United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data was reported at 2.621 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.221 % for 2014. United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data is updated yearly, averaging 2.335 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2015, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.456 % in 1999 and a record low of -1.772 % in 2009. United States US: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Annual growth rate for value added in services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average; Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Examining the most heavily cited publications in labor economics from the early 1990s, I show that few of over 3,000 articles, citing them directly, replicates them. They are replicated more frequently using data from other time periods and economies, so that the validity of their central ideas has typically been verified. This pattern of scholarship suggests, beyond the currently required depositing of data and code upon publication, that there is little need for formal mechanisms for replication. The market for scholarship already produces replications of non-laboratory applied research.

Description: This dataset contains historical economic data spanning from 1871 to 2024, used in Jaouad Karfali’s research on Economic Cycle Analysis with Numerical Time Cycles. The study aims to improve economic forecasting accuracy through the 9-year cycle model, which demonstrates superior predictive capabilities compared to traditional economic indicators.

Dataset Contents: The dataset includes a comprehensive range of economic indicators used in the research, such as:

USGDP_1871-2024.csv – U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data. USCPI_cleaned.csv – U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI), cleaned and processed. USWAGE_1871-2024.csv – U.S. average wages data. EXCHANGEGLOBAL_cleaned.csv – Global exchange rates for the U.S. dollar. EXCHANGEPOUND_cleaned.csv – U.S. dollar to British pound exchange rates. INTERESTRATE_1871-2024.csv – U.S. interest rate data. UNRATE.csv – U.S. unemployment rate statistics. POPTOTUSA647NWDB.csv – U.S. total population data. Significance of the Data: This dataset serves as a foundation for a robust economic analysis of the U.S. economy over multiple decades. It was instrumental in testing the 9-year economic cycle model, which demonstrated an 85% accuracy rate in economic forecasting when compared to traditional models such as ARIMA and VAR.

Applications:

Economic Forecasting: Predicts a 1.5% decline in GDP in 2025, followed by a gradual recovery between 2026-2034. Economic Stability Analysis: Used for comparing forecasts with estimates from institutions like the IMF and World Bank. Academic and Institutional Research: Supports studies in economic cycles and long-term forecasting. Source & Further Information: For more details on the methodology and research findings, refer to the full paper published on SSRN:

https://ssrn.com/author=7429208 https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9626-7289

• Jaouad Karfali

United States US: Broad Money: Average Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 3.760 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.408 % for 2015. United States US: Broad Money: Average Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.143 % from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2016, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.955 % in 1971 and a record low of -2.741 % in 2010. United States US: Broad Money: Average Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Money Supply. Broad money (IFS line 35L..ZK) is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; ;

Graph and download economic data for Quarterly Financial Report: U.S. Corporations: Scientific Research and Development Services: Net Income Retained in Business (QFRNIRB547USNO) from Q4 2009 to Q1 2025 about R&D, legal, science, professional, finance, Net, corporate, business, income, services, industry, and USA.

United States Foreign LT Sec: UH: CS: Latin America: Chile data was reported at 15.642 USD bn in Apr 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 15.576 USD bn for Mar 2018. United States Foreign LT Sec: UH: CS: Latin America: Chile data is updated monthly, averaging 12.529 USD bn from Dec 2011 (Median) to Apr 2018, with 77 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.854 USD bn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 8.736 USD bn in Jan 2016. United States Foreign LT Sec: UH: CS: Latin America: Chile data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z046: Foreign Long Term Securities by US Holders: By Country.

Graph and download economic data for Noncyclical Rate of Unemployment (NROU) from Q1 1949 to Q4 2035 about NAIRU, long-term, projection, unemployment, rate, and USA.

United States US: GDP: USD: Gross National Income data was reported at 19,607.598 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 18,968.714 USD bn for 2016. United States US: GDP: USD: Gross National Income data is updated yearly, averaging 5,447.032 USD bn from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19,607.598 USD bn in 2017 and a record low of 546.400 USD bn in 1960. United States US: GDP: USD: Gross National Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Gap-filled total;

Graph and download economic data for U.S.-Chartered Depository Institutions; Treasury Securities; Asset, Level (BOGZ1FL763061100A) from 1945 to 2024 about U.S.-chartered, Treasury, securities, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Advance U.S. International Trade in Goods: Imports: Industrial Supplies (AITGIIS) from Jun 2025 to Jun 2025 about supplies, trade, imports, goods, industry, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Nonfinancial Corporate Business; Foreign Direct Investment in U.S. Real Estate Business (Market Value); Liability, Transactions (BOGZ1FU105114003A) from 1946 to 2024 about owned, foreign, transactions, real estate, nonfinancial, liabilities, business, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Shares of gross domestic product: Exports of goods (A253RE1Q156NBEA) from Q1 1947 to Q2 2025 about Shares of GDP, exports, goods, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Total Revenue for Business Schools and Computer and Management Training , Establishments exempt from federal income tax , Employer Firms (REVEF6114TAXEPT) from 2009 to 2022 about , and USA.

Graph and download economic data for U.S.-Chartered Depository Institutions; Treasury Securities; Asset, Transactions (BOGZ1FA763061100Q) from Q4 1946 to Q1 2025 about U.S.-chartered, transactions, Treasury, securities, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product: Real Estate (531) in the United States (USREALNGSP) from 1997 to 2023 about leases, finance, insurance, real estate, rent, private industries, GSP, private, industry, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Personal Saving (PMSAVE) from Jan 1959 to Jun 2025 about savings, personal, and USA.

United States US: Budgetary Central Government: Net Operating Balance data was reported at -123.840 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 166.281 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States US: Budgetary Central Government: Net Operating Balance data is updated quarterly, averaging -65.161 USD bn from Mar 2001 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 69 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 166.281 USD bn in Dec 2017 and a record low of -270.517 USD bn in Jun 2009. United States US: Budgetary Central Government: Net Operating Balance data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.IMF.IFS: Government Finance: Operations Statement: Quarterly.

Graph and download economic data for U.S.-Chartered Depository Institutions; Customers' Liability on Acceptances; Asset, Transactions (BOGZ1FA763069703A) from 1946 to 2024 about U.S.-chartered, transactions, liabilities, assets, and USA.

United States FFC: TC: Domestic: Foreign Currency data was reported at 3.007 USD bn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.306 USD bn for Dec 2017. United States FFC: TC: Domestic: Foreign Currency data is updated quarterly, averaging 2.418 USD bn from Mar 2003 to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.741 USD bn in Mar 2015 and a record low of 125.000 USD mn in Jun 2004. United States FFC: TC: Domestic: Foreign Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.KA023: US Financial Firms Claims on Foreigner: Quarterly.

United States FFC: MA: Foreign: Other data was reported at 9.000 USD mn in Mar 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 9.000 USD mn for Dec 2017. United States FFC: MA: Foreign: Other data is updated quarterly, averaging 3.000 USD mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44.000 USD mn in Dec 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Dec 2010. United States FFC: MA: Foreign: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.KA023: US Financial Firms Claims on Foreigner: Quarterly.