In 2022, the median annual family income of lone-parent families in Canada increased by 2,100 dollars (+3.7 percent) since 2021. Therefore, the median annual income in Canada reached a peak in 2022 with 58,850 dollars.

This graph shows the Percentage of households led by a female householder with no spouse present with own children under 18 years living in the household in the U.S. in 2021, by state. In 2021, about 4.24 percent of Californian households were single mother households with at least one child.

Additional information on single mother households and poverty in the United States

For most single mothers a constant battle persists between finding the time and energy to raise their children and the demands of working to supply an income to house and feed their families. The pressures of a single income and the high costs of childcare mean that the risk of poverty for these families is a tragic reality. Comparison of the overall United States poverty rate since 1990 with that of the poverty rate for families with a female householder shows that poverty is much more prevalent in the latter. In 2021, while the overall rate was at 11.6 percent, the rate of poverty for single mother families was 23 percent. Moreover, the degree of fluctuation tends to be lower for single female household families, suggesting the rate of poverty for these groups is less affected by economic conditions.

The sharp rise in the number of children living with a single mother or single father in the United States from 1970 to 2022 suggests more must be done to ensure that families in such situations are able to avoid poverty. Moreover, attention should also be placed on overall racial income inequality given the higher rate of poverty for Hispanic single mother families than their white or Asian counterparts.

The typical American picture of a family with 2.5 kids might not be as relevant as it once was: In 2023, there was an average of 1.94 children under 18 per family in the United States. This is a decrease from 2.33 children under 18 per family in 1960.

Familial structure in the United States

If there’s one thing the United States is known for, it’s diversity. Whether this is diversity in ethnicity, culture, or family structure, there is something for everyone in the U.S. Two-parent households in the U.S. are declining, and the number of families with no children are increasing. The number of families with children has stayed more or less constant since 2000.

Adoptions in the U.S.

Families in the U.S. don’t necessarily consist of parents and their own biological children. In 2021, around 35,940 children were adopted by married couples, and 13,307 children were adopted by single women.

The Priority Neighborhoods dataset is a part of the City of Oakland Department of Transportation's (OakDOT's) Geographic Equity Toolbox. The Priority Neighborhoods GIS dataset relies upon demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS). This dataset assigns each census tract in Oakland a numerical priority value and a quantile from lowest and highest, as determined by the following seven weighted demographic factors (with weights in brackets "[XX%]"): • People of Color [25%] • Low-income Households (<50% of Area Median Income for a 4-person household) [25%] • People with Disability [10%] • Seniors 65 Years and Over [10%] • Single Parent Families [10%] • Severely Rent-Burdened Households [10%] • Low Educational Attainment (less than a bachelor's degree) [10%]

This dataset was last updated in October 2024 with data from the 2022 5-year (i.e., averaged from 2018 through 2022) American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS is managed by the United States Census Bureau; learn more about the ACS at: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs.

See the online map and read the methodology at: https://www.oaklandca.gov/resources/oakdot-geographic-equity-toolbox. This dataset is maintained by the OakDOT Race and Equity Team; learn more about the team at: https://www.oaklandca.gov/topics/oakdot-race-and-equity-team.

Field Descriptions: • TRACT: Census Tract Number • QUINTILE: Priority Quintile (calculated) • PLAN_AREA: OakDOT Planning Area • POPULATION: Population (average from 2018 through 2022) • PCT_POC: Percent People of Color • PCT_INC: Percent Low Income • PCT_SRB: Percent Severely Rent-Burdened • PCT_PWD: People with a Disability • PCT_SENIOR: Percent Seniors • PCT_SPH: Percent Single Parent Households • PCT_EDU: Percent Low Educational Attainment • RAT_POC: Ratio of People of Color (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_INC: Ratio of Low Income (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_SRB: Ratio of Severely Rent-Burdened (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_PWD: Ratio of People with a Disability (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_SENIOR: Ratio of Seniors (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_SPH: Ratio of Single Parent Households (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_EDU: Ratio of Low Educational Attainment (compared to Citywide average) • RAT_SCORE: Priority Ratio (compared to Citywide average) • ALAND: Land Area in square feet

City of Oakland, Department of Transportation (OakDOT) 250 Frank H. Ogawa Plaza, Suite 4314 | Oakland, CA 94612

