Key information about Pakistan Household Income per Capita

• Pakistan Annual Household Income per Capita reached 587.069 USD in Jun 2019, compared with the previous value of 650.644 USD in Jun 2016.
• Pakistan Annual Household Income per Capita data is updated yearly, available from Jun 2005 to Jun 2019, with an averaged value of 508.977 USD.
• The data reached an all-time high of 650.644 USD in Jun 2016 and a record low of 290.069 USD in Jun 2005.

CEIC calculates Annual Household Income per Capita from annual Monthly Average Household Income multiplied by 12 and annual Average Household Size and converts it into USD. The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics provides Average Household Income in local currency and Average Household Size. The State Bank of Pakistan average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Household Income per Capita is in annual frequency, ending in June of each year.

Pakistan Average Number per Household: Children data was reported at 2.770 Person in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.800 Person for 2014. Pakistan Average Number per Household: Children data is updated yearly, averaging 2.880 Person from Jun 2002 (Median) to 2016, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.310 Person in 2002 and a record low of 2.770 Person in 2016. Pakistan Average Number per Household: Children data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.H005: Household Integrated Economic Survey: Average Numbers per Household.

The Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) was fielded on a national basis between the months of December 1990 and May 1991. The survey was carried out by the National Institute of Population Studies with the objective of assisting the Ministry of Population Welfare to evaluate the Population Welfare Programme and maternal and child health services. The PDHS is the latest in a series of surveys, making it possible to evaluate changes in the demographic status of the population and in health conditions nationwide. Earlier surveys include the Pakistan Contraceptive Prevalence Survey of 1984-85 and the Pakistan Fertility Survey of 1975. The primary objective of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) was to provide national- and provincial-level data on population and health in Pakistan. The primary emphasis was on the following topics: fertility, nuptiality, family size preferences, knowledge and use of family planning, the potential demand for contraception, the level of unwanted fertility, infant and child mortality, breastfeeding and food supplementation practices, maternal care, child nutrition and health, immunisations and child morbidity. This information is intended to assist policy makers, administrators and researchers in assessing and evaluating population and health programmes and strategies. The PDHS is further intended to serve as a source of demographic data for comparison with earlier surveys, particularly the 1975 Pakistan Fertility Survey (PFS) and the 1984-85 Pakistan Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (PCPS). MAIN RESULTS Until recently, fertility rates had remained high with little evidence of any sustained fertility decline. In recent years, however, fertility has begun to decline due to a rapid increase in the age at marriage and to a modest rise in the prevalence of contraceptive use. The lotal fertility rate is estimated to have fallen from a level of approximately 6.4 children in the early 1980s to 6.0 children in the mid-1980s, to 5.4 children in the late 1980s. The exact magnitude of the change is in dispute and will be the subject of further research. Important differentials of fertility include the degree ofurbanisation and the level of women's education. The total fertility rate is estimated to be nearly one child lower in major cities (4.7) than in rural areas (5.6). Women with at least some secondary schooling have a rate of 3.6, compared to a rate of 5.7 children for women with no formal education. There is a wide disparity between women's knowledge and use of contraceptives in Pakistan. While 78 percent of currently married women report knowing at least one method of contraception, only 21 percent have ever used a method, and only 12 percent are currently doing so. Three-fourths of current users are using a modem method and one-fourth a traditional method. The two most commonly used methods are female sterilisation (4 percent) and the condom (3 percent). Despite the relatively low level of contraceptive use, the gain over time has been significant. Among married non-pregnant women, contraceptive use has almost tripled in 15 years, from 5 percent in 1975 to 14 percent in 1990-91. The contraceptive prevalence among women with secondary education is 38 percent, and among women with no schooling it is only 8 percent. Nearly one-third of women in major cities arc current users of contraception, but contraceptive use is still rare in rural areas (6 percent). The Government of Pakistan plays a major role in providing family planning services. Eighty-five percent of sterilised women and 81 percent of IUD users obtained services from the public sector. Condoms, however, were supplied primarily through the social marketing programme. The use of contraceptives depends on many factors, including the degree of acceptability of the concept of family planning. Among currently married women who know of a contraceptive method, 62 percent approve of family planning. There appears to be a considerable amount of consensus between husbands and wives about family planning use: one-third of female respondents reported that both they and their husbands approve of family planning, while slightly more than one-fifth said they