As of December 2024, the Shanghai Stock Exchange had the largest domestic market capitalization among stock exchanges in the Asia Pacific region, amounting to approximately *** trillion U.S. dollars. Second in the ranking was the Shanghai Stock Exchange Group, followed by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. Stock exchanges in Asia PacificThe major stock exchanges in the Asia-Pacific region are the Tokyo Stock Exchange in Japan, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange in Mainland China, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in Hong Kong, and the Bombay Stock Exchange in India, which is also the oldest stock exchange in Asia. Also, five out of the ten largest stock exchange operators in the world are located in Asia.What is market capitalization?Market capitalization, also commonly referred to as market cap, is a measure of the total market value of outstanding shares of a company on the stock market. It indicates a company’s relative size and value while taking various determinants such as risk and the market’s perception into consideration. There are large-cap (>** billion), mid-cap (* to ** billion) and small-cap (*** million to * billion) companies depending on their market capitalization.

Discover the booming Asia-Pacific capital market exchange ecosystem, projected to reach [estimated 2033 market size in millions] by 2033 with a CAGR exceeding 7%. This in-depth analysis explores market drivers, trends, restraints, and key players across China, Japan, India, and other major economies. Learn about investment opportunities in equity, debt, and other financial products. Recent developments include: July 2022: The eligible companies listed on Beijing Stock Exchange were allowed to apply for transfer to the Star Market of the Shanghai Stock Exchange. A transfer system is a positive approach for bridge-building efforts between China's multiple layers of the capital market., February 2022: The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) approved the merger of Shenzhen Stock Exchange's main board with the SME board. The merger will optimize the trading structure of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.. Notable trends are: Increasing Foreign Direct Investment in Various Developing Economies in Asia-Pacific.

In 2025, stock markets in the United States accounted for roughly ** percent of world stocks. The next largest country by stock market share was China, followed by the European Union as a whole. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the NASDAQ are the largest stock exchange operators worldwide. What is a stock exchange? The first modern publicly traded company was the Dutch East Industry Company, which sold shares to the general public to fund expeditions to Asia. Since then, groups of companies have formed exchanges in which brokers and dealers can come together and make transactions in one space. Stock market indices group companies trading on a given exchange, giving an idea of how they evolve in real time. Appeal of stock ownership Over half of adults in the United States are investing money in the stock market. Stocks are an attractive investment because the possible return is higher than offered by other financial instruments.

End-of-day prices refer to the closing prices of various financial instruments, such as equities (stocks), bonds, and indices, at the end of a trading session on a particular trading day. These prices are crucial pieces of market data used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to track the performance and value of these assets over time. The Techsalerator closing prices dataset is considered the most up-to-date, standardized valuation of a security trading commences again on the next trading day. This data is used for portfolio valuation, index calculation, technical analysis and benchmarking throughout the financial industry. The End-of-Day Pricing service covers equities, equity derivative bonds, and indices listed on 170 markets worldwide.

China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, fell to 3898 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.42% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 1.98%, though it remains 15.36% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of November 2025. The following largest three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

Data consists of 10 Asian countries, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines plus U.S., total 11 countries. Monthly stock market index and nominal exchange rates (end of the month in local currency terms) are collected from Datastream from January 1990 to December 2013 total 288 monthly observations. Each country data in in a separate workbook tab. There are 10 country workbook tab plus US data in the 11th tab. 12th tab workbook describes data for each country. The last tab workbook combines all country data into one single pooled data file.

The value of global domestic equity market increased from ***** trillion U.S. dollars in 2013 to ****** trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. The United States was by far the leading country with the largest share of total world stocks as of 2024. Global market capitalization in different regions The market capitalization of domestic companies listed varied across different regions of the world. As of Decmber 2024, the Americas region had the largest domestic equity market, totaling ** trillion U.S. dollars. This region is home to the NYSE and Nasdaq, which are the two largest stock exchange operators in the world. The market capitalization of these two exchanges alone exceeded ** billion U.S. dollars as of January 2025, larger than the total market capitalization in the Asia-Pacific, and in the EMEA regions in the same period. Largest Stock Exchanges in Latin America As of December 2024, the B3 (Brasil Bolsa Balcao) was the biggest stock exchange in Latin America in terms of market capitalization and the second-largest in terms of number of listed companies. Following the B3 were the Mexican Stock Exchange and the Santiago Stock Exchange in Chile. The most valuable company in Latin America is listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange: Fomento Económico Mexicano, a multinational beverage and retail company headquartered in Monterrey, had a market cap of *** billion U.S. dollars as of March 2025.

