Electricity consumption in India has grown steadily over the past decades and amounted to ***** terawatt-hours in 2023. The industrial sector accounted for the largest electricity consumption in the country, followed by households.

In the financial year 2023, electricity consumption per capita amounted to around **** megawatt-hours in India. Electricity access, ownership of appliances, and economic growth are some of the leading drivers for increasing electricity consumption in this south Asian country.

India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data was reported at 645,000.000 GWh in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 593,895.000 GWh for 2023. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 104,809.500 GWh from Mar 1971 (Median) to 2024, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 645,000.000 GWh in 2024 and a record low of 29,579.000 GWh in 1971. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

The household electricity consumption per capita in India amounted to ***** kilowatt hours in 2016. Of the total power consumption in fiscal year 2018, industrial sector accounted for the largest share, at about ** percent, followed by domestic and agricultural sectors at ** and ** percent respectively. The transmission losses in electricity across the south Asian country stood at a little over ** percent that year.

India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Agriculture data was reported at 255,000.000 GWh in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 243,852.000 GWh for 2023. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Agriculture data is updated yearly, averaging 84,252.500 GWh from Mar 1971 (Median) to 2024, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 255,000.000 GWh in 2024 and a record low of 4,470.000 GWh in 1971. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Agriculture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

Iceland is by far the largest per capita consumer of electricity worldwide, averaging 51.9 megawatt-hours per person in 2024. This results from a combination of factors, such as low-cost electricity production, increased heating demand, and the presence of energy-intensive industries in the country. Norway, Qatar, and Canada were also some of the world's largest electricity consumers per capita that year. China is the leading overall power consumer Power-intensive industries, the purchasing power of the average citizen, household size, and general power efficiency standards all contribute to the amount of electricity that is consumed per person every year. However, in terms of total electricity consumption, a country's size and population can also play an important role. In 2024, the three most populous countries in the world, namely China, the United States, and India, were also the three largest electricity consumers. Global electricity consumption on the rise In 2023, net electricity consumption worldwide amounted to over 27,000 terawatt-hours, an increase of 30 percent in comparison to a decade earlier. When compared to 1980, global electricity consumption more than tripled. On the generation side, the world is still strongly dependent on fossil fuels. Despite the world's renewable energy capacity quintupling in the last decade, coal and gas combined still accounted for almost 60 percent of global electricity generation in 2023.

The industry sector accounted for the highest share of energy consumption across India in fiscal year 2024, at ** percent. The domestic sector followed, ranking second at ** percent. By comparison, traction and railways accounted for * percent of the total electricity consumption in India. Electricity penetration in India Despite the growth in electricity consumption in the country since the beginning of the century, around *** percent of Indian households had no access to electricity in 2020. Many people use traditional fuels such as wood or agricultural residues for cooking and heating purposes. In 2022, less than ** percent of the schools in India had access to electricity. The power sector in India India's rapidly growing economy is one of the nation's leading drivers of electricity demand. Accordingly, India ranks amongst the leading electricity-producing countries worldwide, just below China and the United States. In 2023, about ** percent of India's energy was sourced from renewable sources.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Assam data was reported at 10,004.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,521.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Assam data is updated yearly, averaging 3,027.300 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,004.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 1,752.930 GWh in 1999. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Assam data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

India Electricity Consumption: NU: Mining & Quarrying data was reported at 960.900 GWh in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 972.090 GWh for 2016. India Electricity Consumption: NU: Mining & Quarrying data is updated yearly, averaging 854.130 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2017, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,998.270 GWh in 2012 and a record low of 147.620 GWh in 1996. India Electricity Consumption: NU: Mining & Quarrying data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBC015: Electricity: Gross Generation: Non Utilities: by Industry .

India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Traction and Railways data was reported at 33,000.000 GWh in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 30,028.000 GWh for 2023. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Traction and Railways data is updated yearly, averaging 6,739.000 GWh from Mar 1971 (Median) to 2024, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33,000.000 GWh in 2024 and a record low of 1,364.000 GWh in 1971. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Traction and Railways data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

China consumes by far the most electricity of any country in the world, with almost 9,000 terawatt-hours equivalent consumed in 2024. The United States ranked as the second-leading electricity consumer that year, with over 4,000 terawatt-hours consumed. India followed, but by a wide margin. Production and consumption disparities China not only leads countries in electricity consumption worldwide, it also dominates production, generating over 10 petawatt-hours annually. The United States follows with 4.6 petawatt-hours, significantly more than its consumption of 4,065 terawatt-hours. This disparity underscores the complex relationship between production and consumption, influenced by factors such as energy efficiency, export capabilities, and domestic demand. The global expansion of electricity networks, particularly in Central and Southern Asia, is driving increased production to meet growing access and demand. Shifting energy landscapes The United States, as the second-largest consumer, is experiencing a significant shift in its energy mix. Coal-based electricity has declined by nearly 65 percent since 2010, giving way to natural gas and renewable sources. This transition is evident in recent capacity additions, with renewable energy sources accounting for almost 90 percent of new electricity capacity in 2025. The surge in renewable generation, particularly wind power, is reshaping the U.S. energy landscape and influencing consumption patterns. As renewable energy consumption is projected to more than double by 2050, the electricity market is adapting to these changing dynamics.

