From 2018 to 2022, around 34 percent of prostate cancer deaths in the United States were among men aged 75 to 84 years. During that period, the median age of death for prostate cancer was 79 years. This statistic shows the distribution of prostate cancer deaths in the United States between 2018 and 2022, by age.

The highest average age at cancer diagnosis among women in Russia was recorded for lip cancer, at over 76 years in 2023. Among men, prostate cancer had the highest mean age, at nearly 70 years. The earliest detection age for male patients concerned thyroid cancer and cervix cancer for female patients.

Legacy unique identifier: P00630

This dataset contains Cancer Incidence data for Prostate Cancer(All Stages^) including: Age-Adjusted Rate, Confidence Interval, Average Annual Count, and Trend field information for US States for the average 5 year span from 2016 to 2020.Data are for males segmented age (All Ages, Ages Under 50, Ages 50 & Over, Ages Under 65, and Ages 65 & Over), with field names and aliases describing the sex and age group tabulated.For more information, visit statecancerprofiles.cancer.govData NotationsState Cancer Registries may provide more current or more local data.TrendRising when 95% confidence interval of average annual percent change is above 0.Stable when 95% confidence interval of average annual percent change includes 0.Falling when 95% confidence interval of average annual percent change is below 0.† Incidence rates (cases per 100,000 population per year) are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population (19 age groups: <1, 1-4, 5-9, ... , 80-84, 85+). Rates are for invasive cancer only (except for bladder cancer which is invasive and in situ) or unless otherwise specified. Rates calculated using SEER*Stat. Population counts for denominators are based on Census populations as modified by NCI. The US Population Data File is used for SEER and NPCR incidence rates.‡ Incidence Trend data come from different sources. Due to different years of data availability, most of the trends are AAPCs based on APCs but some are APCs calculated in SEER*Stat. Please refer to the source for each area for additional information.Rates and trends are computed using different standards for malignancy. For more information see malignant.^ All Stages refers to any stage in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) summary stage.Data Source Field Key(1) Source: National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results SEER*Stat Database - United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Cancer Institute. Based on the 2022 submission.(5) Source: National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results SEER*Stat Database - United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Cancer Institute. Based on the 2022 submission.(6) Source: National Program of Cancer Registries SEER*Stat Database - United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (based on the 2022 submission).(7) Source: SEER November 2022 submission.(8) Source: Incidence data provided by the SEER Program. AAPCs are calculated by the Joinpoint Regression Program and are based on APCs. Data are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population (19 age groups: <1, 1-4, 5-9, ... , 80-84,85+). Rates are for invasive cancer only (except for bladder cancer which is invasive and in situ) or unless otherwise specified. Population counts for denominators are based on Census populations as modified by NCI. The US Population Data File is used with SEER November 2022 data.Some data are not available, see Data Not Available for combinations of geography, cancer site, age, and race/ethnicity.Data for the United States does not include data from Nevada.Data for the United States does not include Puerto Rico.

Legacy unique identifier: P00624

The highest average age at death among female cancer patients in Russia was recorded for those with a non-melanoma skin malignant neoplasm, at over 76 years in 2023. In men, prostate cancer displayed the highest mean age at death, at nearly 73 years. On average, male cancer patients in the country deceased earlier than their female counterparts.

IntroductionUp-to-date statistics on prostate cancer incidence and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. However, the incidence of Prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61) (PCa), or cancers in general, are poorly documented in Eritrea. This study analyses the data available to produce an estimate of the incidence of PCa in Eritrea.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study by identifying all incident cases of PCa captured between 2011–2018 in the National Health Laboratory pathology database (Polytech 8.37.C); Urology departments of Orotta Referral Hospital and Sembel Hospital. Crude incidence rates (CIRs), age-adjusted rates per 100,000 person years and associated trends were subsequently calculated. Joinpoint Regression Program, V.4.5.0.1 was employed in these analyses.ResultsA total of 1721 cases were reported, of which 1593 (92.5%) were benign prostatic hypertrophy cases and 128 (7.5%) were PCa cases. The mean (±SD) age of the patients with PCa was 73.49 (± 8.9), confidence interval (CI) (54–98) and the minimum and maximum ages were 54 and 98, respectively. The median age interquartile ranges (IQR) was 73 (13) years. The highest and lowest PCa incidence rates were in 2017 (4.51 per 100 000) and 2014 (2.69 per 100 000), respectively. The age standardised rates (ASIR) (World) over the study period (2011–2018) was 30.26 per 100 000. The annualized ASIR values over the study period was 3.78 per 100 000. The associated average annual percentage change (APC) (CI) over the study period was 5.4 (-1.4–12.7), P-value = 0.100, showing a static trend over the study period.ConclusionThis study suggests that previous reports have under-estimated the incidence of PCa in Eritrea. The study provides ample evidence on the need for research targeted at uncovering the true burden of PCa in Eritrea. Potential solutions will require the establishment of high-quality population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and long-term commitment to improvements in research, training, screening, diagnosis, and the overall management of PCa in the country.