Dataset

This dataset was created by Lennart Back

Contents

While the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic caused all major stock market indices to fall sharply in March 2020, both the extent of the decline at this time, and the shape of the subsequent recovery, have varied greatly. For example, on March 15, 2020, major European markets and traditional stocks in the United States had shed around ** percent of their value compared to January *, 2020. However, Asian markets and the NASDAQ Composite Index only shed around ** to ** percent of their value. A similar story can be seen with the post-coronavirus recovery. As of November 14, 2021 the NASDAQ composite index value was around ** percent higher than in January 2020, while most other markets were only between ** and ** percent higher. Why did the NASDAQ recover the quickest? Based in New York City, the NASDAQ is famously considered a proxy for the technology industry as many of the world’s largest technology industries choose to list there. And it just so happens that technology was the sector to perform the best during the coronavirus pandemic. Accordingly, many of the largest companies who benefitted the most from the pandemic such as Amazon, PayPal and Netflix, are listed on the NADSAQ, helping it to recover the fastest of the major stock exchanges worldwide. Which markets suffered the most? The energy sector was the worst hit by the global COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, oil companies share prices suffered large declines over 2020 as demand for oil plummeted while workers found themselves no longer needing to commute, and the tourism industry ground to a halt. In addition, overall share prices in two major stock exchanges – the London Stock Exchange (as represented by the FTSE 100 index) and Hong Kong (as represented by the Hang Seng index) – have notably recovered slower than other major exchanges. However, in both these, the underlying issue behind the slower recovery likely has more to do with political events unrelated to the coronavirus than it does with the pandemic – namely Brexit and general political unrest, respectively.

Total return spillovers between the US stock market and ten markets in the Asia-Pacific region, January 1985 to November 2022.

South Korea's main stock market index, the KOSPI, rose to 3995 points on December 2, 2025, gaining 1.90% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 5.38%, though it remains 59.79% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from South Korea. South Korea Stock Market - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

This study examines the market return spillovers from the US market to 10 Asia-Pacific stock markets, accounting for approximately 91 per cent of the region’s GDP from 1991 to 2022. Our findings indicate an increased return spillover from the US stock market to the Asia-Pacific stock market over time, particularly after major global events such as the 1997 Asian and the 2008 global financial crises, the 2015 China stock market crash, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2008 global financial crisis had the most substantial impact on these events. In addition, the findings also indicate that US economic policy uncertainty and US geopolitical risk significantly affect spillovers from the US to the Asia-Pacific markets. In contrast, the geopolitical risk of Asia-Pacific countries reduces these spillovers. The study also highlights the significant impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on these spillovers. Given the increasing integration of global financial markets, the findings of this research are expected to provide valuable policy implications for investors and policymakers.

The growing trend of interdependence between the international stock markets indicated the amalgamation of risk across borders that plays a significant role in portfolio diversification by selecting different assets from the financial markets and is also helpful for making extensive economic policy for the economies. By applying different methodologies, this study undertakes the volatility analysis of the emerging and OECD economies and analyzes the co-movement pattern between them. Moreover, with that motive, using the wavelet approach, we provide strong evidence of the short and long-run risk transfer over different time domains from Malaysia to its trading partners. Our findings show that during the Asian financial crisis (1997–98), Malaysia had short- and long-term relationships with China, Germany, Japan, Singapore, the UK, and Indonesia due to both high and low-frequency domains. Meanwhile, after the Global financial crisis (2008–09), it is being observed that Malaysia has long-term and short-term synchronization with emerging (China, India, Indonesia), OECD (Germany, France, USA, UK, Japan, Singapore) stock markets but Pakistan has the low level of co-movement with Malaysian stock market during the global financial crisis (2008–09). Moreover, it is being seen that Malaysia has short-term at both high and low-frequency co-movement with all the emerging and OECD economies except Japan, Singapore, and Indonesia during the COVID-19 period (2020–21). Japan, Singapore, and Indonesia have long-term synchronization relationships with the Malaysian stock market at high and low frequencies during COVID-19. While in a leading-lagging relationship, Malaysia’s stock market risk has both leading and lagging behavior with its trading partners’ stock market risk in the selected period; this behavior changes based on the different trade and investment flow factors. Moreover, DCC-GARCH findings shows that Malaysian market has both short term and long-term synchronization with trading partners except USA. Conspicuously, the integration pattern seems that the cooperation development between stock markets matters rather than the regional proximity in driving the cointegration. The study findings have significant implications for investors, governments, and policymakers around the globe.

