Estonia donated the most significant percentage of its 2021 gross domestic product (GDP) to help Ukraine over the period between January 24, 2022, and February 28, 2025. Estonia contributed 2.34 percent of its GDP in bilateral aid, followed by Denmark with 2.32 percent of GDP. Besides the Nordic and Baltic countries, Poland donated the largest share of GDP. Western countries sent aid to Ukraine in view of the Russian invasion that began in February 2022. Who donated the most to Ukraine? In absolute terms, the largest bilateral aid allocations to Ukraine were made by the United States, at over 114 billion euros as of February 28, 2025. European Union (EU) institutions, such as the European Commission and the European Council, allocated the second-largest amount of assistance, at almost 52.1 billion euros. The United Kingdom (UK) was the fourth-leading source of bilateral aid. EU aid to Ukraine The EU has supported Ukraine with over 17 billion euros in financial assistance since 2014 as of January 2022. Of them, the largest share of aid has been provided as additional loans from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Among EU members, Germany allocated the largest amount of bilateral aid to Ukraine from January 24, 2022, at around 17 billion euros, while Estonia allocated the largest share of GDP.

From January 24, 2022, to February 28, 2025, the European Union (EU) institutions, such as the Commission and the EU Council, provided around 52.1 billion euros in bilateral financial, humanitarian, and military aid to Ukraine in view of the Russian invasion that started in February 2022. The highest value of allocations was recorded from the United States at over 114 billion euros. U.S. aid to Ukraine As of February 28, 2025, the value of U.S. bilateral aid allocations to Ukraine represented 0.53 percent of 2021 donor GDP. The U.S. donated the largest amount of bilateral military, financial, and humanitarian aid to Ukraine. Generally, U.S. foreign aid to Ukraine has increased since 2015. Where does military aid to Ukraine come from? The U.S., Germany, the United Kingdom (UK), and Denmark were the largest suppliers of military aid to Ukraine. In monetary terms, the U.S. bilateral military assistance to the country reached approximately 64.6 billion euros as of February 28, 2025. As part of that aid, the U.S. transported over 7,700 air defense missiles and over 1,600 air defense systems to Ukraine and other European partners as of January 2025. Furthermore, the U.S. delivered the most units of M777 howitzer artillery to the country.

From January 24, 2022, to June 30, 2024, Europe provided over 118 billion euros in aid to Ukraine in response to the Russian invasion that began in February 2022. Additionally, commitments were made to provide a further 74 billion euros in aid. During the same period, the United States supported Ukraine with 85 billion euros and committed an additional 15 billion euros.

Ukraine UA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 3.413 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.672 % for 2016. Ukraine UA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 2.829 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2017, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.125 % in 1997 and a record low of 0.465 % in 1993. Ukraine UA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.World Bank.WDI: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.); ; Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.; Weighted average; Data for some countries are based on partial or uncertain data or rough estimates.

The average for 2022 based on 130 countries was 1147.12 million U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Ukraine: 28732.43 million U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in China: -282.32 million U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Between 2022 and 2024 Europe provided a total of 118.2 billion euros in aid to Ukraine in response to the Russian invasion that began in February 2022. Of all the countries, Germany contributed the most, providing over 15 billion euros, followed by the UK with almost 14 billion euros.

In 2023, the military spending worldwide amounted to 2.44 trillion U.S. dollars, which was the highest during the period under consideration. Comparatively, global military spending was at 1.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2001, and at 1.7 trillion U.S. dollars in 2010, past the peak of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The Russia-Ukraine War The Russia-Ukraine War has been a major driver of more recent military spending increases. From 2021 to 2022, the ratio of Ukraine’s military spending to their GDP increased substantially from 3.8 percent to 33.5 percent. By comparison, this ratio increased in Russia from 3.6 percent in 2021 to only 4 percent in 2022. As a result, large amounts of bilateral aid have gone towards Ukraine. While EU institutions have contributed the most in total, the United States has contributed the most military aid towards Ukraine. Spending by nation Globally, the United States had the largest amount of military spending by large in 2023. The United States spent nearly 916 billion U.S. dollars in 2023 towards defense, compared to 296 billion U.S. dollars and 109 billion U.S. dollars spent by China and Russia respectively. As a percentage of GDP, Ukraine spent the most globally, contributing nearly 37 percent of their GDP to defense, followed by Algeria at 8.2 percent and Saudi Arabia at 7.1 percent.

Ukraine GDP: Administrative and Support Service Activities data was reported at 20,418.000 UAH mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 18,830.000 UAH mn for Sep 2024. Ukraine GDP: Administrative and Support Service Activities data is updated quarterly, averaging 9,156.500 UAH mn from Mar 2010 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20,418.000 UAH mn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 2,756.000 UAH mn in Mar 2011. Ukraine GDP: Administrative and Support Service Activities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.A005: SNA 2008: GDP: by Industry. Data release delayed due to the Ukraine-Russia conflict. No estimation on next release date can be made.

