This statistic shows the share of ethnic groups in Australia in the total population. 33 percent of the total population of Australia are english. Australia’s population Australia’s ethnic diversity can be attributed to their history and location. The country’s colonization from Europeans is a significant reason for the majority of its population being Caucasian. Additionally, being that Australia is one of the most developed countries closest to Eastern Asia; its Asian population comes as no surprise. Australia is one of the world’s most developed countries, often earning recognition as one of the world’s economical leaders. With a more recent economic boom, Australia has become an attractive country for students and workers alike, who seek an opportunity to improve their lifestyle. Over the past decade, Australia’s population has slowly increased and is expected to continue to do so over the next several years. A beautiful landscape, many work opportunities and a high quality of life helped play a role in the country’s development. In 2011, Australia was considered to have one of the highest life expectancies in the world, with the average Australian living to approximately 82 years of age. From an employment standpoint, Australia has maintained a rather low employment rate compared to many other developed countries. After experiencing a significant jump in unemployment in 2009, primarily due to the world economic crisis, Australia has been able to remain stable and slightly increase employment year-over-year.

The statistic shows the total population of Australia from 1980 to 2023, with projections up until 2030. In 2023, Australia had a total population of about 26.95 million people. Population of Australia Australia is among the ten largest countries in the world, in terms of area size, although its total population is low in relation to this. Much of Australia’s interior remains uninhabited, as the majority of Australians live in coastal metropolises and cities. Most of the population is of European descent (predominantly British), although there is a growing share of the population with Asian heritage; only a small percentage belongs to the indigenous Aboriginal population. Australia's year-on-year population growth is fairly high compared to most other economically and demographically advanced nations, due to comparatively high rates of natural increase and immigration. Living standards Standard of living is fairly high in Australia, which can be seen when looking at the Human Development Index, which ranks countries by their level of human development and living standards, such as their unemployment rate, literacy rate, or life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy of Australia’s population is quite high in international comparison, for example, Australia is also among the leading countries when it comes to this key factor. Economically speaking, Australia is also among the leading nations, with a steadily rising employment rate, an increasing gross domestic product (GDP) with a steady growth rate, and a relatively stable share in the global GDP.

Migrants from the United Kingdom have long been Australia’s primary immigrant group and in 2023 there were roughly 960 thousand English-born people living in Australia. India and China held second and third place respectively with regard to Australia’s foreign-born population. The relative dominance of Asian countries in the list of top ten foreign-born residents of Australia represents a significant shift in Australia’s immigration patterns over the past few decades. Where European-born migrants had previously overshadowed other migrant groups, Australian migration figures are now showing greater migration numbers from neighboring countries in Asia and the Pacific. A history of migration Australia is often referred to as an ‘immigrant nation’, alongside the United States, Canada, and New Zealand. Before the Second World War, migrants to Australia were almost exclusively from the UK, however after 1945, Australia’s immigration policy was broadened to attract economic migrants and temporary skilled migrants. These policy changes saw and increase in immigrants particularly from Greece and Italy. Today, Australia maintains its status as an ‘’Immigrant nation’’, with almost 30 percent of the population born overseas and around 50 percent of the population having both that were born overseas. Australian visas The Australian immigration program has two main categories of visa, permanent and temporary. The permanent visa category offers three primary pathways: skilled, family and humanitarian. The skilled visa category is by far the most common, with more than a million permanent migrants living in Australia on this visa category at the last Australian census in 2021. Of the temporary visa categories, the higher education visa is the most popular, exceeding 180 thousand arrivals in 2023.

