Data collected through direct observation during boat and foot survey. Location/s recorded by handheld GPS

IntroductionIn Australia, physical activity initiatives are often implemented by state and federal governments to enhance population-wide physical activity levels. Given the complexity and variability of government-funded physical activity programs, a scoping review is needed to synthesise the existing evidence and identify gaps in current initiatives. The aim of this review is to explore the reach, effectiveness, and impact of government-funded, population-based physical activity initiatives targeting Australian adults.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and ProQuest Public Health were searched for articles published between January 2000 and April 2024. Search terms included relevant terms surrounding the main topics of “physical activity,” “intervention,” “population-based,” “government-funded,” and “Australia.” Grey literature was collected from the websites of relevant organisations, health agencies of Australian states and territories, and other government departments. In addition, a manual search of references listed in primary sources was conducted to find journal articles missed during the database search. A narrative synthesis of included studies was conducted.ResultsIn total, 6,127 sources were identified, of which 71 were included in the final review. The peer-reviewed studies and grey literature evaluation reports identified physical activity initiatives across all Australian states and at the national level. Queensland and Victoria reported a greater number of physical activity interventions, strategies, and action plans compared to other states. The most common intervention strategies involved the use of digital platforms and a combination of multiple strategies.DiscussionWhile most of these initiatives increased physical activity, their overall reach to the broader Australian population was limited. The initiatives positively impacted individuals’ health (e.g., weight, mitigating chronic diseases) and well-being (e.g., developing social connections). Although these initiatives have demonstrated improvements in physical activity and community health and well-being, they have only reached a small fraction of the Australian population. This review highlights the need for a National Physical Activity Plan. While many states have published high-quality strategies and action plans, there is a pressing need for their actual implementation to assess effectiveness. Future research should focus on standardising evaluation frameworks and exploring strategies to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of initiatives, particularly in diverse populations.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/6aev4/registrations, identifier 6aev4.

Over the past 20 years, the share of the Australian population that holds a degree at a bachelor level or above has increased by more than six times, reaching 50.8 percent in 2022. Since May of 2023, however, that number has dropped to only 32 percent. In Australia, the tertiary education sector comprises both public and private institutions. The student body is comprised of both domestic and international students. University graduate employment Domestic students make up most of the graduates within Australia. The vast majority of graduates in 2022 found full-time employment after studying, with the fields of medicine, pharmacy and rehabilitation having the highest rates of employment post graduation. Dentistry graduates earned the highest median full-time salary of recent university graduates in the country. International study landscape International students are a rapidly growing segment of Australia’s tertiary education sector. The export income from international student activities amounted to just under 36.5 billion Australian dollars in 2023. Chinese students accounted for the largest share of international student enrollments in the same period. Students completing their studies at Australian universities are attracted to the prestige of obtaining a degree at some of the best universities in the world. Moreover, graduates have the opportunity to enter the Australian labor market and to apply for a permanent visa in the country.

This record provides an overview of the scope and research output of NESP Marine Biodiversity Hub Project A9 - "Grey Nurse Shark CK-MR Population Estimate – East Coast". For specific data outputs from this project, please see child records associated with this metadata. A review of the 2002 National Recovery Plan for Grey Nurse Shark (DEWHA 2009) concluded it was not possible to determine if the east coast population had shown any signs of recovery (DoE 2014); recommending a new recovery plan be developed for this species. A primary objective of the new recovery plan (DoE 2014) is to improve knowledge of GNS population status. This will require a robust estimate of population size and trend – something that has not been provided to date. This project will use genetic SNP data to inform close kin-mark recapture analysis to estimate population size and trend, and provide guidance on future monitoring strategies for the east coast population of grey nurse shark. Planned Outputs • Tools to refine and integrate CK-MR and species demographic data for population assessments of a key threatened species at a national scale (combining knowledge developed under this project combined with similar techniques being applied under NESP to euryhaline sharks and white sharks). • A national estimate of (census) population size and trend for the eastern Australian population of grey nurse shark will be developed to fulfil the highest priority actions of the National Recovery Plan. • Identify national strategies to guide future monitoring of grey nurse shark populations. • The project will provide peer-reviewed additions to the scientific literature that will add to the science-support for the development and implementation of policies to support the ecologically sustainable management of Australia’s marine environment.

