Abstract: The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. NHD data was originally developed at 1:100,000-scale and exists at that scale for the whole country. This high-resolution NHD, generally developed at 1:24,000/1:12,000 scale, adds detail to the original 1:100,000-scale NHD. (Data for Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands was developed at high-resolution, not 1:100,000 scale.) Local resolution NHD is being developed where partners and data exist. The NHD contains reach codes for networked features, flow direction, names, and centerline representations for areal water bodies. Reaches are also defined on waterbodies and the approximate shorelines of the Great Lakes, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico. The NHD also incorporates the National Spatial Data Infrastructure framework criteria established by the Federal Geographic Data Committee.
Purpose: The NHD is a national framework for assigning reach addresses to water-related entities, such as industrial discharges, drinking water supplies, fish habitat areas, wild and scenic rivers. Reach addresses establish the locations of these entities relative to one another within the NHD surface water drainage network, much like addresses on streets. Once linked to the NHD by their reach addresses, the upstream/downstream relationships of these water-related entities--and any associated information about them--can be analyzed using software tools ranging from spreadsheets to geographic information systems (GIS). GIS can also be used to combine NHD-based network analysis with other data layers, such as soils, land use and population, to help understand and display their respective effects upon one another. Furthermore, because the NHD provides a nationally consistent framework for addressing and analysis, water-related information linked to reach addresses by one organization (national, state, local) can be shared with other organizations and easily integrated into many different types of applications to the benefit of all.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), prepared geographic information systems (GIS) layers for use in the West Virginia StreamStats application. The Digital Elevation Model and associated data were hydrologically conditioned, which is the process of burning in single line streams at the 1:24,000 scale into a digital elevation model to produce flow direction and flow accumulation grids. This data includes geotif images for a 10 meter digital elevation model, a flow direction, and a flow accumulation raster/grid image for the WV Streamstats area. The 34 HUCs represented by this dataset are 02070001, 02070002, 02070003, 02070004, 02070005, 02070006, 02070007, 05020001, 05020002,05020003, 05020004, 05020005, 05020006, 05030101, 05030106, 05030201, 05030202, 05030203, 05050001, 05050002, 05050003, 05050004,05050005, 05050006, 05050007, 05050008, 05050009, 05070101, 05070102, 05070201, 05070202, 05070204, 05090101, and 05090102.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), prepared hydro-conditioned geographic information systems (GIS) data layers for use in the updated New Jersey StreamStats 2022 application (U.S. Geological Survey, 2022). This update features improvements in base-elevation resolution from 10 meters to 10 feet and stream centerline hydrography from 1:24,000 to 1:2,400 scale. Hydro conditioning is the process of burning single-line stream centerlines at the 1:2,400 scale into a digital elevation model to produce flow direction and flow accumulation grids. This data release contains raster digital datasets for a 10-foot digital elevation model, a flow direction grid, and a flow accumulation grid for the updated New Jersey Streamstats 2022 application. The eleven 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUCs) represented by this dataset are 02020007, 02030103, 02030104, 02030105, 02040104, 02040105, 02040201, 02040202, 02040206, 02040301, and 02040302 (U.S. Geological Survey, 2016). The updated New Jersey StreamStats 2022 application provides access to spatial analytical tools that are useful for water-resources planning and management, as well as engineering and design purposes. The map-based user interface can be used to delineate drainage areas, determine basin characteristics, and estimate flow statistics, including instantaneous flood discharge, monthly flow-duration, and monthly low-flow frequency statistics for ungaged streams. References cited: U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, National Hydrography: U.S. Geological Survey, accessed February 4, 2022, at https://www.usgs.gov/national-hydrography. U.S. Geological Survey, 2022, StreamStats v4.6.2: U.S. Geological Survey, accessed February 4, 2022, at https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/.

The storm flow direction arrows indicate the direction that water should flow in the street gutters during a rainfall event.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Illinois Center for Transportation and the Illinois Department of Transportation, prepared hydro-conditioned geographic information systems (GIS) layers for use in the Illinois StreamStats application. These data were used to delineate drainage basins and compute basin characteristics for updated peak flow and flow duration regression equations for Illinois. This dataset consists of raster grid files for elevation (dem), flow accumulation (fac), flow direction (fdr), and stream definition (str900) for each 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) area in Illinois merged into a single dataset. There are 51 full or partial HUC 8s represented by this data set: 04040002, 05120108, 05120109, 05120111, 05120112, 05120113, 05120114, 05120115, 05140202, 05140203, 05140204, 05140206, 07060005, 07080101, 07080104, 07090001, 07090002, 07090003, 07090004, 07090005, 07090006, 07090007, 07110001, 07110004, 07110009, 07120001, 07120002, 071200 ...

