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In the fourth quarter of 2024, TikTok generated around 186 million downloads from users worldwide. Initially launched in China first by ByteDance as Douyin, the short-video format was popularized by TikTok and took over the global social media environment in 2020. In the first quarter of 2020, TikTok downloads peaked at over 313.5 million worldwide, up by 62.3 percent compared to the first quarter of 2019.

              TikTok interactions: is there a magic formula for content success?

              In 2024, TikTok registered an engagement rate of approximately 4.64 percent on video content hosted on its platform. During the same examined year, the social video app recorded over 1,100 interactions on average. These interactions were primarily composed of likes, while only recording less than 20 comments per piece of content on average in 2024.
              The platform has been actively monitoring the issue of fake interactions, as it removed around 236 million fake likes during the first quarter of 2024. Though there is no secret formula to get the maximum of these metrics, recommended video length can possibly contribute to the success of content on TikTok.
              It was recommended that tiny TikTok accounts with up to 500 followers post videos that are around 2.6 minutes long as of the first quarter of 2024. While, the ideal video duration for huge TikTok accounts with over 50,000 followers was 7.28 minutes. The average length of TikTok videos posted by the creators in 2024 was around 43 seconds.

              What’s trending on TikTok Shop?

              Since its launch in September 2023, TikTok Shop has become one of the most popular online shopping platforms, offering consumers a wide variety of products. In 2023, TikTok shops featuring beauty and personal care items sold over 370 million products worldwide.
              TikTok shops featuring womenswear and underwear, as well as food and beverages, followed with 285 and 138 million products sold, respectively. Similarly, in the United States market, health and beauty products were the most-selling items,
              accounting for 85 percent of sales made via the TikTok Shop feature during the first month of its launch. In 2023, Indonesia was the market with the largest number of TikTok Shops, hosting over 20 percent of all TikTok Shops. Thailand and Vietnam followed with 18.29 and 17.54 percent of the total shops listed on the famous short video platform, respectively.

The global number of Facebook users was forecast to continuously increase between 2023 and 2027 by in total 391 million users (+14.36 percent). After the fourth consecutive increasing year, the Facebook user base is estimated to reach 3.1 billion users and therefore a new peak in 2027. Notably, the number of Facebook users was continuously increasing over the past years. User figures, shown here regarding the platform Facebook, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

NJR is a Normalized Java Resource. The NJR-1 dataset consists of 293 Java programs.

TOOLS THAT RUN ON NJR-1

Each program runs successfully with the following 13 Java static analysis tools:

1. SpotBugs (https://spotbugs.github.io)
2. Wala (https://wala.github.io)
3. Doop (https://bitbucket.org/yanniss/doop)
4. Soot (https://github.com/soot-oss/soot)
5. Petablox (https://github.com/petablox/petablox)
6. Infer (https://fbinfer.com)
7. Error-Prone (http://errorprone.info)
8. Checker-Framework (https://checkerframework.org)
9. Opium (Opal-framework) (https://www.opal-project.de)
10. Spoon (https://spoon.gforge.inria.fr)
11. PMD (https://pmd.github.io)
12. CheckStyle (https://checkstyle.org)
13. Codeguru* (https://aws.amazon.com/codeguru)

In addition to these static analysis tools, the NJR dataset has also been tested with 6 other tools that operate on Java bytecode.

1. Jacoco (https://www.jacoco.org): Dynamic analysis tool
2. Wiretap (https://github.com/ucla-pls/wiretap): Dynamic analysis tool
3. JReduce (https://github.com/ucla-pls/jreduce): Bytecode reduction tool
4. Procyon (https://github.com/ststeiger/procyon): Decompiler
5. CFR (https://www.benf.org/other/cfr/): Decompiler
6. Fernflower (https://github.com/fesh0r/fernflower): Decompiler

BENCHMARK PROGRAMS

The NJR programs are repositories picked from a set of Java-8 projects on Github that compile and run successfully. Each of these programs come with a jar file, the compiled bytecode files, compiled library files and the Java source code. The availability of the files in both jar-file form, as well as source code form (with the compiled library classes) is a major reason the dataset works with so many tools, without requiring any extra effort.

