The total fertility rate of the world has dropped from around 5 children per woman in 1950, to 2.2 children per woman in 2025, which means that women today are having fewer than half the number of children that women did 75 years ago. Replacement level fertility This change has come as a result of the global demographic transition, and is influenced by factors such as the significant reduction in infant and child mortality, reduced number of child marriages, increased educational and vocational opportunities for women, and the increased efficacy and availability of contraception. While this change has become synonymous with societal progress, it does have wide-reaching demographic impact - if the global average falls below replacement level (roughly 2.1 children per woman), as is expected to happen in the 2050s, then this will lead to long-term population decline on a global scale. Regional variations When broken down by continent, Africa is the only region with a fertility rate above the global average, and, alongside Oceania, it is the only region with a fertility rate above replacement level. Until the 1980s, the average woman in Africa could expect to have 6-7 children over the course of their lifetime, and there are still several countries in Africa where women can still expect to have 5 or more children in 2025. Historically, Europe has had the lowest fertility rates in the world over the past century, falling below replacement level in 1975. Europe's population has grown through a combination of migration and increasing life expectancy, however even high immigration rates could not prevent its population from going into decline in 2021.

This table provides statistics on the Number of Births, Percent of Low/High Birth Weight, Birth Rate, Fertility Rate, Teen Birth Rate, Percent Maternal Prenatal Smoking . This indicator dataset contains information at both Local Geographic Area (for example, Lacombe, Red Deer - North, Calgary - West Bow, etc.) and Alberta levels. Local geographic area refers to 132 geographic areas created by Alberta Health (AH) and Alberta Health Services (AHS) based on census boundaries. This table is the part of "Alberta Health Primary Health Care - Community Profiles" report published March 2015.

It is presumed that the first humans migrated from Siberia to North America approximately twelve thousand years ago, where they then moved southwards to warmer lands. It was not until many centuries later that humans returned to the north and began to settle regions that are now part of Canada. Despite a few short-lived Viking settlements on Newfoundland around the turn of the first millennium CE, the Italian explorer Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot), became the first European to explore the coast of North America in the late 1400s. The French and British crowns both made claims to areas of Canada throughout the sixteenth century, but real colonization and settlement did not begin until the early seventeenth century. Over the next 150 years, France and Britain competed to take control of the booming fur and fishing trade, and to expand their overseas empires. In the Seven Year's War, Britain eventually defeated the French colonists in North America, through superior numbers and a stronger agriculture resources in the southern colonies, and the outcome of the war saw France cede practically all of it's colonies in North America to the British.

Increased migration and declining native populations

The early 1800s saw a large influx of migrants into Canada, with the Irish Potato Famine bringing the first wave of mass-migration to the country, with further migration coming from Scandinavia and Northern Europe. It is estimated that the region received just shy of one million migrants from the British Isles alone, between 1815 and 1850, which helped the population grow to 2.5 million in the mid-1800s and 5.5 million in 1900. It is also estimated that infectious diseases killed around 25 to 33 percent of all Europeans who migrated to Canada before 1891, and around a third of the Canadian population is estimated to have emigrated southwards to the United States in the 1871-1896 period. From the time of European colonization until the mid-nineteenth century, the native population of Canada dropped from roughly 500,000 (some estimates put it as high as two million) to just over 100,000; this was due to a mixture of disease, starvation and warfare, instigated by European migration to the region. The native population was generally segregated and oppressed until the second half of the 1900s; Native Canadians were given the vote in 1960, and, despite their complicated and difficult history, the Canadian government has made significant progress in trying to include indigenous cultures in the country's national identity in recent years. As of 2020, Indigenous Canadians make up more than five percent of the total Canadian population, and a higher birth rate means that this share of the population is expected to grow in the coming decades.

Independence and modern Canada

Canadian independence was finally acknowledged in 1931 by the Statute of Westminster, putting it on equal terms with the United Kingdom within the Commonwealth; virtually granting independence and sovereignty until the Canada Act of 1982 formalized it. Over the past century, Canada has had a relatively stable political system and economy (although it was hit particularly badly by the Wall Street Crash of 1929). Canada entered the First World War with Britain, and as an independent Allied Power in the Second World War; Canadian forces played pivotal roles in a number of campaigns, notably Canada's Hundred Days in WWI, and the country lost more than 100,000 men across both conflicts. The economy boomed in the aftermath of the Second World War, and a stream of socially democratic programs such as universal health care and the Canadian pension plan were introduced, which contributed to a rise in the standard of living. The post war period also saw various territories deciding to join Canada, with Newfoundland joining in 1949, and Nunavut in 1999. Today Canada is among the most highly ranked in countries in terms of civil liberties, quality of life and economic growth. It promotes and welcomes immigrants from all over the world and, as a result, it has one of the most ethnically diverse and multicultural populations of any country in the world. As of 2020, Canada's population stands at around 38 million people, and continues to grow due to high migration levels and life expectancy, and a steady birth rate.

