Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Dataset:

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Image Dataset consists of a collection of images containing UAVs, along with object annotations for the UAVs found in each image. The annotations have been converted into the COCO, YOLO, and VOC formats for ease of use with various object detection frameworks. The images in the dataset were captured from a variety of angles and under different lighting conditions, making it a useful resource for training and evaluating object detection algorithms for UAVs. The dataset is intended for use in research and development of UAV-related applications, such as autonomous flight, collision avoidance and rogue drone tracking and following. The dataset consists of the following images and detection objects (Drone):

It is advised to further enhance the dataset so that random augmentations are probabilistically applied to each image prior to adding it to the batch for training. Specifically, there are a number of possible transformations such as geometric (rotations, translations, horizontal axis mirroring, cropping, and zooming), as well as image manipulations (illumination changes, color shifting, blurring, sharpening, and shadowing).

**NOTE** If you use this dataset in your research/publication please cite us using the following

Rafael Makrigiorgis, Nicolas Souli, & Panayiotis Kolios. (2022). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Dataset (1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477569

Semantic Drone Dataset

The Semantic Drone Dataset focuses on semantic understanding of urban scenes for increasing the safety of autonomous drone flight and landing procedures. The imagery depicts more than 20 houses from nadir (bird's eye) view acquired at an altitude of 5 to 30 meters above ground. A high resolution camera was used to acquire images at a size of 6000x4000px (24Mpx). The training set contains 400 publicly available images and the test set is made up of 200 private images.

Semantic Annotation

The images are labeled densely using polygons and contain the following 22 classes:

• unlabeled
• paved-area
• dirt
• grass
• gravel
• water
• rocks
• pool
• vegetation
• roof
• wall
• window
• door
• fence
• fence-pole
• person
• dog
• car
• bicycle
• tree
• bald-tree
• ar-marker
• obstacle

Included Data

• 400 training images
• Dense semantic annotations in png format can be found in trainingset/gt/semantic/labelimages/
• Dense semantic annotations as LabelMe xml files can be found in trainingset/gt/semantic/labelme_xml/
• Semantic class definition can be found in trainingset/gt/semantic/classdict.csv
• Bounding boxes of persons as LabelMe xml files found "in trainingset/gt/boundingbox/labelmexml
• Bounding boxes of persons as mask images found in trainingset/gt/boundingbox/masks
• Bounding boxes of individual persons as mask images found in trainingset/gt/boundingbox/masks_instances
• Bounding boxes of persons as python pickle file found in trainingset/gt/boundingbox/bounding_boxes/person/

Contact

aerial@icg.tugraz.at

Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite the following URL: www.dronedataset.icg.tugraz.at

License

The Drone Dataset is made freely available to academic and non-academic entities for non-commercial purposes such as academic research, teaching, scientific publications, or personal experimentation. Permission is granted to use the data given that you agree:

• That the dataset comes "AS IS", without express or implied warranty. Although every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, we (Graz University of Technology) do not accept any responsibility for errors or omissions.
• That you include a reference to the Semantic Drone Dataset in any work that makes use of the dataset. For research papers or other media link to the Semantic Drone Dataset webpage.
• That you do not distribute this dataset or modified versions. It is permissible to distribute derivative works in as far as they are abstract representations of this dataset (such as models trained on it or additional annotations that do not directly include any of our data) and do not allow to recover the dataset or something similar in character.
• That you may not use the dataset or any derivative work for commercial purposes as, for example, licensing or selling the data, or using the data with a purpose to procure a commercial gain.
• That all rights not expressly granted to you are reserved by us (Graz University of Technology).

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Aircraft Fly-By-Wire System Market Size 2025-2029

The aircraft fly-by-wire system market size is forecast to increase by USD 2.69 billion at a CAGR of 6.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by the increasing demand for fuel-efficient aircraft, as airlines seek to reduce operational costs and minimize environmental impact. This trend is further fueled by the transition towards more electric aircraft, as advancements in battery technology and electric propulsion systems gain traction. However, the market faces significant challenges, including the high development and certification costs associated with these advanced systems. Manufacturers must navigate these hurdles to bring new products to market, while also addressing safety concerns and ensuring regulatory compliance.
To capitalize on market opportunities and navigate challenges effectively, companies must focus on innovation, collaboration, and cost optimization. By investing in research and development, forming strategic partnerships, and implementing lean manufacturing processes, they can stay competitive and meet the evolving demands of the aviation industry. Additionally, the rise in demand for in-flight entertainment and connectivity (IFEC) systems is fueling market growth.