Discover the booming Japan Trade Finance market, projected to reach ¥49.24 trillion by 2033, with a CAGR exceeding 6%. This in-depth analysis explores market drivers, trends, restraints, and key players like Wells Fargo and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation. Learn about the growth opportunities in this dynamic sector. Recent developments include: October 2022: Morgan Stanley Investment Management (MSIM) chose Opportunity Finance Network (OFN) as its diversity and inclusion partner for MSIM's charity donation connected to the recently introduced Impact Class, the firm said today. The OFN is a top national network comprising 370 Community Development Finance Institutions (CDFIs). Its goal is to help underserved areas get cheap, honest financial services and products., August 2022: A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed between Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC; President and CEO: Makoto Takashima) and Banque Misr to foster cooperation about trade digitization. The two banks' collaboration in trade digitalization will be accelerated by signing this MOU, which also aims to strengthen cross-industry collaboration. This collaboration will include digitalizing trade documents and visualizing trade transaction processes between Egypt, Japan, and other Asian nations.. Notable trends are: Digitization is Boosting the Market.

The global financial database market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for real-time data and advanced analytics across various sectors. The market, estimated at $15 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $28 billion by 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors: the proliferation of algorithmic trading and quantitative analysis necessitating high-frequency data feeds; the growing adoption of cloud-based solutions enhancing accessibility and scalability; and the increasing regulatory scrutiny demanding robust and reliable financial data for compliance purposes. The market segmentation reveals a strong preference for real-time databases across both personal and commercial applications, reflecting the time-sensitive nature of financial decisions. Key players like Bloomberg, Refinitiv (formerly Thomson Reuters), and FactSet maintain significant market share due to their established brand reputation and comprehensive data offerings. However, the emergence of innovative fintech companies and the increasing availability of open-source data platforms are expected to intensify competition and foster market disruption. The geographical distribution of the market reveals North America as the dominant region, followed by Europe and Asia-Pacific. However, the Asia-Pacific region is poised for significant growth, driven by expanding financial markets in countries like China and India. While the market faces restraints such as data security concerns, increasing data costs, and complexities in data integration, the overall trend points toward sustained expansion. The continuous development of sophisticated analytical tools and the growing need for data-driven decision-making will continue to drive the adoption of financial databases across various user segments and geographies, shaping the competitive landscape in the coming years.

Descriptive statistics of Asian countries.

Market Data Feed Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Market Data Feed market size reached USD 10.8 billion in 2024, driven by the increasing demand for real-time and accurate financial data across diversified financial institutions and trading platforms. The market is expected to grow at a robust CAGR of 7.2% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 20.6 billion by 2033. This impressive growth trajectory is underpinned by the surging adoption of advanced analytics, algorithmic trading, and regulatory requirements for data transparency in financial markets worldwide.

A significant growth factor for the Market Data Feed market is the exponential increase in trading volumes and the complexity of financial instruments. As global financial markets become more interconnected and volatile, the need for high-speed, reliable, and comprehensive data feeds has intensified. Financial institutions, hedge funds, and asset managers are increasingly relying on real-time data to make split-second decisions, optimize trading strategies, and manage portfolio risks effectively. The proliferation of electronic and algorithmic trading platforms further fuels the demand for low-latency data feeds, ensuring that market participants have a competitive edge in executing trades and managing exposures.

Another key driver is the evolving regulatory landscape, which mandates enhanced transparency, auditability, and reporting standards in capital markets. Regulatory bodies such as the SEC, ESMA, and other global agencies require financial institutions to maintain accurate and timely records of trading activities, necessitating robust market data feed solutions. This regulatory push has led to increased investments in data infrastructure, compliance tools, and analytics platforms, further propelling the growth of the market. Furthermore, the rise of new asset classes, such as cryptocurrencies and digital assets, has expanded the scope of market data feeds, compelling providers to diversify their offerings and integrate alternative data sources.

