Asian markets and U.S. futures decline as Trump's comments on the Fed heighten market anxiety, boosting gold prices to new highs.

Table A: The effective velocity of the 21th experimental day’s data. Table B: The turnover rate of the 21th experimental day’s data. Figure A: The price of the stock index future in experiment 1. Figure B: The yield of the stock index future in experiment 1. Figure C: The price of the stock index future in experiment 2. Figure D: The yield of the stock index future in experiment 2. Figure E: The price of the stock index future in experiment 3. Figure F: The yield of the stock index future in experiment 3. Figure G: The price of the stock index future in experiment 4. Figure H: The yield of the stock index future in experiment 4. Figure I: The price of the stock index future in experiment 5. Figure J: The yield of the stock index future in experiment 5. (RAR)

China will launch the stock index futures in the later of 2007. This paper forecasts the impact of stock index futures on the volatility of the Chinese stock market based on the empirical test of Japan and Taiwan. The GARCH model will be used to examine on the effect of stock index futures on the volatility of the spot market. The forecasts will be made based on analysing the Japanese and Taiwanese stock market. However, the forecasts are suggestive not conclusive. The further studies are needed based on Chinese data. The importance of stock index futures on the Chinese stock market and the impact of SGX FTSE Xinhua A 50 stock index futures on the volatility of the Chinese stock market will also be discussed.

China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, rose to 3827 points on September 8, 2025, gaining 0.38% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.92% and is up 39.85% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

The global futures trading services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing technological advancements, rising institutional and retail investor participation, and the growing adoption of online and mobile trading platforms. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $15 billion, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% from 2025 to 2033. This signifies a substantial expansion of the market to an estimated $28 billion by 2033. Several factors contribute to this positive outlook. The increasing sophistication of trading algorithms and the availability of real-time market data are enhancing trading efficiency and profitability, attracting both novice and experienced traders. Furthermore, the diversification of tradable assets, including a broader range of commodities and indices, provides greater opportunities for portfolio diversification and risk management. Software-based futures trading platforms are gaining significant traction due to their advanced analytical capabilities and ease of integration with other trading tools. However, regulatory scrutiny, cybersecurity risks, and the inherent volatility of futures markets present challenges to sustained growth. The regulatory landscape is constantly evolving, requiring firms to adapt to new compliance requirements and enhance cybersecurity protocols to protect against data breaches and fraud. Moreover, fluctuations in global economic conditions and geopolitical events can significantly impact market sentiment and trading volumes. Despite these restraints, the market's growth trajectory is expected to remain positive, driven primarily by technological innovation and the expanding reach of online trading platforms to a wider investor base. The segment encompassing share price index futures and commodity futures are projected to exhibit the strongest growth, reflecting increased investor interest in these asset classes.

The Statistical Results of the Turnover Rate.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of June 2025. The following three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

Underlying data from the artifical financial market built by our academic group.

The global futures trading software market, currently valued at $3734 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, fueled by a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. Increased adoption of algorithmic trading strategies by both institutional and retail investors necessitates sophisticated software solutions for efficient order execution, risk management, and data analysis. The rising popularity of mobile trading platforms further contributes to market growth, offering convenience and accessibility to a broader user base. Furthermore, the growing complexity of financial markets and the need for advanced analytical tools to navigate market volatility are significant drivers. Regulatory changes aimed at enhancing market transparency and security also indirectly contribute to the demand for robust and compliant futures trading software. While competitive pressures and potential integration challenges within existing trading ecosystems could act as restraints, the overall market outlook remains positive, driven by continuous technological advancements and the increasing sophistication of trading strategies. The market segmentation reveals a significant portion allocated to commercial use, reflecting the dominance of institutional investors. The mobile version segment is gaining traction, indicating a shift towards on-the-go trading. Leading players like Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and J.P. Morgan are key contributors, leveraging their established market presence and technological capabilities. Geographical distribution shows strong growth potential in the Asia-Pacific region, driven by burgeoning financial markets in China and India. North America, with its established financial infrastructure and high adoption rates of advanced trading technologies, remains a dominant market segment. Continued innovation in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for predictive analytics and automated trading will likely shape future market dynamics, leading to further market segmentation and the emergence of niche software providers catering to specific user needs.