From 2017 to 2021, around 42 percent of prostate cancer cases in the United States were among men aged 65 to 74 years. During that period, the median age at diagnosis for prostate cancer was 67 years. This statistic shows the distribution of prostate cancer cases in the United States in the period 2017-2021, by age.

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Testing Market Outlook

The global market size for Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) testing was valued at approximately USD 3.8 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to reach USD 6.4 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% during the forecast period. The growth of the PSA testing market is driven by several factors, including the increasing prevalence of prostate cancer, advancements in testing technologies, and heightened awareness regarding early diagnosis and treatment. Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide, which underscores the necessity for efficient and reliable screening methods such as PSA testing.

The rising prevalence of prostate cancer is one of the primary growth factors contributing to the PSA testing market expansion. The aging global population is a significant driver, as prostate cancer risk increases with age. WHO estimates indicate a steady increase in the average lifespan, leading to a higher proportion of older individuals, which in turn propels the demand for PSA testing. Furthermore, enhanced patient awareness regarding prostate health and the importance of regular screenings have resulted in more men undergoing PSA tests. Early detection through PSA testing leads to timely intervention, significantly improving patient outcomes and survival rates, thus promoting market growth.

Technological advancements in PSA testing are another key growth factor. Innovations such as highly sensitive assays and improved analytical techniques have enhanced the accuracy and reliability of test results. These advancements have not only reduced the incidence of false positives and negatives but also allowed for more personalized and targeted screening strategies. In addition, research on genetic markers and integration with artificial intelligence (AI) is paving the way for next-generation PSA tests, which can provide more comprehensive assessments of prostate cancer risk. The ongoing development of such technologies is expected to further fuel market growth during the forecast period.

The increasing focus on preventive healthcare plays a crucial role in driving the PSA testing market. Governments and healthcare organizations worldwide are emphasizing the importance of early disease detection and prevention to reduce the burden of prostate cancer. Public health campaigns and screening programs have been instrumental in educating men about the risks of prostate cancer and encouraging regular PSA testing. Additionally, healthcare policies that support reimbursement for PSA tests have made screenings more accessible, particularly in developed regions. This supportive healthcare infrastructure has created a conducive environment for the growth of the PSA testing market.

From a regional perspective, North America currently holds the largest share of the PSA testing market, attributed to the well-established healthcare infrastructure, high awareness levels, and the presence of key market players. The region is expected to continue its dominance throughout the forecast period. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the most rapid growth, driven by improving healthcare facilities, increasing awareness, and a growing incidence of prostate cancer. Emerging economies in Asia, such as India and China, offer lucrative opportunities due to their large patient populations and expanding healthcare investments. Europe and Latin America also present growth potential, supported by ongoing health system improvements and increasing screening rates.

Test Type Analysis

The PSA testing market is broadly segmented into Total PSA, Free PSA, and Complexed PSA tests. Total PSA testing holds the largest market share among these segments due to its long-standing application in routine prostate cancer screening and monitoring. Total PSA tests measure the overall level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood, providing a general indication of prostate health. The simplicity and widespread availability of Total PSA tests have contributed to their dominance in the market. However, the segment is evolving with ongoing advancements aimed at improving accuracy and reducing unnecessary biopsies, which can further bolster its market position.

Free PSA testing is gaining traction as a complementary diagnostic tool that enhances the specificity of prostate cancer screening. Free PSA tests measure the proportion of unbound PSA in the blood, differentiating between benign and malignant conditions. This test is particularly beneficial for patients with borderline Total PSA levels,

Legacy unique identifier: P00772

For 2023, it was estimated that there would be 3,200 new prostate cancer cases among those aged 50 to 59 years in Canada. This statistic displays the estimated number of new prostate cancer cases in Canada among males by age group in 2023.