This dataset shows the direction of river flow realted to the EPA/OSi river network dataset.

swMain and ssMain are polylinefeatures which include but are not limited to:Pipes MainsForce mainsCatch Basin leadlateralsSide sewer linesCulvertsswMain and ssMain DO NOTinclude:DitchesOpen conveyanceVirtual lines (lines to connect objects that are not connected by pipe)

Digitized flow direction

The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. NHD data was originally developed at 1:100,000-scale and exists at that scale for the whole country. This high-resolution NHD, generally developed at 1:24,000/1:12,000 scale, adds detail to the original 1:100,000-scale NHD. (Data for Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands was developed at high-resolution, not 1:100,000 scale.) Local resolution NHD is being developed where partners and data exist. The NHD contains reach codes for networked features, flow direction, names, and centerline representations for areal water bodies. Reaches are also defined on waterbodies and the approximate shorelines of the Great Lakes, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico. The NHD also incorporates the National Spatial Data Infrastructure framework criteria established by the Federal Geographic Data Committee. Use the metadata link, http://nhdgeo.usgs.gov/metadata/nhd_high.htm, for additional information.

These are arrows that indicate the direction of the flow of wastewater within the sanitary sewer pipes

Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are widely used to derive information for the modeling of hydrologic processes. The basic model for hydrologic terrain analysis involving hydrologic conditioning, determination of flow field (flow directions) and derivation of hydrologic derivatives is available in multiple software packages and GIS systems. However as areas of interest for terrain analysis have increased and DEM resolutions become finer there remain challenges related to data size, software and a platform to run it on, as well as opportunities to derive new kinds of information useful for hydrologic modeling. This presentation will illustrate new functionality associated with the TauDEM software (http://hydrology.usu.edu/taudem) and new web based deployments of TauDEM to make this capability more accessible and easier to use. Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) is a special case of distance down the flow field to an arbitrary target, with the target being a stream and distance measured vertically. HAND is one example of a general class of hydrologic proximity measures available in TauDEM. As we have implemented it, HAND uses multi-directional flow directions derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) using the Dinifinity method in TauDEM to determine the height of each grid cell above the nearest stream along the flow path from that cell to the stream. With this information, and the depth of flow in the stream, the potential for, and depth of flood inundation can be determined. Furthermore, by dividing streams into reaches or segments, the area draining to each reach can be isolated and a series of threshold depths applied to the grid of HAND values in that isolated reach catchment, to determine inundation volume, surface area and wetted bed area. Dividing these by length yields reach average cross section area, width, and wetted perimeter, information that is useful for hydraulic routing and stage-discharge rating calculations in hydrologic modeling. This presentation will describe the calculation of HAND and its use to determine hydraulic properties across the US for prediction of stage and flood inundation in each NHDPlus reach modeled by the US NOAA’s National Water Model. This presentation will also describe two web based deployments of TauDEM functionality. The first is within a Jupyter Notebook web application attached to HydroShare that provides users the ability to execute TauDEM on this cloud infrastructure without the limitations associated with desktop software installation and data/computational capacity. The second is a web based rapid watershed delineation function deployed as part of Model My Watershed (https://app.wikiwatershed.org/) that enables delineation of watersheds, based on NHDPlus gridded data anywhere in the continental US for watershed based hydrologic modeling and analysis.

Presentation for European Geophysical Union Meeting, April 2018, Vienna. Tarboton, D. G., N. Sazib, A. Castronova, Y. Liu, X. Zheng, D. Maidment, A. Aufdenkampe and S. Wang, (2018), "Hydrologic Terrain Analysis Using Web Based Tools," European Geophysical Union General Assembly, Vienna, April 12, Geophysical Research Abstracts 20, EGU2018-10337, https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2018/EGU2018-10337.pdf.

The New Hampshire Hydrography Dataset (NHHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the state's surface water drainage system. The NHHD, developed at 1:24,000 scale, is an extract from the high-resolution National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) housed at the US Geological Survey.The NHHD Shapefile Extract contains the NHDFlowline, NHDWaterbody and NHDArea feature classes from the original NHHD geodatabase. These shapefiles cover the extent of the sixteen cataloging units that intersect the State of NH, and contain reach codes for networked features, stream order, flow direction, names, and centerline representations for areal water bodies. Reaches are also defined on waterbodies and the approximate shorelines of the the Atlantic Ocean. However, because this data is no longer contained in the original geodatabase, the networking capabilities of the NHDFlowline has been lost. This dataset contains data published by USGS in April 2019.

