In 2023, more than 12 million people in Russia lived under the poverty line, marking a considerable decrease compared to the previous year. The number of Russian residents that earned an income below the subsistence minimum was 30 million higher in 2000. What percentage of Russians live in poverty? Looking at annual figures, Russia’s poverty rate has declined since 2015 when it exceeded 13 percent. Less than nine percent of the population of Russia lived below the national poverty line in 2023. Several other Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, such as Bulgaria, Romania, and Latvia, reported higher poverty rates. Subsistence minimum in Russia Starting from January 1, 2024, monthly per capita subsistence minimum in Russia stood at 16,844 Russian rubles for the working-age population and at 15,453 Russian rubles on average. That figure includes the cost of essential goods, such as food products, clothing, and medicines, and services, such as utilities and transportation costs. The subsistence minimum was lower than the average wage in Russia, which was set at 19.242 Russian rubles from January 1, 2024.

In 2023, less than nine percent of the resident population of Russia lived under the poverty line. The share of Russians earning less than the subsistence minimum has decreased since 2015.

Key information about Russia Household Income per Capita

• Russia Annual Household Income per Capita reached 8,179.123 USD in Dec 2024, compared with the previous value of 7,549.747 USD in Dec 2023.
• Russia Annual Household Income per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1992 to Dec 2024, with an averaged value of 5,882.623 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 9,660.697 USD in Dec 2013 and a record low of 183.584 USD in Dec 1992.
• In the latest reports, Retail Sales of Russia grew 5.200 % YoY in Dec 2024.

In February and March 2020, 84 percent of polled Russians considered the inequality between the rich and the poor in their country to constitute a major issue. Sharp social divisions and an unequal income distribution worried nearly 30 percent of Russians in 2019.

Over ** million Russians aged 20 years and above, or approximately ** percent of the total adult population of the country, had wealth under 10,000 U.S. dollars in 2022. To compare, on average around the globe, the share of residents belonging to this wealth range was measured at **** percent in the same year. Economic inequality in Russia The latest available data by the World Bank recorded Russia’s Gini index, used as a measurement of income or wealth inequality, at **. The organization classified Russia as an upper-middle-income economy. Over ** percent of Russians considered themselves belonging to the middle class in 2020. HNWIs in Russia Approximately *** percent of Russian adults, or ******* residents, owned over *********** U.S. dollars, or were referred to as high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs). In 2021, the total wealth of the adult population in the country reached nearly *** trillion U.S. dollars. A significant portion of it belonged to roughly ***** ultra-high-net-worth individuals (UHNWIs) whose net worth exceeded ** billion U.S. dollars.

Russia Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $2.15: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2017 PPP: % data was reported at 0.000 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.010 % for 2013. Russia Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $2.15: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2017 PPP: % data is updated yearly, averaging 0.020 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2014, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.100 % in 1999 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2014. Russia Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $2.15: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2017 PPP: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. This indicator shows the fraction of a country’s population experiencing out-of-pocket health impoverishing expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the $ 2.15 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).;Global Health Observatory. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. (https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/financial-protection);Weighted average;This indicator is related to Sustainable Development Goal 3.8.2 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

Russia poverty rate for 2021 was 2.20%, a 0.2% increase from 2020.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>Russia poverty rate for 2020 was <strong>2.00%</strong>, a <strong>1% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
<li>Russia poverty rate for 2019 was <strong>3.00%</strong>, a <strong>0.2% increase</strong> from 2018.</li>
<li>Russia poverty rate for 2018 was <strong>2.80%</strong>, a <strong>0.9% decline</strong> from 2017.</li>
</ul>Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $5.50 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

Russia RU: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data was reported at 13.000 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.600 % for 2020. Russia RU: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data is updated yearly, averaging 14.550 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2021, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.900 % in 2015 and a record low of 11.600 % in 2020. Russia RU: Proportion of People Living Below 50 Percent Of Median Income: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. The percentage of people in the population who live in households whose per capita income or consumption is below half of the median income or consumption per capita. The median is measured at 2017 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries, medians are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

Over nine percent of children in Russia were estimated to fall into poverty additionally due to the economic crisis caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, based on the analysis from 2022. Russia had the most children among Eastern European and Central Asian countries. Furthermore, five percent of the Ukrainian child population was expected to experience poverty as a result of the economic shock. The economic decline caused by the war was also projected to increase adult poverty across the region, though to a lesser extent.

