Globally, antidepressant usage has been on the rise. As of 2023, among select Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, Iceland, Portugal, and the UK were the biggest consumers of antidepressants. At that time, people in Iceland consumed antidepressants at a rate of about *** defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 people. Mental health globally Mental health disorders affect a significant proportion of the population, though addressing and understanding the prevalence of mental health is difficult due to regional differences in diagnostic criteria and understandings of mental health. Despite barriers to gathering data on mental health, there have been some global quantitative studies to help better understand certain conditions. It is suggested that mental health is among the top three health concerns among adults worldwide. Estimates propose that about ** percent of the overall population suffers from some mental health or substance use disorder. Depression and anxiety A global survey showed that the largest numbers of people with anxiety resided in locations in South-East Asia and the Americas. However, the highest distribution of cases of depression globally is among populations in South-East Asia and the Western Pacific. Both depression and anxiety disproportionately impact women in all regions of the world.

Based on pharmacy claims of those who filled at least one prescription for mental health medication in 2019, antidepressant use is most prevalent in West Virginia, Kentucky, Vermont, and New Hampshire. This statistic shows the percentage of patients (excluding those on government-sponsored benefits) who filled a prescription for antidepressants in the U.S. in 2019, by state.

Based on pharmacy claims in 2019, more than twice the amount of females than males were taking antidepressants. This statistic shows the percentage of individuals (excluding those on government-sponsored benefits) who filled a prescription for antidepressants in the U.S. in 2019, by age group and gender.

According to cognitive market research, the global antidepressant drugs market size was valued at USD xx billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD xx billion at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period.

Antidepressants are physician-recommended medications to treat depression. Depression is more than just a few days of moderate sadness.
 Antidepressant market growth has been positively influenced by the COVID-19 epidemic because of an increase in product sales related to the disaster.
The drug class segment is divided into reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin antagonists, and others.
The major depressive disorder segment dominated the market, with a market share of xx% in 2024.
The route of administration segment is divided into oral and injectable. The oral segment dominated the market, with a market share of xx% in 2024.
The hospital pharmacy segment dominated the market, with a market share of xx% in 2024.
North America garnered a major share in the antidepressant drugs market in 2024 and is expected to continue to dominate during the forecast period

Market Dynamics of the Antidepressant Drugs Market

Key Drivers of the Antidepressant Drugs Market

Growing awareness and reduced stigma will significantly expand the market growth

The growing awareness of psychological health concerns and the initiatives to lessen the stigma associated with seeking treatment are major factors propelling the market for antidepressant medications. Public knowledge of psychological health concerns, such as anxiety and depression, has grown as a result of developing awareness campaigns and educational initiatives. The number of individuals who identify the signs of mental health disorders and seek professional treatment will rise, which will raise the need for antidepressant drugs. Educating the public about mental health illnesses, accessible treatments, and the need to get assistance is the aim of educational efforts and programs. Media campaigns that feature true tales, celebrity endorsements, and accurate portrayals of psychological health issues contribute to public awareness.

Increased destigmatization of mental health issues propelling the market growth

As society's perceptions of mental health shift, there is a growing understanding of the prevalence and consequences of mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression. This changing view has led more people to seek care for mental health difficulties, increasing the demand for effective therapy. Moreover, the reduced stigma has encouraged pharmaceutical companies to invest in the development of new, more potent antidepressants. To satisfy the needs of numerous patients, the industry has expanded to provide a greater range of treatment options.

• For instance, the data updated by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in January 2022 shows depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in the US, and an estimated 46.9% of adolescents with a major depressive episode and significant impairment received treatment in the previous year. (Source:https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness )

Restraints of the Antidepressant Drugs Market

Side effects and safety concerns of antidepressant drugs may hamper the market growth

Patients may be reluctant to begin or continue antidepressant medication due to worries about potential side effects and their general well-being. Reduced market development and poorer solution rates may result from patient resistance and non-compliance. Regulations and warning labels have the potential to negatively affect consumers' perceptions and reduce their belief in the safety of antidepressant drugs, which can hinder the growth of the market. Unfavorable events and health issues may lead to legal actions and lawsuits against medication companies. Legal disputes may be detrimental to a business's profits, the reputation of an antidepressant, and consumer trust.

How Did COVID-19 Impact the Antidepressant Drugs Market

Antidepressant market growth has been positively influenced by the COVID-19 epidemic because of an increase in product sales related to the disaster. Furthermore, the market expansion has been helped by important tactics used by biotechn...