Technological advancements in data delivery, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence are also transforming the Market Data Feed market. The integration of cloud-based solutions enables scalable, cost-effective, and flexible access to vast volumes of market data, catering to the needs of both large enterprises and smaller trading firms. AI-driven analytics and machine learning algorithms are being leveraged to extract actionable insights from complex datasets, enhancing the quality and utility of market data feeds. The shift towards open APIs and interoperability standards is fostering innovation, allowing market participants to customize and integrate data feeds seamlessly into their existing systems.

In the realm of financial markets, Tick Data Management has emerged as a critical component for handling the vast amounts of data generated by high-frequency trading and other market activities. As financial institutions strive to gain a competitive edge, the ability to efficiently manage and analyze tick data becomes paramount. This involves not only the storage and retrieval of large datasets but also the application of advanced analytics to extract meaningful insights. The integration of tick data management solutions with existing market data feeds enhances the accuracy and timeliness of trading decisions, enabling market participants to respond swiftly to market dynamics. Moreover, as the complexity of financial instruments continues to grow, robust tick data management systems are essential for ensuring data integrity and compliance with regulatory standards.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States, with its highly developed financial ecosystem and concentration of leading market data providers, remains a key growth engine. However, the Asia Pacific region is witnessing the fastest growth, driven by the rapid expansion of financial markets in China, India, and Southeast Asia, as well as increasing investments in digital infrastructure. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also emerging as promising markets, supported by regulatory reforms and the modernization of financial services.

The growing trend of interdependence between the international stock markets indicated the amalgamation of risk across borders that plays a significant role in portfolio diversification by selecting different assets from the financial markets and is also helpful for making extensive economic policy for the economies. By applying different methodologies, this study undertakes the volatility analysis of the emerging and OECD economies and analyzes the co-movement pattern between them. Moreover, with that motive, using the wavelet approach, we provide strong evidence of the short and long-run risk transfer over different time domains from Malaysia to its trading partners. Our findings show that during the Asian financial crisis (1997–98), Malaysia had short- and long-term relationships with China, Germany, Japan, Singapore, the UK, and Indonesia due to both high and low-frequency domains. Meanwhile, after the Global financial crisis (2008–09), it is being observed that Malaysia has long-term and short-term synchronization with emerging (China, India, Indonesia), OECD (Germany, France, USA, UK, Japan, Singapore) stock markets but Pakistan has the low level of co-movement with Malaysian stock market during the global financial crisis (2008–09). Moreover, it is being seen that Malaysia has short-term at both high and low-frequency co-movement with all the emerging and OECD economies except Japan, Singapore, and Indonesia during the COVID-19 period (2020–21). Japan, Singapore, and Indonesia have long-term synchronization relationships with the Malaysian stock market at high and low frequencies during COVID-19. While in a leading-lagging relationship, Malaysia’s stock market risk has both leading and lagging behavior with its trading partners’ stock market risk in the selected period; this behavior changes based on the different trade and investment flow factors. Moreover, DCC-GARCH findings shows that Malaysian market has both short term and long-term synchronization with trading partners except USA. Conspicuously, the integration pattern seems that the cooperation development between stock markets matters rather than the regional proximity in driving the cointegration. The study findings have significant implications for investors, governments, and policymakers around the globe.

The data set contains material to replicate: Beck K, Stanek P (2019) Globalization or regionalization of stock markets? The case of Central and Eastern European Countries. Eastern European Economics, 57(4), 317-330. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00128775.2019.1610895 The data comprises stock market returns time series at weekly frequency between January 2000 and December 2018 on 44 stock price indices grouped into 11 sets corresponding to (1) East Asian and Australian developed markets, (2) “Chinese” markets (including Taiwan and Hong Kong), (3) “core” euro area, (4) “peripheral” euro area, (5) developed European markets outside the euro area, (6) V-4 countries, (7) “frontier” European markets (Russia, Turkey, Ukraine), (8) Baltic countries, (9) Latin American markets, (10) North American markets and (11) emerging South-East Asian countries. Data were retrieved from stooq.com and in case of some missing points, for example, due to Chinese New Year celebrations, log-linear interpolation was applied.