Russia Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: World Bank: % of total population data was reported at 5.000 % in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.600 % for 2019. Russia Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: World Bank: % of total population data is updated yearly, averaging 4.050 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2020, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.000 % in 2020 and a record low of 0.300 % in 2010. Russia Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: World Bank: % of total population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. The multidimensional poverty headcount ratio (World Bank) is the percentage of a population living in poverty according to the World Bank's Multidimensional Poverty Measure. The Multidimensional Poverty Measure includes three dimensions – monetary poverty, education, and basic infrastructure services – to capture a more complete picture of poverty.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

Russia RU: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % of Population data was reported at 2.000 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.700 % for 2020. Russia RU: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 2.800 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2021, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.500 % in 2016 and a record low of 1.700 % in 2020. Russia RU: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. Poverty headcount ratio at $6.85 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $6.85 a day at 2017 international prices.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

Russia RU: Poverty Gap at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % data was reported at 0.600 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.400 % for 2020. Russia RU: Poverty Gap at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % data is updated yearly, averaging 0.800 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2021, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.100 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.400 % in 2020. Russia RU: Poverty Gap at $6.85 a Day: 2017 PPP: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. Poverty gap at $6.85 a day (2017 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $6.85 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

This dataset is about book subjects. It has 5 rows and is filtered where the books is New rich, new poor, new Russia : winners and losers on the Russian road to capitalism. It features 2 columns including publication dates.

Approximately one third of Russians considered themselves poor in mid-November 2020. The largest share of respondents, measuring at 64 percent, believed they belonged to the middle-income population. Over the observed period since 2004, the share of those who classified themselves as belonging to the middle class increased in the country.

0.0 (%) in 2018. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.90 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

Russia RU: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data was reported at 0.002 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.010 % for 2013. Russia RU: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data is updated yearly, averaging 0.024 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2014, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.092 % in 1999 and a record low of 0.002 % in 2014. Russia RU: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, as a percentage of the $3.20 poverty line. The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.; ; World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.; Weighted average;

Abstract

The World Bank Group is interested in gauging the views of clients and partners who are either involved in development in Russia or who observe activities related to social and economic development. The World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey will give the World Bank Group's team that works in Russia, greater insight into how the Bank's work is perceived. This is one tool the World Bank Group uses to assess the views of its stakeholders, and to develop more effective strategies that support development in Russia.

The survey was designed to achieve the following objectives: - Assist the World Bank Group in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Russia perceive the World Bank Group; - Obtain systematic feedback from stakeholders in Russia regarding: · Their views regarding the general environment in Russia; · Their overall attitudes toward the World Bank Group in Russia; · Overall impressions of the World Bank Group’s effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Russia; · Perceptions of the World Bank Group’s future role in Russia. - Use data to help inform Russia country team’s strategy.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Stakeholder

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

In February-June 2014, 393 stakeholders of the World Bank Group in Russia were invited to provide their opinions on the World Bank Group's assistance to the country by participating in a country survey. Participants in the survey were drawn from the office of the President; the office of the Prime Minister; office of a minister; office of a parliamentarian; ministries, ministerial departments, or implementation agencies; consultants/contractors working on World Bank Group-supported projects/programs; project management units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of a project; local government officials; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector companies; private foundations; the financial sector/private banks; NGOs; community based organizations; the media; independent government institutions; trade unions; academia/research institutes/think tanks; the judiciary branch; and other organizations.

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Research instrument

The questionnaire consists of 9 Sections:

A. General Issues Facing Russia: Respondents were asked to indicate whether Russia is headed in the right direction, what they thought were the top three most important development priorities in the country, which areas would contribute most to reducing poverty and generating economic growth in Russia, and how “shared prosperity” would be best achieved in Russia.

B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (WBG): Respondents were asked to rate their familiarity with the WBG, the WBG’s effectiveness in Russia, WBG staff preparedness to help Russia solve its development challenges, their agreement with various statements regarding the WBG’s work, and the extent to which the WBG is an effective development partner. Respondents were asked to indicate the WBG’s greatest values and weaknesses, the most effective instruments in helping reduce poverty in Russia, with which stakeholder groups the WBG should collaborate more, in which sectoral areas the WBG should focus most of its resources (financial and knowledge services), and to what reasons respondents attributed failed or slow reform efforts.

C. World Bank Group’s Effectiveness and Results: Respondents were asked to rate the extent to which the WBG’s work helps achieve development results in Russia, the extent to which the WBG meets Russia’s needs for knowledge services and financial instruments, and the WBG’s level of effectiveness across thirty-three development areas, such as economic growth, governance, private sector development, education, and job creation.

D. The World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities: Respondents were asked to indicate how frequently they consult WBG’s knowledge work and activities and to rate the effectiveness and quality of the WBG’s knowledge, including how significant of a contribution it makes to development results and its technical quality.