The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) is a longitudinal population-based survey, first funded in 1995, which examines the health of over 57,000 Australian women. The project was designed to explore factors that influence health among women who are broadly representative of the entire Australian population. ALSWH goes beyond a narrow perspective that equates women's health with reproductive and sexual health, and takes a comprehensive view of all aspects of health throughout women's lifespan. The first survey was conducted in 1996, and covered three groups, the 1973-1978 cohort, the 1946-1951 cohort, and the 1921-1926 cohort. In 2013, a new cohort of young women, aged 18-23 and known as the 1989-95 cohort, were recruited. Each cohort receives different questionnaires, which vary in the types of questions asked, but in essence cover issues regarding overall physical and emotional health, use of health services, education and employment status, drug and/or alcohol use, diet, exercise, and family situation. A detailed description of the background, aims, themes, methods and progress of the study is given on the project web page https://www.alswh.org.au/about/. This particular dataset refers to Survey 1 of the 1946-1951 cohort and is a part of the Core Data Release. Some data in this data release were modified to maintain the confidentiality of ALSWH respondents.

The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health - widely known as Women's Health Australia - is a longitudinal population-based survey, which examines the health of over 40,000 Australian women over a 20 year period. It was first funded in 1995. The project was designed to explore factors that influence health among women who are broadly representative of the entire Australian population. The study goes beyond a narrow perspective that equates women's health with reproductive and sexual health, and takes a comprehensive view of all aspects of health throughout women's lifespan. The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is managed by staff and investigators at the Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, the University of Newcastle, and staff and investigators at the University of Queensland. Steering Committee 2011 Prof Annette Dobson (Study Director) Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland Prof Julie Byles (Study Co-Director) Affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health & Ageing, The University of Newcastle Prof Wendy Brown Affiliation: School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland Prof Christina Lee Affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Queensland Dr Deborah Loxton (Deputy Director UON) Affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, The University of Newcastle A/Prof Jayne Lucke Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland Prof Gita Mishra Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences A/Prof Nancy Pachana Affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Queensland A/Prof David Sibbritt Affiliation: School of Medical Practice and Population Health, The University of Newcastle Dr Leigh Tooth (Project Co-Ordinator) Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland

Background The aim of the study was to measure knowledge about the symptoms, prevalence and natural history of stroke; the level of concern about having a stroke; understanding of the possibilities for preventing stroke, and the relationship between age, sex, country of origin, educational level, income, self-reported risk factors, and the above factors. Methods A random sample of households was selected from an electronic telephone directory in Newcastle and Lake Macquarie area of New South Wales, Australia, between 10 September and 13 October 1999. Within each household the person who was between 18 and 80 years of age and who had the next birthday was eligible to participate in the study (1325 households were eligible). The response rate was 62%. Results The most common symptoms of stroke listed by respondents were "Sudden difficulty of speaking, understanding or reading" identified by 60.1% of the respondents, and "paralysis on one side of body" identified by 42.0% of the respondents. The level of knowledge of the prevalence of a stroke, full recovery after the stroke, and death from stroke was low and generally overestimated. 69.9% of the respondents considered strokes as being either moderately or totally preventable. There were few predictors of knowledge. Conclusion The study suggests that educational strategies may be required to improve knowledge about a wide range of issues concerning stroke in the community, as a prelude to developing preventive programmes.

Abstract

In order to develop various methods of comparable data collection on health and health system responsiveness WHO started a scientific survey study in 2000-2001. This study has used a common survey instrument in nationally representative populations with modular structure for assessing health of indviduals in various domains, health system responsiveness, household health care expenditures, and additional modules in other areas such as adult mortality and health state valuations.

The health module of the survey instrument was based on selected domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and was developed after a rigorous scientific review of various existing assessment instruments. The responsiveness module has been the result of ongoing work over the last 2 years that has involved international consultations with experts and key informants and has been informed by the scientific literature and pilot studies.