both disapprove. The latter couples constitute a group for which family planning acceptance will require concerted motivational efforts. The educational levels attained by Pakistani women remain low: 79 percent of women have had no formal education, 14 percent have studied at the primary or middle school level, and only 7 percent have attended at least some secondary schooling. The traditional social structure of Pakistan supports a natural fertility pattern in which the majority of women do not use any means of fertility regulation. In such populations, the proximate determinants of fertility (other than contraception) are crucial in determining fertility levels. These include age at marriage, breastfeeding, and the duration of postpartum amenorrhoea and abstinence. The mean age at marriage has risen sharply over the past few decades, from under 17 years in the 1950s to 21.7 years in 1991. Despite this rise, marriage remains virtually universal: among women over the age of 35, only 2 percent have never married. Marriage patterns in Pakistan are characterised by an unusually high degree of consangninity. Half of all women are married to their first cousin and an additional 11 percent are married to their second cousin. Breasffeeding is important because of the natural immune protection it provides to babies, and the protection against pregnancy it gives to mothers. Women in Pakistan breastfeed their children for an average of20months. Themeandurationofpostpartumamenorrhoeais slightly more than 9 months. After tbebirth of a child, women abstain from sexual relations for an average of 5 months. As a result, the mean duration of postpartum insusceptibility (the period immediately following a birth during which the mother is protected from the risk of pregnancy) is 11 months, and the median is 8 months. Because of differentials in the duration of breastfeeding and abstinence, the median duration of insusceptibility varies widely: from 4 months for women with at least some secondary education to 9 months for women with no schooling; and from 5 months for women residing in major cities to 9 months for women in rural areas. In the PDHS, women were asked about their desire for additional sons and daughters. Overall, 40 percent of currently married women do not want to have any more children. This figure increases rapidly depending on the number of children a woman has: from 17 percent for women with two living children, to 52 percent for women with four children, to 71 percent for women with six children. The desire to stop childbearing varies widely across cultural groupings. For example, among women with four living children, the percentage who want no more varies from 47 percent for women with no education to 84 percent for those with at least some secondary education. Gender preference continues to be widespread in Pakistan. Among currently married non-pregnant women who want another child, 49 percent would prefer to have a boy and only 5 percent would prefer a girl, while 46 percent say it would make no difference. The need for family planning services, as measured in the PDHS, takes into account women's statements concerning recent and future intended childbearing and their use of contraceptives. It is estimated that 25 percent of currently married women have a need for family planning to stop childbearing and an additional 12 percent are in need of family planning for spacing children. Thus, the total need for family planning equals 37 percent, while only 12 percent of women are currently using contraception. The result is an unmet need for family planning services consisting of 25 percent of currently married women. This gap presents both an opportunity and a challenge to the Population Welfare Programme. Nearly one-tenth of children in Pakistan die before reaching their first birthday. The infant mortality rate during the six years preceding the survey is estimaled to be 91 per thousand live births; the under-five mortality rate is 117 per thousand. The under-five mortality rates vary from 92 per thousand for major cities to 132 for rural areas; and from 50 per thousand for women with at least some secondary education to 128 for those with no education. The level of infant mortality is influenced by biological factors such as mother's age at birth, birth order and, most importantly, the length of the preceding birth interval. Children born less than two years after their next oldest sibling are subject to an infant mortality rate of 133 per thousand, compared to 65 for those spaced two to three years apart, and 30 for those born at least four years after their older brother or sister. One of the priorities of the Government of Pakistan is to provide medical care during pregnancy and at the time of delivery, both of which are essential for infant and child survival and safe motherhood. Looking at children born in the five years preceding the survey, antenatal care was received during pregnancy for only 30 percent of these births. In rural areas, only 17 percent of births benefited from antenatal care, compared to 71 percent in major cities. Educational differentials in antenatal care are also striking: 22 percent of births of mothers with no education received antenatal care, compared to 85 percent of births of mothers with at least some secondary education. Tetanus, a major cause of neonatal death in Pakistan, can be prevented by immunisation of the mother during pregnancy. For 30 percent of all births in the five years prior to the survey, the mother received a tetanus toxoid vaccination. The differentials are about the same as those for antenatal care generally. Eighty-five percent of the births occurring during the five years preceding the survey were delivered

