In 2022, Salt Lake City, Utah, had the least affordable housing among the top ten metros with the highest share of Gen Z home buyers in the United States. The average requested mortgage loan amount by Gen Zers was 340,000 U.S. dollars. Between 18 and 23 percent of mortgage applications in the metros included in this statistic came from Gen Z home buyers. While house prices do in fact influence Gen Zers' choice, Salt Lake City, UT, had both the largest share of Gen Z mortgage requests and the highest loan amount.

As of March 2025, ICICI Bank provided the lowest interest rates for its home loans in India, with an average of 8.75 percent. Bank of Maharashtra accounted for the highest interest rate with an average of 9.75 percent.

30 Year Mortgage Rate in the United States decreased to 6.77 percent in June 26 from 6.81 percent in the previous week. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States 30 Year Mortgage Rate.

As of November 2024, the average owner-occupier home loan interest rate was the highest in the Australian state of Western Australia, with an average rate of around 6.36 percent. In comparison, the average mortgage interest rate in Victoria was at around 6.26 percent.

Graph and download economic data for 15-Year Fixed Rate Mortgage Average in the United States (MORTGAGE15US) from 1991-08-30 to 2025-06-26 about 15-year, fixed, mortgage, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Mortgage interest rates in Europe soared in 2022 and remained elevated in the following two years. In many countries, this resulted in interest rates more than doubling. In the UK, the average mortgage interest rate rose from **** percent in 2020 to **** percent in 2023, before falling to **** in 2024. Why did mortgage interest rates increase? Mortgage rates have risen as a result of the European Central Bank (ECB) interest rate increase. The ECB increased its interest rates to tackle inflation. As inflation calms, the ECB is expected to cut rates, which allows mortgage lenders to reduce mortgage interest rates. What is the impact of interest rates on home buying? Lower interest rates make taking out a housing loan more affordable, and thus, encourage homebuying. That can be seen in many countries across Europe: In France, the number of residential properties sold rose in the years leading up to 2021, and fell as interest rates increased. The number of houses sold in the UK followed a similar trend.

Mortgage interest rates worldwide varied greatly in 2024, from less than **** percent in many European countries, to as high as ** percent in Turkey. The average mortgage rate in a country depends on the central bank's base lending rate and macroeconomic indicators such as inflation and forecast economic growth. Since 2022, inflationary pressures have led to rapid increase in mortgage interest rates. Which are the leading mortgage markets? An easy way to estimate the importance of the mortgage sector in each country is by comparing household debt depth, or the ratio of the debt held by households compared to the county's GDP. In 2023, Switzerland, Australia, and Canada had some of the highest household debt to GDP ratios worldwide. While this indicator shows the size of the sector relative to the country’s economy, the value of mortgages outstanding allows to compare the market size in different countries. In Europe, for instance, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France were the largest mortgage markets by outstanding mortgage lending. Mortgage lending trends in the U.S. In the United States, new mortgage lending soared in 2021. This was largely due to the growth of new refinance loans that allow homeowners to renegotiate their mortgage terms and replace their existing loan with a more favorable one. Following the rise in interest rates, the mortgage market cooled, and refinance loans declined.

Graph and download economic data for 5/1-Year Adjustable Rate Mortgage Average in the United States (DISCONTINUED) (MORTGAGE5US) from 2005-01-06 to 2022-11-10 about adjusted, mortgage, interest rate, interest, 5-year, rate, and USA.

The average value of a mortgage loan granted in Russia was close to 49,000 euros in 2022, having increased by roughly 30 percent from the previous year. Over the observed period, the lowest average value of a mortgage granted was seen in 2016 when the average mortgage loan granted amounted to approximately 23,200 euros.

Graph and download economic data for 30-Year Fixed Rate Veterans Affairs Mortgage Index (OBMMIVA30YF) from 2017-01-03 to 2025-06-26 about veterans, 30-year, fixed, mortgage, rate, indexes, and USA.