Questions on household expenditure and proportionate expenditure on health have been borrowed from existing surveys. The survey instrument has been developed in multiple languages using cognitive interviews and cultural applicability tests, stringent psychometric tests for reliability (i.e. test-retest reliability to demonstrate the stability of application) and most importantly, utilizing novel psychometric techniques for cross-population comparability.

The study was carried out in 61 countries completing 71 surveys because two different modes were intentionally used for comparison purposes in 10 countries. Surveys were conducted in different modes of in- person household 90 minute interviews in 14 countries; brief face-to-face interviews in 27 countries and computerized telephone interviews in 2 countries; and postal surveys in 28 countries. All samples were selected from nationally representative sampling frames with a known probability so as to make estimates based on general population parameters.

The survey study tested novel techniques to control the reporting bias between different groups of people in different cultures or demographic groups ( i.e. differential item functioning) so as to produce comparable estimates across cultures and groups. To achieve comparability, the selfreports of individuals of their own health were calibrated against well-known performance tests (i.e. self-report vision was measured against standard Snellen's visual acuity test) or against short descriptions in vignettes that marked known anchor points of difficulty (e.g. people with different levels of mobility such as a paraplegic person or an athlete who runs 4 km each day) so as to adjust the responses for comparability . The same method was also used for self-reports of individuals assessing responsiveness of their health systems where vignettes on different responsiveness domains describing different levels of responsiveness were used to calibrate the individual responses.

This data are useful in their own right to standardize indicators for different domains of health (such as cognition, mobility, self care, affect, usual activities, pain, social participation, etc.) but also provide a better measurement basis for assessing health of the populations in a comparable manner. The data from the surveys can be fed into composite measures such as "Healthy Life Expectancy" and improve the empirical data input for health information systems in different regions of the world. Data from the surveys were also useful to improve the measurement of the responsiveness of different health systems to the legitimate expectations of the population.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Two possible sampling frames were considered by the survey company: the telephone directory and the electoral roll data. The selected sampling frame was the electoral roll data, which enables a broader coverage of the Australian adult population in all areas.

A sample of 8000 individuals over the age of 18 years was randomly selected from the Australian Electoral Role for use in this study. The database, which was up to date as of February 2000 (and continuously updated since), was provided by ASIS List Services. The ASIS database currently includes over 12 million individual records and is guaranteed to be above the 97% level of accuracy.

Accordingly, the sample chosen should be very representative of the Australian population.

Mode of data collection

Mail Questionnaire [mail]

Cleaning operations

Data Coding At each site the data was coded by investigators to indicate the respondent status and the selection of the modules for each respondent within the survey design. After the interview was edited by the supervisor and considered adequate it was entered locally.

Data Entry Program A data entry program was developed in WHO specifically for the survey study and provided to the sites. It was developed using a database program called the I-Shell (short for Interview Shell), a tool designed for easy development of computerized questionnaires and data entry (34). This program allows for easy data cleaning and processing.

The data entry program checked for inconsistencies and validated the entries in each field by checking for valid response categories and range checks. For example, the program didn’t accept an age greater than 120. For almost all of the variables there existed a range or a list of possible values that the program checked for.

In addition, the data was entered twice to capture other data entry errors. The data entry program was able to warn the user whenever a value that did not match the first entry was entered at the second data entry. In this case the program asked the user to resolve the conflict by choosing either the 1st or the 2nd data entry value to be able to continue. After the second data entry was completed successfully, the data entry program placed a mark in the database in order to enable the checking of whether this process had been completed for each and every case.

Data Transfer The data entry program was capable of exporting the data that was entered into one compressed database file which could be easily sent to WHO using email attachments or a file transfer program onto a secure server no matter how many cases were in the file. The sites were allowed the use of as many computers and as many data entry personnel as they wanted. Each computer used for this purpose produced one file and they were merged once they were delivered to WHO with the help of other programs that were built for automating the process. The sites sent the data periodically as they collected it enabling the checking procedures and preliminary analyses in the early stages of the data collection.