Pakistan Average Monthly Income: Household data was reported at 41,545.000 PKR in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 35,662.000 PKR for 2016. Pakistan Average Monthly Income: Household data is updated yearly, averaging 23,732.135 PKR from Jun 2005 (Median) to 2019, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41,545.000 PKR in 2019 and a record low of 9,685.000 PKR in 2005. Pakistan Average Monthly Income: Household data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.H006: Household Integrated Economic Survey: Average Monthly Income: Household.

Abstract

The Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) 2015-16, is designed by merging Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) and Family Budget Survey (FBS). The HIES is a large, complex household survey that collects information on a number of different socio-economic dimensions, which has been conducted through PSLM/HIES surveys under PSLM project since 2005-2005. It provides information at national/provincial level with urban/rural breakdown. This survey contains data collected from 24,238 household based on 1605 urban and rural primary sampling units (PSUs). The period of field enumeration of HIES as part of HIICS 2015-2016 was from September 2015 to June 2016.

The Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey presents household income and consumption expenditure data for the year 2015-2016. The format of the report is almost the same as of the earlier Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) conducted over the years 2004-2005, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2010-2011, 2011-2012 and 2013-2014.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals

Universe

The universe for Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) 2015-16 consists of all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan excluding Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and military restricted areas. The population of excluded areas constitutes about 2% of the total population.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) has developed its own area sampling frame for both Urban and Rural domains. Each city/town is divided into enumeration blocks. Each enumeration block is comprised of 200 to 250 households on the average with welldefined boundaries and maps. The list of enumeration blocks as updated from field on the prescribed performa by Quick Count technique for urban domain in 2013 and the updated list of villages/mouzas/dehs or its part (block), based on House Listing 2011 for conduct of Population Census are taken as sampling frame. Enumeration blocks are considered as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) for urban and rural domains respectively.

A) Sample Design: A stratified two-stage sample design is adopted for the survey.

B) Stratification Plan: The stratification plan for HIICS survey for urban and rural areas is as follows: - Urban Domain: Large cities Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan, Sialkot, Sargodha, Bahawalpur, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, Quetta and Islamabad are considered as large cities. Each of these cities constitutes a separate stratum, further sub-stratified according to low, middle and high income groups based on the information collected in respect of each enumeration block at the time of demarcation/ updating of urban area sampling frame. - Remaining Urban Areas: In all the four provinces after excluding the population of large cities from the population of an administrative division, the remaining urban population is grouped together to form a stratum. - Rural Domain: Each administrative district for three provinces namely Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Punjab, Sindh, and each administrative division for Balochistan is considered as an independent stratum.

C) Selection of Primary Sampling Units (PSUs): Enumeration blocks in both urban and rural domains are taken as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs). Sample PSUs from each ultimate stratum/sub-stratum are selected with probability proportional to size (PPS) method of sampling scheme. In both Urban and Rural domains, the number of households in an enumeration block is considered as measure of size.

D) Selection of Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs): The listed households of sample PSUs are taken as Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs). A specified number of households i.e. 16 from both urban and rural sample PSU are selected with equal probability using systematic sampling technique with a random start.