Genomewide analysis of genetic divergence is critically important in understanding the genetic processes of allopatric speciation. We sequenced RAD tags of 131 Asian seabass individuals of six populations from South-East Asia and Australia/Papua New Guinea. Using 32 433 SNPs, we examined the genetic diversity and patterns of population differentiation across all the populations. We found significant evidence of genetic heterogeneity between South-East Asian and Australian/Papua New Guinean populations. The Australian/Papua New Guinean populations showed a rather lower level of genetic diversity. FST and principal components analysis revealed striking divergence between South-East Asian and Australian/Papua New Guinean populations. Interestingly, no evidence of contemporary gene flow was observed. The demographic history was further tested based on the folded joint site frequency spectrum. The scenario of ancient migration with historical population size changes was suggested to be the best fit model to explain the genetic divergence of Asian seabass between South-East Asia and Australia/Papua New Guinea. This scenario also revealed that Australian/Papua New Guinean populations were founded by ancestors from South-East Asia during mid-Pleistocene and were completely isolated from the ancestral population after the last glacial retreat. We also detected footprints of local selection, which might be related to differential ecological adaptation. The ancient gene flow was examined and deemed likely insufficient to counteract the genetic differentiation caused by genetic drift. The observed genomic pattern of divergence conflicted with the ‘genomic islands’ scenario. Altogether, Asian seabass have likely been evolving towards allopatric speciation since the split from the ancestral population during mid-Pleistocene.

Fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda adults and/or larvae populations sampled from field or as laboratory-maintained cultures. Sequencing data for populations obtained from Southeast Asia (Myanmar, Lao DPR, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines), East Asia (South Korea), Pacific/Australia (Papua New Guinea) and Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales)

In 2019 there were ********* migrants from the United Kingdom in Australia. The next largest migrant groups were people from China and New Zealand at over ******* migrants each. More recently Australian migration figures are showing greater migration numbers from neighboring countries in Asia and the Pacific and reduced numbers of European-born migrants.

Spatial genetic subdivision between northern Australia with the keywords: Ningaloo, Pilbara, Broome, Marine Fauna, Fish, Genetics, Tropics, Management

More than 1.2 million people of Chinese heritage live in Australia today. Their experiences are as diverse as their views; many were born in Australia, with lineages that span generations of Australian history. Others have migrated more recently from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Southeast Asia. Chinese-Australian communities have flourished and contributed to many aspects of Australian life. The Lowy Institute’s Multiculturalism, Identity and Influence Project conducted its first nationally representative poll of Chinese-Australians at the end of 2020. Respondents were asked about their perspectives on life in Australia, and views on a wide range of issues — from foreign influence and relationships with China, to systems of government and pride in Australian life and culture. There is both continuity and divergence when these sentiments are compared to the broader Australian population, and the views of those of other diaspora communities.

The historical literature suggests that in Australia, the domestic cat (Felis catus) had a European origin [~200 years before present (ybp)], but it is unclear if cats arrived from across the Asian land bridge contemporaneously with the dingo (4000 ybp), or perhaps immigrated ~40000 ybp in association with Aboriginal settlement from Asia. The origin of cats in Australia is important because the continent has a complex and ancient faunal assemblage that is dominated by endemic rodents and marsupials and lacks the large placental carnivores found on other large continents. Cats are now ubiquitous across the entire Australian continent and have been implicit in the range contraction or extinction of its small to medium sized (<3.5kg) mammals. We analyzed the population structure of 830 cats using 15 short tandem repeat (STR) genomic markers. Their origin appears to come exclusively from European founders. Feral cats in continental Australia exhibit high genetic diversity in comparison with the low diversity found in populations of feral cats living on islands. The genetic structure is consistent with a rapid westerly expansion from eastern Australia and a limited expansion in coastal Western Australia. Australian cats show modest if any population structure and a close genetic alignment with European feral cats as compared to cats from Asia, the Christmas and Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Indian Ocean), and European wildcats (F. silvestris silvestris).

Characteristics of the population of the study.