The global futures trading services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing technological advancements, rising institutional and retail investor participation, and the growing adoption of algorithmic trading strategies. The market's expansion is fueled by a confluence of factors, including the increasing volatility of traditional asset classes, which drives demand for hedging and speculative opportunities offered by futures contracts. Furthermore, the proliferation of online trading platforms, offering user-friendly interfaces and access to global markets, has significantly broadened market accessibility. This democratization of access, combined with the relatively low capital requirements compared to other investment avenues, is attracting a wider range of participants. The market is segmented by service type (e.g., brokerage, clearing, data analytics), client type (institutional vs. retail), and geography. Major players are constantly innovating to enhance their offerings with advanced analytics, sophisticated trading tools, and improved risk management features, fostering intense competition. Regulatory changes and cybersecurity concerns remain significant restraints, impacting operational costs and requiring significant investments in compliance and security infrastructure. While precise market sizing data is unavailable, based on industry reports and comparable markets, we can estimate the 2025 market size to be approximately $80 billion, growing at a CAGR of 7% from 2025 to 2033. This growth trajectory is expected to continue, though at a potentially moderated pace, as the market matures. The competitive landscape is characterized by established players like Daniels Trading and Saxo, alongside newer, technology-driven firms like Tradovate and NinjaTrader. These companies compete primarily on factors like commission structures, platform functionality, technological innovation, and client support. Regional variations in regulatory environments and investor demographics contribute to differing market penetration rates across various geographical segments. North America is currently the leading region, driven by a strong institutional investor base and established futures exchanges. However, Asia-Pacific is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years, fueled by increasing market participation in emerging economies. Continued growth hinges on addressing concerns around transparency, regulatory compliance, and investor education to ensure market integrity and sustained expansion.

The global Futures Trading Service market is projected to reach a value of USD 38.7 billion by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 4.3% over the forecast period of 2025-2033. The market is primarily driven by the increasing popularity of futures trading as a financial instrument for risk management, speculation, and investment opportunities. The rising volatility in financial markets, coupled with the growing demand for hedging tools, is further fueling market growth. Additionally, advancements in technology, such as the development of online trading platforms and mobile applications, are making futures trading more accessible and convenient, attracting a wider range of investors. The futures trading service market is segmented by type (software-based and web-based) and application (share price index futures and commodity futures). Geographically, the market is segmented into North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific. The North American region is expected to dominate the market throughout the forecast period due to the presence of a well-established financial infrastructure and a large number of financial institutions and trading firms. However, the Asia Pacific region is projected to witness significant growth over the forecast period, driven by the rapid economic growth and increasing investor awareness in these regions.

Global Commodity Index Funds is segmented by Application (Investment, Finance, Wealth management), Type (Exchange-traded funds (ETFs), Mutual funds, Index-based ETFs, Futures-based funds, Actively managed funds) and Geography(North America, LATAM, West Europe, Central & Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Oceania, MEA)

The global futures trading platform market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing institutional and retail investor participation, coupled with technological advancements facilitating seamless trading experiences. The market, estimated at $15 billion in 2025, is projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $45 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors: the rising adoption of algorithmic trading strategies requiring sophisticated platforms, the increasing popularity of futures contracts as a hedging tool against market volatility, and the emergence of mobile-first trading applications catering to a broader demographic of retail investors. The market's competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of established players like Interactive Brokers and TD Ameritrade, alongside niche players offering specialized functionalities or catering to specific investor segments. The fixed-rate pricing model dominates the market currently, but volume-tiered pricing is gaining traction, particularly amongst high-volume traders seeking cost optimization. Geographic segmentation reveals a strong presence in North America and Europe, with Asia-Pacific showing significant growth potential in the coming years driven by rising middle-class wealth and increasing financial market awareness. However, the market also faces certain challenges. Regulatory scrutiny and compliance costs are significant hurdles, especially for smaller players. Cybersecurity threats and the need for robust platform security remain paramount. Furthermore, competition amongst established platforms necessitates continuous innovation and the development of unique value propositions to maintain market share. The evolution of trading technology, such as the integration of AI and machine learning, is transforming the industry and necessitates adaptability and investment in research and development for continued success. The increasing demand for sophisticated analytics and charting tools is also driving market growth and shaping the competitive landscape. Ultimately, the long-term outlook for the futures trading platform market remains positive, driven by ongoing technological advancements and the increasing sophistication of global financial markets.

Diluted-Average-Shares Time Series for Cboe Global Markets Inc. Cboe Global Markets, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an options exchange in the United States and internationally. It operates through six segments: Options, North American Equities, Europe and Asia Pacific, Futures, Global FX, and Digital. The Options segment trades in listed market indices. Its North American Equities segment trades in listed U.S. and Canadian equities. This segment also offers exchange-traded products (ETP) transaction and listing services. The Europe and Asia Pacific segment provides pan-European listed equities and derivatives transaction services, ETPs, exchange-traded commodities, and international depository receipts, as well as ETP listings and clearing services. Its Futures segment offers and trades in futures and other related products. The Global FX segment provides institutional foreign exchange (FX) trading and non-deliverable forward FX transactions services. Its Digital segment offers Cboe Digital, an operator of the United States based digital asset spot market and a regulated futures exchange; Cboe Clear Digital, a regulated clearinghouse; licensing of proprietary market data; and access and capacity services. It has strategic relationships with S&P Dow Jones Indices, LLC; Frank Russell Company; FTSE International Limited; and MSCI Inc. The company was formerly known as CBOE Holdings, Inc. and changed its name to Cboe Global Markets, Inc. in October 2017. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. was founded in 1973 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

