In France, in 2020 the average annual wage income after social contributions for men was around 24,000 euros while for women it was around 19,000 euros. By comparison, 20 years ago, in 2000, the average wage income for men was 23,160 euros while women received around 16,630 euros.

In 2023, the mean income of women with a doctorate degree in the United States stood at 139,100 U.S. dollars. For men with the same degree, mean earnings stood at 175,500 U.S. dollars. On average in 2023, American men earned 91,590 U.S. dollars, while American women earned 65,987 U.S. dollars.

In 2024, the average annual full-time salary for men in the United Kingdom was 40,035 British pounds, compared with 34,000 pounds for women, a difference of just over 6,000 pounds. In the previous year, men earned an average annual salary of 37,382, compared with women who earned 31,672.

This statistic displays the average annual gross salary of workers with compulsory education in Italy in 2020, broken down by gender. According to data provided by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of women who attended compulsory school was of 23.4 thousand euro, which was roughly three thousand euros less than the average annual gross salary of Italian men with the same education level.

In 2020, the average annual gross salary of employees working in the engineering industry in Italy was considerably higher for men. According to data provided by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of men working in the engineering industry was of 40.1 thousand euros, which was 6.5 thousand euros more than the average annual gross salary of Italian women working in the same sector.

Data on the average United Kingdom (UK) civil service salary as on August 26,2020, by responsibility level and gender shows that as of this date, men earned, on average, more than women at almost all levels of the civil service.

According to an annual survey about Chinese women's workplace, the average monthly income of the female respondents in 2025 amounted to 8,978 yuan, about 15 percent lower than the monthly salary of the male respondents. In the previous year, the average monthly income of female respondents was 8,958 yuan.

In Italy, the average annual gross salary of employees working in the IT industry amounted to about 35 thousand euros as of 2020. According to data provided by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of men working in the IT industry was 37.5 thousand euros, while women working in the same sector earned on average five thousand euros less.

The average salary for male employees in urban area was the highest during the months of April to June 2020 at about 21 thousand Indian rupees. The average salary drawn by female workers was the highest in the months of April to June 2020, however, lesser compared to their male counterparts. Unsurprisingly, the urban earnings in terms of wages and salaries are always higher than rural employees. Urban versus rural employment The gender gap in salaries was more prominent in rural areas, where, the male workers earned nearly an average of 1.5 times more. However, urban employees just earn a few thousands more than their rural counterpart, while, the cost of living in cities is twice as expensive as villages. Moreover, a majority of the Indian households belonged to the middle-income bracket and this is expected to increase in the future. Wage disparity Wage inequalities are present in almost every sector and widens with higher skill levels. With the evident gender disparity in the country, women with lower educational qualifications, such as a high school diplomas continue working despite the pay gap. This is among women who primarily come from the lower economic sector. Moreover, the social mobility index for fair wage distribution was 17.8 as of 2020, indicating a need for improvement.

The average monthly wage for a public worker in Saudi Arabia in the first half of 2020 was about 11.4 thousand Saudi riyals. In comparison, the average monthly wage for a worker in the private establishment sector was 5.3 thousand Saudi riyals in that year.

Gender and income  

The labor force participation gender gap in Saudi Arabia was 74 percent, among the highest in the Middle East and North Africa. This gap is especially visible considering that female labor force participation rate amongst nationals in Saudi Arabia, which was only 18.3 percent. The gender gap of the Saudi Arabian labor markets is also reflected in the difference in average monthly earnings of men and women. In all sectors apart from technical professions and the humanitarian fields as well as sales, men tend to earn more than women.

 Nationality and income   

The oil boom allowed Saudi Arabia to adapt the fiscal policy of a rentier state, which was heavily reliant on foreign skilled and unskilled workers. This allowed the Saudi Arabian government to offer on one hand foreign workers attractive salaries and work benefits and on the other hand its nationals decent social and welfare programs which leveled the low employment rate amongst Saudi citizens. The volatility of the energy market in the last two decades and inclining oil resources however forced the Saudi government to rethink its economic structure. The Saudi Arabian government introduced social and economic reforms as part of the Agenda 2030 to prepare and strengthen their country for a future with a diversified economy, not reliant on oil revenue and subsequently self-sufficient citizens not reliant on government handouts. Amongst the leading social reforms is the ‘Saudization’ of the workforce. Which forces specially the private sector to increase the employment of Saudi Nationals.

During the past two years, male beauticians and related workers in Norway earned a higher monthly salary on average than females with the same professions. While women earned a monthly average of 39,420 Norwegian kroner in the third quarter of 2024, men earned 41,660 Norwegian kroner in the same quarter.

This statistic depicts the average monthly wage in Saudi Arabia in the first half of 2020, broken down by sector and gender. The average monthly wage for a female worker in the public sector in Saudi Arabia in the first half of 2020 was about 10,908 Saudi riyals compared to almost 11,490 Saudi riyal for a male employed in the same sector.

The average monthly wage of female workers in Qatar in the first quarter of 2020 was approximately 10.6 thousand Qatari riyal, compared to approximately 9.23 thousand Qatari riyal in the first quarter of 2016.

Over the past three years, male hairdressers in Norway earned a higher monthly salary on average than their female counterparts. In the third quarter of 2024, men earned 40,400 Norwegian kroner and the average salary for women amounted to about 39,240 kroner.

In the United States, the median earnings of female workers in 1990 amounted to 26,110 U.S. dollars. In 2023, the earnings of the average female worker had increased to approximately 42,110 U.S. dollars. These earnings are adjusted to 2023 CPI-U-RS dollars.

During the past two years, the pay gap between male and female travel guides in Norway fluctuated. During the time under consideration, men generally earned a higher average monthly salary than women, except for the first quarter of 2019 when women earned slightly more than men. In the first quarter of 2020, men earned 35,020 Norwegian kroner on average, while the average salary for women amounted to 34,600 kroner.

This statistic illustrates the average annual gross salary of employees working in the transport and logistics industry in Italy in 2020, by gender. According to data provided by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of women working in the transport and logistics industry amounted to over 31 thousand euros, which was slightly higher than the average wage of men.

In 2020, the average annual gross salary of employees working in the fashion and luxury industry in Italy was higher for men. According to data provided by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of men working in the fashion and luxury industry was of 29 thousand euros, which was roughly 2.3 thousand euros more than the average annual gross salary of Italian women working in the same sector.

In the region of Bretagne, located in northwestern France, the average hourly wage for men was 15.5 euros, while that of women was 13.2, over two euros less. This gap was even greater among executives: female executives earned an average of 21.8 euros per hour in 2020, while their male counterparts earned over four euros more. The socio-professional category in which the difference was least pronounced was that of employees.

In Itay, the average annual gross salary of employees working in the banking and financial services industry amounted to about 43 thousand euros. According to data provide by JobPricing, the average annual gross salary of men working in the banking and financial services industry was 47.9 thousand euros, while women earned on average 39.2 thousand euros. This resulted in a gender pay gap of about 22 percent in favor of men.