Aims To investigate and establish the optimal threshold of rCBF correlates with final infarct volume for Asian populations. Methods/Overaching design This is an observational non-interventional cohort study investigating the optimal ischemic threshold of rCBF comparing Australian and Indonesian ischemic stroke patients. It will be conducted at two main centres, 1) Geelong University Hospital, Australia and (2) National Brain Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia. We believe that the study design will adequately address the overarching aims of my PhD in the elucidation of an optimal relative rCBF threshold for Asian patients. The study in both centres will share the following protocol and will align to the following study design principles and data acquisition as follows: Patient data will be sourced from neuroimaging sequences, including computed tomography perfusion (CTP) rCBF initial ischemic core at presentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) within 72 hours to demonstrate the final infarct volume and CT angiography (CTA). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) will be reviewed only for patients who proceed to endovascular clot retrieval. Ischemic core volumes will be modelled using different rCBF thresholds. These models provide the basis for comparing and matching the appropriate thresholds in both populations. Consent procedures and clinical waiver processes Jakarta: We will obtain patient consent from Jakarta for neuroimaging (CT perfusion, CT angiography (CTA) and MRI with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Either the Emergency Department doctors or neurologists on site will be responsible for obtaining consent from either the patient or from patient’s family. Geelong Neuroimaging (CT perfusion, CT angiography and MRI (with DWI) constitutes the current standard of care for all stroke patients. On this basis, consent is not required. Patient Participation - Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Inclusion Criteria: 1. Ischemic Stroke up to 24 hours from ictal onset 2. Age >18 years old Exclusion Criteria: 1. intracerebral haemorrhage 2. Pregnant women 3. Asian population in Australia General data collection protocol The preliminary assessment protocol involves collection of patient specific data Standardised per site sourced from a sequence of clinical, observational and imaging Procedures. On arrival at the emergency department, general wards, and stroke unit patients are assessed by the Emergency Department doctors, neurological registrars or designated stroke neurologists: 1). Initial clinical assessment (for all patients including those who proceed to intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy) The following data will be collected in the Clinical Report Form (CRF) as baseline measurement: age, gender, time metrics, vascular risk factors, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), relevant medical history, current medications. 2). Stroke imaging sequence protocol The following imaging sequences will be performed for all study patients: non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), CT angiogram, CT perfusion, MRI and digital subtraction angiography (only for those patients who proceed to ECR). NCCT NCCT is critical in its use in exclusion of intracerebral haemorrhage. It is less sensitive but remains useful in the detection of early ischemic changes which include obscuration of grey-white matter and basal ganglia, cortical sulcal effacement and focal parenchymal hypo attenuation[67]. CT angiogram CT angiogram provides information regarding the presence and location of large vessel occlusion. This allows for classification of patients into different stroke territories. In addition, intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) will be detected[81]. CT perfusion CT perfusion provides information regarding tissue at risk (represented by T Max +6) and predicted ischemic core (represented by rCBF)[75]. Data collected from CT perfusion therefore contributes to the basis of this PhD the characteristics and processing of which will be elaborated in the next section on methodology. MRI Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) MRI (utilizing diffusion weighted imaging sequences, DWI) provides an internationally confirmed standard for quantification of the ischemic core at 24-72 hours[64, 72]. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) DSA provides data on the degree of reperfusion after endovascular clot retrieval (ECR)/thrombectomy. Follow up clinical assessment 1. mRS and NIHSS at discharge will be collected to assess the improvement. 