Internally, each benchmark program has the following structure:

• src: directory with source files.
• classes: directory with class files.
• lib: compiled third party library classes (source files not available, since libraries are distributed as class-files).
• jarfile: jar file containing the compiled application classes and third-party library classes.
• info: directory with information about the program. It includes the following files.
  • classes: list of application classes (excludes third-party library classes).
  • mainclasses: list of main classes that can be run.
  • sources: list of source file names.
  • declarations: list of method declarations categorized by source file name.

The benchmarks already come with a compiled JAR file, but some tools need to compile and run the benchmarks. The following simple commands can be used for compilation and running (replace

javac -d compiled_classes -cp lib @info/sources

java -cp jarfile/

FILES AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD

There are 3 files available for download: njr-1_dataset.zip, scripts.zip, benchmark_stats.csv.

njr-1_dataset.zip has the actual dataset programs. scripts.zip contains Python3 scripts for each tool, to run it on the entire dataset. It also contains a Readme detailing the version number, download link and setup instructions for each tool. The benchmark_stats.csv file lists, for each benchmark, the number of nodes and edges in its dynamic application call-graph, as well as the number of edges in its static application call-graph (as computed by Wala) when using the main function listed in the info/mainclassname file.

STATISTICS

Here are some statistics about the benchmark programs

• Mean number of application classes: 97
• Each program executes at least 100 unique application methods at runtime.
• Mean lines of application source code: 9911
• Mean number of 3rd party library classes: 2608
• Mean (estimated) lines of 3rd party library source code: 250,000

A summary of the statistics from the benchmark_stats file is listed here:

Statistics Dynamic-Nodes Dynamic-Edges Static-Edges
Mean 205 469 1404
St.Dev 199 464 2523
Median 149 327 610

NOTES

Note: Zenodo shows 4 changes for this repository. However all the changes involve updating the scripts folder, as more tools get tested on the dataset. The programs in the dataset themselves remain unchanged.

*Note 2: Codeguru Reviewer is a paid, proprietary tool by Amazon. Our experiments show that it runs successfully on all the benchmarks in this dataset. However, we don't include any scripts to replicate this run because of its paid nature.

To cite the dataset, please cite the following paper:
Jens Palsberg and Cristina V. Lopes, NJR: a Normalized Java Resource.
In Proceedings of ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on State Of the Art in Program Analysis (SOAP), 2018.

• The objective behind analyzing this dataset was to provide insights to the management of the Namma yatri app. - The insights could be like the following:
• How many searches take place and what is the conversion from searches to final ride by the customer?
• Which areas and what duration has more demand?

• How many users see the estimate fare and then decide not to proceed with booking the ride?

• Based on the above, they could decide on micro based strategies of how to attract more users and convert them into opting for the ride.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F10868729%2Febeec2adbe83d4ed8b114dc589abdb9d%2FDashboard%201%20(3).png?generation=1702313526966019&alt=media" alt="">

• Above is an interactive dashboard which provide the conversion rate for the total trips when compared to the number of searches. This indicates that only 45% opt for a ride when they search for a ride.
• This can further be broken down by filtering the Assembly which will give the details area wise in Bangalore.
• The dashboard provides a very micro level detail which can help in formulating strategies.