Global Antidepressant Medicine Use by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Based on pharmacy claims of those who filled at least one prescription for mental health medication in 2019, nearly twice as many teenage girls take antidepressants compared to teenage boys. This statistic shows the percentage of teenagers (excluding those on government-sponsored benefits) who filled a prescription for antidepressants in the U.S. from 2015 to 2019, by gender.

This dataset presents information on the age-sex specific dispensation rate for persons who filled at least one prescription of antidepressant or antianxiety medications by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical name from community pharmacies for Alberta, nine health regions, and five Alberta Health Services (AHS) Continuum Zones expressed as per 1000 population.

Data from Wigmore et al 'Genome-wide association study of antidepressant treatment resistance in a population-based cohort using health service prescription data and meta-analysis with GENDEP'. The Pharmacogenomics Journal 20, 329-341 (2020) DOI:10.1038/s41397-019-0067-3 This dataset consists of two sets of GWAS summary statistics: - case-control analysis of treatment resistance phenotype in the Generation Scotland and GENDEP samples (inverse variance weighted meta-analysis). Cases = 358, Controls = 3855. - quantitative stages of resistance phenotype in Generation Scotland. N = 3452.

"INTRODUCTION: Research in prescription pattern of antidepressants in Asia is lacking. This study aims to compare the antidepressants prescription pattern in Asia in 2003-2004 and 2013.

METHODS: The Research in East Asia Psychotropic Prescription Pattern on Antidepressants (REAP-AD) had worked collaboratively in 2003-2004 (REAP-AD 2003/2004) and 2013 (REAP-AD 2013) to study the prescription pattern of antidepressants in Asia. The REAP-AD 2013 study was conducted in China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand using a unified research protocol and questionnaire.

RESULTS: Forty psychiatric centers participated in REAP-AD 2013 and a total of 2,319 patients receive antidepressants were analyzed. In 2013, 39.6% of the antidepressant prescriptions were for diagnoses other thandepressive disorder compared with 38.4% in REAP-AD 2003/2004. Out of all the antidepressants listed in the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification index by the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Drug Statistics Methodology (Oslo), only 38% antidepressants were prescribed in participating centers in 2013 compared with 46% in REAP-AD 2003/2004. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were the most common antidepressant prescribed in the participating centers, which was similar to the 2003-2004 survey. Prescription of newer generation antidepressants had increased in 2013 survey； on the contrary, prescription of tricyclic antidepressants had reduced.

DISCUSSION: This study has contributed significantly in relation to the changing patterns of antidepressant use in all the participating Asian centers in the last 10 years. The findings are important in shaping optimal antidepressant prescription and future policy making."

These are peer-reviewed supplementary materials for the article 'A real-world analysis of antidepressant medications in US veterans aged 60 years and older: a comparative analysis' published in the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research.Table S1: Complete list of antidepressantsTable S2: Complete list of non-antidepressant augmentation drugsTable S3: Complete breakdown of baseline comorbiditiesTable S4: Outcomes by treatmentTable S5: Psychiatric hospitalization definitionTable S6: Average number of observation days in study for each treatment for each outcomeTable S7: Psychological hospitalization hazard ratios (reference = sertraline)Table S8: aHR for changing, augmenting, or hospitalization for patients with at least a 90-day observation period, right censored after 730 days (2 years)Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of antidepressants (AD) among older adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) by assessing treatment change, augmentation and hospitalization rates. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from the Veterans Affairs (VA) database, including 142,138 patients aged ≥60 years diagnosed with MDD. Patients prescribed bupropion, citalopram, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, mirtazapine, paroxetine, sertraline, or venlafaxine were included. Outcomes were treatment change, augmentation and hospitalization rates. Hazard ratios (aHRs) were calculated using sertraline as the reference. Results: Of the patients, 39.6% required augmentation, 18.1% changed antidepressant treatment and 13.3% were hospitalized. The corresponding incidence rate was 544, 124 and 122 events per 1000 person-years. Compared with sertraline, mirtazapine users had the highest AD change risk (aHR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.29–1.40), while duloxetine users had the lowest (aHR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83–0.92). Duloxetine also had the lowest augmentation risk (aHR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.86–0.92). Mirtazapine users also had the highest risks of augmentation (aHR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.12–1.18) and hospitalization (aHR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.23). Bupropion had the lowest hospitalization risk (aHR 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71–0.84). Conclusion: Antidepressant choice significantly influences treatment outcomes in older adults with MDD. Duloxetine demonstrated the best profile with the lowest risks of AD change and augmentation, while mirtazapine posed the highest risks of all three outcomes. Personalized treatment strategies are crucial to improving outcomes in this population.

