with 5-year motor, cognitive, or language outcomes after controlling for other variables. Fentanyl dose was associated with caregiver reported total socioemotional problems on the CBCL/1.5-5.5 on multivariate modeling. Additional long-term studies are needed to fully elucidate the safety of fentanyl in very preterm neonates.

The goal of this study was to address a critical gap in the literature regarding age-dependent effects in opioid (remifentanil and fentanyl) self-administration. Male and female C57Bl/6J and C57Bl/6NJ mice were divided into young (mean: 19 weeks) and old (mean: 101 weeks) groups and were trained to self-administer intravenous fentanyl or remifentanil in daily operant sessions. Acquisition, intake, and cue-responding after forced abstinence were measured for both drugs, and a dose-response curve and dose-escalation were conducted for remifentanil and fentanyl, respectively. Surprisingly, old mice learned to self-administer both remifentanil and fentanyl faster and more accurately than young mice. Baseline intake of remifentanil was also greater in old mice compared to the young group; however, we did not see increased intake of fentanyl with age at either dose tested. Furthermore, old mice showed greater responding for cues previously associated with remifentanil after a forced abstinence, but this result is not observed with fentanyl.

IntroductionThe aim was to assess the associations between morphine, fentanyl and adverse events in primary care patients.MethodsA retrospective, propensity-score-weighted cohort study using a primary-care database covering >75% population of Catalonia, Spain was conducted. Patients aged ≥18 years with ≥1 year of available data and incident dispensation of morphine or fentanyl, were included from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2017. Outcomes were all-cause mortality, cardiac arrhythmias, fractures (hip, pelvis, vertebra, wrist, humerus), constipation, delirium, falls, opioid abuse/dependence, and sleep disorders while on treatment. Risk ratios (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using cause-specific Cox models.ResultsA total of 12,632 patients (3,040 with morphine and 9,695 with fentanyl) were included (median [IQR] age, 78.4 [63.8; 86.1] years; 63.6% female). Compared with morphine, fentanyl dispensation was associated with a higher risk of fractures (incidence: 6.92 vs. 4.13 per 1,000 dispensations-month; HR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.15–2.32]; RR, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.25–2.53]), especially in men and in those 80 years old. No difference was observed for the rest of outcomes.ConclusionAmong outpatients, a new prescription dispensation of fentanyl, compared with morphine, was associated with a higher risk of fractures. The findings should be interpreted cautiously given the potential for residual confounding.

We aimed to study the effect of fentanyl (Fen) preconditioning on cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. A total of 120 Sprague Dawley male rats (age: 3 months) were randomly divided into: sham operation group (S group), I/R group, normal saline I/R group (NS group), and fentanyl low, middle, and high dose groups (Fen1: 2 μg/kg; Fen2: 4 μg/kg; Fen3: 6 μg/kg). Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), ±dp/dtmax, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, creatine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) were measured. Myocardial ischemic (MI) area, total apoptotic myocardial cells, and protein and mRNA expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bax were detected. HR and MAP were higher, while LVDP and ±dp/dtmax were close to the base value in the Fen groups compared to those in the I/R group. Decreased MDA concentration and CK-MB value and increased SOD activity were found in the Fen groups compared to the I/R group, while cTnI concentration was significantly lower in the Fen1 and Fen2 groups (all P

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether sufentanil can reduce emergence delirium in children undergoing transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) after sevoflurane-based cardiac anesthesia. Methods: From February 2019 to May 2019, 68 children who underwent transthoracic device closure of VSD at our center were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups: 36 patients in group S, who were given sufentanil and sevoflurane-based cardiac anesthesia, and 32 patients in group F, who were given fentanyl and sevoflurane-based cardiac anesthesia. The following clinical data were recorded: age, sex, body weight, operation time, and bispectral index (BIS). After the children were sent to the intensive care unit (ICU), pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) and face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) scale scores were also assessed. The incidence of adverse reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, drowsiness and dizziness, was recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in age, sex, body weight, operation time or BIS value between the two groups. Extubation time (min), PEAD score and FLACC scale score in group S were significantly better than those in group F (P

BackgroundNurse-directed pain protocols for intranasal fentanyl administration are not widely implemented in European (EU) pediatric emergency departments (PED). Barriers include perceived safety concerns for intranasal (IN) fentanyl. The aim of this study is to describe our experience with a nurse-directed triage IN fentanyl protocol with a focus on safety in a tertiary EU PED.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patient records of children aged 0–16 years who received nurse-directed IN fentanyl between January 2019 and December 2021 at the PED of the University Children's Hospital of Bern, Switzerland. Extracted data points included demographics, presenting complaint, pain score, IN fentanyl dosage, concomitant pain medication use, and adverse events.ResultsA total of 314 patients were identified with ages ranging from 9 months to 15 years. The main indication for nurse-directed fentanyl administration was musculoskeletal pain due to trauma (n = 284, 90%). Mild adverse events (vertigo) were reported in two patients (0.6%), without a correlation to concomitant pain medication or protocol violation. The only reported severe adverse event of syncope and hypoxia in a 14-year-old adolescent occurred in a setting where the institutional nurse-directed protocol was violated.ConclusionIn accordance with previous studies outside of Europe, our data support the case that when appropriately used, nurse-directed IN fentanyl is a safe potent opioid analgesic for pediatric acute pain management. We strongly encourage the introduction of nurse-directed triage fentanyl protocols Europe-wide in order to provide effective and adequate acute pain management in children.

Multivariate regression analysis was performed using the Stepwise method (independent variables: Genotypes of rs3845446 SNP, sex, and age). Beta represents the regression coefficient.

During 2023, there were a total of 8,606 deaths from opioid overdose in Canada, 2,648 of which occurred in the province of Ontario. This statistic shows the number of deaths from opioid overdose in Canada in 2023, by province. Opioid Use and Misuse Opioids are commonly prescribed as both short-term and long-term pain management strategies. Unfortunately, opioids are sometimes used problematically, including taking increased amounts, tampering with the route of administration, or using with the goal to improve mood, all of which can lead to addiction, overdose, and even death. In 2023, there were around 6,462 hospitalizations in Canada due to opioid poisoning. Opioid Crisis in Canada Among Canadian adults, the majority view the opioid issues of the country as a serious problem or a crisis. Moreover, many opioid deaths also involve the use of a stimulant, which adds to the polysubstance nature of the opioid crisis. Efforts against the opioid crisis in Canada are multi-faceted. One way is focused on reducing possible harm from using illicit opioid sources such as heroin or other street opioids through the use of opioid agonist treatment methods including methadone and naloxone.