In the decades between 1930 and 2020, the size of the average living room in newly built houses in Britain has risen from 16 square meters in the 1930s, to 24.9 square meters in the 1970s, before falling to 17.1 square meters in recent years. The reason for the increase in living room size (and house sizes in general) between 1950 and 1980, was due to Britain's economic recovery after the Second World War. However, decreasing family sizes caused the demand for larger houses to drop from the 1980s onwards, and today, newly built living rooms are closer in size to their pre-war levels than their size in the previous decade.

Between 1930 and 2020, the average size of master bedrooms in newly-built houses in Britain has remained relatively consistent throughout the decades. In the 1930s, the average master bedroom was approximately 15.3 square meters, before dropping to 13.7 square meters during the Second World War and the immediate recovery period. By the 1960s, it had risen again above 15 square meters, before gradually dropping over the next five decades to 13.4 square meters in the 2010s. The total fluctuation is just 1.9 meters, which is significantly lower than the that of living room sizes during this time.

The average number of years individuals spent in their current home in England between 2010 and 2024 varied by tenure. Outright homeowners, on average, stay in the same home far longer than any other tenure type. Private renters, spend on average *** years in their current residence in 2024, up from *** years on average in 2011. In 2024, there were around four million of such private rented households in England.

Update 29-04-2020: The data is now split into two files based on the variable collection frequency (monthly and yearly). Additional variables added: area size in hectares, number of jobs in the area, number of people living in the area.

Context

I have been inspired by Xavier and his work on Barcelona to explore the city of London! 🇬🇧 💂

Content

The datasets is primarily centered around the housing market of London. However, it contains a lot of additional relevant data: - Monthly average house prices - Yearly number of houses - Yearly number of houses sold - Yearly percentage of households that recycle - Yearly life satisfaction - Yearly median salary of the residents of the area - Yearly mean salary of the residents of the area - Monthly number of crimes committed - Yearly number of jobs - Yearly number of people living in the area - Area size in hectares

The data is split by areas of London called boroughs (a flag exists to identify these), but some of the variables have other geographical UK regions for reference (like England, North East, etc.). There have been no changes made to the data except for melting it into a long format from the original tables.

Acknowledgements

The data has been extracted from London Datastore. It is released under UK Open Government License v2 and v3. The underlining datasets can be found here: https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/uk-house-price-index https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/number-and-density-of-dwellings-by-borough https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/subjective-personal-well-being-borough https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/household-waste-recycling-rates-borough https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/earnings-place-residence-borough https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/recorded_crime_summary https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/jobs-and-job-density-borough https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/ons-mid-year-population-estimates-custom-age-tables

Cover photo by Frans Ruiter from Unsplash

Inspiration

The dataset lends itself for extensive exploratory data analysis. It could also be a great supervised learning regression problem to predict house price changes of different boroughs over time.

Detailed breakdown of average weekly household expenditure on goods and services in the UK. Data are shown by place of purchase, income group (deciles) and age of household reference person.

Between 2019 and 2023, people living in households in the Asian and ‘Other’ ethnic groups were most likely to be in persistent low income before and after housing costs

National and subnational mid-year population estimates for the UK and its constituent countries by administrative area, age and sex (including components of population change, median age and population density).

Data are shown by region, age, income (including equivalised) group (deciles and quintiles), economic status, socio-economic class, housing tenure, output area classification, urban and rural areas (Great Britain only), place of purchase and household composition.

The UK has an ageing population. For the Residential Nursing Care industry, this is an opportunity for growth, with demand for more beds expanding. Homes have upped their average weekly fees, contributing to revenue growth. Soaring inflation over the two years through 2023-24 has further raised nursing home fees. However, state involvement has limited growth, which has kept care fees artificially low for many nursing home residents. Residential nursing care revenue is anticipated to climb at a compound annual rate of 2.9% over the five years through 2025-26 to £10.3 billion, including a forecast hike of 1.2% in 2025-26. Weak government funding and wage cost pressures caused by the rising National Living Wage (which climbed to £12.21 in April 2025) have constrained profitability. Labour supply shortages caused by high turnover rates have been of particular concern. According to Skills For Care, the job vacancy rate in 2023-24 in the adult care sector was 8.3%, far above the average rate in the UK economy. That being said, the vacancy rate is declining, mainly thanks to a government-driven recruitment drive to attract overseas workers, which has been helped by reducing visa requirements. Climbing real household disposable income has supported more self-funded residents, aiding residential nursing care. However, data from the Office for National Statistics reveals the percentage of self-funded residents fell from 36.7% in 2019-20 to 34.9% over the year through February 2022. Families were struggling with the rising cost of living, reducing the number of people able to afford private care home costs, which constrained revenue growth. In the year through February 2023, the number of self-funded residents at nursing care homes climbed to 37% of the 372,035 residents. In the two years through 2025-26, interest rates have fallen, stimulating spending on discretionary services like residential nursing homes. Real disposable income is inching up in line with wage costs, which is raising demand for self-funded residents and lifting care homes’ revenue. Over the five years through 2030-31, residential nursing care revenue is estimated to expand at a compound annual rate of 2.3% to £11.5 billion. Robust demand from an ageing population will support industry growth. However, plans for adult social care reforms are to be released in two stages (the first in 2026 and the second in 2028), which has caused greater uncertainty for the sector's future. Staff shortage concerns will continue to plague nursing care.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify households in England and Wales by household size and by number of rooms. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