In 2022, China accounted for the largest energy consumption in the world, followed by the United States and India. Projections indicate that the country will maintain its position as the world's largest consumer in the upcoming decades. India's energy consumption was predicted to nearly triple by 2050, making it the second-largest energy consumer by that year, while the U.S.' energy demand will only slightly increase during the period under consideration. Largest energy consumers worldwide In 2022, China's energy consumption represented over a quarter of the global primary energy consumption, compared to 15 percent consumed in the United States. However, the per capita primary energy consumption distribution painted a different picture. While both the U.S. and China’s per capita energy consumption were above the global average in 2024, the North American country’s per person consumption was double that of China. That year, the per person energy consumption in India was over 60 percent less than the global average of 21.5 kilowatt-hours per person. Sources of energy consumption Fossil fuels dominate the global energy mix, accounting for nearly 70 percent of primary energy demand in 2022. China, the United States, and India relied on these sources for over 80 percent of their primary energy consumption in 2024. According to a recent forecast, renewable energy sources are projected to play an increasingly significant role in the upcoming decades, with primary energy consumption from green sources forecast to grow from 70 to 170 exajoules between 2022 and 2050. However, the central contribution of fossil fuels to the global energy supply is expected to remain unwavering.

In financial year 2022, the domestic sector in India consumed approximately ******* gigawatt hours of electricity, the highest amount since financial year 2012. Furthermore, the electricity consumption of the Indian domestic sector during 2022 was the second largest, compared to other industries.

During the financial year 2023, the average cost of state electricity supplied in India was 7.11 Indian rupees per kilowatt-hour. Furthermore, that same year, the South Asian country was the third largest electricity producer in the world. Short-term transactions on the rise The electricity market in India has seen significant growth in short-term transactions and power exchange activity. During the fiscal year 2023, the volume of short-term electricity transactions exceeded 194 terawatt-hours, which marked a four percent increase from the previous year. During the same time, electricity transacted through power exchanges was approximately 103 terawatt-hours, the highest number ever recorded. These trends indicate a more dynamic and flexible electricity market across the country. Shift towards renewable energy In the fiscal year 2023, over 8.25 million Renewable Energy Certificates were traded on power exchanges, highlighting the country's commitment to sustainable energy sources. Moreover, India transitioned from being a net importer of electricity to a net exporter of electricity in 2023, exporting around 11 terawatt-hours. The shift shows the success of policies aimed at enhancing India's energy self-reliance and its potential as a regional power supplier. 

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Delhi data was reported at 34,107.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 27,625.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Delhi data is updated yearly, averaging 18,380.635 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34,107.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 6,580.990 GWh in 1996. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Delhi data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

Qatar has the highest per capita energy consumption worldwide. In 2023, residents in Qatar used an average of *** megawatt-hours worth of energy - all of which was derived from fossil fuels. Sources of primary energy In 2023, oil and coal were the main fuels used for primary energy worldwide. Except for the Nordic countries and Canada, all other countries listed among the leading 10 consumers sourced energy almost exclusively from fossil fuels. Many of them are also responsible for large oil production shares or the refining thereof. Differences in energy consumption There is a notable disparity between the highest and lowest energy users. Resource-rich countries outside the temperate climate zone tend to use more energy to heat or cool homes and are also more likely to use greater amounts of energy as costs are much lower. For example, electricity prices in oil and gas-producing countries such as Qatar and Saudi Arabia are only a fraction of those of resource-poor countries in Europe. Furthermore, energy consumption disparity is a strong indicator of the different income levels around the world and largely tied to economic prosperity.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Punjab data was reported at 58,532.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 53,489.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Punjab data is updated yearly, averaging 30,589.175 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 58,532.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 16,129.940 GWh in 1996. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Punjab data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Chandigarh data was reported at 1,646.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,409.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Chandigarh data is updated yearly, averaging 1,197.380 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,646.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 557.940 GWh in 1996. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Chandigarh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

Annual electricity production across India increased by *** percent in fiscal year 2023. A provisional figure for the fiscal year 2024 indicated a production growth rate of almost ***** percent, a decrease in India's electricity in comparison to the previous year.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Kerala data was reported at 24,906.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 23,931.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Kerala data is updated yearly, averaging 13,078.020 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24,906.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 6,985.510 GWh in 1997. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Kerala data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.