Data quality checks Once the data was received it was analyzed for missing information, invalid responses and representativeness. Inconsistencies were also noted and reported back to sites.

Data Cleaning and Feedback After receipt of cleaned data from sites, another program was run to check for missing information, incorrect information (e.g. wrong use of center codes), duplicated data, etc. The output of this program was fed back to sites regularly. Mainly, this consisted of cases with duplicate IDs, duplicate cases (where the data for two respondents with different IDs were identical), wrong country codes, missing age, sex, education and some other important variables.

Provides selected information on participation in education, highest educational attainment, transition from education to work and current labour force and demographic characteristics for the civilian population aged 15-74 years. Characteristics reported on include: type of educational institution attended or attending; level and main field of education of current study and highest level and main field of educational attainment. Information on unsuccessful enrolment, and deferment of study, is included for persons not studying in the survey year. Data on apprenticeships are also provided.

ICD-10 coded broad underlying causes of death in the Australian population as a whole, and in this study.

Abstract Background Understanding of the epidemiology and health burden of eating disorders has progressed significantly in the last 2 decades. It was considered one of seven key areas to inform the Australian Government commissioned National Eating Disorder Research and Translation Strategy 2021–2031, as emerging research had highlighted a rise in eating disorder prevalence and worsening burden-of-illness. The aim of this review was to better understand the global epidemiology and impact of eating disorders to inform policy decision-making. Methods Using a systematic Rapid Review methodology, ScienceDirect, PubMed and Medline (Ovid) were searched for peer-reviewed studies published between 2009 and 2021. Clear inclusion criteria were developed in consultation with experts in the field. Purposive sampling of literature was conducted, which predominately focused on higher-level evidence (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and large epidemiological studies), synthesised, and narratively analysed. Results 135 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review (N = 1324). Prevalence estimates varied. Global Lifetime prevalence of any eating disorder ranged from 0.74 to 2.2% in males, and 2.58–8.4% in females. Australian 3-month point-prevalence of broadly defined disorders was around 16% in females. Eating disorders appeared more prevalent in young people and adolescents, particularly females (in Australia: eating disorders ~ 22.2%; disordered eating ~ 25.7%). Limited evidence was found on sex, sexuality and gender diverse (LGBTQI +) individuals, particularly males, who had a six-fold increase in prevalence compared to the general male population, with increased illness impact. Similarly, limited evidence on First Australian’s (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) suggests prevalence rates similar to non-Indigenous Australians. No prevalence studies were identified specifically assessing culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Global disease burden of any eating disorder was 43.4 age-standardised disability-adjusted-life-years per 100,000; increasing by 9.4% between 2007 and 2017. Australian’s total economic cost was estimated at $84 billion from years-of-life lost due to disability and death, and annual lost earnings ~ $1.646 billion.” Conclusions There is no doubt that eating disorder prevalence and impact are on the rise, particularly in at-risk and understudied populations. Much of the evidence came from female-only samples, and Western, high-income countries which more readily have access to specialised services. Future research should examine more representative samples. There is an urgent need for more refined epidemiological methods to better understand these complex illnesses over time, to guide health policy and development-of-care.

The ALSWH is a national, longitudinal, population-based study exploring factors that influence health among women who are broadly representative of the entire Australian population. ALSWH has recruited more than 57,000 women in four age cohorts since 1996. The current study investigates the 1973-78 cohort. The 1973-78 cohort was recruited through random selection from all women in the Australian Medicare database who were born between 1973 and 1978. A total of 14,247 participants aged 18 to 23 years were recruited and completed their first survey in 1996.