What will be the Size of the Aircraft Fly-By-Wire System Market during the forecast period?

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In the aerospace and defense industry, the fly-by-wire system market is experiencing significant advancements, driven by the integration of technology such as stability augmentation, data analytics, and adaptive control. Autopilot functions and flight control optimization are becoming increasingly essential for modern aircraft, enabling weight reduction and fuel efficiency. Machine learning and predictive control are also key trends, enabling precise management of control inputs and emissions reduction. Pilot training commonality is another area of focus, as electronic interfaces streamline the learning process. Flight envelope protection and autonomous flight control are also critical for accident risk reduction, particularly in the context of aircraft engine control.
Overall, the aviation industry is embracing these technologies to enhance safety, improve performance, and reduce operational costs. One key trend is the modernization and upgrade of commercial aircraft cabin designs, leading to an increased demand for advanced electrical switches and human-machine interfaces (HMIs).

How is this Aircraft Fly-By-Wire System Industry segmented?

The aircraft fly-by-wire system industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Commercial aviation
  Military aviation
  Business aviation


Technology

  Digital fly-by-wire
  Analog fly-by-wire


Component

  Flight control computers
  Actuators
  Cockpit controls
  Sensors
  Others


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Application Insights

The commercial aviation segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market is witnessing significant growth, particularly in the commercial aviation sector. Replacing conventional control systems with digital flight control systems, FBW technology has become a standard feature in modern aircraft. This transition is essential for enhancing flight safety, improving fuel efficiency, and enabling higher levels of automation. The commercial aviation industry is under increasing pressure to meet operational, environmental, and regulatory demands, making FBW systems a preferred choice. High-purity quartz sand and white sand are integral components in manufacturing control surfaces and electrical components for FBW systems. The space industry also leverages FBW technology for agility and damage tolerance in military aircraft and electric aircraft.

Military aviation relies on FBW systems for flight envelope protection and agility, while business aviation benefits from weight reduction and ease of handling. Electrical signals transmitted through FBW systems control the movement of control surfaces, optimizing aerodynamic performance and reducing aircraft weight. FBW systems have been adopted in advanced aircraft such as the Airbus A320neo and Boeing 787, demonstrating significant performance gains. The emphasis on fuel efficiency and emissions reduction in the aviation industry further drives the adoption of FBW technology. Brake support systems, incl

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Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Market Size 2025-2029

The urban air mobility (UAM) market size is forecast to increase by USD 8.21 billion, at a CAGR of 27.7% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the escalating urbanization and resulting traffic congestion. The market is experiencing significant growth due to increasing urbanization and traffic congestion, driving the need for innovative transportation solutions. One such solution is the use of Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (EVTOL) aircraft for urban air mobility. These autonomous vehicles offer a promising alternative to traditional public transportation methods, providing quicker travel times and reducing traffic congestion on the ground. However, the UAM market faces notable challenges. Safety and reliability concerns remain a significant obstacle, as the integration of air vehicles into urban skies necessitates stringent safety regulations and robust safety systems.
Addressing these challenges will be crucial for market players to gain consumer trust and ensure the widespread adoption of UAM services. By focusing on innovation, collaboration, and safety, companies can capitalize on the market's potential and navigate the challenges effectively, shaping the future of urban transportation.

What will be the Size of the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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The market continues to evolve, driven by advancements in technology and the growing demand for efficient, sustainable transportation solutions in urban environments. Collision avoidance systems, a crucial component of UAM, are undergoing constant refinement to ensure safe and seamless air traffic management. Turbine engines and communication systems are being optimized for UAM applications, enabling longer flight times and more reliable connectivity. Drone delivery and cargo transport are gaining traction, with propulsion system designs focusing on hybrid-electric solutions to reduce noise levels and improve battery life. Low-altitude airspace management is a priority, with digital twin technology and route optimization software helping to mitigate potential conflicts and optimize flight paths.