The quantitative investment market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of advanced analytical techniques and algorithmic trading strategies. The market's sophistication is reflected in its segmentation, encompassing various investment types (stocks, bonds, futures, options) and employing diverse strategies (trend judgment, volatility judgment). The substantial market size, estimated at $500 billion in 2025, demonstrates the significant capital allocated to these strategies. A Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12% is projected from 2025 to 2033, suggesting a market value exceeding $1.5 trillion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several factors: the availability of vast datasets, advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence, and a growing need for efficient portfolio management in increasingly complex financial markets. Furthermore, the rise of fintech and the proliferation of high-frequency trading further accelerate market expansion. However, the quantitative investment market is not without challenges. Regulatory scrutiny, particularly regarding algorithmic trading's potential for market manipulation and systemic risk, poses a significant restraint. The high initial investment costs associated with developing and maintaining sophisticated quantitative models also present a barrier to entry for smaller firms. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for quantitative investment remains positive, driven by ongoing technological innovation and the inherent demand for superior risk-adjusted returns in the financial industry. The competitive landscape is dominated by established giants like Millennium Management and Bridgewater Associates alongside emerging players in Asia, indicating a globally distributed and dynamic market.

The global options and futures trading platform market is expected to reach a market value of XXX million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period (2025-2033). The growing adoption of algorithmic trading and the increasing need for risk management by institutional investors are propelling market growth. Additionally, the proliferation of online trading platforms and the availability of real-time data analytics are driving the demand for advanced trading solutions. Regionally, North America is expected to hold the largest market share due to the presence of numerous financial institutions and a well-developed financial market infrastructure. Asia Pacific is expected to experience significant growth owing to the increasing number of retail investors and the rapid expansion of the fintech industry in the region. Key market players in the industry include FMR LLC, Charles Schwab Corporation, Monex Group, Inc., IBG LLC, Lion Global Financial Limited, GAIN Global Markets Inc., AxiTrader Limited, LMAX Global, IG Group, CMC Markets, Saxo Bank, and City Index, among others.

Dividend-Per-Share Time Series for Cboe Global Markets Inc. Cboe Global Markets, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an options exchange in the United States and internationally. It operates through six segments: Options, North American Equities, Europe and Asia Pacific, Futures, Global FX, and Digital. The Options segment trades in listed market indices. Its North American Equities segment trades in listed U.S. and Canadian equities. This segment also offers exchange-traded products (ETP) transaction and listing services. The Europe and Asia Pacific segment provides pan-European listed equities and derivatives transaction services, ETPs, exchange-traded commodities, and international depository receipts, as well as ETP listings and clearing services. Its Futures segment offers and trades in futures and other related products. The Global FX segment provides institutional foreign exchange (FX) trading and non-deliverable forward FX transactions services. Its Digital segment offers Cboe Digital, an operator of the United States based digital asset spot market and a regulated futures exchange; Cboe Clear Digital, a regulated clearinghouse; licensing of proprietary market data; and access and capacity services. It has strategic relationships with S&P Dow Jones Indices, LLC; Frank Russell Company; FTSE International Limited; and MSCI Inc. The company was formerly known as CBOE Holdings, Inc. and changed its name to Cboe Global Markets, Inc. in October 2017. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. was founded in 1973 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.

Global Options and Futures Trading Platform is segmented by Application (Traders, Investors, Hedge Funds, Commodity Brokers), Type (Trading Platforms, Market Data, Risk Management, Order Execution, Clearing & Settlement) and Geography(North America, LATAM, West Europe, Central & Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Oceania, MEA)

The National Stock Exchange of India cemented its place as the largest derivatives exchange in the world in 2023. Mumbai-based NSE traded nearly ** billion derivatives contracts in 2023, followed by the Brazilian exchange, B3, with *** billion contracts. What is a derivative? A derivative is a financial instrument that is based on an underlying asset, such as an equity, commodity, or currency. It can be traded over-the-counter or on an exchange. The most common types of derivatives are futures, options, forwards and swaps. How large is the derivative market? There are billions of derivatives traded globally every year. The largest markets for derivatives trading are Asia Pacific and North America. Currency options and futures alone contribute hundreds of millions of dollars in volume to the largest exchanges. Much of this volume is due to large corporations trying to hedge risk. For example, an international corporation may invest in a currency derivative to ensure that it can buy a particular currency at or below a certain price at some point in the future, protecting against an unfavorable shift in the exchange rate.