The statistic shows the adult mortality rate in Ethiopia from 2013 to 2023, by gender. According to the source, the adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60 - that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages. In 2023, the mortality rate for women was at 148.81 per 1,000 female adults, while the mortality rate for men was at 246.06 per 1,000 male adults in Ethiopia.

Adults (ages 15+) and children (0-14 years) living with HIV in Ethiopia was reported at 610000 Persons in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Adults (ages 15+) and children (0-14 years) living with HIV - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

Male adult mortality rate of Ethiopia dipped by 2.07% from 251.3 deaths per 1,000 male adults in 2022 to 246.1 deaths per 1,000 male adults in 2023. Since the 9.18% surge in 2021, male adult mortality rate dropped by 12.38% in 2023. Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages.

This statistic shows the age structure in Ethiopia from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, about 39.37 percent of Ethiopia's total population were aged 0 to 14 years.

Adults (ages 15+) and children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV in Ethiopia was reported at 8300 ages 15+ in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Adults (ages 15+) and children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 25+ data was reported at 88.568 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 93.038 % for 2013. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 25+ data is updated yearly, averaging 93.038 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 94.860 % in 1994 and a record low of 83.092 % in 1999. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 25+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Labour Organization. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.ILO.LFS: Labour Force Participation Rate: By Sex and Age: Annual.

148.8 (deaths per 1,000 female adults) in 2023. Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages.

Adults (ages 15+) living with HIV in Ethiopia was reported at 570000 Persons in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Adults (ages 15+) living with HIV - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Abstract

The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) is the fourth Demographic and Health Survey conducted in Ethiopia. It was implemented by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) at the request of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH). The primary objective of the 2016 EDHS is to provide up-to-date estimates of key demographic and health indicators. The EDHS provides a comprehensive overview of population, maternal, and child health issues in Ethiopia. More specifically, the 2016 EDHS: - Collected data at the national level that allowed calculation of key demographic indicators, particularly fertility and under-5 and adult mortality rates - Explored the direct and indirect factors that determine levels and trends of fertility and child mortality ? Measured levels of contraceptive knowledge and practice - Collected data on key aspects of family health, including immunisation coverage among children, prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases among children under age 5, and maternity care indicators such as antenatal visits and assistance at delivery - Obtained data on child feeding practices, including breastfeeding - Collected anthropometric measures to assess the nutritional status of children under age 5, women age 15-49, and men age 15-59 - Conducted haemoglobin testing on eligible children age 6-59 months, women age 15-49, and men age 15-59 to provide information on the prevalence of anaemia in these groups - Collected data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS and evaluated potential exposure to the risk of HIV infection by exploring high-risk behaviours and condom use - Conducted HIV testing of dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected from women age 15-49 and men age 15-59 to provide information on the prevalence of HIV among adults of reproductive age - Collected data on the prevalence of injuries and accidents among all household members - Collected data on knowledge and prevalence of fistula and female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) among women age 15-49 and their daughters age 0-14 - Obtained data on women’s experience of emotional, physical, and sexual violence.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49
• Man age 15-59
• Health facility

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), women age 15-49 years and men age 15-59 years resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling frame used for the 2016 EDHS is the Ethiopia Population and Housing Census (PHC), which was conducted in 2007 by the Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency. The census frame is a complete list of 84,915 enumeration areas (EAs) created for the 2007 PHC. An EA is a geographic area covering on average 181 households. The sampling frame contains information about the EA location, type of residence (urban or rural), and estimated number of residential households. With the exception of EAs in six zones of the Somali region, each EA has accompanying cartographic materials. These materials delineate geographic locations, boundaries, main access, and landmarks in or outside the EA that help identify the EA. In Somali, a cartographic frame was used in three zones where sketch maps delineating the EA geographic boundaries were available for each EA; in the remaining six zones, satellite image maps were used to provide a map for each EA.

Administratively, Ethiopia is divided into nine geographical regions and two administrative cities. The sample for the 2016 EDHS was designed to provide estimates of key indicators for the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas separately, and for each of the nine regions and the two administrative cities.

The 2016 EDHS sample was stratified and selected in two stages. Each region was stratified into urban and rural areas, yielding 21 sampling strata. Samples of EAs were selected independently in each stratum in two stages. Implicit stratification and proportional allocation were achieved at each of the lower administrative levels by sorting the sampling frame within each sampling stratum before sample selection, according to administrative units in different levels, and by using a probability proportional to size selection at the first stage of sampling.

For further details on sample design, see Appendix A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Five questionnaires were used for the 2016 EDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, the Man’s Questionnaire, the Biomarker Questionnaire, and the Health Facility Questionnaire. These questionnaires, based on the DHS Program’s standard Demographic and Health Survey questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Ethiopia. Input was solicited from various stakeholders representing government ministries and agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and international donors. After all questionnaires were finalised in English, they were translated into Amarigna, Tigrigna, and Oromiffa.