The City of Toronto monitors the affordability of food annually using the Nutritious Food Basket (NFB) costing tool. Food prices increased considerably in 2022. People with low incomes do not have enough money to cover the cost of basic expenses, including food. As such, NFB data is best viewed in relation to income, alongside other local basic expenses. The dataset describes the affordability of food and other basic expenses relative to income for nine household scenarios. Scenarios were selected to reflect household characteristics that increase the risk of being food insecure, including reliance on social assistance as the main source of income, single-parent households, and rental housing. A median income scenario has also been included as a comparator. Income, including federal and provincial tax benefits, and the cost of four basic living expenses - shelter, food, childcare, and transportation - are estimated for each scenario. Results show the amount of money remaining at the end of the month for each household. Three versions of the scenarios were created to describe: Income scenarios with subsidies: Subsidies can substantially reduce a households’ monthly expenses. Local subsidies for rent (Rent-Geared-to-Income), childcare (Childcare Fee Subsidy), and transit (Fair Pass) are accounted for in this file. Income scenarios without subsidies + average rent: In this file, rental costs are based on average rent, as measured by the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). Income scenarios without subsidies + market rent: Rental costs are based on average market rent (as of June 2022), as measured by the Toronto Regional Real Estate Board (TRREB). Limitations Scenarios describe estimated values only, rounded to the nearest dollar. Income is estimated using a May/June 2022 reference period to align with Nutritious Food Basket data collection. Thus, tax year 2020 has been utilized in calculations. Income amounts include all entitlements available to Ontario residents; therefore, they are maximum amounts. Actual income amounts may be lower if residents do not file their income tax and/or do not apply for all available tax credits.

The purpose of the study: to analyse Lithuanian residents attitude towards family, coordination of men and women domestic and labour roles. Major investigated questions: at the beginning of the survey, respondents were provided with a block of questions aimed at exploring their attitudes toward the role of women in the family and the labour market (A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work; 6 in total). Respondents were asked how much responsibility women and men should take for the home and family, and who is better suited to look after their children, the mother or the father. It was clarified whether women should work full-time, part-time, or not at all when they have preschool-aged children and when their youngest child starts school. After presenting this block of questions, attitudes toward marriage and having children were examined (Having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents; total 4). The next block sought to find out opinions on different forms of parenthood and family diversity (A single mother can bring up her child as well as a married couple; total 4). Lithuanian residents who participated in the survey were invited to indicate what the ideal number of children in a family should be. When asked to think about a family in which a father and mother are raising a 5-year-old child, the survey examined which parent should be responsible for parenting activities (Provide for the family financially; Take care of the child on a daily basis; total 6). It was clarified whether a couple working full-time should be able to take paid parental leave after the birth of a child, and if so, how many months it should last. When asked to think about the same couple, respondents were told to consider how the mother and father should share this leave if both are in a similar work situation and both are eligible for parental leave. Next, respondents were invited to imagine a family with preschool-aged children and indicate how they would best balance family life and work and which option was the least acceptable. They were prompted to consider who should primarily look after preschool-aged children and who should primarily cover the costs of preschool-aged childcare. Similarly, they had questions about older people who need help in their daily lives: who should primarily provide such assistance and who should primarily cover the costs of assistance to elderly people. Respondents were then asked to indicate the average number of hours per week that they or their spouse or partner spend on housework, excluding childcare and leisure, and how many hours per week on average they spend caring for family members (i.e., children, grandparents, sick or disabled family members). The survey also sought to find out how respondents and their spouses or partners manage their income. A block of questions was used to find out who performs the listed household tasks (Does the laundry; Plans and organizes social and family activities; 6 in total). Respondents had the opportunity to indicate how they and their spouses or partners share household chores. Another block of questions explored the possible conflict between work and family roles (I have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to be done; 4 in total). Next, the respondents' attitudes toward what they consider to be close relatives and their perception of their responsibilities toward their loved ones were examined. It was investigated whether respondents believe that close relatives or close friends are more reliable. Accordingly, it was surveyed whether the most important people in life should be close relatives or close friends. Respondents were prompted to assess how happy or unhappy they feel. The last block of questions examined the opinion of whether certain leadership positions are more suitable for women or men (Cabinet minister in the national government; 3 in total). Next, Lithuanian residents who participated in the survey were asked to answer how difficult or easy it is for their households to make ends meet at present and, compared to 12 months ago, how their household's financial situation has changed. The final question of the survey addressed the number of children respondents have or had. Socio-demographic characteristics: gender, age, level of education, membership in organizations, religion, marital status, nationality, political views, political participation, size of household, respondent's average personal income, place of residence, working situation of the respondent and of his/her spouse or partner.