A detailed description of the background, aims, themes, methods and progress of the study is given on the project web page https://www.alswh.org.au/about/. The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health - widely known as Women's Health Australia - is a longitudinal population-based survey, which examines the health of over 40,000 Australian women over a 20 year period. It was first funded in 1995. The project was designed to explore factors that influence health among women who are broadly representative of the entire Australian population. The study goes beyond a narrow perspective that equates women's health with reproductive and sexual health, and takes a comprehensive view of all aspects of health throughout women's lifespan. The first wave was conducted in 1996, which was segregated into three groups, the 1973-1978 (Young) cohort, the 1946-1951 (Mid-age) cohort, and the 1921-1926 (Old-age) cohort. Each cohort received a different questionnaire, which varied in the types of questiones asked, but in essence covered issues regarding overall physical and emotional health, use of health services, education and employment status, drug and/or alcohol use, diet, exercise, and family situation. This particular dataset refers to wave five of the 1921-1926 (Old-age) cohort.

Widespread degradation across Australia’s inland wetland network has contributed to severe declines for many waterbird species. In contrast, breeding colonies of the Australian white ibis (Threskiornis molucca) have increased in urbanised areas along the coast, but the level of dispersal and gene flow between inland and coastal areas remain unknown. This study uses single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to ascertain the variables influencing genetic connectivity among several inland and urban colonies of white ibis across south-eastern Australia between 2015 and 2018. The contemporary effective population size was estimated, and this value was used in simulations to evaluate the impact of various management scenarios on future genetic diversity. We found no significant differences in allele frequencies between localities, or robust evidence of site fidelity, therefore suggesting widespread dispersal and gene flow between inland and urban colonies. Furthermore, effective sizes were large enough to maintain genetic diversity into the future under various realistic management scenarios. However, the lack of genetic partitioning found suggests that urban management of the ibis should not be undertaken in isolation of the conservation requirements of inland colonies.

Methods

The data were collected as part of a population genetics study investigating gene flow and effective population sizes of Australian white ibis (Threskiornis molucca) across south-east Australia. Feather samples were collected non-invasively from 11 wetlands and extracted DNA was sequenced via genotyping-by-sequencing methods employed by Diversity Arrays Technology, Canberra, Australia. Resulting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were filtered for quality.

Usage Notes

Please see the ReadMe file for additional details on the dataset.

Future Melbourne Community Plan is the City of Melbourne’s premier planning document. It outlines a plan to grow Melbourne as a global, liveable, and sustainable city. The City of Melbourne accepted responsibility for monitoring the Future Melbourne indicators over the ten years from 2008 and reporting outcomes to Melbourne City Council, the public and City of Melbourne administration. City of Melbourne has commenced a review of the Future Melbourne 2008 plan this year with a view to writing a …Show full descriptionFuture Melbourne Community Plan is the City of Melbourne’s premier planning document. It outlines a plan to grow Melbourne as a global, liveable, and sustainable city. The City of Melbourne accepted responsibility for monitoring the Future Melbourne indicators over the ten years from 2008 and reporting outcomes to Melbourne City Council, the public and City of Melbourne administration. City of Melbourne has commenced a review of the Future Melbourne 2008 plan this year with a view to writing a renewed Future Melbourne 2016-26 plan. To be able to track Melbourne’s progress according to the aims set out in the Future Melbourne 2008 Plan, City of Melbourne developed and indicators framework including indicators for personal wellbeing and social connection, derived from the Australian Unity wellbeing survey. Australian Unity and the Australian Centre on Quality of Life at Deakin University have conducted national bi-annual population surveys for the last ten years and created an index of perceived wellbeing for the Australian population, including the population of Melbourne. Both organisations support the Index being used and developed as a scientific tool and encourage investigations into the usefulness of the Index by others. City of Melbourne annually collects data on the personal wellbeing, social connection, self-reported health, volunteering behaviour, food security, acceptance of diverse cultures; engagement in decision making and arts and cultural activities of residents in Melbourne Local Government Area. To achieve this City of Melbourne commissioned a survey of 400 respondents.

This dataset documents food retail stores that service remote Indigenous communities in Australia. A seed list created by the National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA) was extended and validated, including reviews by experts and stakeholders, during 2022. Store location, contact information, management, and ownership/legal registration were identified along with the size of the community the store serves. A final dataset of 233 remote or very remote stores was created., A seed list from the National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA) was extended and validated. The dataset was extended using desk research with additional reviews by experts and stakeholders, during 2022., Data is stored in a single comma-delimited CSV. A data dictionary is provided in a separate CSV.