It is inappropriate to measure change in number of rooms from 2011 to 2021, as Census 2021 used Valuation Office Agency data for this variable. Instead use Census 2021 estimates for number of bedrooms for comparisons over time. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Number of rooms (Valuation Office Agency)

A room can be any room in a dwelling apart from bathrooms, toilets, halls or landings, kitchens, conservatories or utility rooms. All other rooms, for example, living rooms, studies, bedrooms, separate dining rooms and rooms that can only be used for storage are included. If two rooms have been converted into one, they are counted as one room.

The number of rooms is recorded by address, this means that for households living in a shared dwelling the number of rooms are counted for the whole dwelling and not the individual household.

This definition is based on the Valuation Office Agency’s (VOA) definition.

Household size

The number of people in the household.

Visitors staying at an address do not count to that household’s size.

Average weekly household expenditure on goods and services in the UK. Data are shown by region, age, income (including equivalised) group (deciles and quintiles), economic status, socio-economic class, housing tenure, output area classification, urban and rural areas (Great Britain only), place of purchase and household composition.

House prices vary widely in the United Kingdom (UK), but housing in certain cities and counties is substantially pricier than in others. Surrey, for example, concentrated four of the most expensive towns to buy a home, including Virginia Water, Cobham, and Esher. With an average house price of over *********** British pounds as of June 2024, housing in these towns cost roughly **** times the national average. How did house prices change since the COVID-19 pandemic? Since the start of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, demand for housing has been especially high, causing house prices to soar. Among major UK cities, the house price increase was most prominent in Belfast, where it rose by *** percent in 2024. According to the UK House Price Index, the average annual house price increase on a national level was even higher. How long does it take to sell a house? With the demand for housing going strong and inventory running low, aspiring homeowners need to act faster than ever when making an offer on a home. The average number of days on market has continued shortening since the start of 2021 and was a little over a month as of October 2021. Surprisingly, selling a property took the longest in the UK’s most competitive market - London.

This spreadsheet contains: the total number of net additional dwellings from all sources, Total number of dwellings, and Average dwelling size (persons per dwelling) Net additional dwellings includes conversions, change of use, and other reasons, minus demolitions and all dwellings estimates. The net additional data is by borough since 2004/05 and total dwellings estimate is since 2001. More information can be found on the CLG website. Data is from Tables 122 and 125. A figure of persons per dwelling has also been included using population estimates. This release takes annual figures on net housing supply in England from two data sources: 1) information submitted to Communities and Local Government (CLG) by local authorities in all regions except London through the Housing Flows Reconciliation (HFR) form; and 2) information collected by the Greater London Authority (GLA) for London Boroughs. From 2000-01 to 2003-04, all local authorities submitted data to Communities and Local Government through the HFR form. Between 2004-05 and 2008-09, Communities and Local Government worked jointly with Regional Planning Bodies in some regions on joint returns to ensure consistency between the net housing supply figures reported at various geographical levels. In 2010 the abolition of Regional Planning Bodies prompted a return to submission through the HFR for all local authorities outside London. Because of the unique status of the GLA, London Boroughs continue to supply their data through the GLA. Users should note that the London figures are provisional at this stage and may be subject to change before they are reported in the GLA’s Annual Monitoring Report in February 2011. Local authorities have until early September, five months after the end of the financial year, to complete the HFR form. This change to the data collection process has enabled Communities and Local Government (DCLG) to publish the net supply of housing statistical release for 2009-10 four months earlier than in previous years. DCLG also publish house building statistics by local authority (Table 253), but the GLA prefer to use Net Additional Dwellings because they are more complete in terms of borough coverage, and comprehensive, as they cover more than just new build. Dwellings estimate is at 31 March Figures from 2001 and 2011 are census figures. All figures from 2002 to 2011 have been revised following the release of the dwelling count from the 2011 census. Data from 2003, 2003 and 2004 contains a number of imputed and adjusted values and should not be considered as robust as subsequent years. Average dwelling size (persons per dwelling) using population estimate (ONS) divided by number of dwellings. Population data is from ONS mid year estimates and projections. External links: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/live-tables-on-net-supply-of-housing https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/live-tables-on-dwelling-stock-including-vacants