In 2022, there were an estimated 5,863 overdose deaths in the U.S. from antidepressants, an increase from 1,798 deaths in 2000. This statistic presents the number of overdose deaths from antidepressants in the U.S. from 1999 to 2022.

BackgroundAntidepressant drug treatment may be associated with weight gain, but long-term studies are lacking.MethodsWe included 3,127 adults (1,701 women) from the REGICOR study, aged 55.6 (SD = 11.6) years on average in 2003–2006, living in the northeast of Spain. They had data at two time points (baseline and a median of 6.3 years later) on self-reported antidepressant use, body weight and height, and on baseline smoking, physical activity, diet quality, education, civil status, and depressive symptoms assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at follow-up. We defined four trajectories of antidepressant use as follows: never use, new use at follow-up, initial use discontinued, repeated use at both time points. We used multivariable linear models to estimate the association of these trajectories with the percentage of weight change. In people without obesity at baseline (n = 2,404), we also estimated the association with obesity incidence at follow-up.ResultsThe average 6-year weight gain was 0.53 kg (1.01% body weight), and 24.5% of the participants gained >5% of body weight. The majority (83.6%) of participants did not report any use of antidepressants, 6.2% initiated during follow-up, 5.1% discontinued it, and 5.1% reported their use at both time points. In multivariable analyses, compared to never users, all trajectories were associated with greater weight gain: +1.78% (0.57, 2.98) for initial use discontinued, +2.08% (0.97, 3.19) for new use at follow-up, and +1.98% (95% CI: 0.75, 3.20) for repeated use. In non-obese participants at baseline (n = 2,404), the odds ratio for becoming obese was 2.06 (1.03, 3.96) for repeated use and non-statistically significant for the other trajectories.ConclusionsIn a population-based adult cohort, repeated use of antidepressants was strongly associated with weight gain. New and discontinued use was associated with weight gain, but non-significantly to obesity incidence. Given the global obesity epidemic and the widespread use of antidepressants, weight management and metabolic monitoring should be encouraged and integrated into depression follow-up guidelines alongside antidepressant prescriptions.

Number of people using antidepressant drugs, number of people using antidepressant drugs by gender, number of people using antidepressant drugs by age, number of people using antidepressant drugs by business group, county or city

Introduction: Depression is responsible for the most part of the personal and socio-economic burden due to psychiatric disorders. Since antidepressant response clusters in families, pharmacogenetics represents a meaningful tool to provide tailored treatments and improve the prognosis of depression. Areas covered: This review aims to summarize and discuss the pharmacogenetics of antidepressant drugs in major depressive disorder, with a focus on the most replicated genes, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but also on the findings provided by new and promising analysis methods. In particular, multimarker tests such as pathway analysis and polygenic risk scores increase the power of detecting associations compared to the analysis of individual polymorphisms. Since genetic variants are not necessarily associated with a change in protein level, gene expression studies may provide complementary information to genetic studies. Finally, the pharmacogenetic tests that have been investigated for clinical application are discussed. Expert opinion: Despite the lack of widespread clinical applications, preliminary results suggest that pharmacogenetics may be useful to guide antidepressant treatment. The US Food and Drug Administration included pharmacogenetic indications in the labeling of several antidepressants. This represented an important official recognition of the clinical relevance of genetic polymorphisms in antidepressant treatment.

Response to treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) varies considerably between patients. The International SSRI Pharmacogenomics Consortium (ISPC) was formed with the primary goal of identifying genetic variation that may contribute to response to SSRI treatment of major depressive disorder. A genome-wide association study of 4-week treatment outcomes, measured using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17), was performed using data from 865 subjects from seven sites. The primary outcomes were percent change in HRSD-17 score and response, defined as at least 50% reduction in HRSD-17. Data from two prior studies, the Pharmacogenomics Research Network Antidepressant Medication Pharmacogenomics Study (PGRN-AMPS) and the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, were used for replication, and a meta-analysis of the three studies was performed (N=2394). Although many top association signals in the ISPC analysis map to interesting candidate genes, none were significant at the genome-wide level and the associations were not replicated using PGRN-AMPS and STAR*D data. The top association result in the meta-analysis of response represents SNPs 5′ upstream of the neuregulin-1 gene, NRG1 (P = 1.20E - 06). NRG1 is involved in many aspects of brain development, including neuronal maturation and variations in this gene have been shown to be associated with increased risk for mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. Replication and functional studies of these findings are warranted.