The ecological roles of large predators are well recognised, but quantifying their functional impacts remains an active area of research. In this study, we examined the metabolic requirements and nutrient outputs of the estuarine crocodile population (Crocodylus porosus) in northern Australia over a 50-year period, during which the population increased from a few thousand to over 100,000 individuals. Bioenergetic modelling showed that during this period, the crocodile population’s annual prey consumption increased from < 20 kg km-2 in 1979 to ~180 kg km-2 in 2019. Further, the prey consumption increase was accompanied by a significant dietary shift from predominantly aquatic prey (~65% in 1979) to a terrestrial-based diet (~70% in 2019). A substantial portion of these terrestrial-derived nutrients was excreted into the water, significantly increasing the input rates of nitrogen (186-fold) and phosphorus (56-fold). The study shows that despite being ectothermic, the high biomass of crocodiles within the environment generated nutrient inputs comparable to terrestrial endothermic predator populations. Apex ectotherm predators are generally considered not to affect ecosystems in the same manner as endothermic predators. Still, in northern Australia’s oligotrophic freshwater environments, the high rates of prey consumption by dense crocodile populations are likely causing top-down and bottom-up effects.

This dataset is from a paper by Scott Whiting and Michael Guinea (2005) on observations of Dudongs at Ashmore Reef and Sahul Banks, Australia. A small, but significant, population of dugongs (Dugong dugon) occurs on Ashmore Reef. One sighting in 1996, 130 km east of Ashmore Reef, indicates that dugongs could use other shallow shoals on the Sahul Banks. Individuals representing all age classes were present on Ashmore Reef. Cow and calf pairs indicate that breeding occurs on the reef and there is at least some short-term residency. The oceanic coral reef habitat used by these dugongs is unusual when compared to the coastal habitat used by other Australian populations. Situated between Indonesia and the Australian mainland, Ashmore Reef supports a population of dugongs whose genetic identity is uncertain.

This dataset refers to wave five of the 1921-1926 (Old-age) cohort. ALSWH began in 1996, and consisted of three cohorts; the 1973-1978 (Young) cohort, the 1946-1951 (Mid-age) cohort, and the 1921-1926 (Old-age) cohort. Each cohort received a different questionnaire, which varied in the types of questions asked. In essence, the surveys covered issues regarding overall physical and emotional health, use of health services, education and employment status, drug and/or alcohol use, diet, exercise, and family situation. The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is managed by staff and investigators at the Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing at, The University of Newcastle, and staff and investigators at the University of Queensland. Steering Committee 2011 includes: - Prof Annette Dobson (Study Director) Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland - Prof Julie Byles (Study Co-Director) Affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, The University of Newcastle - Prof Wendy Brown Affiliation: School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland - Prof Christina Lee Affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Queensland - Dr Deborah Loxton (Deputy Director UON) Affiliation: Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing,The University of Newcastle - A/Prof Jayne Lucke Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland - Prof Gita Mishra Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland - A/Prof Nancy Pachana Affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Queensland - A/Prof David Sibbritt Affiliation: School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle - Dr Leigh Tooth (Project Co-ordinator) Affiliation: School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland

A study of the population genetics of the prawn Penaeus monodon in northern and eastern Australian waters. Mitochondrial D-loop DNA (and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism - RFLP) were used to estimate connectivity and dispersal between populations which range through locations in Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales. Statistical analyses and clustering procedures were carried out.Collection of samples were from 6 locations throughout the species range in Australia: Townsville, Cairns, Weipa, Melville Island, Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, De Grey River.Some comparison was made with Indonesian and South African samples, see separate metadata record.Microsatellite markers were used in a further study of genetic variation among the Australian populations above.
To estimate connectivity and dispersal between Penaeus monodon populations in northern and eastern Australia.To compare results with genetic analyses using allozymes.
Separate metadata records apply for data relating to the genetic analyses using allozymes of Penaeus monodon from Australian waters and South Africa.