E. Working with the World Bank Group: Respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement with a series of statements regarding working with the WBG, such as the WBG taking decisions quickly in Russia, imposing reasonable conditions on its lending/ investments, disbursing funds promptly, increasing Russia’s institutional capacity, and providing effective implementation support.

F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Russia: Respondents were asked to indicate what the WBG should do to make itself of greater value in Russia, and which services the WBG should offer more of in the country.

G. Russia’s Role as a Global Donor for Development: Respondents were asked about their views on Russia’s role as a donor providing assistance to developing/poor countries.

H. Communication and Information Sharing: Respondents were asked to indicate how they get information about economic and social development issues, how they prefer to receive information from the WBG, and their usage and evaluation of the WBG’s websites and social media channels. Respondents were also asked about their awareness of the WBG’s Access to Information policy, past information requests from the WBG, and their level of agreement that they use more data from the WBG as a result of the WBG’s Open Data policy.

I. Background Information: Respondents were asked to indicate their current position, specialization, whether they professionally collaborate with the WBG, their exposure to the WBG in Russia, which WBG agencies they work with, and their geographic location.

The questionnaire was prepared in English and Russia.

Response rate

A total of 139 stakeholders participated in the survey (35% response rate).

The overall state of financial inclusion in Russia is relatively advanced along certain basic metrics. The number of adults with accounts at a financial institution stands at 67.4 percent, which compares well to the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) regional average of 51.4 percent. Account penetration has increased by nearly 20 percentage points since 201l, with increases experienced across all segments of the population, including for the poorest 40 percent and for women.1 Russia also has a large number of regulated financial institutions and enjoys 36.98 branches per 100,000 adults, higher than for the United States (32.39) and China (24.03). In addition, usage of accounts and other financial services remains low among the underserved, as does the available range and quality of financial products and services. The main mode for retail payments is still via cash; while underserved individuals may own accounts, many consumers withdraw the full amount they receive from regular government payments or salaries. Most credit and deposit-taking activity still occurs among the middle-high income segments of the population, and there appear to be gaps in terms of both the availability and usage of appropriate savings products for the underserved. The microcredit products that are available to the underserved are of poor quality. There are low levels of trust in the formal financial sector among the Russian population, in particular for microfinance institutions (MFIs).

Russia Is Now a Good Time to Take a Loan: Rather Bad data was reported at 82.775 % in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 81.263 % for Feb 2025. Russia Is Now a Good Time to Take a Loan: Rather Bad data is updated monthly, averaging 72.000 % from Oct 2008 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 102 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 84.000 % in Apr 2022 and a record low of 58.000 % in Oct 2008. Russia Is Now a Good Time to Take a Loan: Rather Bad data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Russian Public Opinion Research Center. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table RU.HE003: Consumer and Credit Confidence Index: Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM). [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Voting behavior, political system and economic reforms. Topics: Watching news programs and reading newspaper; mood in the last few days; family´s current material situation; economic situation of town/region and country; general situation; market reforms; opinion on Yeltsin, Duma, Prime Minister and government; political situation; life satisfaction; expected improvements in the next 12 months; Russia out of control; democracy vs. order; trust in politicians; rating of Yeltsin and Chernomirdin; expectations concerning politics and economy in the next few months; the biggest problems of the society; possibility of mass demonstrations and taking part; voting intention for/against Yeltsin and reasons; income growth compared to the prices; money per capita needed; subsistence level; price trends; time to purchase goods and save money; economic situation in the last and in the next 6 months; economic situation in Russia in 12 months and in 5 years; renouncing from necessary things, holiday trips etc; assumed income level of poor families; domestic vs. imported goods, clothes and household goods; place of shopping; spending money; savings and shares in investment funds; save money in near future; assumed income level of a rich family; ideal number of children; way of increasing the number of children; planned number of children; having another child in the next 2-3 years; unplanned pregnancy; conditions for having another child; birth rate control; voting intention in the presidential elections; Yeltsin or Zyuganov; suspected election result; Zyuganov or Yavlinski; next Russian President; class self placement; sources of income; problem of lacking orders in the company; poor supplies of equipment and raw supplies; irregular work; leaders´ inability; selling products in the company; theft in the firm; high wages vs. social security; work preferences; importance of work; intensity of work; conditions for being successful at work; keeping job vs. unemployment; interpersonal relationship at work; involving in any conflicts last year; conflicts between the company´s management and the work team; conflicts between members of staff; most frequent reasons for conflict; way of solving the conflicts; opinion on strikes; second job; motivation of the workers; possibilities of initiative; successful groups in Russia; main income of the family; telephone; high and low self placement five years ago, today and in five years; religion; staying at home in June; voting in presidential election; voting decision in 1995 elections; region.