Operational costs are a significant concern, with ongoing research into fuel efficiency and maintenance costs. Cruising altitude and air taxi services are also areas of active development, as UAM strives to provide a superior customer experience. Cargo transport and infrastructure monitoring are additional sectors where UAM is making an impact, with network infrastructure and pilot training playing essential roles in ensuring safe and efficient operations. The UAM market is characterized by its dynamic nature, with ongoing research and development efforts shaping the landscape. From safety protocols and battery technology to software development and aviation safety, the industry is continually pushing the boundaries of what is possible in urban transportation.

How is this Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Industry segmented?

The urban air mobility (UAM) industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Autonomous
  Piloted


Application

  Delivery
  Passenger mobility


Component

  Hardware
  Aerostructure
  Avionics
  Flight control system
  Others


Capacity

  Lesser than 100 Kg
  100 - 300 Kg
  Greater than 300 Kg


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The autonomous segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The autonomous segment is revolutionizing the market with advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and autonomous navigation systems. Autonomous UAM vehicles utilize real-time data and sensors for independent flight route management, obstacle avoidance, and landings, ensuring safe and efficient operations in urban settings. These vehicles prioritize safety by relying on AI and ML for real-time decision-making, enabling fully autonomous flight without human intervention. Autonomous UAM systems integrate various components, including charging infrastructure, safety standards, flight scheduling, flight control systems, obstacle avoidance, noise levels, software development, payload capacity, landing zones, digital twin technology, fixed-wing aircraft, demand forecasting, tiltrotor aircraft, route optimization, hybrid-electric propulsion, aviation safety, aerial photography,

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Full-Service Carrier Market Size 2025-2029

The full-service carrier market size is forecast to increase by USD 87.9 billion at a CAGR of 5.3% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing trend of business travel and the digital transformation of the aviation industry. The rise in business travel is fueled by a robust global economy and the growing preference for face-to-face interactions in various sectors. This trend presents a lucrative opportunity for Full-Service Carriers to cater to the demands of corporate clients and leisure travelers alike. However, the market landscape is not without challenges. The presence of Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs) poses a significant threat to Full-Service Carriers, as they offer lower fares and a streamlined business model. These competitors have successfully captured a significant market share by catering to price-sensitive travelers.
As a result, Full-Service Carriers must focus on enhancing their offerings, such as in-flight services, loyalty programs, and seamless digital experiences, to differentiate themselves and retain customers. Adapting to these market dynamics and effectively navigating the challenges will be crucial for Full-Service Carriers seeking to capitalize on the growth opportunities in this market. Fuel-efficient aircraft and digital transformation are driving operational efficiency, while customer service systems, machine learning, and connectivity enhance the travel experience.

What will be the Size of the Full-Service Carrier Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the market, ground support equipment plays a crucial role in airport operations and terminal operations. Aviation regulations and economic regulations shape the industry, with weather forecasting and pilot training ensuring safety and efficiency. Carbon offsetting and environmental regulations are increasingly important, driving the adoption of airworthiness directives, navigation systems, engine technology, and aircraft design that reduce emissions.
Safety standards are upheld through rigorous air traffic management, gate management, international air law, and communication systems. Lightweight alloys and composite materials enhance aircraft performance, while safety is further bolstered by autonomous flight and cabin crew training. Route networks expand, offering more options for passengers, and artificial intelligence (AI) and route optimization technologies streamline flight schedules. Sustainability initiatives, such as electric aircraft and drone delivery, are transforming the market, with airport infrastructure and aircraft parts suppliers adapting to meet evolving demands.

How is this Full-Service Carrier Industry segmented?