The value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in the detection of prostate cancer is controversial. There are currently insufficient peer reviewed published data or expert consensus to support routine adoption of DCE-MRI for clinical use. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the optimal temporal resolution and measurement length for DCE-MRI to differentiate cancerous from normal prostate tissue of the peripheral zone of the prostate by non-parametric MRI analysis and to compare with a quantitative MRI analysis. Predictors of interest were onset time, relative signal intensity (RSI), wash-in slope, peak enhancement, wash-out and wash-out slope determined from non-parametric characterisation of DCE-MRI intensity-time profiles. The discriminatory power was estimated from C-statistics based on cross validation. We analyzed 54 patients with 97 prostate tissue specimens (47 prostate cancer, 50 normal prostate tissue) of the peripheral zone, mean age 63.8 years, mean prostate-specific antigen 18.9 ng/mL and mean of 10.5 days between MRI and total prostatectomy. When comparing prostate cancer tissue with normal prostate tissue, median RSI was 422% vs 330%, and wash-in slope 0.870 vs 0.539. The peak enhancement of 67 vs 42 was higher with prostate cancer tissue, while wash-out (-30% vs -23%) and wash-out slope (-0.037 vs -0.029) were lower, and the onset time (32 seconds) was comparable. The optimal C-statistics was 0.743 for temporal resolution of 8.0 seconds and measurement length of 2.5 minutes compared with 0.656 derived from a quantitative MRI analysis. This study provides evidence that the use of a non-parametric approach instead of a more established parametric approach resulted in greater precision to differentiate cancerous from normal prostate tissue of the peripheral zone of the prostate.

This record contains raw data related to article 68Ga-PSMA Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography for Primary Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Men with Contraindications to or Negative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Observational Study

PURPOSE:

68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography may represent the most promising imaging modality to identify and risk stratify prostate cancer in patients with contraindications to or negative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this prospective observational study we analyzed 68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in a select group of patients with persistently elevated prostate specific antigen and/or Prostate Health Index suspicious for prostate cancer, negative digital rectal examination and at least 1 negative biopsy. The cohort comprised men with equivocal multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System, version 2 score of 2 or less), or an absolute or relative contraindication to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Sensitivity, specificity and CIs were calculated compared to histopathology findings. ROC analysis was applied to determine the optimal cutoff values of 68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen uptake to identify clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score 7 or greater).

RESULTS:

A total of 45 patients with a median age of 64 years were referred for 68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography between January and August 2017. The 25 patients (55.5%) considered to have positive positron emission tomography results underwent software assisted fusion biopsy. We determined the uptake values of regions of interest, including a median maximum standardized uptake value of 5.34 (range 2.25 to 30.41) and a maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio of 1.99 (range 1.06 to 14.42). Mean and median uptake values on 68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (ie the maximum standardized uptake value or the maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio) were significantly higher for Gleason score 7 lesions than for Gleason score 6 or benign lesions (p <0.001). On ROC analysis a maximum standardized uptake value of 5.4 and a maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio of 2 discriminated clinically relevant prostate cancer with 100% overall sensitivity in each case, and 76% and 88% specificity, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings support the use of 68Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography for primary detection of prostate cancer in a specific subset of men.

In 2021, there were 150 cases of prostate cancer per 100,000 population in the state of Connecticut, making it the state with the highest prostate cancer incidence rate that year. This statistic shows the incidence rate of prostate cancer in the U.S. in 2021, by state.

Background: Prostate-related quality of life can be assessed with a variety of different questionnaires. The 50-item Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) are two widely used options. The goal of this study was, therefore, to develop and validate a model that is able to convert between the EPIC and the IPSS to enable comparisons across different studies. Methods: Three hundred forty-seven consecutive patients who had previously received radiotherapy and surgery for prostate cancer at two institutions in Switzerland and Germany were contacted via mail and instructed to complete both questionnaires. The Swiss cohort was used to train and internally validate different machine learning models using fourfold cross-validation. The German cohort was used for external validation. Results: Converting between the EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive subscale and the IPSS using linear regressions resulted in mean absolute errors (MAEs) ..., , , # Converting between the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) urinary subscales: modeling and external validation

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v6wwpzh4b

The study was conducted in radiation oncology departments at two institutions, the Cantonal Hospital Winterthur in Switzerland and the Ruppiner Kliniken GmbH in Germany.

Three hundred and forty-seven consecutive patients who had received radiation therapy for prostate cancer in the post-operative setting at our institutions between 2010 and 2020 were identified and received the German versions of the EPIC and IPSS questionnaires in August 2020, unless a date of death had been documented in our electronic health records. Patients completed the questionnaires based on their current quality of life and symptom burden.

We received responses from 208 patients. Of these responses, 175 had no missing values for any of the quality of l...