E) Sample Size and its Allocation: Keeping in view the objectives of the survey, the sample size for the four provinces has been fixed at 1668 sample blocks (PSU's) comprising 26688 households (SSU's), which is expected to produce reliable results at provincial level with urban and rural break down.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaire for this survey was especially designed by merging Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) and Family Budget Survey (FBS). The structure of the questionnaire is as follows:

• Surevy information
• Household roster
• Employment and income (females and males)
• Education (females and males)
• Housing (females only)

Consumption module: - Household consumption expenditure (females and males) - Tranfers received and paid out (during last one year) (male only) - Buildings and land owned by members of this household (male only) - Financial assets and liabilities, loans and credit (male only) - Agricultural sheet (male only) - Livestock, poultry, fish, forestry, honey bee (male only) - Non-agricultural establishment (male only) - Balance sheet for income and expenditure (male only) - Information and communication technology (females and males)

In 2023, the total fertility rate in children per woman in Pakistan stood at 3.61. Between 1960 and 2023, the figure dropped by 3.19, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Between April 2008 and March 2024, households from the Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnic groups were the most likely to live in low income out of all ethnic groups, before and after housing costs.

In the 3 years to March 2021, black households were most likely out of all ethnic groups to have a weekly income of under £600.

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate knowledge, attitude, perception, and assess the determinants of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among undergraduate students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among female undergraduate students in Pakistan using a survey. The questionnaire was formulated in English language by a review of literature and expert consensus. The sampling approach was convenient, and survey was available as electronic as well as hardcopy. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v23. Descriptive statistics namely mean (), standard deviation (SD), or median () and interquartile range (IQR) were used dependent upon data distribution. In addition, range (R) was also utilized to express the results. The logistic and linear regression analyses were also conducted. Study received ethical clearance from ethics committees.ResultsA total of 646 responses were analyzed. The average PCOS knowledge score was 11.58 ± 4.99 (overall), 12.02 ± 4.73 (medical students), 9.36 ± 5.65 (non-medical students) (α = 0.861). 68.6% participants did not feel embarrassed while discussing PCOS in the society, but 67.3% never discussed it with a doctor. Lack of self-knowledge (31.6%) and shyness/reluctance (21.4%) were identified as barriers by most students. Further, obesity, irregular menstrual periods, family history, hirsutism and contraceptive use were observed to be determinants for having PCOS (AOR > 2, p

In the 3 years to March 2021, white British families were the most likely to receive a type of state support.

Pakistan PK: Demand for Family Planning Satisfied by Modern Methods: % of Married Women with Demand for Family Planning data was reported at 47.000 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 39.700 % for 2007. Pakistan PK: Demand for Family Planning Satisfied by Modern Methods: % of Married Women with Demand for Family Planning data is updated yearly, averaging 33.300 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2013, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 47.000 % in 2013 and a record low of 21.300 % in 1991. Pakistan PK: Demand for Family Planning Satisfied by Modern Methods: % of Married Women with Demand for Family Planning data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Health Statistics. Demand for family planning satisfied by modern methods refers to the percentage of married women ages 15-49 years whose need for family planning is satisfied with modern methods.; ; Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).; Weighted Average;

Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Male: % of Male Employment data was reported at 15.008 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 14.988 % for 2016. Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Male: % of Male Employment data is updated yearly, averaging 16.423 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.685 % in 2008 and a record low of 12.935 % in 2015. Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Male: % of Male Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Employment and Unemployment. Contributing family workers are those workers who hold 'self-employment jobs' as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.; ; International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in September 2018.; Weighted average; Data up to 2016 are estimates while data from 2017 are projections.

Demographics and laboratory parameters of RA patients.

Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Female: % of Female Employment data was reported at 54.719 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 54.687 % for 2016. Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Female: % of Female Employment data is updated yearly, averaging 59.407 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.089 % in 2009 and a record low of 46.856 % in 2002. Pakistan PK: Contributing Family Workers: Modeled ILO Estimate: Female: % of Female Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Employment and Unemployment. Contributing family workers are those workers who hold 'self-employment jobs' as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.; ; International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in September 2018.; Weighted average; Data up to 2016 are estimates while data from 2017 are projections.

PK: Vulnerable Employment: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Employment data was reported at 59.744 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 59.694 % for 2016. PK: Vulnerable Employment: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Employment data is updated yearly, averaging 61.945 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.685 % in 1991 and a record low of 58.799 % in 2013. PK: Vulnerable Employment: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Employment and Unemployment. Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.; ; Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in November 2017.; Weighted average; Data up to 2016 are estimates while data from 2017 are projections.