As a share of gross domestic product (GDP), Ukraine spent more on its military than any other country in 2023, reaching 37 percent of the country's GDP. The high figure is due to the country being invaded by Russia in February 2022. Algeria and Saudi Arabia followed behind.Leading military spending countriesIn gross terms, the countries with the highest military spending are the United States, China, and Russia. However, these are countries with large populations and GDPs, and smaller countries usually cannot compete alone, regardless of how much they invest. For this reason, they form alliances such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). NATO countries aim to pool two percent of their GDP towards their own militaries and to aid each other in case of war. Regional differencesThe past decade has seen an increase in global military spending. This has not been distributed evenly. That period saw large positive changes in military spending from several Asian countries, including a large increase from China. While this does not reflect the number of active conflicts, it reflects growing tensions in global affairs.

In 2024, Poland's defense spending as a share of gross domestic product was **** percent, the highest of all NATO member states, followed by Estonia at **** percent, and then the United States at **** percent. It is a target of NATO that every member country should spend at least two percent of their GDP on defense. As of this year, it is estimated that all but eight of the alliance's 31 member states were meeting this target. The average expenditure on defense expenditure across all NATO member states was **** percent in 2024, compared with **** percent in the previous year. NATO, Trump, and the War in Ukraine Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 shook many European powers out of a creeping complacency that had set in since the end of the Cold War. It led directly to the applications of Sweden and Finland to the alliance in 2022, with the latter joining later that year. The conflict has however also underlined how Europe's security is still underpinned by American military power, with the United States the main contributor of military aid to Ukraine. Furthermore, in overall defense spending, the U.S. spends far more than the rest of NATO combined. The current Trump administration has frequently criticized NATO states that they see as taking advantage of this discrepancy, urging other members to reach and even exceed the two percent threshold. Article 5 triggered in the aftermath of 9/11 While NATO was founded with the aim of deterring the Soviet Union in the Cold War, its central defense clause "Article 5" whereby an attack on one member is considered an attack on all, has only been triggered once; after the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States. NATO's involvement in the subsequent War in Afghanistan was a direct result of this, with troops supporting the operation from across the alliance. Although NATO's focus drifted towards counter-insurgency, and the threat from terrorism in this period, its original purpose has become far more important recently.

Ukraine GDP Deflator: YoY: Administrative and Support Service Activities data was reported at 29.600 % in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.300 % for Mar 2018. Ukraine GDP Deflator: YoY: Administrative and Support Service Activities data is updated quarterly, averaging 16.550 % from Mar 2011 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29.600 % in Jun 2018 and a record low of 1.500 % in Mar 2014. Ukraine GDP Deflator: YoY: Administrative and Support Service Activities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.A012: SNA 2008: GDP Deflator: Year on Year Growth.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, several Western countries have committed to Ukraine various types of infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs). As of December 2024 the United States has committed 352 IFVs, with the Netherlands committing 269 IFVs.

Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: Coal data was reported at 0.036 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.032 % for 2020. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: Coal data is updated yearly, averaging 0.016 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2021, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.089 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2015. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: Coal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Fossil Fuel Support: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total: End Use Electricity data was reported at 0.121 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.103 % for 2020. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total: End Use Electricity data is updated yearly, averaging 0.121 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2021, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.224 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.037 % in 2010. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total: End Use Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Ukraine GDP: 2016p: Administrative and Support Service Activities data was reported at 8,662.000 UAH mn in Dec 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,421.000 UAH mn for Sep 2019. Ukraine GDP: 2016p: Administrative and Support Service Activities data is updated quarterly, averaging 7,400.500 UAH mn from Mar 2010 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,662.000 UAH mn in Dec 2019 and a record low of 5,671.000 UAH mn in Mar 2011. Ukraine GDP: 2016p: Administrative and Support Service Activities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.A004: SNA 2008: GDP: by Industry: 2016 Price.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, several Western countries have sent Ukraine various types of artillery. As of December 2024, this includes 39 HIMARS systems, a multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) from the United States, which has proven one of the most effective artillery units in Ukraine's army.

Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Producer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: End Use Electricity data was reported at 0.000 % in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 % for 2020. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Producer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: End Use Electricity data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2021, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.028 % in 2012 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2021. Ukraine UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Producer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Tax Expenditure: End Use Electricity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Non OECD Member: Annual.

UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total data was reported at 0.887 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.513 % for 2020. UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 1.089 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2021, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.119 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.530 % in 2013. UA: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Consumer Support Estimate: as % of GDP: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Fossil Fuel Support by Beneficiary: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Germany allocated the highest monthly amount of financial support per Ukrainian refugee in accommodation, at 449 euros per month as of June 2022. Ireland followed with 412 euros monthly. The lowest figure was recorded in Poland at slightly over 15 euros. In Luxembourg, which ranked first among European countries by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, the monthly allocation exceeded 255 euros.

Despite some resistence from some members of the German governemtn, as of Febrary 2023, Germany has provided, amongst numerous other weapons and pieces of equipment, an air defence system Iris-T SLM, 20 rocket launchers 70mm on pick-up trucks with rockets, and 30 drone detection systems to Ukraine. 67 fridges for medical supplies and 36 ambulances have also been sent. Since the invasion of Ukraine by Russia other countries have provided military, humanitarian, and financial aid to Ukraine. In total, from January 1, 2022 to January 30, 2023 the German government has spent around 2.3 billion euros on military aid for Ukraine.