The path stormwater flows during rainfall events.

The WA State National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is the standard hydrography for Washington. NHD Area represents the areal extent of the water in a wide stream/river with a basic set of attributes. These polygons typically encompass NHDFlowline artificial paths that represent the stream network. Artificial path carries the critical attributes of the stream/river, whereas NHDArea represents the geometric extent. The NHDWaterbody is similar but represents features likes swamps/marshes, reservoirs, playa, estuaries, and ice masses.The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. This high-resolution NHD, generally is developed at 1:24,000/1:12,000 scale, but many areas of Washington State have been improved to 1:4800 scale. NHD data was originally developed at 1:100,000-scale and exists at that scale for the whole country. Local resolution NHD is being developed where partners and data exist. The NHD contains reach codes for networked features, flow direction, names, and centerline representations for areal water bodies. Reaches are also defined on waterbodies and the approximate shorelines of the Great Lakes, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico. The NHD also incorporates the National Spatial Data Infrastructure framework criteria established by the Federal Geographic Data Committee. Effective stewardship and cooperation between agencies ensures that the NHD can be continually updated and enhanced with local knowledge and understanding of hydrologic systems. This data can also be accessed directly from USGS. A detailed data dictionary is available at https://nhd.usgs.gov/userguide.html?url=NHD_User_Guide/Feature_Catalog/NHD_Feature_Catalog.htm

Coweeta LTER researchers sampled fifty-eight stream sites in the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin in February and June of 2009. Sites were selected to represent the range of land cover and land use within the basin. Samples were taken over three days of stable weather and discharge during periods of baseflow. They were used to characterize conditions across the basin during the growing and the non-growing seasons without the influence of elevated discharge. The GIS data presented was used to both help in selecting the 58 sites. The GIS files are split between raster and vector files. The files are in .zip archives. There are text files with information about each GIS in the .zip files.

PLEASE NOTE: This record has been retired. It has been superseded by: https://environment.data.gov.uk/dataset/b5aaa28d-6eb9-460e-8d6f-43caa71fbe0ePlease note, this dataset is not suitable for identifying whether an individual property will flood. GIS layer showing the dominant flow direction of flooding from surface water, at maximum speed, that could result from a flood with a 1% chance of happening in any given year. The flood flow direction is resampled from a 2m grid to a 25m grid and is grouped into 8 bands (compass directions). This dataset is one output of our Risk of Flooding from Surface Water (RoFSW) mapping, previously known as the updated Flood Map for Surface Water (uFMfSW). It is one of a group of datasets previously available as the uFMfSW Complex Package. Information Warnings:Risk of Flooding from Surface Water is not to be used at property level. If the Content is displayed in map form to others we recommend it should not be used with basemapping more detailed than 1:10,000 as the data is open to misinterpretation if used as a more detailed scale. Because of the way they have been produced and the fact that they are indicative, the maps are not appropriate to act as the sole evidence for any specific planning or regulatory decision or assessment of risk in relation to flooding at any scale without further supporting studies or evidence.Some features of this information are based on digital spatial data licensed from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology © NERC (CEH). Defra, Met Office and DARD Rivers Agency © Crown copyright. © Cranfield University. © James Hutton Institute. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2015. Land & Property Services © Crown copyright and database right. Find out more or download the dataset at environment.data.go.uk.

This web map includes the GEOGloWS ECMWF Streamflow System (6 Day Forecast) and a customized vector base map.The individual base layers (Reference and Base) were created from similar Esri Vector Basemaps (World Terrain Reference Local Language and Dark Gray Canvas) using the Vector Style Editor.Each layer was customized specifically for Global Water Sustainability (GeoGloWS) and European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) Streamflow System (6 Day Forecast) layer that can be found here.

A raster model with a cell size of 1 with values representing the direction of water flowing downslope from that cell. The flow direction tool used D8 modeling algorithm where one of 8 values represents the direction of flow to the steepest downhill neighboring cell.

swMain and ssMain are polylinefeatures which include but are not limited to:Pipes MainsForce mainsCatch Basin leadlateralsSide sewer linesCulvertsswMain and ssMain DO NOTinclude:DitchesOpen conveyanceVirtual lines (lines to connect objects that are not connected by pipe)