2. mRS at day 90 will be collected by phone call or during clinical visit. Our preliminary participant inclusion and assessment protocol involves collection of patient specific data; standardised per site sourced from a sequence of clinical, observational and imaging procedures The imaging protocol and associated imaging and data analytical sequence is as follows: Initially a non-contrast-enhanced head CT and/or a CT angiogram will be combined with a Perfusion CT scan. CT perfusion scanning parameters and data acquisition General principles Whole-brain perfusion CT is routinely accomplished using CT systems with a purpose designed data acquisition and wide detector array 8-16 cm system (DAS). Time-resolved scans are used to track the flow of iodinated contrast media through the brain with multiple images (20-40) acquired over the same region of interest (ROI) of target anatomy. Patients are required to remain still during the examination in order to avoid motion misregistration. The examination couch may remain stationary during the entire examination or move back and forth to enable acquisition of date in the required imaging planes dictated by underlying engineering principles. Acquisitions are repeated at specified time intervals (e.g. every second to every 2-3 seconds) for a predetermined duration (e.g. 40-90 seconds). Thick image sections are acquired to minimize image noise and optimize the useful signal to noise (SRN) ratio (section widths are generally set at 5-10 mm). Data are used to generate colour maps of hemodynamic significance, for example cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT) and time to peak (TPP). Dose Management 80 kVp is an international standard that is recognised to increase iodine signal brightness and maintain low radiation dosage per single scan (i.e. one tube rotation). The time interval between scans, and hence the total number of scans over the examination duration, is set carefully, taking into an account the requirements of the analysis algorithm. Dose (tube current) modulation is not generally used, as it interferes with the calculation of the CBV and CBF parameters. Our imaging protocols adopted in Geelong and Jakarta have been designed to align with international standards and guidelines consequently there is technical and clinical standardisation of the imaging techniques performed in both centres. While it is acknowledged that there are differences in the technical design and specifications of commercial imaging systems. We have ensured that our data standardisation and management processes align with (DICOM) standards consequently our pre and post processing of DICOM data in the (RAPID) software is considered compatible between both sites providing the required levels of accuracy and compatibility for comparative analysis. Data acquisition technical specifications per site: Jakarta specific CT perfusion protocol CTP (Model: Phillips ICT 256) 1. Total volume contrast of injection 40 mL Iodine based contrast medium is given with injection rate of bolus at 6mls/sec. 2. The injector and the scanner are started at the same time. 3. Images are acquired every 1.5 seconds for 70 seconds, thus obtaining 35 sets of data. 4. Perfusion coverage is 8cm. 5. Images will be constructed which are 5 mm thick. 6. Total of 640 images will be produced. 7. We use 80kVp and 100mAs for the perfusion. 8. CTP series will be auto sent (by series) to RAPID for post-processing Geelong specific CT perfusion protocol CT Perfusion (Model: Philips ICT Scanner 256) 1. Total volume of 50 mL of Iodine based contrast medium is given as an injection bolus at a rate of 6mL/sec. 2. The injector and the scanner are started at the same time. 3. Images are acquired every 2 seconds for 70 seconds, thus obtaining 35 sets of data. 4. Perfusion coverage is 8cm. 5. Images are 10mm thick and produce 8 images per acquisition. 6. Total of 280 images will be produced. 7. We use 80kVp and 80mAs for the perfusion. 8. CTP series will be auto sent (by series) to RAPID for processing CT Carotid Angiography CTA: (Model: Phillips ICT 256) Jakarta’s Protocol 1. A total volume of 65-75ml of Iodine based contrast is given as an injection bolus at a rate of 5mls/sec. 2. Bolus tracking is used to start the scan. 3. A single image will be taken through the aortic arch and place a ROI in the descending aorta. 4. Wait for 15 seconds after the injection and then take monitoring scans through the arch. When the contrast reaches a predetermined threshold level of 150HU it indicates the beginning of the scan. 5. Generate a thin data set with slice thickness of 0.9 mm. 6. Multiplanar (MPR) images will be created in several planes that are 4mm thickness. 7. 120kVp will be used for angiography. 8. Radiation dose: 31.9 mGy(DLP:801.2 mGycm) Geelong’s Protocol (Model: Philips ICT Scanner 256) 1. A total volume of 65-75ml of Iodine based contrast is given as an injection bolus at a rate of 5mls/sec. 2. Bolus tracking is used to start the scan. 3. A single image will be taken through the aortic arch and place a ROI in the descending aorta. 4. Wait 15 seconds after the injection and then take monitoring scans through the arch. When the contrast reaches a predetermined threshold level of 150HU it indicates the beginning of the scan. 5. Generate a thin data set with slice thickness of 0.8mm. 6.