Snapshot img

Europe Ready To Assemble (RTA) Furniture Market Size 2025-2029

The Europe ready to assemble (RTA) furniture market size is forecast to increase by USD 2.57 billion at a CAGR of 2.1% between 2024 and 2029.

The European Ready To Assemble (RTA) Furniture Market is experiencing significant shifts, driven by the reduction in average urban living space and the robust growth of online sales. With space at a premium in European cities, RTA furniture's modular design and ease of assembly have made it an attractive option for consumers. This trend is further amplified by the convenience of purchasing online furniture, allowing consumers to save time and space in their homes. However, the market faces challenges, including a shortage of high-quality raw materials related to RTA furniture production. This scarcity can lead to increased production costs and potential supply chain disruptions.
Companies in the RTA furniture industry must navigate these challenges by implementing efficient sourcing strategies and exploring alternative materials to maintain competitiveness and meet consumer demand. By capitalizing on the market's growth drivers and addressing the challenges, RTA furniture manufacturers can effectively cater to the evolving needs of European consumers and thrive in this dynamic market.

What will be the size of the Europe Ready To Assemble (RTA) Furniture Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
Request Free Sample

The European RTA furniture market exhibits dynamic trends, with industrial design playing a pivotal role in shaping contemporary furniture styles. Circular economy principles are increasingly influencing the industry, as consumers demand more sustainable solutions. Assembly difficulty varies among furniture types, with some opting for simpler designs and others prioritizing durability and weight. Fabric types, furniture upholstery, and furniture colors are key considerations for buyers, reflecting personal preferences and design aesthetics. Furniture trends lean towards sustainability, with a focus on furniture upcycling, recycling, and lifecycle management. Space optimization, functionality, and multifunctional furniture are essential aspects of modern design, with furniture dimensions tailored to urban living.
Furniture materials, including wood products, metal, plastic, and leather, offer diverse aesthetics and functionalities. Mid-century modern, rustic, and Scandinavian designs remain popular, while glass furniture adds a touch of elegance and minimalism. Furniture finishes, from matte to high-gloss, cater to various tastes and preferences. Assembly time and furniture trends continue to evolve, with an emphasis on space-saving, easy-to-assemble designs. Furniture sustainability and furniture storage solutions are also gaining traction, as consumers seek eco-friendly and efficient options.

How is this market segmented?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Home RTA furniture
  Office RTA furniture


Distribution Channel

  Offline
  Online


Price Range

  Economy
  Mid-range
  Premium


Geography

  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Sweden
    UK

By Product Insights

The home RTA furniture segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The European RTA furniture market encompasses various segments, including living room, bedroom, kitchen, dining room, kids room, and garden furniture. Living room furniture, which consists of sofa sets, tables, chairs, entertainment units, decorative side tables, and shelves, is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing preference for luxury RTA options. Bedroom furniture, comprising beds, sofa sets, dressing tables, wardrobes, and study tables, is witnessing innovation and design trends that are driving its expansion. DIY furniture, smart furniture, and modular furniture are also gaining popularity, necessitating efficient supply chain management for furniture wholesalers. Furniture certifications ensure safety and durability, while furniture maintenance, cleaning, and repair services cater to the needs of customers.

Assembly tools and instructions facilitate the self-assembly process, and hardware kits are essential components of RTA furniture production. Furniture design, pricing, and technology are key factors influencing market trends. Sustainable furniture, recycling, and upcycling are increasingly important considerations for consumers. E-commerce platforms and online retail have transformed the industry, offering a wide range of options for furniture customization and personalization. Furni

Annual UK and constituent country figures for births, deaths, marriages, divorces, civil partnerships and civil partnership dissolutions.