Dataset consists of 3 files:

drug_use.csv

census.csv

drug_names.csv

Drug and census data were derived from the following national resources in the public domain:

Drug statistics data:

https://sdb.socialstyrelsen.se/if_lak/val.aspx (download date: 24.10.2018)

http://www.norpd.no/ (download date: 24.10.2018)

http://www.medstat.dk/ (download date: 10.01.2018)

Census data:

https://statistikbanken.dk (download date: 24.10.2018)

https://www.ssb.no/ (download date: 24.10.2018)

http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se (download date: 10.01.2018)

The source data owners take no responsibily for interpretation or analysis of data performed by third parties. Source data owners should be attributed when data are used. Consult data owners websites for details about attribution.

File descriptions:

drug_use.csv

contains aggregated information about the number of unique users and the amount (measured in drug daily dose - DDD). Drugs are identified by ATC codes and counts are grouped by the following categorical variables:

country (DK, NO, SE) year (2007 - 2017) agegroup (5-9, 10-14, 15-19) sex (F, M)

The variables users_pr_1000 and ddd_pr_1000 are the results of dividing the variables n_users and ddd by the total population size in that country, year, agegroup and sex category. These census informations are also available in the census.csv file

census.csv contains census data for each country grouped by sex and age. Use this file if you want to calculate population denominators for alternative aggregations of data in the drug_use.csv file

drug_names.csv provides the drug name associated to each ATC code

In 2022, more than three million people were treated with antidepressants or mood regulating medicine in France, while not having a pathology diagnosed. With roughly 897,500 patients, the number of people treated with such medication was the highest within the age group 35 to 54 years old.

Can you please clarify what you require with regards to ‘types’ of antidepressants? We do not hold the clinical condition as to why something was prescribed, we categorise the data according to the British National Formulary (BNF). To help specify a list of 'types' we can match to our data source please use the BNF Code Information found in the NHSBSA Information Services Portal (Drug Data).

Protein-Protein, Genetic, and Chemical Interactions for Buckley NA (1998):Can the fatal toxicity of antidepressant drugs be predicted with pharmacological and toxicological data? curated by BioGRID (https://thebiogrid.org); ABSTRACT: Antidepressant drugs are among the most common drugs involved in fatal poisoning and large variations between antidepressant drugs have been noted. Despite the fact that a large number of studies have calculated a fatal toxicity index (FTI) for antidepressants, no serious attempts have been made to compare the differences in fatal toxicity against known pharmacological and toxicological differences in receptor affinity. It is potentially from such data that screening of drugs during their pre-clinical development can be facilitated. We examined correlations between the FTI and noradrenaline (norepinephrine)/serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) reuptake inhibition selectivity, the dose that is lethal to 50% of animals (LD50), lipid solubility, and antagonist activity at cholinergic, histaminergic, alpha-adrenergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors or sodium and potassium channel blocking effects. We obtained data on the number of fatal poisonings between 1983 and 1992 in England and Wales caused by a single antidepressant drug from the Department of Health in the UK. This number was divided by the number of prescriptions in England for these drugs over this time to derive a FTI of deaths per million prescriptions. The highest FTIs were for amoxapine, viloxazine, desipramine and dothiepin. Lofepramine, paroxetine and fluoxetine had very low FTIs. Using Poisson regression, there was a significant positive relationship between the FTI of antidepressant drugs and their lethal toxicity in animals, and measures of their cardiac effects. The relative noradrenaline/serotonin reuptake inhibition, lipid solubility and their potency at histamine H1, muscarinic and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors had no substantial association with the FTI. Limited data suggest that some cardiac effects and potency as a GABAA antagonist may be important predictors of significant toxicity. Further data using standardised bio-assays are needed to compare the direct cardiac effects of antidepressants. Thus, the best current pre-clinical indicator of fatal toxicity in humans is the LD50 in animal studies. Clearly, there are humane and practical reasons for developing a better pre-clinical indicator of toxicity in overdose for this rapidly expanding group of drugs.

Network meta-analysis data set re-analysed in "A new approach to evaluating loop inconsistency in network meta-analysis", Turner et al., Statistics in Medicine 2023. Analyses of the data were originally reported in "Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis" by Cipriani A et al (2013): https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60046-5. The summary data (by trial and treatment type) are published here by kind permission from the lead author Professor Andrea Cipriani. The variables included are study (study number), studyid (study name), treat (drug name), events (number who responded to treatment at 8 weeks), total (total number of patients).