Cleaning operations

All electronic data files for the 2016 EDHS were transferred via IFSS to the CSA central office in Addis Ababa, where they were stored on a password-protected computer. The data processing operation included secondary editing, which required resolution of computer-identified inconsistencies and coding of openended questions; it also required generating a file for the list of children for whom a vaccination card was not seen by the interviewers and whose vaccination records had to be checked at health facilities. The data were processed by two individuals who took part in the main fieldwork training; they were supervised by two senior staff from CSA. Data editing was accomplished using CSPro software. During the duration of fieldwork, tables were generated to check various data quality parameters and specific feedback was given to the teams to improve performance. Secondary editing and data processing were initiated in January 2016 and completed in August 2016.

Response rate

A total of 18,008 households were selected for the sample, of which 17,067 were occupied. Of the occupied households, 16,650 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 98%.

In the interviewed households, 16,583 eligible women were identified for individual interviews. Interviews were completed with 15,683 women, yielding a response rate of 95%. A total of 14,795 eligible men were identified in the sampled households and 12,688 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 86%. Although overall there was little variation in response rates according to residence, response rates among men were higher in rural than in urban areas.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: non-sampling errors and sampling errors. Non-sampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding the questions by either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2016 Ethiopia DHS (EDHS) to minimise this type of error, non-sampling errors are impossible to avoid and are difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2016 EDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, by using the same design and the expected size. Each of those samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

Sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (such as mean or percentage), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2016 EDHS sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulae. Sampling errors are computed in either ISSA or SAS, with programs developed by ICF International. These programs use the Taylor linearisation method of variance estimation for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in Appendix B of the survey final report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables - Household age distribution - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men - Completeness of reporting - Births by calendar

51.8 (%) in 2017. Adult (15+) literacy rate (%). Total is the percentage of the population age 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of literates aged 15 years and over by the corresponding age group population and multiplying the result by 100.

Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data was reported at 68.253 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 81.238 % for 2013. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data is updated yearly, averaging 68.253 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 82.019 % in 2005 and a record low of 51.600 % in 1981. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Labour Organization. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.ILO.LFS: Labour Force Participation Rate: By Sex and Age: Annual.

Women's share of population ages 15+ living with HIV (%) in Ethiopia was reported at 61.61 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Ethiopia - Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Female: Youth Adults: Aged 15-24 data was reported at 49.484 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 70.847 % for 2013. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Female: Youth Adults: Aged 15-24 data is updated yearly, averaging 66.030 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.934 % in 2005 and a record low of 49.484 % in 2021. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Female: Youth Adults: Aged 15-24 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Labour Organization. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.ILO.LFS: Labour Force Participation Rate: By Sex and Age: Annual.

Ethiopia ET: Account: Older Adults: % Aged 25+ data was reported at 25.588 % in 2014. Ethiopia ET: Account: Older Adults: % Aged 25+ data is updated yearly, averaging 25.588 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2014, with 1 observations. Ethiopia ET: Account: Older Adults: % Aged 25+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Banking Indicators. Denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else). For 2011, this can be an account at a bank or another type of financial institution, and for 2014 this can be a mobile account as well (see year-specific definitions for details) (% age 25+). [ts: data are available for multiple waves].; ; Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2015, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.; Weighted average;

Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data was reported at 79.200 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 88.390 % for 2013. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data is updated yearly, averaging 79.730 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 89.910 % in 2005 and a record low of 69.200 % in 1987. Ethiopia Labour Force Participation Rate: Male: Youth Adults: Aged 15+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Labour Organization. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.ILO.LFS: Labour Force Participation Rate: By Sex and Age: Annual.

Mean, median, 95% CI for mean and 2.5th-97.5th percentile of clinical chemistry reference values in relation to age profile of healthy adults in Gojjam, Zones, Amahra National Regional State,Northwest Ethiopia.

Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Female: per 1000 Female Adults data was reported at 193.616 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 198.692 Ratio for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Female: per 1000 Female Adults data is updated yearly, averaging 365.610 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 438.492 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 193.616 Ratio in 2016. Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Female: per 1000 Female Adults data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Health Statistics. Adult mortality rate, female, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old female dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The Human Mortality Database.; Weighted average;

VA-Verbal Autopsy.Specific causes of adult deaths by age in northern Ethiopia from September 2009 to January 2013 (n = 723).

Distribution of socio-demographic and economic characteristics by hypertension among adults aged 25–64 years in Wolaita, southern Ethiopia 2018 (n = 2483).

Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Male: per 1000 Male Adults data was reported at 245.285 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 250.154 Ratio for 2015. Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Male: per 1000 Male Adults data is updated yearly, averaging 415.954 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 499.054 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 245.285 Ratio in 2016. Ethiopia ET: Mortality Rate: Adult: Male: per 1000 Male Adults data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank: Health Statistics. Adult mortality rate, male, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old male dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The Human Mortality Database.; Weighted average;