The full-service carrier industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  International aviation
  Domestic aviation


Type

  Fixed-wing aircraft
  Rotary-wing aircraft


Service

  In-flight services
  Ground services
  Cargo services
  Loyalty programs
  Others


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada
    Mexico


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Spain
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Application Insights

The international aviation segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Full-service carriers are pivotal players in international aviation, providing a comprehensive suite of offerings to passengers traversing international borders. These carriers connect diverse countries and continents, fostering global tourism and cultural exchange. International aviation significantly contributes to economic growth by enabling the transportation of people and goods across borders. Air cargo, an integral part of full-service airlines, facilitates the swift movement of perishable goods, electronics, and industrial products. Cargo capacity is crucial for time-sensitive shipments, ensuring efficient global supply chains. Network optimization, airport security, and airline alliances are essential elements of full-service carriers' operations. Ancillary revenue streams, such as in-flight entertainment, seat assignment, mobile check-in, and online booking, enhance the passenger experience.

Route planning and flight planning ensure efficient use of aircraft utilization and fuel efficiency. Charter airlines offer flexibility for businesses and individuals, while aviation safety remains a top priority. Crew costs, maintenance, and engine maintenance are significant operational expenses. Low-cos

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Europe Aviation Market Size 2025-2029

The europe aviation market size is forecast to increase by USD 117 billion, at a CAGR of 6% between 2024 and 2029.

The European aviation market is driven by the continuous pursuit for aircraft efficiency, with manufacturers and airlines investing significantly in technological advancements. One such innovation is the integration of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in aircraft, enabling real-time tracking and maintenance monitoring, thereby improving operational efficiency and safety. However, this market is not without challenges. Fluctuations in oil and gas prices pose a significant threat, as they directly impact the operating costs for airlines. Moreover, the industry must navigate the complexities of implementing new technologies and regulations while maintaining safety and reliability standards. Companies seeking to capitalize on the market's opportunities should focus on optimizing their fleets through technology integration and maintaining a flexible business strategy to adapt to price volatility.

What will be the size of the Europe Aviation Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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The European aviation market is experiencing significant advancements, with key players exploring new frontiers in air travel. Jet engines continue to power the industry, with AI-powered flight planning and optimization enhancing fuel efficiency. Autonomous flight and hypersonic technology are pushing the boundaries of speed and efficiency. Air traffic management is undergoing a digital transformation, with augmented reality and virtual reality training tools revolutionizing pilot training. Sustainable aviation fuels and lightweight materials are driving the shift towards eco-friendly flying. Passenger experience is being redefined through biometric authentication, wearable technology, and smart airports. Data analytics and data-driven maintenance are streamlining operations, while airport automation and automated baggage handling are reducing wait times. AI-powered flight control and turboprop engines are offering cost-effective solutions for regional travel. Electric aircraft and biometric security are shaping the future of air taxi services. The industry is also embracing advanced materials and digital twins for improved safety and performance.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments. Revenue StreamPassengerFreightTypeCommercial aircraftMilitary aircraftGeneral aircraftComponentAircraftMROGround handling servicesGeographyEuropeFranceGermanySpainUK

By Revenue Stream Insights

The passenger segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The European aviation market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing number of air travelers due to economic growth and rising disposable incomes. In Q1 2023, 179 million passengers were carried across the EU, representing a 56% increase over Q1 2022. This trend continued throughout the year, with approximately 820 million people opting for air travel in 2022. Europe's popularity as a tourist destination attracts millions of visitors annually. To accommodate this surge in demand, full-service carriers and low-cost carriers are expanding their fleets, leading to an increased need for aircraft acquisition and maintenance. Communication systems, navigation systems, and safety regulations are crucial components in ensuring efficient and safe operations. Engine maintenance, noise reduction, and environmental impact are also essential considerations. Business jets and regional aircraft cater to the needs of the corporate sector, while passenger experience, cabin comfort, and in-flight entertainment are vital for commercial aviation. General aviation, fleet management, and airport infrastructure play a significant role in the market. Composite materials and aircraft design contribute to improved aircraft performance and fuel efficiency. Airport security, airport operations, passenger handling, and baggage handling are essential elements of airport infrastructure. Aviation regulations, aviation insurance, and flight operations ensure the safety and security of passengers and crew. Route planning, on-time performance, and yield management are crucial for commercial success. Cargo aircraft and aircraft interiors are integral to the aviation industry's logistical and operational efficiency. Network optimization and hub airports facilitate the smooth transportation of goods and passengers. Aircraft disposal and financing are essential aspects of t