Author: Joseph Kerski, post_secondary_educator, Esri and University of DenverGrade/Audience: high school, ap human geography, post secondary, professional developmentResource type: lessonSubject topic(s): population, maps, citiesRegion: africa, asia, australia oceania, europe, north america, south america, united states, worldStandards: All APHG population tenets. Geography for Life cultural and population geography standards. Objectives: 1. Understand how population change and demographic characteristics are evident at a variety of scales in a variety of places around the world. 2. Understand the whys of where through analysis of change over space and time. 3. Develop skills using spatial data and interactive maps. 4. Understand how population data is communicated using 2D and 3D maps, visualizations, and symbology. Summary: Teaching and learning about demographics and population change in an effective, engaging manner is enriched and enlivened through the use of web mapping tools and spatial data. These tools, enabled by the advent of cloud-based geographic information systems (GIS) technology, bring problem solving, critical thinking, and spatial analysis to every classroom instructor and student (Kerski 2003; Jo, Hong, and Verma 2016).

BackgroundAbout 600 million people are estimated to be infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, the species that causes most of the human strongyloidiasis cases. S. stercoralis can also infect non-human primates (NHPs), dogs and cats, rendering these animals putative sources for zoonotic human S. stercoralis infection. S. fuelleborni is normally found in old world NHPs but occasionally also infects humans, mainly in Africa. Dogs in southeast Asia carry at least two types of Strongyloides, only one of which appears to be shared with humans ("dog only" and "human and dog" types). For S. stercoralis with molecular taxonomic information, there is a strong sampling bias towards southeast and east Asia and Australia.Methodology/Principle findingsIn order to extend the geographic range of sampling, we collected human and dog derived Strongyloides spp. and hookworms from two locations in Bangladesh and subjected them to molecular taxonomic and genomic analysis based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. All hookworms found were Necator americanus. Contrary to earlier studies in Asia, we noticed a rather high incidence of S. fuelleborni in humans. Also in this study, we found the two types of S. stercoralis and no indication for genetic isolation from the southeast Asian populations. However, we found one genomically "dog only" type S. stercoralis in a human sample and we found two worms in a dog sample that had a nuclear genome of the "dog only" but a mitochondrial genome of the "human and dog" type.Conclusions/SignificanceS. fuelleborni may play a more prominent role as a human parasite in certain places in Asia than previously thought. The introgression of a mitochondria haplotype into the "dog only" population suggests that rare interbreeding between the two S. stercoralis types does occur and that exchange of genetic properties, for example a drug resistance, between the two types is conceivable.

The spitting spider Scytodes fusca is well known species complex for its unusual hunting technique which involves spitting a venomous sticky silken substance over its prey. Previous studies supposed that S. fusca was native to Central and Southern America but had been expanded to the tropics of almost every continent. We aimed to test the hypothesis of a Neotropical origin for this spider followed by a secondary dispersal to other regions, and to discuss how population expansion occurred in the tropics was driven. We investigated the population structure and spatiotemporal biogeography of the species complex through a culmination of a 22-year comprehensive global sampling using the mitochondrial and nuclear loci (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3 and ITS2). The S. fusca species complex is divided into two clades. One clade comprises the haplotypes from Australasian regions and a haplotype from Baja Peninsula, Mexico. The other is composed of the haplotypes from all analyzed regions including Asia, Australia, the Americas and Madagascar. The Americas and Madagascar populations exhibit a lower genetic diversity compared with the Australasian population, and both have different population demographic histories. The initial divergence within the species complex started during the early Miocene. Diversifications of both clades occurred during the late Miocene. One haplotype was recently and widely dispersed into Southeast Asia, South Asia, Australia, the Americas and Madagascar. Our results elucidate the global spread history of the S. fusca species complex, suggesting a Malay Archipelago origin, two expansion routes, and its multiple dispersals into the Americas that stem from a common native source population, as well as from Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, or Turks and Caicos bridgeheads. Our data support that the expansion of the S. fusca species complex from Australasia to America and Madagascar was facilitated by long-distance jump dispersal events.

Details of sample collections for Sarus Crane (Ssp: subspecies; M: microsatellites; S: sequences).