Number and rate of new cancer cases by stage at diagnosis from 2011 to the most recent diagnosis year available. Included are colorectal, lung, breast, cervical and prostate cancer with cases defined using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Groups for Primary Site based on the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3). Random rounding of case counts to the nearest multiple of 5 is used to prevent inappropriate disclosure of health-related information.

Purpose: To analyze the variability, associated actors, and the design of nomograms for individualized testosterone recovery after cessation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Materials and Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out with 208 patients in the period 2003 to 2019. Castrated and normogonadic testosterone levels were defined as 0.5 and 3.5 ng/mL, respectively. The cumulative incidence curve described the recovery of testosterone. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed to predict testosterone recovery with candidate prognostic factors prostate-specific antigen at diagnosis, clinical stage, Gleason score from biopsy, age at cessation of ADT, duration of ADT, primary therapy and use of LHRH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) agonists. Results: The median follow-up duration in the study was 80 months (interquartile range, 49–99 mo). Twenty-five percent and 81% of patients did not recover the castrate and normogonadic levels, respectively. Duration of ADT and age at ADT cessation were significant predictors of testosterone recovery. We built two nomograms for testosterone recovery at 12, 24, 36, and 60 months. The castration recovery model had good calibration. The C-index was 0.677, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 0.736, 0.783, 0.782, and 0.780 at 12, 24, 36, and 60 months, respectively. The normogonadic recovery model overestimated the higher values of probability of recovery. The Cindex was 0.683, with AUC values of 0.812, 0.711, 0.708 and 0.693 at 12, 24, 36, and 60 months, respectively. Conclusions: Depending on the age of the patient and the length of treatment, clinicians may stop ADT and the castrated testosterone level will be maintained or, if the course of treatment has been short, we can estimate if it will return to normogonadic levels.

Objective: The prognosis of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) has improved in recent years, but treatment-related cardiotoxicity remains unclear. This study investigated the heart-specific mortality and prognostic factors of patients with PCa after radiotherapy (RT) or radical prostatectomy (RP), and compared their long-term heart-specific mortality with that of the general male population.Materials and Methods: Data were taken from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database. Patients with PCa were included who underwent RT or RP from 2000 to 2012, and were followed through 2015. A cumulative mortality curve and a competitive risk regression model were applied to assess the prognostic factors of heart-specific mortality. Standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were calculated.Results: Of 389,962 men, 49.7% and 50.3% received RP and RT, respectively. The median follow-up was 8.3 years. For patients given RT, in about 9 years postdiagnosis, the cumulative mortality due to heart-specific disease exceeded that due to PCa. In patients who underwent RP, cumulative mortality from heart-specific disease or PCa was comparable. Relative to the general male population, overall, the heart-specific mortality of patients with PCa receiving RT or RP was not higher, but in patients aged 70 to 79 years, those given RT experienced slightly higher heart-specific mortality than the age-matched general population.Conclusions: Patients with PCa treated with RT or RP overall do not incur risk of heart-specific mortality higher than that of the general male population, except for patients aged 70–74 years receiving RT.

In 2018, Sweden reported 211.6 new prostate cancer cases per 100,000 population, the highest incidence in Europe. This was followed by an incidence rate of 208.8 cases per 100,000 in Ireland. While in Estonia, 203.8 prostate cancer cases per 100,000 inhabitants were diagnosed in that year.

Alterations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been associated with the risk of a number of human cancers; however, the relationship between mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) has not been investigated. In a case-control study of 196 PCa patients and 196 age-paired healthy controls in a Chinese Han population, the association between mtDNA copy number in PBLs and PCa risk was evaluated. The relative mtDNA copy number was measured using quantitative real-time PCR; samples from three cases and two controls could not be assayed, leaving 193 cases and 194 controls for analysis. PCa patients had significantly higher mtDNA copy numbers than controls (medians 0.91 and 0.82, respectively; P<0.001). Dichotomized at the median value of mtDNA copy number in the controls, high mtDNA copy number was significantly associated with an increased risk of PCa (adjusted odds ratio = 1.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.21–2.83). A significant dose-response relationship was observed between mtDNA copy number and risk of PCa in quartile analysis (Ptrend = 0.011). Clinicopathological analysis showed that high mtDNA copy numbers in PCa patients were significantly associated with high Gleason score and advanced tumor stage, but not serum prostate-specific antigen level (P = 0.002, 0.012 and 0.544, respectively). These findings of the present study indicate that increased mtDNA copy number in PBLs is significantly associated with an increased risk of PCa and may be a reflection of tumor burden.