The average mortgage interest rate in Spain followed a downward trend for almost a decade before increasing dramatically in 2022. In 2023, new housing loans had an average interest rate of 3.74 percent - about three times the interest rate in 2020. Mortgages with a five to 10-year term were the only product which saw rates decline between 2022 and 2023. Why did mortgage rates spike? Macroeconomic factors, such as inflation, economic growth, and fiscal policy, play a major role in determining the cost of a loan. Inflation in Europe started rising in late 2021, largely due to surging energy costs. In Spain, the annual change of the consumer price index peaked at almost 11 percent in July 2023. The European Central Bank has responded by introducing a series of hikes on the key interest rates (main refinancing operations, marginal lending facility, and deposit facility), which have affected lending rates across the European Union. How has the housing market reacted to the interest rate hike? The housing market follows a certain seasonality, with more home sales in the second and fourth quarters of the year. This was also the case in 2022, but the last quarter of the year saw an annual decline. Though compared to previous years, the number of transactions was one of the highest, the annual decrease shows a potential downturn.

As of the end of March 2025, the average mortgage interest rate for Australian owner-occupier borrowers was around *** percent. In comparison, the average investor interest rate was approximately *** percent. These rates refer to outstanding housing loans from banks and registered financial corporations. New loans financed in that month had even similar interest rates, at *** percent for owner-occupiers and *** percent for investors, respectively.

The period from March to August 2020 saw noticeably weaker demand for home loans in Poland. This state results from the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Poland in March 2020. Whereas, January 2025 saw a dynamic increase in mortgage demand, with a demand growth of ** percent year-on-year. The highest decline in the demand for housing loans was recorded in August 2022 due to the high inflation. One of the main reasons for the decline in demand was also tightening and rising interest rates that reduced the creditworthiness of potential borrowers. Loan market in Poland In 2023, the net value of loans to households in Poland was *** billion zloty, representing a decrease of * percent over the previous year. In this period, in terms of credit type, the highest value was achieved by real estate loans granted to households. Their value amounted to over *** billion zloty, followed by consumer loans with a total value of nearly *** billion zloty. Mortgage loans in Poland In 2023, there has been a continuing trend of decreasing the popularity of housing loans up to 100,000 zloty. A growing number of Poles have taken out loans of the value of over ******* zloty. And the average value of a mortgage loan in 2023 increased by ** percent compared to the previous year and amounted to nearly ******* zloty. In this period, Poland’s number of active mortgage loans also decreased, reaching nearly *** million.

Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: CF: Ryazan Region data was reported at 8.510 % pa in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.930 % pa for Sep 2024. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: CF: Ryazan Region data is updated quarterly, averaging 12.325 % pa from Sep 2006 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 74 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.200 % pa in Jun 2009 and a record low of 5.560 % pa in Dec 2022. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: CF: Ryazan Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Russia. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table RU.MB010: Lending Rate: RUB Housing Loans: ow Mortgage: by Region: Average from Year Beginning.

Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: NC: Stavropol Territory data was reported at 8.810 % pa in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.180 % pa for Sep 2024. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: NC: Stavropol Territory data is updated quarterly, averaging 12.160 % pa from Sep 2006 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 74 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.900 % pa in Jun 2009 and a record low of 6.590 % pa in Jun 2022. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: Quarterly: NC: Stavropol Territory data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Russia. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table RU.MB010: Lending Rate: RUB Housing Loans: ow Mortgage: by Region: Average from Year Beginning.

The annual average interest rate on new residential loans in Spain continued to rise in 2023, after increasing in for the first time in 2022 following a decade long period of year-on-year decrease. In 2023, the average mortgage rate was 3.75 percent, up from 1.49 percent in 2021.

Home buyers in South Africa paid on average 7.8 percent of home price as a deposit when taking out a mortgage loan in the second quarter of 2022. For first-time buyers, this percentage was slightly higher at 8.1 percent.

Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: CF: Moscow Region data was reported at 7.820 % pa in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.610 % pa for Feb 2025. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: CF: Moscow Region data is updated monthly, averaging 11.710 % pa from Dec 2008 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 196 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.110 % pa in Oct 2009 and a record low of 4.820 % pa in May 2022. Lending Rate: RUB Mortgage Loans: YB: CF: Moscow Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Russia. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table RU.MB010: Lending Rate: RUB Housing Loans: ow Mortgage: by Region: Average from Year Beginning.