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Baby Puffs And Snacks Market Size and Trends

The baby puffs and snacks market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.06 billion, at a CAGR of 5.36% between 2023 and 2028. The baby puffs and snacks market is experiencing significant growth, driven by several key factors. The increasing participation of women in the workforce has led to a higher demand for convenient and nutritious snack options for infants and toddlers. Moreover, packaging innovation continues to be a major trend in the market, with companies focusing on producing eco-friendly and reusable packaging to reduce waste and appeal to environmentally-conscious consumers. This makes baby food products an appealing option as they can combine health and nutrition with convenience. Organic baby foods and homemade alternatives are increasingly popular, offering pureed forms of vegetables and fruits free from chemicals and preservatives. However, the market faces challenges such as the declining birth rate and fertility rate in some regions, which may limit the size of the consumer base. Despite these challenges, the market is expected to continue growing due to the rising demand for healthy and convenient snack options for young children.

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The market is evolving to meet the growing demand for nutritious and convenient food options. With more women joining the workforce, parents seek ready-made puréed baby food and nutritious snacks that support toddler nutrition. As transitioning to solid foods becomes a crucial milestone, products like teething biscuits, yogurt melts, and rice cakes are designed to address allergen fears and supply chain disruptions. The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) is also enhancing the market by improving supply chain efficiency and ensuring non-GMO ingredients. Nutritional snacks, such as baby puffs, are crafted to be both convenient and healthful, catering to busy families who prioritize child health. This shift towards organic and allergen-free options reflects broader trends in consumer preferences for clean and wholesome foods.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million ' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018 - 2022 for the following segments.

Product Outlook

  Baby puffs
  Baby snacks





Region Outlook

  North America

    The U.S.
    Canada





  Europe

    U.K.
    Germany
    France
    Rest of Europe





  APAC

    China
    India


  South America

    Chile
    Brazil
    Argentina





  Middle East & Africa

    Saudi Arabia
    South Africa
    Rest of the Middle East & Africa

By Product Insights

The baby puffs segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The Baby Puffs and Snacks market caters to the nutritional needs of toddlers transitioning from liquid to solid food. With an increasing number of women in the workforce, the demand for ready-made baby food, including puffs and snacks, has surged. These products offer essential nutrients such as proteins, calcium, iron, and vitamin D, crucial for a toddler's growth. Packaging innovations, including leakage protection and extended shelf-life, have been instrumental in the growth of this market.

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The baby puffs segment accounted for USD 1.89 billion in 2018. Online sales have also gained popularity due to their convenience, especially among nuclear families with limited time for grocery shopping. Parental awareness regarding hygiene and food safety has led to the preference for high-quality, organic options. The baby products industry, including baby foods and infant snacks, has seen a trend towards nutritious, gluten-free, and advertising-free offerings. Regulatory restrictions ensure the safety and quality of these products. Parenting trends have shifted towards providing nutrient-rich snacks for babysitters to feed toddlers, making the market increasingly competitive. Family planning and the rise of nuclear families have further fueled the demand for convenient, nutritious snack options for toddlers.

Regional Analysis

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North America is estimated to contribute 30% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period. The baby puffs and snacks market caters to the nutritional needs of toddlers transitioning from liquid to solid food. As more women join the workforce, the demand for ready-made, nutritious baby food has surged. Innovations in packaging, such as leakage protection and extended shelf-life, have made these products convenient for busy parents. The baby puffs and sn

Among all countries that are part of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Turkey, followed by Korea, had the highest rate of Caesarean section births (or C-sections) in 2022. At that time, the rate of C-sections in Turkey was roughly 600 per 1,000 live births. Among global regions, Latin America and the Caribbean had the highest percentage of births that were delivered by C-section, while sub-Saharan Africa had the lowest rates of Cesarean section births. Cesarean section costs A Cesarean section is a form of birth where the baby is taken out through a surgical incision in the abdomen rather than a natural vaginal birth. The cost of a Cesarean section delivery varies globally, with the United States having the highest cost globally for Cesarean section deliveries, while Germany the lowest cost among selected countries worldwide. In the United States, C-sections are significantly more expensive than a delivery by vaginal birth. High C-sections rates in the U.S. Over the past 20 years the C-section rate in the U.S. has gradually been increasing with more stable trends in the past few years. It has been reported that many of the C-sections performed in the U.S. are elective and not necessary. Often, the risks of C-sections are greater than the benefits, when performed as an elective procedure. Therefore, the United States has a "healthy people target" for the c-section rate of first time, low-risk mothers. However, less than half of hospitals are meeting the national targets for Cesarean sections performed.