This dataset provides a series of climate indices derived from reanalysis and model simulations data hosted on the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS). These indicators describe how climate variability and change of essential climate variables can impact sectors such as health, agriculture, forestry, energy, tourism, or water and coastal management. Those indices are relevant for adaptation planning at the European and national level and their development was driven by the European Environment Agency (EEA) to address informational needs of climate change adaptation national initiatives across the EU and partner countries as expressed by user requirements and stakeholder consultation. The indices cover the hazard categories introduced by the IPCC and the European Topic Centre on Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation (ETC-CCA). They are also made available interactively through CDS Toolbox public visualisation apps on the European Climate Data Explorer hosted on EEA’s Climate-adapt site. The indices are either downloaded from the CDS where available, or calculated through a specific CDS Toolbox workflow. In this way both the calculations and the resulting data are fully traceable. As they come from different datasets the underlying climate data differ in their technical specification (type and number of climate and impact models involved, bias-corrected or not, periods covered etc.). An effort was made in the dataset selection to limit the heterogeneity of the underlying dataset as ideally the indices should come from the same dataset with identical specifications. The indices related to temperature, precipitation and wind (20 out of 30) were calculated from atmospheric variables in the same datasets: 'Climate and energy indicators for Europe from 2005 to 2100 derived from climate projections', and 'ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present'. The other indices are directly available from CDS datasets generated by specific theme projects. More information about this dataset can be found in the documentation. The underlying datasets hosted on the CDS are:

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present - used to calculate most of the temperature, precipitation and wind speed indicators as it provides the historical and observation based baseline used to monitor the indicators. Climate and energy indicators for Europe from 2005 to 2100 derived from climate projections - used to calculate most of the temperature, precipitation and wind speed indicators as it provides bias-corrected sub-daily data. It is used for all the indicators except those specified in the following datasets below. Fire danger indicators for Europe from 1970 to 2098 derived from climate projections - provides the high fire danger days and fire weather indicators. Hydrology-related climate impact indicators from 1970 to 2100 derived from bias adjusted European climate projections - provides the river flood, river discharge, aridity actual, and mean soil moisture indicators. Mountain tourism meteorological and snow indicators for Europe from 1950 to 2100 derived from reanalysis and climate projections - provides the snowfall amount index. Water level change indicators for the European coast from 1977 to 2100 derived from climate projections - provides the relative sea level rise and extreme sea level indicators.

This dataset was produced on behalf of the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

How many people use social media?

              Social media usage is one of the most popular online activities. In 2024, over five billion people were using social media worldwide, a number projected to increase to over six billion in 2028.

              Who uses social media?
              Social networking is one of the most popular digital activities worldwide and it is no surprise that social networking penetration across all regions is constantly increasing. As of January 2023, the global social media usage rate stood at 59 percent. This figure is anticipated to grow as lesser developed digital markets catch up with other regions
              when it comes to infrastructure development and the availability of cheap mobile devices. In fact, most of social media’s global growth is driven by the increasing usage of mobile devices. Mobile-first market Eastern Asia topped the global ranking of mobile social networking penetration, followed by established digital powerhouses such as the Americas and Northern Europe.

              How much time do people spend on social media?
              Social media is an integral part of daily internet usage. On average, internet users spend 151 minutes per day on social media and messaging apps, an increase of 40 minutes since 2015. On average, internet users in Latin America had the highest average time spent per day on social media.

              What are the most popular social media platforms?
              Market leader Facebook was the first social network to surpass one billion registered accounts and currently boasts approximately 2.9 billion monthly active users, making it the most popular social network worldwide. In June 2023, the top social media apps in the Apple App Store included mobile messaging apps WhatsApp and Telegram Messenger, as well as the ever-popular app version of Facebook.

The number of WhatsApp users in North America was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 7.6 million users (+4.97 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the WhatsApp user base is estimated to reach 160.51 million users and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the number of WhatsApp users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here regarding the platform whatsapp, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of WhatsApp users in countries like Worldwide and Africa.

The number of WhatsApp users in Europe was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 2.6 million users (+2.17 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the WhatsApp user base is estimated to reach 122.38 million users and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the number of WhatsApp users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here regarding the platform whatsapp, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of WhatsApp users in countries like Africa and South America.