The Latin American home mortgage finance market, valued at approximately $XX million in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.00% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key drivers, including increasing urbanization, rising disposable incomes across various socioeconomic segments, and government initiatives aimed at boosting homeownership rates. Furthermore, the expansion of the formal financial sector and the availability of innovative mortgage products, such as adjustable-rate mortgages catering to diverse financial profiles, contribute to market expansion. However, economic volatility in certain Latin American nations and fluctuating interest rates pose significant challenges. The market is segmented by mortgage type (fixed-rate and adjustable-rate), loan tenure (ranging from under 5 years to over 25 years), and geography, with Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Peru representing significant market shares. Competition is intense, with major players including Caixa Economica Federal, Banco do Brasil, Itaú, Bradesco, Santander, and others vying for market dominance. The market's future trajectory hinges on managing economic instability, maintaining affordable interest rates, and continuing to improve access to credit for a broader range of borrowers. The segment analysis reveals that fixed-rate mortgages currently dominate the market, though adjustable-rate mortgages are gaining traction due to their flexibility. Longer-tenure mortgages (11-24 years and 25-30 years) are increasingly popular as borrowers seek more manageable monthly payments. Geographically, Brazil holds the largest market share, reflecting its substantial population and relatively developed financial sector. However, Chile, Colombia, and Peru are showing promising growth potential, driven by improving economic conditions and increased government support for housing initiatives. The Rest of Latin America segment offers considerable untapped potential. Continued economic development and infrastructure improvements in these regions will be instrumental in further propelling market growth in the coming years. A focus on financial literacy and responsible lending practices will be essential for sustainable market development and to mitigate potential risks associated with rapid expansion. Recent developments include: In August 2022, Two new mortgage fintech start-ups emerged in Latin America: Toperty launched in Colombia and Saturn5 is about to launch in Mexico. Toperty offers to purchase a customer's new house outright and provides a payment schedule that allows the customer to purchase the house while renting it from the business. Saturn5 wants to give its clients the skills and resources they need to buy a house on their own., In August 2022, During a conference call on August 5, Brazilian lender Banco Bradesco SA startled analysts by reporting an increase in default rates in the second quarter of 2022. The average 90-day nonperforming loan ratio for Bradesco, the second-largest private bank in Latin America, increased by 30 basis points. Delinquency in the overall portfolio increased to 3.5% from 2.5% and 3.2%, respectively, in the first quarter.. Notable trends are: Increase in Economic Growth and GDP per capita.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is an independent regulatory agency that is not part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).

The FHFA was established by the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA) and is responsible for the effective supervision, regulation, and housing mission oversight of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac (the Enterprises), Common Securitization Solutions, LLC (CSS), and the Federal Home Loan Bank System, which includes the 11 Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBanks) and the Office of Finance. Since 2008, FHFA has also served as conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Conforming Loan Limits are mortgage limits set annually (as required by HERA) by the FHFA. In order for a mortgage loan to be eligible to be insured by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, the loan amount must be less than the loan limit. Mortgage exceeding the Conforming Loan Limit are referred to as "non-conforming loans" or "jumbo loans." While most counties use a single set of Conforming Loan Limits based on the number of units, high cost of living counties use higher Conforming Loan Limits. The FHFA analyzes year-over-year change in average home prices in October of each year using the Monthly Interest Rate Survey (MIRS) to adjust the Conforming Loan Limits for the upcoming year.

Geospatial data in this feature service uses the Census 2010 County geographies.

To learn more about about the FHFA, please visit:https://www.fhfa.gov/AboutUs



For more information about FHFA Conforming Loan Limits, please visit:https://www.fhfa.gov/DataTools/Downloads/Pages/Conforming-Loan-Limits.aspx, for questions about the spatial attribution of this dataset, please reach out to us at GISHelpdesk@hud.gov. 

Date of Coverage: 2022 Data Dictionary:DD_FHFA Conforming Loan Limits