Income of individuals by age group, sex and income source, Canada, provinces and selected census metropolitan areas, annual.

Low income cut-offs (LICOs) before and after tax by community size and family size, in current dollars, annual.

In 2023, in France, **** of couples without children whose reference person was under 65 had a disposable income of less than ****** euros per year. On the other hand, **** of single-parent families whose reference person was also under 65 had a disposable income of *******euros per year. The average disposable income in France, regardless of the household type, was *******euros per year.

U.S. citizens with a professional degree had the highest median household income in 2023, at 172,100 U.S. dollars. In comparison, those with less than a 9th grade education made significantly less money, at 35,690 U.S. dollars. Household income The median household income in the United States has fluctuated since 1990, but rose to around 70,000 U.S. dollars in 2021. Maryland had the highest median household income in the United States in 2021. Maryland’s high levels of wealth is due to several reasons, and includes the state's proximity to the nation's capital. Household income and ethnicity The median income of white non-Hispanic households in the United States had been on the rise since 1990, but declining since 2019. While income has also been on the rise, the median income of Hispanic households was much lower than those of white, non-Hispanic private households. However, the median income of Black households is even lower than Hispanic households. Income inequality is a problem without an easy solution in the United States, especially since ethnicity is a contributing factor. Systemic racism contributes to the non-White population suffering from income inequality, which causes the opportunity for growth to stagnate.

In Sweden, the annual average disposable income varies greatly between the different types of households. Whereas cohabiting households with children aged 20 to 29 had an average income of more than one million Swedish kronor in 2021, it was only 262,000 Swedish kronor for single women without children. The annual average household disposable income in Sweden that year was 536,600 Swedish kronor.

 Cohabiting and single households

The statistic paints a clear picture of cohabiting couples being far better off than single person households, regardless of whether they have children or not. Moreover, it is clear that cohabiting pairs with adult children, where both parents have been economically active for several years, are better off than the couples with younger children. On average, slightly more than two persons live in a Swedish household.

Most common type of household

The household with the lowest average income is also the most common type of household in Sweden. In 2022, over two million households in the country were single person households without children. Cohabiting couples without children made up the second most common type of household, followed by cohabiting couples with children.

Approximately 8.8 percent of U.S. families had an annual income of between 35,000 and 49,999 U.S. dollars in 2023. A further 19.7 percent of families in the United States had an annual income between 100,000 and 149,999 U.S. dollars.

This graph shows the average size of households in China from 1990 to 2023. That year, statistically about 2.8 people were living in an average Chinese household. Average household size in China A household is commonly defined as one person living alone or a group of people living together and sharing certain living accommodations. The average number of people living in one household in China dropped from 3.96 in 1990 to 2.87 in 2011. Since 2010, the figure was relatively stable and ranged between 2.87 and 3.17 people per household. The average Chinese household still counts as rather large in comparison to other industrial countries. In 2023, an average American household consisted of only 2.51 people. Comparable figures have already been reached in the bigger cities and coastal areas of China, but in the rural provinces the household size is still much larger. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the household size in China was diametrically correlated to its income. Birth rates and household sizes The receding size of Chinese households may be linked to the controversial one-child policy introduced in 1979. The main aim of the policy was to control population growth. While the fertility rate in China had been very high until the 1970s, it fell considerably in the following decades and resided at only 1.7 children per woman in 2018, nearly the same as in the United States or in the United Kingdom. A partial ease in the one-child policy was introduced in 2013, due to which couples where at least one parent was an only child were allowed to have a second child. In October 2015, the law was changed into a two-child policy becoming effective in January 2016.

As of January 2022, the largest share of Chinese middle-class families had an annual income of between *** thousand and *** thousand yuan per year. According to the same survey, almost ** percent of respondents have at least one child. Many middle-class families in China face significant financial burdens because not only do living costs continuously increase but they also often have to support their parents. In that case, one family has to care for four elders and least one kid.