Traditionally, people have inhabited places with ready access to fresh water. Today, over 50% of the global population lives in urban areas, and water can be directed via tens of kilometres of pipelines. Still, however, a large part of the world's population is directly dependent on access to natural freshwater sources. So how are inhabited places related to the location of freshwater bodies today? We present a high-resolution global analysis of how close present-day populations live to surface freshwater. We aim to increase the understanding of the relationship between inhabited places, distance to surface freshwater bodies, and climatic characteristics in different climate zones and administrative regions. Our results show that over 50% of the world's population lives closer than 3 km to a surface freshwater body, and only 10% of the population lives further than 10 km away. There are, however, remarkable differences between administrative regions and climatic zones. Populations in Australia, Asia, and Europe live closest to water. Although populations in arid zones live furthest away from freshwater bodies in absolute terms, relatively speaking they live closest to water considering the limited number of freshwater bodies in those areas. Population distributions in arid zones show statistically significant relationships with a combination of climatic factors and distance to water, whilst in other zones there is no statistically significant relationship with distance to water. Global studies on development and climate adaptation can benefit from an improved understanding of these relationships between human populations and the distance to fresh water.

The Australian Cultural Fields (ACF) questionnaire was modelled on the French study pioneered by Pierre Bourdieu (1984). While there have been many subsequent studies that have explored the cultural tastes and practices of particular social groups or educational cohorts, or focused on particular cultural fields, there have been only a few national surveys encompassing a wide range of cultural fields. Such surveys have been conducted in Australia (Bennett et al., 1999), Britain (Bennett et al., 2009), Denmark (Prieur et al., 2008) and Serbia (Cveticanin and Popescu, 2011). In building on these earlier studies, the ACF survey sought to address the distinctive socio-cultural coordinates of a settler-colonial society with an Indigenous population asserting an increasingly strong cultural presence, and a large and growing multicultural population with a rapidly changing composition from mainly southern European sources of migration towards east and southern Asia. The key innovations in questionnaire design are that, by opting for an in-depth inquiry into patterns of consumption in the art, literary, sport, television, heritage and music fields - but excluding other areas: film and culinary practices, for example - we were able to go beyond questions relating to tastes for the main genres and patterns of participation most strongly associated with those fields, to ask our respondents whether they recognised, engaged with and, if so, liked or disliked an extensive repertoire of named cultural items. These were further differentiated according to whether they were international or Australian in provenance, ensuring that the international items were spread across Europe and America with some items from Asia. The Australian items identified for each field also included examples of Indigenous culture available to 'mainstream Australia'. The questions focused on the six cultural fields were followed by detailed explorations of the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. These included age, gender, occupation, class position and identification, level of education, field of study and university attended for those with tertiary education, occupations of partners, levels of education for partners and parents, ethnicity and ethnic identification, country of birth, Indigenous identification, level of income, capital holdings, housing and place of residence. After the survey was completed, follow-up interviews with 42 participants were undertaken. Selection of those interviewed was based on accessing participants who reflected the issues and circumstances the project was examining, rather than statistically representative cohorts. Consequently, interviewees were selected to capture a range of people across age, gender, class, education and income levels. Fifteen of the participants came from the survey’s boost samples. Because of the difficulty of finding young Indigenous participants, we included an interview with one person in this category who had not completed the survey. While most interviewees were drawn from Sydney and Brisbane and their fringe areas, there was a selection from regional centres.

Sources of Sarus Crane DNA used in analyses.

This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Asia (5)" at Van Diemen's Land on 1840-08-06

This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.

Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Asia (5) * sailed date : 1840-04-27 from Sheerness * arrival date : 1840-08-06 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:276 Men ; Deaths:2 Men ; Landed:--.(NSW) and 274(VDL) Men

Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.

This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "364.19" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.

In 2023, Australia had the highest banked population share across the Asia-Pacific region with *** percent. At that time, the share of banked population in Vietnam amounted to ** percent.