The global number of KakaoTalk users in was forecast to decrease between 2024 and 2028 by in total 0.7 million users. This overall decrease does not happen continuously, notably not in 2026 and 2027. The KakaoTalk user base is estimated to amount to 48.7 million users in 2028. Notably, the number of KakaoTalk users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, here concerning the platform kakaoTalk, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

The number of Reddit users in the United States was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 10.3 million users (+5.21 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the Reddit user base is estimated to reach 208.12 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of Reddit users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here with regards to the platform reddit, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once. Reddit users encompass both users that are logged in and those that are not.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of Reddit users in countries like Mexico and Canada.

The number of Twitter users in the United States was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 4.3 million users (+5.32 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the Twitter user base is estimated to reach 85.08 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of Twitter users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here regarding the platform twitter, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of Twitter users in countries like Canada and Mexico.

How much time do people spend on social media?

              As of 2024, the average daily social media usage of internet users worldwide amounted to 143 minutes per day, down from 151 minutes in the previous year. Currently, the country with the most time spent on social media per day is Brazil, with online users spending an average of three hours and 49 minutes on social media each day. In comparison, the daily time spent with social media in
              the U.S. was just two hours and 16 minutes. Global social media usageCurrently, the global social network penetration rate is 62.3 percent. Northern Europe had an 81.7 percent social media penetration rate, topping the ranking of global social media usage by region. Eastern and Middle Africa closed the ranking with 10.1 and 9.6 percent usage reach, respectively.
              People access social media for a variety of reasons. Users like to find funny or entertaining content and enjoy sharing photos and videos with friends, but mainly use social media to stay in touch with current events friends. Global impact of social mediaSocial media has a wide-reaching and significant impact on not only online activities but also offline behavior and life in general.
              During a global online user survey in February 2019, a significant share of respondents stated that social media had increased their access to information, ease of communication, and freedom of expression. On the flip side, respondents also felt that social media had worsened their personal privacy, increased a polarization in politics and heightened everyday distractions.

The number of LinkedIn users in the United Kingdom was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 1.5 million users (+4.51 percent). After the eighth consecutive increasing year, the LinkedIn user base is estimated to reach 34.7 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. User figures, shown here with regards to the platform LinkedIn, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

The number of Instagram users in the United Kingdom was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 2.1 million users (+7.02 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the Instagram user base is estimated to reach 32 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of Instagram users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here with regards to the platform instagram, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

The global number of snapchat users in was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 165.7 million users (+27 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the snapchat user base is estimated to reach 779.3 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of snapchat users of was continuously increasing over the past years.The user numbers, depicted here regarding the platform Snapchat, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of snapchat users in countries like Africa and the Americas.

The number of snapchat users in the United States was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 5.7 million users (+5.3 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the snapchat user base is estimated to reach 113.3 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of snapchat users of was continuously increasing over the past years.The user numbers, depicted here regarding the platform Snapchat, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of snapchat users in countries like Canada and Mexico.

The number of Pinterest users in the United Kingdom was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2028 by in total 0.3 million users (+3.14 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the Pinterest user base is estimated to reach 9.88 million users and therefore a new peak in 2028. Notably, the number of Pinterest users of was continuously increasing over the past years.User figures, shown here regarding the platform pinterest, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

As of January 2024, Instagram was slightly more popular with men than women, with men accounting for 50.6 percent of the platform’s global users. Additionally, the social media app was most popular amongst younger audiences, with almost 32 percent of users aged between 18 and 24 years.

              Instagram’s Global Audience

              As of January 2024, Instagram was the fourth most popular social media platform globally, reaching two billion monthly active users (MAU). This number is projected to keep growing with no signs of slowing down, which is not a surprise as the global online social penetration rate across all regions is constantly increasing.
              As of January 2024, the country with the largest Instagram audience was India with 362.9 million users, followed by the United States with 169.7 million users.

              Who is winning over the generations?

              Even though Instagram’s audience is almost twice the size of TikTok’s on a global scale, TikTok has shown itself to be a fierce competitor, particularly amongst younger audiences. TikTok was the most downloaded mobile app globally in 2022, generating 672 million downloads. As of 2022, Generation Z in the United States spent more time on TikTok than on Instagram monthly.